精品解析：福建省厦门市松柏中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月份考试英语试题

松柏中学2025-2026高二上学期12月英语阶段测试 (满分：150 时间：120分钟) 第一部分 听力(30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man go to the airport? A. At about 5:30. B. At about 6:00. C. At about 7:30. 2. How will the woman spend the evening? A. By updating computers. B. By working with her friends. C. By enjoying an opera. 3. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a library. B. On a bus. C. In a shop. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Ordering a new computer B. Paying for goods bought online. C. Complaining about a late delivery 5. What is the man’s opinion about the experience? A. It was exciting. B. It let him down. C. It frightened him. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. An accident. C. A magazine. 7. Why is The Sunflower closed now? A. It will move to another town. B. The workers are on holiday. C. It is under repair. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8 What do we know about Mr. Bannister? A. He lacks experience. B. He worked on a trade deal last year. C. He is a new member of the company. 9. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Inform Ms. Templeton of the decision. B. Tell another colleague about the result. C. Discuss the promotion with Mr. Duncan. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman remind the man to do? A. Receive the training. B. Check his emails. C. Assure safety. 11. What will the man do on April 14th? A. Draw up a contract. B. Go on a trip. C. Contact the woman. 12. What will the woman email to the man? A. The schedule of an event. B. The name list of employees C. The new security procedures. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who gave the woman her first mountain bike? A. Her father. B. Her uncle. C. Her brother. 14. What did the woman say about the Regional Championship? A. She was slowed down by a rock. B. She was too tired to speed up. C. She thought she would lose halfway. 15. What does the woman think is the most important before a race? A. Making sure the bike is in good condition. B. Looking at the route in advance. C. Doing sports to keep fit. 16. What kind of clothes does the woman suggest wear? A. The comfortable ones. B. The pretty ones. C. The tight ones. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A pipeline engineer. B. A visiting professor C. A student. 18. What is the city of Anchorage like today? A. Poor. B. Crowded. C. Quiet. 19. What was the main cause of the recent changes in Alaska? A. The tourism in the mountain area. B. An increase in birthrate. C. The discovery of oil. 20. Why is the speaker going to show some pictures? A. To share his recent trip. B. To show ways of pipeline construction. C. To point out changes in the wilderness. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Ready to start an exciting new journey and pursue an education in National Universityof Singapore? Overseas Training Program for senior high school graduates may be yourchance. Our team is here to walk you through the application process and answer any andall of your questions along the way. Qualifications ●The applicant must be a non-Singaporean citizen holding a foreign passport. ●Applicants have no criminal record, observe Singaporean government laws,regulations,andrespect the customs and habits of the Singaporean people. ●Applicants should be over 18 years old. ●Applicants should be physically and mentally healthy. Applicants should be able to communicate in English. Application Time: July 10,2021 to September 1,2021 Enrollment(入学）Date: September 10, 2021 Application Procedure: ●Applicants should visit the official website to inquire about the 2021 admission information and fill in the Application Form. Items Full-time Graduate Programs Textbooks Insurance Accommodation Fees (per year) $5,000 $500 $100 Single Double $1,000 $500 ●Applicants shall name the application materials according to the list, pack the folder and send it to our school and the school will evaluate the admission qualification. ●Applicants who have passed the admission qualification review will participate in the interview or written test organized by the department that you apply for. ●The qualified candidates will finally receive our admission letter. Fees 1. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Being a Singaporean citizen. B. Having a clean personal record. C. Having a sound body and mind. D. Having a good command of English. 2. What can ensure the applicants an interview opportunity? A. A high test score. B. An application form. C. Overseas studying experience. D. Qualified application documents. 3. What's the total annual cost for a student hoping to live alone? A. $ 1, 000. B. $ 6, 600. C. $ 6, 100. D. $ 5, 600. B Over the years, when a book has spoken to me with particular power, I have put pen to paper and sent word off to the author, communicating what their work meant to me. It all started in my 18th year, when I was entertaining my own imaginations of success as a writer. I was full of high expectations, believing that becoming an author was simply a matter of putting my thoughts onto paper, sending the works to a publisher, and waiting for fame to come. Then came the great disappointment. I wrote to famous children’s author Lloyd Alexander, describing my fruitless yearlong effort at publication and asking him for direction. To my joy, he answered: “Advice is always very easy to give-but very hard to make it specific and meaningful, since we all have to work in our own ways. When you mention that you’ve been writing for a year without being published, I hasten to tell you that I wrote seven times that long without being published! So, perhaps one piece of advice is: patience.” I was encouraged by the idea that a well-regarded writer would take the time to offer a bit of advice to an overconfident teen. But Mr. Alexander was not a singular case. I continued to reach out to writers and, truth to tell, I didn’t always receive a reply. But when I did get one, the content was often filled with consideration and even, at times, affection (喜爱). I think of the American poet William Stafford, who replied to me from Lake Oswego, Oregon. We actually had an ongoing correspondence (通信) for a while. I wrote to him asking if he would be so kind as to autograph (签名) one of his books for me. His reply brought an immediate smile to my face: “I am eagerly ready to autograph and return a book — it makes me feel like an author.” 4. What happened to the author when he was 18? A. He won fame as a young writer. B. He was forced to give up writing. C. He met a famous children’s author. D. He failed to get his works published. 5. What advice did Lloyd Alexander offer to the author? A. Being independent of others. B. Making decisions without hesitation. C. Keeping on trying and being patient. D. Regarding every piece of writing as meaningful. 6. What did the author think of William Stafford? A. He hated to reply to a letter. B. He was friendly and approachable. C. He longed to be a successful writer. D. He was always ready to lend his books. 7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Writing to the Writers in My Life B. My Idea About Writing C. Growing Up with Writing D. My Rise as a Writer C My undergraduate student needed advice after yet another failed experiment. Sitting across from me, she looked exhausted — frustrated even. I heard myself say, “This is part of research. You just have to push through.” But even as the words left my mouth, I felt uneasy. She nodded silently and shifted her posture. Afterward, she began showing up less frequently and eventually stopped coming altogether. I tried to explain it away: undergraduates sometimes get busy with coursework, lose interest or change direction, but deep down, I wondered what I could have done differently. I became a mentor (导师) during my second year of Ph. D. but didn’t get much guidance on how to do it. I learned only by doing. There were moments I felt proud of. One student started out quiet and unsure, but over time grew into a most independent and confident young researcher. Before graduating, she told me, “You are the reason I stuck with this.” That moment stayed with me. But so did the other one — the silence, the absences, the slow fade-out. Had I failed her? It wasn’t until the final year of my Ph. D. that I came across a leaflet for a mentorship training workshop. Skeptical at first, I decided to try it. The program, called Entering Mentoring, brought together graduate students for weekly discussions. For the first time, I had the space to explore the invisible labor and emotional complexity of mentoring. One session asked us to reflect on our own practices. I began to realize what might have been missing in my relationship with the student who had drifted away. I had never invited her to share her goals or concerns. I could have been more attentive to her unspoken struggles. After the workshop, I began changing how I interacted with students. I now start by asking how they’re doing, not just experimental details. This shift has led to more honest conversations. I’ve learned that good mentors are built through reflection and training. I wish I’d attended that workshop earlier, but I’m grateful I did at all. 8. What primarily caused the student’s withdrawal according to paragraph 1? A. Demanding research challenges. B. Heavy academic workload. C. Repetitive failures in research. D. Unaddressed inner struggles. 9. Why did the author mention the change of another student? A. To highlight the contrast in mentoring outcomes. B. To illustrate his lack of proper guidance. C. To showcase his pride in her achievement. D. To explain his own research breakthrough. 10 What did the workshop mainly focus on? A. Developing academic research skills. B. Encouraging discussions among graduate students. C. Exploring the interpersonal aspects of mentoring. D. Demonstrating diverse personal mentoring approaches. 11. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Strict and intelligent. B. Disciplined but inexperienced. C. Thoughtful but self-doubting. D. Responsible and reflective. D More digital devices equal less time to concentrate and to think. The negative effects of this on researchers are settled by computer scientist Cal Newport in his latest book, Slow Productivity. The book’s title challenges the idea that productivity could always be increased with the help of technology, which is common in many workplaces. Newport, who studies technology in the workplace at Georgetown University in Washington DC, says that researchers and other knowledge workers need to slow down, and spend more time thinking how to improve quality in their work. New communications technologies have enormous benefits, including speeding up research. But they are also compressing thinking time. Communications technologies are sure to evolve further and to continue distracting researchers from their work. Newport’s paper raises a much more fundamental question: what is the impact of lost concentration time on science — not just on the structure and process of science, but also on the content and quality of research? Newport used many examples to explain the question. These examples will help researchers and institutional leaders to make better decisions about the technologies’ arrangement and time to think. Newport also refers to some studies on how thinking time can be protected in a world of instant communication and gives suggestions on increasing thinking time, including limiting the number of items on to-do lists, and avoiding individual members sending e-mails to each other. For institutions, Newport recommends a clear workload management system — a way for managers to see everything that a colleague is expected to do — and then to adjust the workload if there are more tasks than there is available time. 12. What’s the general thought in many workplaces? A. Improving productivity is important. B. High tech devices help increase productivity. C Workers should only focus on improving quality. D Knowledge workers are good at improving productivity. 13. Which can explain the underlined word “compressing” in paragraph 3? A. Wasting. B. Controlling. C. Balancing. D. Decreasing. 14. How does Newport explain lacking thinking time is bad for science? A. By giving examples. B. By surveying scientists. C. By doing some research. D. By referring to some studies. 15. What’s the suggestion of Newport for increasing thinking time? A. Lowering extra work burden. B. Limiting the number of e-mails. C. Working tasks should be complex. D. Working environment should be friendly. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项多余。 Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits. Sure, it is nice to have the additional help with chores, but it also fosters so much growth, sending our kids down a good path towards who they will someday become. It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming. ____16____ Through caring for farm animals, kids learn that in life others often come before self. ____17____ It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner. ____18____ If the work on a farm does not get done, the operation fails. It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day, and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude. They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive. ____19____ Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life. Additionally, farming teaches patience. ____20____ It’s especially true for the animals. Cattle will be difficult to control. Horses will run away when you try to catch them. Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk. A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money. In spite of all that, kids will learn to be patient and take things easy. There may not be any instant reward, but in the long-term kids will see the benefit of all their efforts during those hard days. A. Fairly often, things do not go your way. B. Kids also learn to be grateful to animals. C. In the meantime, they learn to work with others. D. Teamwork is no longer a significant skill to develop and use. E. Animals need to be fed and cared for before we get to sit down and relax. F. Kids are also able to comprehend the value of hard work through farm life. G. What they learn on a farm, however, can be instrumental in their future lives. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Long sunny days can be ideal fora visit to the beach, especially during summer. Beachgoers _____21_____ the sun and they sometimes get exposed to its rays for several hours. Not everyone seems to listen to experts’ warnings about _____22_____ sun exposure, which creates the _____23_____ for a new approach to the issue. How about providing the lovers of the sun with another _____24_____ they possibly have? Happiness Brussels, a communication agency, has _____25_____ found a reason to keep the beachgoers in the shadow and it’s called Shadow Wi-Fi. Shadow Wi-Fi is an innovative Wi-Fi _____26_____ that works close to a wall, providing Internet access to the users that _____27_____ under the wall’ s shadow! People feel isolated from the _____28_____ world while on the beach, and _____29_____ their love for the sun, a stable Internet connection is probably more _____30_____ to them. That’s how Happiness Brussels _____31_____ this creative idea, starting with placing a wall on a _____32_____ in Peru. Supported by League Against Cancer, Happiness Brussels _____33_____ to raise awareness about skin cancer, one of the most common cancers in the world. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, almost 5 million people are _____34_____ for skin cancer every year in the US, while one in five Americans will develop skin cancer in the ____35____ of a lifetime. Shadow Wi-Fi works as an ideal way to help people change habits, even with the presence of this huge wall on the beach. Happiness Brussels is expanding the project to New Zealand and San Francisco, hoping to reach more beaches in the future. Happiness Brussels proves through this ambitious project that creativity leads faster to the desired goals, achieving both protection and education for the target audience! 21. A. avoid B. blame C. love D. spot 22. A. difficult B. dangerous C. further D. recent 23. A. need B. talent C. excuse D. qualification 24. A. opportunity B. skill C. system D. passion 25. A. regularly B. nearly C. finally D. strangely 26. A. symbol B. network C. standard D. analyzer 27 A. grow B. live C. remain D. escape 28. A. digital B. natural C. ancient D. physical 29. A. against B. without C. within D. despite 30. A. convenient B. important C. familiar D. obvious 31. A. got away with B. looked down on C. made up for D. came up with 32. A. farm B. beach C. mountain D. street 33. A. aims B. affords C. hesitates D. pretends 34. A. forgiven B. prepared C. treated D. paid 35. A. course B. memory C. dream D. discovery 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) A 语法填空 In the early 19th century an outbreak hit Europe. John Snow, a great doctor, decided to investigate. He began by marking on a map the exact places ____36____ all those who died had lived. The ____37____ (true) was that water people drank was infected by waste which contained cholera germ. He had the handle of the pump ____38____ (remove). Thanks to his effort, many people’s lives ____39____ (save). B 语法填空 The idea of a computer that is all powerful and can think and make decisions for ____40____ (it) terrifies many people. In some films AI even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI ____41____ (use) to replace humans in the future. C 语法填空 I usually get up extra early each morning to enjoy a ____42____(fresh) made breakfast on the street, and then I often visit ____43____ park. ____44____ impress me most is that many are really interested in Tai Chi. Out of curiosity and interest, I spend a lot of time in the city parks ____45____(practise) with the locals. 第四部分 写作(满分40分) 第一节 应用文(15分) 46. 假如你是李华，学生会将举办每年一度的英语演讲比赛，今年的主题为“我喜爱的科学家”请就这些写一篇演讲稿。内容包括： 要点： 1.事迹 2.品质 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, boys and girls! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 第二节 概要写作(25分) 47. A new, first-of-its-kind study examines the connection between teacher burnout and students’ stress levels. Researchers from the University of British Columbia collected saliva (唾液) samples from over 400 elementary school children, grades four to seven, at 17 public schools. Cortisol (皮质醇) levels were then assessed from the samples as the hormone is commonly used as a biological indicator of stress. Correspondingly, teacher burnout was determined through survey results. Investigators found that in classrooms in which teachers experienced more burnout, or feelings of emotional exhaustion, students’ cortisol levels were elevated (提升). Higher cortisol levels in elementary school children have been linked to learning difficulties as well as mental health problems. The study appears in the journal Social Science & Medicine. “This suggests that stress contagion (蔓延) might be taking place in the classroom among students and their teachers,” said Eva Oberle, Ph.D., the study’s lead author. Indeed, the relationship between student stress and teacher burnout is a chicken and egg question. “It is unknown what came first, elevated cortisol or teacher burnout. We consider the connection between student and teacher stress a cyclical problem in the classroom.” Oberle said a stressful classroom climate could be a result of inadequate support for teachers, which may impact teachers’ ability to effectively manage their students. A poorly managed classroom can contribute to students’ needs not being met and increasing stress. This could be reflected in elevated cortisol levels in students. Alternatively, stress could originate from students, who may be more challenging to teach because of increases in anxiety, behavioral problems, or special needs. In this case, teachers could feel overwhelmed and report higher levels of burnout. “Our study is a reminder of the systemic issues facing teachers and educators as classroom sizes increase and supports for teachers are cut,” said Oberle. “It is clear from a number of recent research studies that teaching is one of the most stressful professions, and that teachers need adequate resources and support in their jobs in order to battle burnout and relieve stress in the classroom,” said University of British Columbia education professor Kimberly Schonert Reichl, Ph.D., the study’s co-author. “If we do not support teachers, we risk the damage of students.” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(此处可以打草稿) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 松柏中学2025-2026高二上学期12月英语阶段测试 (满分：150 时间：120分钟) 第一部分 听力(30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the man go to the airport? A. At about 5:30. B. At about 6:00. C. At about 7:30. 2. How will the woman spend the evening? A. By updating computers. B. By working with her friends. C. By enjoying an opera. 3. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a library. B. On a bus. C. In a shop. 4. What is the woman doing? A. Ordering a new computer B. Paying for goods bought online. C. Complaining about a late delivery 5. What is the man’s opinion about the experience? A. It was exciting. B. It let him down. C. It frightened him. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. An accident. C. A magazine. 7. Why is The Sunflower closed now? A. It will move to another town. B. The workers are on holiday. C. It is under repair. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What do we know about Mr. Bannister? A. He lacks experience. B. He worked on a trade deal last year. C. He is a new member of the company. 9. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Inform Ms. Templeton of the decision. B. Tell another colleague about the result. C. Discuss the promotion with Mr. Duncan. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman remind the man to do? A. Receive the training. B. Check his emails. C. Assure safety. 11. What will the man do on April 14th? A. Draw up a contract. B. Go on a trip. C. Contact the woman. 12. What will the woman email to the man? A. The schedule of an event. B. The name list of employees C. The new security procedures. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who gave the woman her first mountain bike? A. Her father. B. Her uncle. C. Her brother. 14. What did the woman say about the Regional Championship? A. She was slowed down by a rock. B. She was too tired to speed up. C. She thought she would lose halfway. 15. What does the woman think is the most important before a race? A. Making sure the bike is in good condition. B. Looking at the route in advance. C. Doing sports to keep fit. 16. What kind of clothes does the woman suggest wear? A. The comfortable ones. B. The pretty ones. C. The tight ones. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A pipeline engineer. B. A visiting professor C. A student. 18. What is the city of Anchorage like today? A. Poor. B. Crowded. C. Quiet. 19. What was the main cause of the recent changes in Alaska? A. The tourism in the mountain area. B. An increase in birthrate. C. The discovery of oil. 20. Why is the speaker going to show some pictures? A To share his recent trip. B. To show ways of pipeline construction. C. To point out changes in the wilderness. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Ready to start an exciting new journey and pursue an education in National Universityof Singapore? Overseas Training Program for senior high school graduates may be yourchance. Our team is here to walk you through the application process and answer any andall of your questions along the way. Qualifications ●The applicant must be a non-Singaporean citizen holding a foreign passport. ●Applicants have no criminal record, observe Singaporean government laws,regulations,andrespect the customs and habits of the Singaporean people. ●Applicants should be over 18 years old. ●Applicants should be physically and mentally healthy. Applicants should be able to communicate in English. Application Time: July 10,2021 to September 1,2021 Enrollment(入学）Date: September 10, 2021 Application Procedure: ●Applicants should visit the official website to inquire about the 2021 admission information and fill in the Application Form. Items Full-time Graduate Programs Textbooks Insurance Accommodation Fees (per year) $5,000 $500 $100 Single Double $1,000 $500 ●Applicants shall name the application materials according to the list, pack the folder and send it to our school and the school will evaluate the admission qualification. ●Applicants who have passed the admission qualification review will participate in the interview or written test organized by the department that you apply for. ●The qualified candidates will finally receive our admission letter. Fees 1. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Being a Singaporean citizen. B. Having a clean personal record. C. Having a sound body and mind. D. Having a good command of English. 2. What can ensure the applicants an interview opportunity? A. A high test score. B. An application form. C. Overseas studying experience. D. Qualified application documents. 3. What's the total annual cost for a student hoping to live alone? A. $ 1, 000. B. $ 6, 600. C. $ 6, 100. D. $ 5, 600. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新加坡国立大学高中毕业生海外培训项目申请流程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一个黑点“●The applicant must be a non-Singaporean citizen holding a foreign passport.（●申请人必须为持有外国护照的非新加坡公民。）”可知，作为新加坡公民会导致取消资格。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二个黑点“●Applicants who have passed the admission qualification review will participate in the interview or written test organized by the department that you apply for.（●通过入学资格审查的申请人将参加申请部门组织的面试或笔试。）”可知，有合格的申请文件才能确保应聘者获得面试的机会。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格里的数值全日制研究生项目：$5,000；教科书：$500；保险：$100 住宿单人宿舍：$1,000，合计独自生活的学生每年的总费用是6,600美元。故选B。 B Over the years, when a book has spoken to me with particular power, I have put pen to paper and sent word off to the author, communicating what their work meant to me. It all started in my 18th year, when I was entertaining my own imaginations of success as a writer. I was full of high expectations, believing that becoming an author was simply a matter of putting my thoughts onto paper, sending the works to a publisher, and waiting for fame to come. Then came the great disappointment. I wrote to famous children’s author Lloyd Alexander, describing my fruitless yearlong effort at publication and asking him for direction. To my joy, he answered: “Advice is always very easy to give-but very hard to make it specific and meaningful, since we all have to work in our own ways. When you mention that you’ve been writing for a year without being published, I hasten to tell you that I wrote seven times that long without being published! So, perhaps one piece of advice is: patience.” I was encouraged by the idea that a well-regarded writer would take the time to offer a bit of advice to an overconfident teen. But Mr. Alexander was not a singular case. I continued to reach out to writers and, truth to tell, I didn’t always receive a reply. But when I did get one, the content was often filled with consideration and even, at times, affection (喜爱). I think of the American poet William Stafford, who replied to me from Lake Oswego, Oregon. We actually had an ongoing correspondence (通信) for a while. I wrote to him asking if he would be so kind as to autograph (签名) one of his books for me. His reply brought an immediate smile to my face: “I am eagerly ready to autograph and return a book — it makes me feel like an author.” 4. What happened to the author when he was 18? A. He won fame as a young writer. B. He was forced to give up writing. C. He met a famous children’s author. D. He failed to get his works published. 5. What advice did Lloyd Alexander offer to the author? A. Being independent of others. B. Making decisions without hesitation. C. Keeping on trying and being patient. D. Regarding every piece of writing as meaningful. 6. What did the author think of William Stafford? A. He hated to reply to a letter. B. He was friendly and approachable. C. He longed to be a successful writer. D. He was always ready to lend his books. 7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Writing to the Writers in My Life B. My Idea About Writing C. Growing Up with Writing D. My Rise as a Writer 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在成为作家的路上，给一些著名的作家写信，他们的建议和反馈让作者受益良多。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It all started in my 18th year, when I was entertaining my own imaginations of success as a writer. I was full of high expectations, believing that becoming an author was simply a matter of putting my thoughts onto paper, sending the works to a publisher, and waiting for fame to come. Then came the great disappointment. I wrote to famous children’s author Lloyd Alexander, describing my fruitless yearlong effort at publication and asking him for direction.(这一切都始于我18岁的时候，当时我正沉浸在自己作为一名作家成功的想象中。我充满了很高的期望，认为成为一名作家只是把我的想法写在纸上，把作品寄给出版商，然后等待名声的到来。然后是巨大的失望。我写信给著名儿童作家劳埃德·亚历山大(Lloyd Alexander)，描述了我为出版这本书所做的一年无果的努力，并向他寻求指导)”可知，作者18岁时的作品没能出版。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When you mention that you’ve been writing for a year without being published, I hasten to tell you that I wrote seven times that long without being published! So, perhaps one piece of advice is: Patience.(当你提到你已经写了一年没有发表，我赶紧告诉你，我写了七次都没有发表！所以，或许有一条建议是：耐心)”可知，劳埃德·亚历山大建议作者坚持尝试，保持耐心。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We actually had an ongoing correspondence (通信) for a while. I wrote to him asking if he would be so kind as to autograph (签名) one of his books for me. His reply brought an immediate smile to my face: “I am eagerly ready to autograph and return a book — it makes me feel like an author.”(事实上，我们有一段时间一直保持通信联系。我写信给他，问他是否愿意为我在他的一本书上签名。他的回答立刻让我脸上露出了笑容:“我迫不及待地准备好签名并归还一本书——这让我觉得自己像个作家。”)”可知，作者认为威廉·斯塔福德很友好，平易近人。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the years, when a book has spoken to me with particular power, I have put pen to paper and send word off to the author, communicating what their work meant to me.(多年来，当一本书对我产生了特殊的影响时，我就会动笔写信给作者，告诉他他们的作品对我意味着什么)”结合文章主要讲述作者在成为作家的路上，给一些著名的作家写信，他们的建议和反馈让作者受益良多，可知，A选项“给我生命中的作家写信”最符合文章标题。故选A。 C My undergraduate student needed advice after yet another failed experiment. Sitting across from me, she looked exhausted — frustrated even. I heard myself say, “This is part of research. You just have to push through.” But even as the words left my mouth, I felt uneasy. She nodded silently and shifted her posture. Afterward, she began showing up less frequently and eventually stopped coming altogether. I tried to explain it away: undergraduates sometimes get busy with coursework, lose interest or change direction, but deep down, I wondered what I could have done differently. I became a mentor (导师) during my second year of Ph. D. but didn’t get much guidance on how to do it. I learned only by doing. There were moments I felt proud of. One student started out quiet and unsure, but over time grew into a most independent and confident young researcher. Before graduating, she told me, “You are the reason I stuck with this.” That moment stayed with me. But so did the other one — the silence, the absences, the slow fade-out. Had I failed her? It wasn’t until the final year of my Ph. D. that I came across a leaflet for a mentorship training workshop. Skeptical at first, I decided to try it. The program, called Entering Mentoring, brought together graduate students for weekly discussions. For the first time, I had the space to explore the invisible labor and emotional complexity of mentoring. One session asked us to reflect on our own practices. I began to realize what might have been missing in my relationship with the student who had drifted away. I had never invited her to share her goals or concerns. I could have been more attentive to her unspoken struggles. After the workshop, I began changing how I interacted with students. I now start by asking how they’re doing, not just experimental details. This shift has led to more honest conversations. I’ve learned that good mentors are built through reflection and training. I wish I’d attended that workshop earlier, but I’m grateful I did at all. 8. What primarily caused the student’s withdrawal according to paragraph 1? A. Demanding research challenges. B. Heavy academic workload. C. Repetitive failures in research. D. Unaddressed inner struggles. 9. Why did the author mention the change of another student? A. To highlight the contrast in mentoring outcomes. B. To illustrate his lack of proper guidance. C. To showcase his pride in her achievement. D. To explain his own research breakthrough. 10. What did the workshop mainly focus on? A. Developing academic research skills. B Encouraging discussions among graduate students. C. Exploring the interpersonal aspects of mentoring. D. Demonstrating diverse personal mentoring approaches. 11 Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Strict and intelligent. B. Disciplined but inexperienced. C. Thoughtful but self-doubting. D. Responsible and reflective. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在攻读博士学位第二年时担任导师，因指导方式不当导致一名学生退出研究，之后通过参加指导工作坊反思自身问题、改进交流方式，最终领悟到优秀的指导工作需要反思与训练的故事。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“My undergraduate student needed advice after yet another failed experiment. Sitting across from me, she looked exhausted — frustrated even. I heard myself say, ‘This is part of research. You just have to push through.’ But even as the words left my mouth, I felt uneasy. She nodded silently and shifted her posture. Afterward, she began showing up less frequently and eventually stopped coming altogether. (我的一名本科学生在又一次实验失败后向我寻求建议。她坐在我对面，看上去疲惫不堪——甚至有些沮丧。我开导她说：‘这就是科研的一部分，你只能坚持下去。’但话一出口，我就感到有些不安。她默默地点点头，换了个姿势。之后，她来实验室的次数越来越少，最终彻底不来了。)”以及第三段中“I began to realize what might have been missing in my relationship with the student who had drifted away. I had never invited her to share her goals or concerns. I could have been more attentive to her unspoken struggles. (我开始意识到，我和那个渐行渐远的学生之间，可能缺少了一些东西。我从未邀请她分享自己的目标或顾虑，本应该更留意她那些未说出口的挣扎。)”可知，学生因实验失败而疲惫沮丧，作者只是简单地让她“坚持”，并未关注她内心的挣扎，也没有引导她倾诉顾虑，后续作者的反思也印证了这一点，由此可推断，学生退出的主要原因是内心的挣扎没有被重视和疏导。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I became a mentor during my second year of Ph.D. but didn’t get much guidance on how to do it. I learned only by doing. There were moments I felt proud of. One student started out quiet and unsure, but over time grew into a most independent and confident young researcher. Before graduating, she told me, ‘You are the reason I stuck with this.’ That moment stayed with me. But so did the other one — the silence, the absences, the slow fade-out. Had I failed her? (我在攻读博士学位的第二年成为了导师，但当时并没有得到太多关于如何做好导师的指导。我只能边做边学。也有一些让我感到自豪的时刻。有一名学生起初沉默寡言、缺乏自信，但随着时间的推移，她成长为了一名非常独立且自信的年轻研究人员。毕业前，她告诉我：‘是你让我坚持了下来。’那一刻令我印象深刻。但另一个场景也同样令我难忘——沉默、缺席，以及逐渐淡出的身影。是我让她失望了吗？)”可知，作者提到另一名学生的转变是为了通过这两种截然不同的指导结果形成对比，引出自己对指导方式的反思。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The program, called Entering Mentoring, brought together graduate students for weekly discussions. For the first time, I had the space to explore the invisible labor and emotional complexity of mentoring. (这个名为《步入导师行列》的项目，召集研究生们开展每周一次的讨论会。我生平第一次有机会去探究导师工作中那些无形的付出，以及这份工作背后复杂的情感内涵。)”可知，研讨会主要关注指导中的人际关系层面。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I began to realize what might have been missing in my relationship with the student who had drifted away. I had never invited her to share her goals or concerns. I could have been more attentive to her unspoken struggles. (我开始意识到，我和那个渐行渐远的学生之间，可能缺少了一些东西。我从未邀请她分享自己的目标或顾虑，本应该更留意她那些未说出口的挣扎。)”和最后一段中“I now start by asking how they’re doing, not just experimental details. This shift has led to more honest conversations. (我现在首先会问他们过得怎么样，而不仅仅是实验细节。这种转变带来了更诚实的对话。)”可知，作者通过反思改进了指导方式，体现出作者是一个负责任且善于反思的人。故选D。 D More digital devices equal less time to concentrate and to think. The negative effects of this on researchers are settled by computer scientist Cal Newport in his latest book, Slow Productivity. The book’s title challenges the idea that productivity could always be increased with the help of technology, which is common in many workplaces. Newport, who studies technology in the workplace at Georgetown University in Washington DC, says that researchers and other knowledge workers need to slow down, and spend more time thinking how to improve quality in their work. New communications technologies have enormous benefits, including speeding up research. But they are also compressing thinking time. Communications technologies are sure to evolve further and to continue distracting researchers from their work. Newport’s paper raises a much more fundamental question: what is the impact of lost concentration time on science — not just on the structure and process of science, but also on the content and quality of research? Newport used many examples to explain the question. These examples will help researchers and institutional leaders to make better decisions about the technologies’ arrangement and time to think. Newport also refers to some studies on how thinking time can be protected in a world of instant communication and gives suggestions on increasing thinking time, including limiting the number of items on to-do lists, and avoiding individual members sending e-mails to each other. For institutions, Newport recommends a clear workload management system — a way for managers to see everything that a colleague is expected to do — and then to adjust the workload if there are more tasks than there is available time. 12. What’s the general thought in many workplaces? A. Improving productivity is important. B. High tech devices help increase productivity. C. Workers should only focus on improving quality. D. Knowledge workers are good at improving productivity. 13. Which can explain the underlined word “compressing” in paragraph 3? A. Wasting. B. Controlling. C. Balancing. D. Decreasing. 14. How does Newport explain lacking thinking time is bad for science? A. By giving examples. B. By surveying scientists. C. By doing some research. D. By referring to some studies. 15. What’s the suggestion of Newport for increasing thinking time? A. Lowering extra work burden. B. Limiting the number of e-mails. C. Working tasks should be complex. D. Working environment should be friendly. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家Cal Newport的新书Slow Productivity以及书中的核心观点。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The book’s title challenges the idea that productivity could always be increased with the help of technology, which is common in many workplaces.(这本书的标题挑战了科技能提高生产力这一观点，这在许多工作场所都很常见。)”可知，许多工作场所的普遍想法是科技能够提高生产力，即高科技设备能提高生产力。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词compressing前文的内容“New communications technologies have enormous benefits, including speeding up research.(新的通信技术有巨大的好处，包括加快研究速度。)”以及后文“Communications technologies are sure to evolve further and to continue distracting researchers from their work.(通信技术肯定会进一步发展，并继续分散研究人员的工作注意力。)”可知，更新的通信技术虽然会加快研究速度，但是会分散研究人员的工作注意力，故可推知划线词compressing与D项“Decreasing(减少)”意思相近，更新的通信技术虽然会加快研究速度，但是会分散研究人员的工作注意力，从而会减少他们的思考时间。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Newport’s paper raises a much more fundamental question: what is the impact of lost concentration time on science — not just on the structure and process of science, but also on the content and quality of research? Newport used many examples to explain the question.(Newport的论文提出了一个更为根本的问题：失去集中注意力的时间对科学有什么影响——不仅对科学的结构和过程，而且对研究的内容和质量有什么影响？Newport用了许多例子来解释这个问题。)”可知，Newport通过举例解释缺乏思考时间不利于科学，故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Newport also refers to some studies on how thinking time can be protected in a world of instant communication and gives suggestions on increasing thinking time, including limiting the number of items on to-do lists, and avoiding individual members sending e-mails to each other. For institutions, Newport recommends a clear workload management system — a way for managers to see everything that a colleague is expected to do — and then to adjust the workload if there are more tasks than there is available time.(Newport还参考了一些关于如何在即时通信的世界中保护思考时间的研究，并给出了增加思考时间的建议，包括限制待办事项清单上的项目数量，避免个人成员相互发送电子邮件。对于机构来说，Newport建议建立一个清晰的工作量管理系统——一种让管理者看到同事需要做的所有事情的方式——然后在任务多于可用时间的情况下调整工作量。)”可推知，Newport对增加思考时间的建议是减少额外工作负担。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项多余。 Including children in the farming lifestyle has many benefits. Sure, it is nice to have the additional help with chores, but it also fosters so much growth, sending our kids down a good path towards who they will someday become. It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming. ____16____ Through caring for farm animals, kids learn that in life others often come before self. ____17____ It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner. ____18____ If the work on a farm does not get done, the operation fails. It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day, and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude. They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive. ____19____ Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life. Additionally, farming teaches patience. ____20____ It’s especially true for the animals. Cattle will be difficult to control. Horses will run away when you try to catch them. Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk. A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money. In spite of all that, kids will learn to be patient and take things easy. There may not be any instant reward, but in the long-term kids will see the benefit of all their efforts during those hard days. A. Fairly often, things do not go your way. B. Kids also learn to be grateful to animals. C. In the meantime, they learn to work with others. D. Teamwork is no longer a significant skill to develop and use. E. Animals need to be fed and cared for before we get to sit down and relax. F. Kids are also able to comprehend the value of hard work through farm life. G. What they learn on a farm, however, can be instrumental in their future lives. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农场生活对孩子成长的各种好处。 【16题详解】 空前句子“It is possible that our children will grow up to lead lives that do not include farming. (可能我们的孩子将来长大后不会以务农为生)”描述了务农的不重要，而第二段句首“Through caring for farm animals, kids learn that in life others often come before self. (通过照顾农场动物，孩子们了解到，在生活中，他人往往比自己重要)”强调农场生活的好处，说明该空开始描述务农的重要性，G项“What they learn on a farm, however, can be instrumental in their future lives. (然而，他们在农场上学到的东西对他们未来的生活也会有帮助)”与前文呈转折关系。故选G项。 【17题详解】 空后句子“It doesn’t matter if we don’t feel like it or if we are sick and tired. What matters is that we take care of the animals that take care of us and do so in a timely manner. (这和我们是否喜欢或者我们是否生病以及劳累无关。重要的是我们要及时照顾爱护我们的那些动物)”强调要爱护农场动物，E选项“Animals need to be fed and cared for before we get to sit down and relax. (在我们坐下来休息前，那些动物需要喂饱和照料)”呼应后文，也在强调要照顾好农场动物。故选E项。 【18题详解】 该空置于句首，是本段的主旨句。空后句子“If the work on a farm does not get done, the operation fails. It takes discipline and commitment to get down to business every day, and seeing this in action will give kids a good work attitude.  They will know and understand that nothing good comes easy and that they have to work to survive. (如果农场上的活干不完的话，那农场就不能好好地运转了。每天认真工作需要有纪律和保证，看到这些起作用将使孩子们形成一个好的工作态度。他们会知道并明白没有什么好事来得容易，他们必须努力工作才能生存)”强调农场生活让孩子们形成良好的工作态度，帮助他们理解要努力，明白成果的来之不易，这些都是F项“Kids are also able to comprehend the value of hard work through farm life. (农场生活还会教给孩子们艰苦劳动的价值)”中的“the value of hard work”。故选F。 【19题详解】 空后句子“Functioning as part of a productive team will surely be playing a crucial role sooner or later in all walks of life. (作为高效团队的一部分发挥作用，肯定迟早会在各行各业中发挥关键作用)”强调高效团队中的重要性，呼应C项“In the meantime, they learn to work with others. (同时，他们会学会与别人共事)”中的“work with others”。故选C项。 【20题详解】 空后句子“It’s especially true for the animals. Cattle will be difficult to control. Horses will run away when you try to catch them. Goats will kick over that bucket of hard-earned milk. A rooster will decide you got too close to his hens and give you a run for your money. (对动物来说尤其如此。牛很难控制。当你抓马的时候，它会跑掉。山羊会踢翻那桶来之不易的牛奶。公鸡会以为你离它的母鸡太近而尽全力对你构成威胁)”都是一些意想不到的例子。A项“Fairly often, things do not go your way. (很多时候，事情不会按照你的设想发展)”总概括事情不会按照预期发展，后面用牛、马、山羊和公鸡的例子来进一步展开描述。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Long sunny days can be ideal fora visit to the beach, especially during summer. Beachgoers _____21_____ the sun and they sometimes get exposed to its rays for several hours. Not everyone seems to listen to experts’ warnings about _____22_____ sun exposure, which creates the _____23_____ for a new approach to the issue. How about providing the lovers of the sun with another _____24_____ they possibly have? Happiness Brussels, a communication agency, has _____25_____ found a reason to keep the beachgoers in the shadow and it’s called Shadow Wi-Fi. Shadow Wi-Fi is an innovative Wi-Fi _____26_____ that works close to a wall, providing Internet access to the users that _____27_____ under the wall’ s shadow! People feel isolated from the _____28_____ world while on the beach, and _____29_____ their love for the sun, a stable Internet connection is probably more _____30_____ to them. That’s how Happiness Brussels _____31_____ this creative idea, starting with placing a wall on a _____32_____ in Peru. Supported by League Against Cancer, Happiness Brussels _____33_____ to raise awareness about skin cancer, one of the most common cancers in the world. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, almost 5 million people are _____34_____ for skin cancer every year in the US, while one in five Americans will develop skin cancer in the ____35____ of a lifetime. Shadow Wi-Fi works as an ideal way to help people change habits, even with the presence of this huge wall on the beach. Happiness Brussels is expanding the project to New Zealand and San Francisco, hoping to reach more beaches in the future. Happiness Brussels proves through this ambitious project that creativity leads faster to the desired goals, achieving both protection and education for the target audience! 21. A. avoid B. blame C. love D. spot 22. A. difficult B. dangerous C. further D. recent 23. A. need B. talent C. excuse D. qualification 24. A. opportunity B. skill C. system D. passion 25. A. regularly B. nearly C. finally D. strangely 26. A. symbol B. network C. standard D. analyzer 27. A. grow B. live C. remain D. escape 28. A. digital B. natural C. ancient D. physical 29. A. against B. without C. within D. despite 30. A. convenient B. important C. familiar D. obvious 31. A. got away with B. looked down on C. made up for D. came up with 32. A. farm B. beach C. mountain D. street 33. A. aims B. affords C. hesitates D. pretends 34. A. forgiven B. prepared C. treated D. paid 35. A. course B. memory C. dream D. discovery 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了一个名叫Happiness Brussel的组织为了让海滩上喜欢晒太阳的游客们躲在阴影里，提出了一个Shadow Wi-Fi的想法，为那些留在墙壁阴影下的用户提供互联网接入。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去海滩的人喜欢阳光，有时他们会在阳光下晒上几个小时。A. avoid避免；B. blame责备；C. love爱；D. spot发现。根据后文“they sometimes get exposed to its rays for several hours.(有时他们会在阳光下晒上几个小时)”可知，去海滩的人喜欢阳光，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：似乎不是每个人都听专家关于危险的阳光照射的警告，这就需要一个新的方法来解决这个问题。A. difficult困难的；B. dangerous危险的；C. further进一步的；D. recent最近的。根据上文“experts’ warnings”可知，专家为晒太阳提出了警告，说明阳光照射存在危险。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎不是每个人都听专家关于危险的阳光照射的警告，这就需要一个新的方法来解决这个问题。A. need需要；B. talent才能；C. excuse借口；D. qualification资格。根据后文“for a new approach to the issue”可知，因为不是每个人都听专家关于危险的阳光照射的警告，这就需要一个新的方法来解决这个问题。故选A。 24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：给爱太阳的人提供另一种可能有的激情怎么样？A. opportunity机会；B. skill技能；C. system系统；D. passion激情。根据后文提到“人们在海滩上感到与数字世界隔绝，尽管他们喜欢阳光，但稳定的互联网连接对他们来说可能更重要”，即说明这些喜欢晒太阳的人存在对网络的激情，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一家名为“布鲁塞尔快乐”的通信机构终于找到了一个让海滩游客们躲在阴影里的理由，它被称为“阴影Wi-Fi”。A. regularly规律地；B. nearly差不多；C. finally最后，最终；D. strangely奇怪地。根据后文“found a reason to keep the beachgoers in the shadow”以及上文提到了晒太阳的人过多暴露在阳光下，所以是终于找到了一个让海滩游客们躲在阴影里的理由，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：影子Wi-Fi是一种创新的Wi-Fi网络，靠近墙壁工作，为留在墙壁阴影下的用户提供互联网接入！A. symbol符号；B. network网络；C. standard标准；D. analyzer分析器。根据后文“that works close to a wall, providing Internet access to the users”可知，此处指影子Wi-Fi是一种创新的Wi-Fi网络，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：影子Wi-Fi是一种创新的Wi-Fi网络，靠近墙壁工作，为留在墙壁阴影下的用户提供互联网接入！A. grow生长；B. live居住；C. remain保持，停留；D. escape逃走。根据后文“under the wall’ s shadow”可知，影子Wi-Fi为留在墙壁阴影下的用户提供互联网接入。故选C。 28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们在海滩上感到与数字世界隔绝，尽管他们喜欢阳光，但稳定的互联网连接对他们来说可能更重要。A. digital数字的；B. natural自然的；C. ancient古老的；D. physical身体的。根据后文“a stable Internet connection is probably more”可知，人们在海滩上需要网络，因为不想与数字世界隔绝。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：人们在海滩上感到与数字世界隔绝，尽管他们喜欢阳光，但稳定的互联网连接对他们来说可能更重要。A. against反对；B. without除了；C. within在里面；D. despite尽管。结合前后文可知，此处表示让步关系，表示“尽管”应用despite。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们在海滩上感到与数字世界隔绝，尽管他们喜欢阳光，但稳定的互联网连接对他们来说可能更重要。A. convenient方便的；B. important重要的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. obvious显然。根据上文“a stable Internet connection is probably more”以及上文提到人们在海滩上感到与数字世界隔绝，所以稳定的互联网连接对他们来说可能更重要。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是快乐布鲁塞尔想出这个创意的原因，他们首先在秘鲁的海滩上建了一堵墙。A. got away with逃脱惩罚；B. looked down on看不起；C. made up for补偿；D. came up with想出。根据后文“this creative idea”指提出某个想法应用come up with。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是快乐布鲁塞尔想出这个创意的原因，他们首先在秘鲁的海滩上建了一堵墙。A. farm农场；B. beach海滩；C. mountain山；D. street街道。根据上文“world while on the beach”可知，这个创意主要是针对海滩上的人的，所以是在秘鲁的海滩上建了一堵墙。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在抗癌联盟的支持下，快乐布鲁塞尔旨在提高人们对皮肤癌的认识，皮肤癌是世界上最常见的癌症之一。A. aims目标；B. affords买得起；C. hesitates犹豫；D. pretends假装。根据后文“to raise awareness about skin cancer”可知，“提高人们对皮肤癌的认识”是这个组织的目的，aim to表示“旨在，目的是”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据皮肤癌基金会的数据，美国每年有近500万人接受皮肤癌治疗，而五分之一的美国人会在一生中患上皮肤癌。A. forgiven原谅；B. prepared准备；C. treated治疗；D. paid支付。根据后文“for skin cancer”指因为皮肤癌接受治疗，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据皮肤癌基金会的数据，美国每年有近500万人接受皮肤癌治疗，而五分之一的美国人会在一生中患上皮肤癌。A. course课程，过程；B. memory记忆；C. dream梦想；D. discovery发现。根据上文“while one in five Americans will develop skin cancer in the”可知，五分之一的美国人会在一生中患上皮肤癌。短语in the course of表示“在……过程中”。故选A。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) A 语法填空 In the early 19th century an outbreak hit Europe. John Snow, a great doctor, decided to investigate. He began by marking on a map the exact places ____36____ all those who died had lived. The ____37____ (true) was that water people drank was infected by waste which contained cholera germ. He had the handle of the pump ____38____ (remove). Thanks to his effort, many people’s lives ____39____ (save). 【答案】36. where 37. truth 38. removed 39. were saved 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了19世纪初欧洲霍乱爆发时，医生约翰·斯诺通过调查发现霍乱的传播与受污染的饮用水有关，最终通过拆除水泵手柄阻止了霍乱蔓延，挽救了许多人生命的故事。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他首先在地图上标出了所有死者居住的确切地点。先行词是the exact places，指地点，在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：事实是人们饮用的水被含有霍乱病菌的污水污染了。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的主语，需用名词形式，true的名词是truth，为不可数名词。故填truth。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他让人把水泵的手柄拆了下来。have sth. done是固定结构，意为“让某事被做；请人做某事”，此处the handle of the pump与remove之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填removed。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：多亏了他的努力，许多人的生命得以挽救。句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；主语many people’s lives与save之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were saved。 B 语法填空 The idea of a computer that is all powerful and can think and make decisions for ____40____ (it) terrifies many people. In some films AI even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI ____41____ (use) to replace humans in the future. 【答案】40. itself 41. will be used 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们对全能自主思考的人工智能存在恐惧与担忧。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：一台无所不能、能够思考并为自己做决定的计算机的想法让许多人感到恐惧。本空在句中作介词for的宾语，指代前面的a computer，应用反身代词itself“它自己”。故填itself。 【41题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：在一些电影中，人工智能甚至决定必须杀死所有人类，许多人还担心人工智能在未来会被用来取代人类。本空在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，根据in the future可知，从句时态应用一般将来时，且AI与use“使用”之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，谓语用will be used。故填will be used。 C 语法填空 I usually get up extra early each morning to enjoy a ____42____(fresh) made breakfast on the street, and then I often visit ____43____ park. ____44____ impress me most is that many are really interested in Tai Chi. Out of curiosity and interest, I spend a lot of time in the city parks ____45____(practise) with the locals. 【答案】42. freshly 43. a 44. What 45. practising 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者早起吃早餐逛公园，因好奇太极常与当地人练习。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：我通常每天清晨都会早早起床，在街上享用一份新鲜出炉的早餐，然后我还会经常去公园。修饰形容词made，应用副词形式。故填freshly。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我通常每天清晨都会早早起床，在街上享用一份新鲜出炉的早餐，然后我还会经常去公园。此处表示泛指“一个公园”，park以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：最让我印象深刻的是，很多人对太极真的很感兴趣。“____ impress me most”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，表示“最让我印象深刻的东西”，所以用 连接代词what引导。句首单词首字母大写，故填What。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：出于好奇和兴趣，我在城市公园里花了很多时间与当地人一起练习太极。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填practising。 第四部分 写作(满分40分) 第一节 应用文(15分) 46. 假如你是李华，学生会将举办每年一度的英语演讲比赛，今年的主题为“我喜爱的科学家”请就这些写一篇演讲稿。内容包括： 要点： 1.事迹 2.品质 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, boys and girls! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】 Hello, boys and girls! Today, I’m thrilled to talk about my favorite scientist, Yuan Longping. Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to agricultural research. He worked tirelessly in the fields and finally developed hybrid rice, which has greatly increased rice production. This achievement has not only solved the food problem in China but also has helped many countries around the world. What I admire most about him is his perseverance and selflessness. He never gave up even when facing numerous difficulties. And he always put the interests of the people first. He is a true hero who will always be remembered by the world. That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，围绕“我喜爱的科学家”这一主题，介绍喜爱科学家的相关事迹与品质来完成演讲稿写作。 【详解】1.词汇积累 奉献，致力于：devote → dedicate 成就： achievement → accomplishment 解决： solve → resolve 放弃：give up → abandon 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：This achievement has not only solved the food problem in China but also has helped many countries around the world.  拓展句：Not only has this achievement solved the food problem in China, but also it has helped many countries around the world.  【点睛】【高分句型1】What I admire most about him is his perseverance and selflessness.（运用了What引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】He is a true hero who will always be remembered by the world.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 第二节 概要写作(25分) 47. A new, first-of-its-kind study examines the connection between teacher burnout and students’ stress levels. Researchers from the University of British Columbia collected saliva (唾液) samples from over 400 elementary school children, grades four to seven, at 17 public schools. Cortisol (皮质醇) levels were then assessed from the samples as the hormone is commonly used as a biological indicator of stress. Correspondingly, teacher burnout was determined through survey results. Investigators found that in classrooms in which teachers experienced more burnout, or feelings of emotional exhaustion, students’ cortisol levels were elevated (提升). Higher cortisol levels in elementary school children have been linked to learning difficulties as well as mental health problems. The study appears in the journal Social Science & Medicine. “This suggests that stress contagion (蔓延) might be taking place in the classroom among students and their teachers,” said Eva Oberle, Ph.D., the study’s lead author. Indeed, the relationship between student stress and teacher burnout is a chicken and egg question. “It is unknown what came first, elevated cortisol or teacher burnout. We consider the connection between student and teacher stress a cyclical problem in the classroom.” Oberle said a stressful classroom climate could be a result of inadequate support for teachers, which may impact teachers’ ability to effectively manage their students. A poorly managed classroom can contribute to students’ needs not being met and increasing stress. This could be reflected in elevated cortisol levels in students. Alternatively, stress could originate from students, who may be more challenging to teach because of increases in anxiety, behavioral problems, or special needs. In this case, teachers could feel overwhelmed and report higher levels of burnout. “Our study is a reminder of the systemic issues facing teachers and educators as classroom sizes increase and supports for teachers are cut,” said Oberle. “It is clear from a number of recent research studies that teaching is one of the most stressful professions, and that teachers need adequate resources and support in their jobs in order to battle burnout and relieve stress in the classroom,” said University of British Columbia education professor Kimberly Schonert Reichl, Ph.D., the study’s co-author. “If we do not support teachers, we risk the damage of students.” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(此处可以打草稿) 【答案】A new research shows that student strain often coexists with teacher exhaustion. (要点1) Students, who find their requirements unsatisfied as a result of teachers’ low-level management over class, may feel overwhelmingly stressed. (要点2) Conversely, teachers, who encounter great teaching challenge from students, tend to be burned out. (要点3) Therefore, more sufficient resources and support to teachers should be guaranteed, or students are likely to be ruined. (要点4) (63 words) 【解析】 【详解】本文是概要写作，其写作步骤如下： 1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，明确各段的大意。 2）弄清要求。是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。 3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。 要点分析：由第一段的第一句话概括出本文的第一个要点：A new research shows that student strain often coexists with teacher exhaustion. (要点1)，使用一个shows引导的宾语从句。要点2中使用了非限制性定语从句：Students, who find their requirements unsatisfied as a result of teachers’ low-level management over class, may feel overwhelmingly stressed. (要点2用一个副词Conversely(相反地)引出第三个要点：Conversely, teachers, who encounter great teaching challenge from students, tend to be burned out. (要点3)在要点3中再次使用定语从句完成。最后用连词therefore结束了第4个观点：more sufficient resources and support to teachers should be guaranteed, or students are likely to be ruined. (要点4)，在要点4中使用了由“or”的并列句。 总之，文章涵盖了全部要点，在写作中注意使用宾语从句，定语从句和并列句，句式多样化，同时能正确地使用连词，如hence, or等及副词conversely把文章有机地联合起来。作者也抓住了关键词，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，用复杂流畅的语言概括了文章重要的信息。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $