专题 J884 Unit 8 Safe and sound 单词默写（首字母填空）-【题型易-必考题型精练】2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（译林版2024）

单元话题·梯度训练 专题J884 单词默写（首字母） 单元话题中心 题型特训 Unit 8 Safe and sound 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内 容 提 要 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 – 10 二、 进阶提升 Passage 11 -15 Passage 1 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。［有的词请注意词形的变化!］ It is very important for us to live and work safely. In China, safety education(安全教育) is b 1 more and more important now. Students had better learn to keep t 2 safe. Stampedes(踩踏) and fires are the m 3 accidents. Maybe students usually meet these accidents. How can we protect ourselves f 4 the accidents? A stampede always h 5 in crowded places. When students around you begin to push(推), just stand there and try to hold on to something. If you f 6 down, move to one side and protect your head with your two hands around it. When there’s a fire, try to leave the building as q 7 as possible. It is better to cover your mouth and n 8 with something wet. If you don’t do like this, the fire and smoke may h 9 you easily. Remember, the most important thing is to stay c 10 in a fire. 【答案】 1. (b)ecoming 2. (t)hemselves 3. (m)ain 4. (f)rom 5. (h)appens 6. (f)all 7. (q)uickly 8. (n)ose 9. (h)urt 10. (c)alm 【导语】本文主要是有关安全教育的知识。 1. 句意：在中国，安全教育正变得越来越重要。根据“more and more important now”和首字母提示可知，需要一个现在分词构成现在进行时，是变得越来越重要，becoming符合句意；故填(b)ecoming。 2. 句意：学生们最好学会保护自己的安全。根据“keep...safe”和首字母提示可知，保证自己安全，主语是students，themselves“他们自己”符合句意；故填(t)hemselves。 3. 句意：踩踏和火灾是主要事故。根据“Stampedes(踩踏) and fires”和首字母提示可知，是主要的事故，main符合句意；故填(m)ain。 4. 句意：我们如何保护自己不受意外的伤害？根据“protect sb from sth”和首字母提示可知，保护自己远离事故，from符合句意；故填(f)rom。 5. 句意：踩踏事件总是发生在人多的地方。根据“in crowded places”和首字母提示可知，发生在拥挤的地方，结合always，是一般现在时，主语是单数，动词也用三单形式，happens“发生”符合句意；故填(h)appens。 6. 句意：如果你摔倒了，移到一边，用双手护住头部。根据“move to one side”和首字母提示可知，是摔倒，结合“if”，从句用一般现在时，主语非三单，动词用原形，fall“摔倒”符合句意；故填(f)all。 7. 句意：当发生火灾时，尽快离开大楼。根据“try to leave the building”和首字母提示可知，尽快离开大楼，副词修饰动词，quickly“快速地”符合句意；故填(q)uickly。 8. 句意：最好用湿的东西捂住口鼻。根据“cover your mouth”和首字母提示可知，捂住口鼻，结合your mouth，此处用名词单数，nose“鼻子”符合句意；故填(n)ose。 9. 句意：如果你不这样做，火和烟可能很容易伤害你。根据“the fire and smoke”和首字母提示可知，很容易受伤，结合may，需要动词原形，hurt“受伤”符合句意；故填(h)urt。 10. 句意：记住，在火灾中最重要的是保持冷静。根据“stay”和首字母提示可知，需要一个形容词作表语，应该是保持冷静，calm“冷静”符合句意；故填(c)alm。 Passage 2 There are many things that you should be c 1 with when you are alone at home. Read the following solutions(解决方法) to p 2 yourself. K 3 the door locked when you are alone at home. Many people think it’s the best way to protect(保护) themselves. Keep a list of p 4 numbers to call for help s 5 as 110, the police station of a neighbor’s number. Be careful with the electrical appliances（电器）. If don’t know h 6 to use them, ask your parents. Make a safety check b 7 going to sleep. Look t 8 the keyhole when you hear the doorbell. If there are strangers, ask “Who’s that?” with the door locked and say “Come back later.” D 9 tell them that your parents are away. Say “Mum’s h 10 a shower.” or “Dad’s having a sleep.” 【答案】 1. (c)areful 2. (p)rotect 3. (K)eep 4. (p)hone 5. (s)uch 6. (h)ow 7. (b)efore 8. (t)hrough 9. (D)on’t 10. (h)aving 【导语】本文主要介绍当自己独自在家时几个保护自己的方法。 1. 句意：当你独自在家时有许多东西要小心的。根据后文介绍在家要注意的事，结合首字母提示，考查短语“be careful with”小心……。故填(c)areful。 2. 句意：读以下的方法保护自己。根据后文“Many people think it’s the best way to protect(保护) themselves.”可知，应是保护自己的方法。结合首字母p，所以是protect“保护”。故填(p)rotect。 3. 句意：当你独自在家时保持门是锁着的。根据“the door locked when you are alone at home”可知是保持门锁着，结合首字母K，所以是Keep“保持”。故填(K)eep。 4. 句意：列出电话号码寻求帮助，例如110，警察局的电话或一个邻居的电话。根据后文说的打电话寻求帮助，所以是电话号码。结合首字母p，所以是phone“电话”。故填(p)hone。 5. 句意：列出电话号码寻求帮助，例如110，警察局的电话或一个邻居的电话。根据后文“110, the police station or a neighbor’s number.”可知是举例子，所以是短语“such as”例如。故填(s)uch。 6. 句意：如果不知道如何使用他们，问你的父母。根据后文“ask your parents”可知，前文不知如何使用，结合首字母提示可知是how“如何”。故填(h)ow。 7. 句意：在睡觉前，做个安全检查。根据“going to sleep”可知是在睡觉前进行安全检查。结合首字母b提示，应是before“在……前”。故填(b)efore。 8. 句意：听到门铃时，从锁眼看一眼。根据“the keyhole”可知是通过锁眼向外看，结合首字母提示可知是through“通过”。故填(t)hrough。 9. 句意：不要告诉他们你父母不在家。根据“tell them that your parents are away”可知应是否定祈使句，以don’t do开头。故填(D)on’t。 10. 句意：妈妈正在洗澡。考查短语“have a shower”洗澡，前面有is，所以用having构成现在进行时。故填(h)aving。 Passage 3 Gun (鲧) was the leader of a tribe (部落). He loved his people and always tried his b 1 to protect them. Once, a big flood (洪水) came and destroyed everything. Since he was the leader, Gun went to fight the flood. He tried to stop the water by b 2 a dam (大坝). But there weren’t enough stones and soil to use. After knowing that Tiandi had some magic soil c 3 xirang (息壤), which could grow by i 4 and become very hard in the water, Gun decided to steal it. With the h 5 of a bird and a turtle, he went to the place where Tiandi lived and stole some xirang. Gun then built a big dam and successfully stopped the flood. However, Tiandi found out and he was very a 6 . He sent Zhurong to c 7 Gun. The two had a big fight and Zhurong killed Gun. Zhurong tied the body of Gun to a stone on a mountain. Three years later, someone told Tiandi that Gun’s spirit was still alive in the body. Zhurong came to the mountain again and cut Gun’s body open. Gun w 8 up and a small dragon came out. The dragon was Gun’s child. He had turned his spirit into this dragon inside his body. The small dragon is called Dayu. Years later, there were m 9 floods. Dayu took over from his father and became an expert (专家) in f 10 floods. 【答案】 1. (b)est 2. (b)uilding 3. (c)alled 4. (i)tself 5. (h)elp 6. (a)ngry 7. (c)atch 8. (w)oke 9. (m)ore 10. (f)ighting 【导语】本文讲述了鲧为治水盗取息壤，最终化身大禹的传说故事，体现了先民与洪水斗争的智慧与精神。 1. 句意：他热爱他的人民，并且总是尽最大努力保护他们。根据“always tried his … to protect them”可知，此处需用名词best，构成固定短语try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”。故填(b)est。 2. 句意：他试图通过建造一座大坝来拦住水。根据“by…a dam”及首字母可知，此处指建造大坝，放在介词by之后，需用动词的现在分词形式building，表示方式方法。故填(b)uilding。 3. 句意：得知天帝有一些叫作息壤的神奇土壤后，它能自己生长并在水中变得非常坚硬后，鲧决定偷走它。根据“some magic soil … xirang”及首字母可知，此处需用过去分词called，意为“被称为”；“called xirang”作后置定语修饰soil，符合语境。故填(c)alled。 4. 句意：得知天帝有一些叫作息壤的神奇土壤，它能自己生长并在水中变得非常坚硬后，鲧决定偷走它。根据“which could grow by … and become very hard”及首字母可知，句子的主语和动作的执行者都是息壤，此处需用反身代词itself，意为“它自己”；grow by itself“自己生长”，符合语境。故填(i)tself。 5. 句意：在一只鸟和一只乌龟的帮助下，他去了天帝居住的地方并偷了一些息壤。根据“With the … of a bird and a turtle, he went to the place where Tiandi lived and stole some xirang.”及首字母可知，此处需用名词help，意为“帮助”；短语with the help of…“在……的帮助下”，符合语境。故填(h)elp。 6. 句意：然而，天帝发现了，他非常生气。根据“However, Tiandi found out”及首字母可知，天帝发现鲧偷息壤后，情绪应是“生气”；angry为形容词，意为“生气的”，符合语境。故填(a)ngry。 7. 句意：他派祝融去抓鲧。Tiandi发现鲧偷息壤后会派人去“抓”他；catch是动词，意为“抓住，捉住”，符合语境。放在动词不定式之后，用动词原形。故填(c)atch。 8. 句意：鲧醒来，一条小龙从他身上出来。根据“and a small dragon came out”及首字母可知，一条小龙出来，这里描述的是从之前的状态（昏迷或死亡状态）恢复生命或意识的动作。即“醒来”。此处表示过去发生的动作，应使用wake的过去式woke，意为“醒来”；符合语境。故填(w)oke。 9. 句意：多年后，发生了更多的洪水。根据“there were … floods”及首字母可知，此处是和以前做对比，说明有更多的洪水，需用形容词more，意为“更多的”；符合语境。故填(m)ore。 10. 句意：大禹接替父亲，成为抗洪水的专家。根据“became an expert (专家) in … floods”及首字母可知，此处指和洪水作斗争，放在介词in之后，需用动名词fighting，意为“抗击，斗争”；expert in doing sth.“在某方面的专家”，符合语境。故填(f)ighting。 Passage 4 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the land and the ocean are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes may happen when two plates m 8 against each other. Some parts of the earth s 9 , like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will take place, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 【答案】 1. (t)errible/(t)ypical 2. (h)appen 3. (d)angerous 4. (c)auses 5. (l)arge 6. (a)round 7. (t)ogether 8. (m)ove 9. (s)hake 10. (s)afe 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震的成因、危害以及如何在地震中保护自己。 1. 句意：地震是最可怕的/典型的自然灾害之一。根据首字母提示和“natural disasters”可知，terrible意为“可怕的”，typical意为“典型的”，均符合语境。故填 (t)errible/(t)ypical。 2. 句意：我们不能预防它，我们不知道它们何时会发生。空格在情态动词will后需接动词原形，根据首字母提示和“We cannot prevent them”，应填表示“发生”的动词。故填(h)appen。 3. 句意：这使得地震非常危险。根据首字母提示和上下文对地震危害的描述可知，地震很危险，dangerous“危险的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(d)angerous。 4. 句意：什么导致地震？空格是特殊疑问句的谓语动词，主语“What”为单数，需用三单形式。根据首字母提示和下文对地震成因的解释。故填(c)auses。 5. 句意：陆地和海洋都位于巨大的板块上。根据首字母提示和板块理论常识可知，版块面积巨大，large“巨大的”，形容词作定语。故填(l)arge。 6. 句意：所有的板块都环绕着地球。around the earth“环绕地球”，为固定搭配。故填(a)round。 7. 句意：它们像拼图一样紧密拼接。根据首字母提示和比喻“like a puzzle”可知，此处指拼在一起，together意为“在一起”。故填(t)ogether。 8. 句意：当两个板块相互碰撞时可能发生地震。根据首字母提示和常识可知，板块运动相撞，就有可能会发生地震，应用move；时态为一般现在时，主语是two plates。故填(m)ove。 9. 句意：地球的某些部分会摇晃，像海浪一样。根据首字母提示和地震时的震动现象。时态为一般现在时，主语“parts”为复数，需动词原形。故填(s)hake。 10. 句意：我们不知道地震什么时候会发生，但是我们可以做些事情来保证自身安全。根据首字母提示和防灾目的，safe意为“安全的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(s)afe。 Passage 5 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Last year, my class went on a skiing trip to the mountain. We had already been to the wonderful place the year before, so it was the s 1 time for us to be there. And it became a great experience. We believed that this time would be more fantastic than b 2 . When we a 3 there the day before, it snowed h 4 . And there were terrible storms. Storms are one of the worst disasters and they affect humans’ a 5 heavily. At breakfast the next day, we were told not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we d 6 to go anyway. When we got to the top of the mountain, it started snowing again. The hotel gave u 7 some sandwiches, so we ate them while waiting for the weather to improve. It didn’t get fine and soon we were really scared. L 8 , I put my cell phone in my bag before l 9 the hotel. I called the emergency services. And they sent a helicopter (直升机) to s 10 us. What a disaster! Next year I will go to a warm island. 【答案】 1. (s)econd 2. (b)efore 3. (a)rrived 4. (h)eavily 5. (a)ctivities 6. (d)ecided 7. (u)s 8. (L)uckily 9. (l)eaving 10. (s)ave 【导语】本文讲述了作者和同学们在一次滑雪旅行中遇到暴风雪被困，最终通过手机求救获救的惊险经历。 1. 句意：我们前一年已经去过那个美丽的地方，所以这次是我们第二次去那里。根据“We had already been to the wonderful place the year before”及首字母可知，之前我们去过一次，这是我们第二次去那里，此处需用序数词second，意为“第二的”；修饰名词time，符合语境。故填(s)econd。 2. 句意：我们相信这一次会比以前更精彩。根据“We believed that this time would be more fantastic than …”及首字母可知，这次应该比以前好，此处需用副词before，意为“以前，从前”；用于比较级结构中，符合语境。故填(b)efore。 3. 句意：当我们前一天到达那里时，雪下得很大。根据“When we ... there”及首字母可知，我们到了那里，此处需用动词arrive“到达”，结合the day before表过去时间，动词用过去式arrived。故填(a)rrived。 4. 句意：当我们前一天到达那里时，雪下得很大。根据“it snowed ...”及首字母可知，雪下得很大。此处需用副词修饰动词snow，heavily意为“猛烈地，大量地”，符合语境。故填(h)eavily。 5. 句意：风暴是最严重的灾害之一，它们会严重影响人类的活动。根据“they affect humans’ … heavily”及首字母可知，风暴影响人类的活动。此处需用名词activities，意为“活动”；此处表泛指，用其复数形式。故填(a)ctivities。 6. 句意：第二天早餐时，我们被告知因为天气不好不要去滑雪，但我们还是决定去。根据“but we … to go anyway”及首字母可知，but表转折，说明我们还是决定去，时态为一般过去时，此处需用动词decide的过去式decided，意为“决定”。故填(d)ecided。 7. 句意：酒店给了我们一些三明治，所以我们在等待天气好转时吃了它们。根据“The hotel gave … some sandwiches”及首字母可知，酒店是给我们三明治。此处需用宾格代词us，意为“我们”；作gave的宾语，符合语境。故填(u)s。 8. 句意：幸运的是，我在离开酒店前把手机放进了包里。根据“I put my cell phone in my bag before leaving the hotel”以及语境可知，此处需用副词luckily，意为“幸运地”；修饰整个句子，符合语境。故填(L)uckily。 9. 句意：幸运的是，我在离开酒店前把手机放进了包里。根据“I put my cell phone in my bag before … the hotel”及首字母可知，在离开宾馆之前，我把手机放在了包里。放在介词before之后，此处需用动名词leaving，意为“离开”。故填(l)eaving。 10. 句意：他们派出一架直升机来救我们。根据“And they sent a helicopter (直升机) to … us”及首字母可知，直升机是来救我们的。此处需用动词save，意为“救，拯救”，放在动词不定式之后，用动词原形。故填(s)ave。 Passage 6 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 How can we students keep ourselves safe? Here are some t 1 . On your way home or to school: W 2 for the green traffic light and look left and right before you cross the road. If you see a car coming, don’t cross until it is really safe. Dress in bright colours, so the drivers can see you c 3 . At school: When students around you begin to push, try to hold onto something, or stay in a safer corner. If you fall down in a crowded (拥挤的) place, cover your head with b 4 hands. When there’s a f 5 : Stay calm and leave quickly. Use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t take in (吸入) s 6 . If your clothes catch fire, please drop to the ground and roll from side to side to put out the fire. For eating: Wash fruit like apples or g 7 carefully before you eat them. Check the expiration dates (保质期) and if your food looks or smells t 8 , don’t eat it. For riding on the escalator (自动扶梯): Hold onto the handrails (扶手). It is d 9 to run up and down on them. You may f 10 down because escalator steps (台阶) are not fit for running. 【答案】 1. (t)ips 2. (W)ait 3. (c)learly 4. (b)oth 5. (f)ire 6. (s)moke 7. (g)rapes 8. (t)errible 9. (d)angerous 10. (f)all 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几点安全注意事项。 1. 句意：这里有一些建议。根据“How can we students keep ourselves safe?”可知，下文是一些安全建议，结合首字母t可知，tip“小建议”符合句意，被some修饰，应用复数形式。故填(t)ips。 2. 句意：等绿灯亮了，左右看看再过马路。根据“for the green traffic”可知，此处考查动词短语wait for“等待”，本句为祈使句，动词应用原形。故填(W)ait。 3. 句意：穿颜色鲜艳的衣服，这样司机可以清楚地看到你。根据“Dress in bright colours, so the drivers can see you”和首字母c可知，此处指“清楚地看到”，应用副词clearly修饰动词see。故填(c)learly。 4. 句意：如果你在拥挤的地方摔倒，用双手护住头部。根据“cover your head with ...hands”和常识可知，摔倒时要用双手护住头部，both符合句意。故填(b)oth。 5. 句意：发生火灾时：保持冷静，迅速离开。根据“If your clothes catch fire, please drop to the ground and roll from side to side to put out the fire.”可知，本条建议针对的是火灾，fire符合句意。故填(f)ire。 6. 句意：用一块湿布捂住口鼻，以免吸入烟雾。根据“Use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t take in...”和首字母s可知，用一块湿布捂住口鼻是为了防止吸入烟雾。故填(s)moke。 7. 句意：饮食：食用苹果、葡萄等水果前要仔细清洗。根据“Wash fruit like apples”和首字母g可知，此处应用grape“葡萄”的复数形式，泛指这一类水果。故填(g)rapes。 8. 句意：检查一下保质期，如果你的食物看起来或闻起来很难闻，就不要吃。根据“don’t eat it”和常识，不能吃变质的食物，结合首字母t可知，形容词terrible“糟糕的”符合句意。故填(t)errible。 9. 句意：在上面跑上跑下是很危险的。根据“run up and down on them”可知，在扶梯上跑上跑下很危险，应用形容词dangerous“危险的”作表语。故填(d)angerous。 10. 句意：你可能会跌倒，因为自动扶梯的台阶不适合跑步。根据“down because escalator steps are not fit for running”可知，在扶梯上跑可能会摔倒，fall“摔倒”符合句意，情态动词may后接动词原形。故填(f)all。 Passage 7 Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very s 1 . Many people are hurt or even d 2 in the earthquakes. Knowing some ways to protect y 3 will help to keep you safe in the earthquake. If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is s 4 than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to c 5 your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or a 6 that may fall on you. Do not try to run out of the building. If you are outdoors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The d 7 is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks a 8 most earthquakes. We call them aftershocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need h 9 . You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay c 10 . That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake. 【答案】 1. (s)erious 2. (d)ie 3. (y)ourself/(y)ourselves 4. (s)afer 5. (c)over 6. (a)nything 7. (d)anger 8. (a)fter 9. (h)elp 10. (c)alm 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们在发生地震时应该如何保护自己。 1. 句意：当它们发生在城市时，可能会非常严重。句中的they指地震，结合首字母提示和“When they happen in cities”可知，此处指当地震发生在城市时，后果可能会非常严重。形容词serious“严重的”符合语境。故填(s)erious。 2. 句意：许多人在地震中受伤甚至死亡。结合首字母提示和“Many people are hurt or even...in the earthquakes.”可知，此处表示许多人在地震中受伤甚至死亡。动词die意为“死亡”，此处讲述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Many people表示复数，所以动词die用原形。故填(d)ie。 3. 句意：知道一些保护自己的方法将有助于你（们）在地震中保持安全。结合首字母提示和“keep you safe”可知，此处表示保护你自己或你们自己，反身代词yourself“你自己”或yourselves“你们自己”都符合语境。故填(y)ourself/(y)ourselves。 4. 句意：坐在门口的地板上或靠近墙壁比站在房间中央更安全。根据than可知，空格处应用比较级，结合首字母提示和“Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall”可知，空格处意为“更安全”，应填形容词safe“安全的”的比较级safer。故填(s)afer。 5. 句意：记得用手臂遮住你的头和脖子。结合首字母提示和“Remember to...your head and neck with your arms.”可知，此处应用动词短语cover...with...“用……遮住……”，空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填(c)over。 6. 句意：远离窗户、高大的家具和照片或任何可能砸到你的东西。结合首字母提示和“that may fall on you”可知，此处指任何可能砸到你的东西。复合不定代词anything“任何东西”符合语境。故填(a)nything。 7. 句意：当强烈的震动停止时，危险还没有结束。结合首字母提示和“when the strong shaking stops”可知，此处表示当强烈的震动停止时，危险还没有结束。名词danger“危险”符合语境，danger在此处是不可数名词。故填(d)anger。 8. 句意：大多数地震后还会有一些震动。根据下文“We call them aftershocks”可知，此处指大多数地震后。介词after“在……之后”符合语境。故填(a)fter。 9. 句意：有些人可能需要帮助。结合首字母提示和“Some may need...”可知，此处指有些人可能需要帮助。不可数名词help“帮助”符合语境。故填(h)elp。 10. 句意：你可能会感到害怕，但你应该尽量保持冷静。结合首字母提示和空前的stay可知，本题考查短语stay calm“保持冷静”。故填(c)alm。 Passage 8 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Bears are considered as one of the most dangerous large predators (捕食性动物). It’s reported that recently a woman in Yunnan was attacked (袭击) by an Asiatic black bear in the mountains when she was s 1 for bamboo shoots. Between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died b 2 of Asiatic black bears. As a result, humans are afraid of them a lot. H 3 , bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people. Most attacks by bears are defensive reactions (防御反应) to a person who is too close. An attack can also h 4 when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离). When black bears are taking care of their b 5 , mother bears can get ready to attack anytime. Moreover, people may find that bears and humans are more likely to meet in recent years. Bears look for f 6 near villages, and this makes more meetings with humans which may bring harm or death. So, what should you do when there’s a bear right in front of you? Play dead? It may w 7 , for the bear may not think you are dangerous. But there are better ways. If you see a bear b 8 it notices you, don’t get closer or keep watching it. Just walk away q 9 in the other direction. If a bear sees you first, don’t run—it might chase you. I 10 , move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away. 【答案】 1. (s)earching 2. (b)ecause 3. (H)owever 4. (h)appen 5. (b)abies 6. (f)ood 7. (w)ork 8. (b)efore 9. (q)uietly/(q)uickly 10. (I)nstead 【导语】本文介绍了熊伤人的原因，以及在野外遇到熊的应对方法。 1. 句意：据报道，最近云南一名妇女在山里寻找竹笋时被一只亚洲黑熊袭击。search for意为“寻找”，根据空前的was可知，此处应用过去进行时，其结构是：was/were+动词现在分词，所以动词search要变成现在分词searching。故填(s)earching。 2. 句意：1950年至2019年间，有765人因为亚洲黑熊而死亡。because of意为“因为”。故填(b)ecause。 3. 句意：然而，熊，包括最危险的黑熊，并不经常攻击人。根据“Between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died...of Asiatic black bears. As a result, humans are afraid of them a lot.”和“...bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people”可知，空处前后是转折关系，结合首字母提示可知，空处应填副词However“然而”。故填(H)owever。 4. 句意：当人们近距离惊吓熊宝宝时，也会发生攻击。根据首字母提示和“An attack can also...when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离).”可知，此处表示“攻击也可能发生”，动词happen意为“发生”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填(h)appen。 5. 句意：当黑熊照顾它们的幼崽时，熊妈妈随时可能会准备攻击。根据首字母提示和上文“when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离)”可知，此处指“熊宝宝”，名词baby意为“宝宝”，根据“mother bears”可知，空处应填baby的复数形式babies。故填(b)abies。 6. 句意：熊在村庄附近寻找食物，这使得它们与人类有更多的接触，这可能会带来伤害或死亡。根据首字母提示和“Bears look for...near villages”可知，此处表示“寻找食物”，food“食物”符合语境。故填(f)ood。 7. 句意：它可能会起作用，因为熊可能不认为你是危险的。根据“Play dead?”和“for the bear may not think you are dangerous”可知，此处表示“装死可能会起作用”，动词work意为“起作用”，情态动词may后接动词原形。故填(w)ork。 8. 句意：如果你在熊注意到你之前看到了它，不要靠近或继续观察它。根据首字母提示和“If you see a bear...it notices you”可知，此处表示“如果你在熊注意到你之前看到了它”，before“在……之前”符合语境。故填(b)efore。 9. 句意：安静地/迅速地朝另一个方向走开。根据首字母提示和“Just walk away...in the other direction.”可知，如果熊没有注意到你，你应该安静地或迅速地朝另一个方向走开，空处用于修饰动词短语walk away，所以空处可填副词quietly“安静地”或quickly“迅速地”。故填(q)uietly/(q)uickly。 10. 句意：相反，慢慢地朝相反的方向后退，等待熊离开。根据首字母提示和“If a bear sees you first, don’t run—it might chase you...move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away.”可知，如果一只熊先看到你，不要跑，它可能会追你。相反，慢慢地朝相反的方向后退，等待熊离开。空处应填Instead“相反”。故填(I)nstead。 Passage 9 短文填空。（共10小题； 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，并将完整单词填在答题卡的相应位置。 What you are going to do if you are in a burning house? Do you know how to save y 1 ? Please read the following passage. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It’s important to know the right w 2 to escape(逃脱), such as exits and stairways, but not lifts. On the lower floors of buildings, escaping from the windows is p 3 . Leaving from windows may get the least chance of being hurt. When you are on the second floor, it’s usually not high from the ground. It’s about the height of an adult. It’s s 4 to jump out of the house than to stay in it. It’s important to protect yourself when you’re w 5 for help. Be sure to keep the door c 6 . If you don’t do that, smoke may come into the room e 7 It’s harmful to you. In that condition(状况), you’d better keep your head low to m 8 sure that you can breathe fresh air rather than smoke. If you are on high floors, you can go u 9 till the roof. You can try your best to attract(吸引) people’s attention. Don’t shout all the time b 10 you need to save energy and wait for rescue(救援). 【答案】 1. yourself 2. way(s) 3. possible 4. safer 5. waiting 6. closed 7. easily 8. make 9. up 10. because 【分析】试题分析：本文主要讲述了遭遇火灾时的自救方式。介绍了通过窗户逃生的选择以及等待救援时应注意关门、低伏、不大声呼叫等事项。 1. 考查反身代词。根据上文What are you going to do if you’re in a burning house可知，当遭遇火灾，我们应该知道如何自救。结合语境及所给开头字母故填yourself 2. 考查名词。根据句意：知道逃跑的正确方式是重要的，动词不定式to escape做后置定语；结合句意及首字母故填way(s) 3. 考查形容词。联系前文，可知句意为：在楼房的底层，从窗户逃生是可能的。结合语境及所给提示语可知应填possible 4. 考查形容词的比较级。联系前文It's about the height of an adult. 并结合结合语境可知，二楼离地面约一个成年人的高度，从上面跳下来比呆在里面更安全。根据所给单词首字母可知故填safer 5. 考查动词。联系下文，可知句意为：等待救援的时候，保护自己是重要的。结合语境及所给汉语提示可知故填waiting 6. 考查形容词。句意：一定保持门是关着的。Be sure to be +形容词；结合语境及首字母提示故填closed 7. 考查名词。联系下文In that condition, you had better keep your head low to make sure that you can breathe fresh air rather than smoke.可知,如果你不这样做，烟会很容易地进到你所在的房间。结合语境可知此处应填easily。 8. 考查动词。根据语境及火灾常识，火灾时把头低伏是确保更好地呼吸新鲜空气，而不是浓烟，结合语境及首字母提示故填make ；make sure表示确定。 9. 考查副词。句意：我希望你和琳达可以来镇江参观。I hope+that从句；结合语境及首字母故此处填up。Go up固定词组上楼。 10. 考查连词。句意：不要一直大喊，因为你要保存能量等待救援。结合语境及首字母故填because 考点：短文填空。 Passage 10 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 As parents, you can help children deal with the fear of natural disasters and help protect them from being hurt by t 1 them how disasters happen, and what to do when disasters happen. Here are some tips for you: ◆F 2 out what disasters are possible in your area by visiting your local library; ◆Think about w 3 your family should go if your house is destroyed; ◆Teach children the warning s 4 and signals in your area and practise what to do if a disaster happens. ◆Once you know the danger, ask your children to help check the s 5 in your house. You and your children can also work together on a disaster plan and p 6 a disaster box with food, water and necessary tools. ◆If a disaster does happen, pay a 7 to your children’s behaviour. Changes in behaviour, for example, acting strangely, m 8 that your children need help. ◆Allow children to share their f 9 about what has happened such as drawing a picture or writing a story. ◆Let friends and neighbours help you i 10 they can. 【答案】 1. (t)elling 2. (F)ind 3. (w)here 4. (s)igns 5. (s)afety 6. (p)repare 7. (a)ttention 8. (m)ean 9. (f)eelings 10. (i)f 【导语】本文主要介绍了作为父母，可通过多种方式帮助孩子应对自然灾害的恐惧并保护他们免受伤害，包括教孩子灾害相关知识、了解所在区域可能的灾害、规划家庭避难所、熟悉预警信号、检查房屋安全、准备防灾物资、关注孩子行为、允许孩子表达感受以及寻求他人帮助等。 1. 句意：作为父母，你可以帮助孩子应对自然灾害的恐惧，并通过告诉他们灾害是如何发生的以及灾害发生时该怎么做，来帮助保护他们免受伤害。“by”是介词，后接动名词形式，根据“how disasters happen, and what to do when disasters happen”和首字母提示可知，动词“tell”，其动名词形式为“telling”，意为“告诉”，符合语境。故填(t)elling。 2. 句意：通过访问当地图书馆，弄清楚你所在地区可能发生哪些灾害。本句为祈使句，以动词原形开头，“find out”是固定短语，意为“弄清楚，查明”符合语境。故填(F)ind。 3. 句意：想想如果你的房子被毁坏了，你的家人应该去哪里。根据句法结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用“where”引导，表示“哪里”。故填(w)here。 4. 句意：教孩子你所在地区的预警标志和信号，并练习如果灾害发生时该怎么做。“sign”意为“标志”，是可数名词，这里和“signals”并列，用其复数形式“signs”表示多种预警标志。故填(s)igns。 5. 句意：一旦你知道了危险，让你的孩子帮忙检查你家里的安全情况。“the”后接名词，“safe”是形容词，其名词形式为“safety”意为“安全”，符合语境。故填(s)afety。 6. 句意：你和你的孩子也可以一起制定灾害计划，并准备一个装有食物、水和必要工具的防灾箱。“and”连接并列的谓语动词，前面是动词原形“work”，这里也用动词原形，“prepare”意为“准备”符合语境。故填(p)repare。 7. 句意：如果灾害真的发生了，注意你孩子的行为。“pay attention to”是固定短语，意为“注意”。故填(a)ttention。 8. 句意：行为上的变化，例如举止怪异，意味着你的孩子需要帮助。主语“Changes”是复数，句子为一般现在时态，谓语动词用原形，“mean”意为“意味着”，符合句子逻辑。故填(m)ean。 9. 句意：允许孩子分享他们对所发生事情的感受，比如画一幅画或写一个故事。根据“their”可知，可数名词“feeling”意为“感受”，其复数形式“feelings”表示“多种感受”符合语境。故填(f)eelings。 10. 句意：如果朋友和邻居有能力，就让他们帮助你。根据语境和首字母提示可知，“if”意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。故填(i)f。 Passage 11 On October 30, the farm of a family in the village of Grüsch, Switzerland, burnt down. These buildings were about 300 years old. Unluckily, the family lost them b 1 of the fire. The next morning at the local public school, students were s 2 after hearing the terrible news. They decided to h 3 the family. Robin Egger, a head teacher at the school, and another teacher also wanted to work with the students to help the family. “Usually, the students make Christmas c 4 and sell them in town to make money. Then the money is used for their end-of-school trip,” Egger said. “However, the students didn’t s 5 the money on the school trip this time. They gave away all the money to the family that lost e 6 in the fire.” Egger and these students also went to local companies and a 7 for help. Luckily, a media company Somedia would like to help. It a 8 donated (捐赠) much money to the family. W 9 the help of the teachers, the students and the company, the family started to rebuild their houses and buildings. Now the family who lost their h 10 and farm in the fire are doing “much better”. 【答案】 1. (b)ecause 2. (s)ad 3. (h)elp 4. (c)ards 5. (s)pend 6. (e)verything 7. (a)sked 8. (a)lso 9. (W)ith 10. (h)ome 【导语】本文讲述了瑞士一所学校的学生和老师通过义卖圣诞卡和寻求企业帮助，为火灾中失去家园的农场家庭筹集善款的故事。 1. 句意：不幸的是，这家人因火灾失去了它们。根据“lost them…of the fire”可知需用固定短语because of表示原因，故填(b)ecause。 2. 句意：第二天早上在当地公立学校，学生们听到这个可怕的消息后很悲伤。根据“were…after hearing the terrible news”可知需用形容词作表语，且表示难过的情绪，故填(s)ad。 3. 句意：他们决定帮助这家人。根据“decided to…the family”及后文的帮助行为，可知需用动词原形表示“帮助”，故填(h)elp。 4. 句意：通常学生们会制作圣诞卡片并在镇上出售来赚钱。根据“students make Christmas…”以及首字母提示可知需用名词复数表示“卡片”，故填(c)ards。 5. 句意：然而这次学生们没有把钱花在学校旅行上。根据“However, the students didn’t…the money”的转折意义，可知需用动词原形表示“花费”，故填(s)pend。 6. 句意：他们把所有的钱都给了在火灾中失去一切的那家人。根据“the farm of a family... burnt down”及“lost…in the fire”可知需用代词表示失去“一切”，故填(e)verything。 7. 句意：Egger和这些学生还去了当地公司寻求帮助。根据“ went to local companies and...”可知需用动词过去式和went并列，根据“... for help”可知表示“请求”，故填(a)sked。 8. 句意：它还向这家人捐赠了很多钱。根据“It ...donated (捐赠) much money”结合上文学生们的捐助，可知指这家公司“也”捐了钱，故填(a)lso。 9. 句意：在老师、学生和公司的帮助下。根据“the help of”可知需用固定短语with the help of表示“在……的帮助下”，故填(W)ith。 10. 句意：现在这户在火灾中失去家和农场的人家情况好多了。根据第一段“the farm of a family... burnt down”可知他们失去了家，故填(h)ome。 Passage 12 Humans can’t stop natural disasters because we can’t stop the power of n 1 . For example, a flood comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a b 2 rainstorm at sea. Then too much seawater comes onto the land. A fast m 3 flood can hurt us. It can also hurt our homes. We can’t stop the water from coming, but we can t 4 to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don’t. An earthquake h 5 where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land s 6 . We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can s 7 fires. We can’t stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to p 8 them from falling down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is fast a 9 that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast-moving wind and rain. It b 10 at sea and can come onto land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes. We can’t stop the power of nature, but we can go to safe places. 【答案】 1. nature/ature 2. big/ig 3. moving/oving 4. try/ry 5. happens/appens 6. shakes/hakes 7. start/tart 8. prevent/revent 9. air/ir 10. begins/egins 【导语】本文主要讲述了自然灾害的成因、特点及人类的应对措施。 1. 句意：人类无法阻止自然灾害，因为我们无法阻止自然的力量。根据“Humans can’t stop natural disasters”可知，此处指的是无法阻止自然的力量，名词nature表示“自然”，the power of nature表示“自然的力量”。故填nature。 2. 句意：有时，它可能是在海上经历了一场大暴雨后出现的。根据“a...rainstorm”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“大的暴雨”，形容词big表示“大的”。故填big。 3. 句意：快速移动的洪水会伤害我们。根据“flood”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“快速移动的洪水”，形容词moving表示“移动的”。故填moving。 4. 句意：我们无法阻止水的到来，但我们可以尝试用沙袋筑墙来阻止水。根据“to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags”可知，此处指的是尝试用沙袋筑墙来阻止水，动词try表示“尝试”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填try。 5. 句意：地震发生在陆地移动的地方。根据“An earthquake”可知，此处指的是地震发生，动词happen表示“发生”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语An earthquake为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填happens。 6. 句意：陆地摇晃。根据“The land goes up and down”可知，此处指的是陆地摇晃，动词shake表示“摇晃”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语是The land，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填shakes。 7. 句意：掉落的东西会引发火灾。根据“Falling things can...fires”可知，此处指的是引发火灾，动词start表示“引发”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填start。 8. 句意：我们可以努力使我们的家坚固，以防止它们在地震中倒塌。根据“make our homes strong in order to...them from falling down in an earthquake”可知，此处指的是防止它们在地震中倒塌，动词prevent表示“防止”，in order to do sth表示“为了做某事”，因此用动词原形。故填prevent。 9. 句意：龙卷风是在陆地上快速旋转的空气。根据“A tornado (龙卷风) is fast...that goes around and around over the land”可知，此处指的是快速旋转的空气，名词air表示“空气”，为不可数名词。故填air。 10. 句意：它从海上开始，然后可以来到陆地上。根据“It...at sea and can come onto the land”可知，此处指的是它从海上开始，动词begin表示“开始”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填begins。 Passage 13 根据首字母提示完成短文。 Most typhoons in the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very b 1 names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was one of the w 2 typhoons to hit Hong Kong, China. It began to r 3 early on the morning of August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, the wind was blowing people’s u 4 away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon f 5 of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is s 6 for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto the rocks. The airport closed. No p 7 were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all lights went out. No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad w 8 . It was reported that Typhoon Rose k 9 more than one hundred people. Hundreds of people were injured and many of them had to go to hospital. Thousands of people l 10 their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! 【答案】 1. beautiful/eautiful 2. worst/orst 3. rain/ain 4. umbrellas/mbrellas 5. full/ull 6. safer/safe/afer/afe 7. planes/lanes 8. weather/eather 9. killed/illed 10. lost/ost 【导语】本文主要讲述了1971年台风“露丝”袭击中国香港时的破坏性影响。 1. 句意：有时它们有着非常美丽的名字。结合下文“Rose is a pretty name”和首字母提示可知，此处指美丽的名字，空后是名词names，空处应是形容词beautiful，作定语。故填beautiful。 2. 句意：这是袭击中国香港最严重的台风之一。根据“...but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was one of the...typhoons to hit Hong Kong, China.”和首字母提示可知，台风“露丝”是袭击香港的最严重的台风之一，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定搭配，表示“最……之一”，空处应是worst“最糟的，最严重的”。故填worst。 3. 句意：1971年8月16日清晨，天开始下雨了。根据“It began to...early on the morning of August 16th, 1971.”和常识可知，台风常常伴随着下雨，rain“下雨”，begin to do“开始做某事”是固定搭配，空处是动词原形。故填rain。 4. 句意：早上十点钟，风把人们的伞吹走了。根据“the wind was blowing people’s...away”和首字母提示可知，风很大，把雨伞都吹走了，umbrella“雨伞”，用其复数形式表泛指。故填umbrellas。 5. 句意：避风港很快就挤满了船只。根据“The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon...of boats.”和首字母提示可知，风越来越大，很多船都聚集在避风港，be full of“充满”是固定短语，符合语境。故填full。 6. 句意：在台风天气里，大型船只在海上是（更）安全的，因为这样它们就不会被吹到礁石上。根据“It is...for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto the rocks.”和首字母提示可知，台风天气之下，大型船只在海上反而不会被吹到礁石上，那样才是安全的（那样才更安全），safe/safer均符合语境，作表语。故填safer/safe。 7. 句意：没有飞机能够起飞或降落。根据上文“The airport closed.”可知，机场都关闭了，所以没有飞机能够起飞或降落，plane“飞机”，结合“were”可知，空处应是复数形式。故填planes。 8. 句意：在这样恶劣的天气里，很难入睡。上文提到台风，那属于恶劣天气，weather“天气”，是不可数名词。故填weather。 9. 句意：据报道，台风“露丝”导致一百多人死亡。根据“It was reported that Typhoon Rose...more than one hundred people.”和首字母提示可知，此处指台风致人死亡，kill“杀死，导致死亡”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填killed。 10. 句意：数千人失去了家园。根据“Thousands of people...their homes.”和首字母提示可知，台风导致很多人失去了家园，lose“失去”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填lost。 Passage 14 Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage (破坏) to people’s lives. Last year, an e 1 happened in a small village near the mountains. At first, people heard a strange noise and felt the ground shake. Some were so s 2 that they still stayed in their houses without moving. However, others ran s 3 to the open ground to keep safe. Thick smoke rose from the falling houses, and some stones fell from the mountains. A bus driver stopped his bus to help the villagers, and his brave b 4 made everyone feel warm. Nowadays, we can learn about d 5 via the Internet and make progress in how to protect ourselves. It’s our responsibility to care for each other, not to s 6 wrong news or cause a mess. We should be honest and not be c 7 in safety training. Everyone, as a citizen, has the duty to know b 8 safety rules. If you see someone in danger, don’t just guess or stand by—call for help at once. Technology also helps us prepare for disasters. We can use smartphone apps to get urgent warnings, and digital tools to plan rescue work (营救工作). Although these inventions bring great a 9 , we should not rely on (依靠) them forever. The best way is to be aware of r 10 and keep the spirit of helping each other alive. 【答案】 1. earthquake/arthquake 2. scared/cared 3. swiftly/wiftly 4. behavior/ehavior 5. disasters/isasters 6. spread/pread 7. careless/areless 8. basic/asic 9. advantages/dvantages 10. risks/isks 【导语】本文介绍了自然灾害的突发性与危害，以山区村庄的灾害事件为例，说明人们面对灾害的不同反应，同时强调应学习防灾知识、承担互助责任，合理利用科技防灾，并保持警惕与互助精神。 1. 句意：去年，在山区附近的一个小村庄发生了一场地震。根据上文“Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage to people’s lives.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是地震，英文表达为earthquake，空前有不定冠词an修饰，因此用单数形式。故填earthquake。 2. 句意：有些人非常害怕，仍然呆在房子里一动不动。根据下文“they still stayed in their houses without moving”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示害怕的，英文表达为scared，形容词作表语。故填scared。 3. 句意：然而，其他人则迅速跑到空地上以确保安全。根据下文“to the open ground to keep safe”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示迅速地跑到空地上，修饰动词ran用副词swiftly“迅速地”。故填swiftly。 4. 句意：一位公交车司机停下车来帮助村民，他的勇敢行为让每个人都感到温暖。根据上文“A bus driver stopped his bus to help the villagers”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示他的勇敢行为，英文表达为behavior，此处用单数形式。故填behavior。 5. 句意：如今，我们可以通过互联网了解灾难，并在如何保护自己方面取得进步。根据上文“Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage to people’s lives.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示了解灾难，英文表达为disaster，此处用复数形式disasters表示泛指。故填disasters。 6. 句意：关心彼此是我们的责任，而不是传播错误消息或制造混乱。根据下文“wrong news or cause a mess”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示传播错误消息，英文表达为spread，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填spread。 7. 句意：我们应该诚实，在安全训练中不要粗心。根据上文“We should be honest”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示不要粗心，英文表达为careless，形容词作表语。故填careless。 8. 句意：每个人，作为公民，都有责任了解基本的安全规则。根据“safety rules”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示基本的安全规则，英文表达为basic，形容词作定语修饰名词。故填basic。 9. 句意：尽管这些发明带来了巨大的便利，但我们不应该永远依赖它们。根据上文“We can use smartphone apps to get urgent warnings, and digital tools to plan rescue work.”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示这些发明带来了巨大的便利，英文表达为advantage，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填advantages。 10. 句意：最好的方法是意识到风险，保持互相帮助的精神。根据上文“The best way is to be aware of”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示意识到风险，英文表达为risk，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填risks。 Passage 15 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。 How can we students keep ourselves safe? Here are some w 1 . On your way home or to school: Wait for the green traffic light, and look left and right before you c 2 the road. If you see a car coming, don’t cross it until it is really safe. Dress bright colours, so the drivers can see you c 3 . At school: When students around you begin to push, try to hold onto something, or stay in a safer comer. If you fall down in a crowded (拥挤的) place, cover you head with b 4 hands. When there is a fire: Stay calm and leave q 5 . Use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you won’t take in s 6 . If your clothes catch fire, please drop to the ground and roll from side to side to put out the fire. For eating: Wash fruit like apples carefully. Make s 7 that they are clean enough to eat. Check the expiration dates (保质期) and i 8 your food looks or smells terrible, don’t eat it. For riding on the escalator (自动扶梯): Hold onto the handrails. It’s d 9 to run up and down on it. You may f 10 down because escalator steps are not fit for running. 【答案】 1. (w)ays 2. (c)ross 3. (c)learly 4. (b)oth 5. (q)uickly 6. (s)moke 7. (s)ure 8. (i)f 9. (d)angerous 10. (f)all 【导语】本文主要讲述的是作为学生，我们应该如何在生活中保护自己。文章在放学、上学路上、在学校里、着火时、饮食方面和乘自动扶梯时等五个方面给我们提出了一些保证安全的小提示。 1. 句意：这是一些方法。根据“How can we students keep ourselves safe?”可知，此处指的是保持安全的方法，结合首字母，应填way，且根据“Here are some…”可知，应用复数名词形式ways。故填(w)ays。 2. 句意：你过马路之前要等待交通灯变绿，并先向左右看。根据“before you…the road”可知，此处指过马路，动词“cross穿过”符合题意，且此句是一般现在时，主语you是非单三形式，所以，应用cross的原形。故填(c)ross。 3. 句意：要穿亮色的衣服，这样司机就能够看清你。根据句意可知穿亮色衣服是为了被司机“看清”，此处空格修饰动词see，所以用副词clearly。故填(c)learly。 4. 句意：如果你在拥挤的地方摔倒，要用双手护住头。根据“cover your head with…hands”可知，因为人有两只手，修饰复数名词hands，故此处为both，both意为“两者都”，符合题意。故填(b)oth。 5. 句意：当发生火灾时：保持冷静并迅速离开。根据“Stay calm and leave…”可知，此处指保持冷静，迅速地离开，所以，副词quickly修饰动词leave。故填(q)uickly。 6. 句意：用一片湿布捂住你的嘴和鼻子，这样你就不会吸入烟尘。根据题意可知，这里说的是有火的地方如何保护自己，应用湿布保护口鼻，目的是不吸入烟尘，结合首字母应是smoke。故填(s)moke。 7. 句意：确保它们足够干净可以食用。根据“Make…that they are clean enough to eat.”可知，此处为确保干净，make sure“确保”，固定短语。故填(s)ure。 8. 句意：检查保质期，而且如果你的食物看上去或闻起来不好，就不要吃了。根据句意可知，此句是if引导的条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填(i)f。 9. 句意：在自动扶梯上跑上跑下是危险的。根据下一句“You may… down because escalator steps are not fit for running.”和首字母可知，你可能会因为自动扶梯的台阶不适合跑步而摔倒，因此是危险的，形容词“dangerous”符合题意。故填(d)angerous。 10. 句意：你可能会因为自动扶梯的台阶不适合跑步而摔倒。根据“You may… down because escalator steps are not fit for running.”和首字母可知，你可能会因为自动扶梯的台阶不适合跑步而摔倒，此处指“fall摔倒”，符合题意，且情态动词may后接动词原形。故填(f)all。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元话题·梯度训练 专题J884 单词默写（首字母） 单元话题中心 题型特训 Unit 8 Safe and sound 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内 容 提 要 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 – 10 二、 进阶提升 Passage 11 -15 Passage 1 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整 It is very important for us to live and work safely. In China, safety education(安全教育) is b 1 more and more important now. Students had better learn to keep t 2 safe. Stampedes(踩踏) and fires are the m 3 accidents. Maybe students usually meet these accidents. How can we protect ourselves f 4 the accidents? A stampede always h 5 in crowded places. When students around you begin to push(推), just stand there and try to hold on to something. If you f 6 down, move to one side and protect your head with your two hands around it. When there’s a fire, try to leave the building as q 7 as possible. It is better to cover your mouth and n 8 with something wet. If you don’t do like this, the fire and smoke may h 9 you easily. Remember, the most important thing is to stay c 10 in a fire. Passage 2 There are many things that you should be c 1 with when you are alone at home. Read the following solutions(解决方法) to p 2 yourself. K 3 the door locked when you are alone at home. Many people think it’s the best way to protect(保护) themselves. Keep a list of p 4 numbers to call for help s 5 as 110, the police station of a neighbor’s number. Be careful with the electrical appliances（电器）. If don’t know h 6 to use them, ask your parents. Make a safety check b 7 going to sleep. Look t 8 the keyhole when you hear the doorbell. If there are strangers, ask “Who’s that?” with the door locked and say “Come back later.” D 9 tell them that your parents are away. Say “Mum’s h 10 a shower.” or “Dad’s having a sleep.” Passage 3 Gun (鲧) was the leader of a tribe (部落). He loved his people and always tried his b 1 to protect them. Once, a big flood (洪水) came and destroyed everything. Since he was the leader, Gun went to fight the flood. He tried to stop the water by b 2 a dam (大坝). But there weren’t enough stones and soil to use. After knowing that Tiandi had some magic soil c 3 xirang (息壤), which could grow by i 4 and become very hard in the water, Gun decided to steal it. With the h 5 of a bird and a turtle, he went to the place where Tiandi lived and stole some xirang. Gun then built a big dam and successfully stopped the flood. However, Tiandi found out and he was very a 6 . He sent Zhurong to c 7 Gun. The two had a big fight and Zhurong killed Gun. Zhurong tied the body of Gun to a stone on a mountain. Three years later, someone told Tiandi that Gun’s spirit was still alive in the body. Zhurong came to the mountain again and cut Gun’s body open. Gun w 8 up and a small dragon came out. The dragon was Gun’s child. He had turned his spirit into this dragon inside his body. The small dragon is called Dayu. Years later, there were m 9 floods. Dayu took over from his father and became an expert (专家) in f 10 floods. Passage 4 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the land and the ocean are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes may happen when two plates m 8 against each other. Some parts of the earth s 9 , like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will take place, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. Passage 5 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 Last year, my class went on a skiing trip to the mountain. We had already been to the wonderful place the year before, so it was the s 1 time for us to be there. And it became a great experience. We believed that this time would be more fantastic than b 2 . When we a 3 there the day before, it snowed h 4 . And there were terrible storms. Storms are one of the worst disasters and they affect humans’ a 5 heavily. At breakfast the next day, we were told not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we d 6 to go anyway. When we got to the top of the mountain, it started snowing again. The hotel gave u 7 some sandwiches, so we ate them while waiting for the weather to improve. It didn’t get fine and soon we were really scared. L 8 , I put my cell phone in my bag before l 9 the hotel. I called the emergency services. And they sent a helicopter (直升机) to s 10 us. What a disaster! Next year I will go to a warm island. Passage 6 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 How can we students keep ourselves safe? Here are some t 1 . On your way home or to school: W 2 for the green traffic light and look left and right before you cross the road. If you see a car coming, don’t cross until it is really safe. Dress in bright colours, so the drivers can see you c 3 . At school: When students around you begin to push, try to hold onto something, or stay in a safer corner. If you fall down in a crowded (拥挤的) place, cover your head with b 4 hands. When there’s a f 5 : Stay calm and leave quickly. Use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t take in (吸入) s 6 . If your clothes catch fire, please drop to the ground and roll from side to side to put out the fire. For eating: Wash fruit like apples or g 7 carefully before you eat them. Check the expiration dates (保质期) and if your food looks or smells t 8 , don’t eat it. For riding on the escalator (自动扶梯): Hold onto the handrails (扶手). It is d 9 to run up and down on them. You may f 10 down because escalator steps (台阶) are not fit for running. Passage 7 Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very s 1 . Many people are hurt or even d 2 in the earthquakes. Knowing some ways to protect y 3 will help to keep you safe in the earthquake. If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is s 4 than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to c 5 your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or a 6 that may fall on you. Do not try to run out of the building. If you are outdoors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The d 7 is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks a 8 most earthquakes. We call them aftershocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need h 9 . You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay c 10 . That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake. Passage 8 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Bears are considered as one of the most dangerous large predators (捕食性动物). It’s reported that recently a woman in Yunnan was attacked (袭击) by an Asiatic black bear in the mountains when she was s 1 for bamboo shoots. Between 1950 and 2019, 765 people died b 2 of Asiatic black bears. As a result, humans are afraid of them a lot. H 3 , bears, including the most dangerous black bears, do not often attack people. Most attacks by bears are defensive reactions (防御反应) to a person who is too close. An attack can also h 4 when people scare baby bears from a short distance (距离). When black bears are taking care of their b 5 , mother bears can get ready to attack anytime. Moreover, people may find that bears and humans are more likely to meet in recent years. Bears look for f 6 near villages, and this makes more meetings with humans which may bring harm or death. So, what should you do when there’s a bear right in front of you? Play dead? It may w 7 , for the bear may not think you are dangerous. But there are better ways. If you see a bear b 8 it notices you, don’t get closer or keep watching it. Just walk away q 9 in the other direction. If a bear sees you first, don’t run—it might chase you. I 10 , move back slowly in the opposite direction and wait for the bear to go away. Passage 9 短文填空。（共10小题； 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，并将完整单词填在答题卡的相应位置。 What you are going to do if you are in a burning house? Do you know how to save y 1 ? Please read the following passage. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It’s important to know the right w 2 to escape(逃脱), such as exits and stairways, but not lifts. On the lower floors of buildings, escaping from the windows is p 3 . Leaving from windows may get the least chance of being hurt. When you are on the second floor, it’s usually not high from the ground. It’s about the height of an adult. It’s s 4 to jump out of the house than to stay in it. It’s important to protect yourself when you’re w 5 for help. Be sure to keep the door c 6 . If you don’t do that, smoke may come into the room e 7 It’s harmful to you. In that condition(状况), you’d better keep your head low to m 8 sure that you can breathe fresh air rather than smoke. If you are on high floors, you can go u 9 till the roof. You can try your best to attract(吸引) people’s attention. Don’t shout all the time b 10 you need to save energy and wait for rescue(救援). Passage 10 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 As parents, you can help children deal with the fear of natural disasters and help protect them from being hurt by t 1 them how disasters happen, and what to do when disasters happen. Here are some tips for you: ◆F 2 out what disasters are possible in your area by visiting your local library; ◆Think about w 3 your family should go if your house is destroyed; ◆Teach children the warning s 4 and signals in your area and practise what to do if a disaster happens. ◆Once you know the danger, ask your children to help check the s 5 in your house. You and your children can also work together on a disaster plan and p 6 a disaster box with food, water and necessary tools. ◆If a disaster does happen, pay a 7 to your children’s behaviour. Changes in behaviour, for example, acting strangely, m 8 that your children need help. ◆Allow children to share their f 9 about what has happened such as drawing a picture or writing a story. ◆Let friends and neighbours help you i 10 they can. Passage 11 On October 30, the farm of a family in the village of Grüsch, Switzerland, burnt down. These buildings were about 300 years old. Unluckily, the family lost them b 1 of the fire. The next morning at the local public school, students were s 2 after hearing the terrible news. They decided to h 3 the family. Robin Egger, a head teacher at the school, and another teacher also wanted to work with the students to help the family. “Usually, the students make Christmas c 4 and sell them in town to make money. Then the money is used for their end-of-school trip,” Egger said. “However, the students didn’t s 5 the money on the school trip this time. They gave away all the money to the family that lost e 6 in the fire.” Egger and these students also went to local companies and a 7 for help. Luckily, a media company Somedia would like to help. It a 8 donated (捐赠) much money to the family. W 9 the help of the teachers, the students and the company, the family started to rebuild their houses and buildings. Now the family who lost their h 10 and farm in the fire are doing “much better”. Passage 12 Humans can’t stop natural disasters because we can’t stop the power of n 1 . For example, a flood comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a b 2 rainstorm at sea. Then too much seawater comes onto the land. A fast m 3 flood can hurt us. It can also hurt our homes. We can’t stop the water from coming, but we can t 4 to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don’t. An earthquake h 5 where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land s 6 . We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can s 7 fires. We can’t stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to p 8 them from falling down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is fast a 9 that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast-moving wind and rain. It b 10 at sea and can come onto land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes. We can’t stop the power of nature, but we can go to safe places. Passage 13 根据首字母提示完成短文。 Most typhoons in the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very b 1 names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was one of the w 2 typhoons to hit Hong Kong, China. It began to r 3 early on the morning of August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, the wind was blowing people’s u 4 away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon f 5 of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is s 6 for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto the rocks. The airport closed. No p 7 were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all lights went out. No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad w 8 . It was reported that Typhoon Rose k 9 more than one hundred people. Hundreds of people were injured and many of them had to go to hospital. Thousands of people l 10 their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! Passage 14 Natural disasters can happen suddenly and bring great damage (破坏) to people’s lives. Last year, an e 1 happened in a small village near the mountains. At first, people heard a strange noise and felt the ground shake. Some were so s 2 that they still stayed in their houses without moving. However, others ran s 3 to the open ground to keep safe. Thick smoke rose from the falling houses, and some stones fell from the mountains. A bus driver stopped his bus to help the villagers, and his brave b 4 made everyone feel warm. Nowadays, we can learn about d 5 via the Internet and make progress in how to protect ourselves. It’s our responsibility to care for each other, not to s 6 wrong news or cause a mess. We should be honest and not be c 7 in safety training. Everyone, as a citizen, has the duty to know b 8 safety rules. If you see someone in danger, don’t just guess or stand by—call for help at once. Technology also helps us prepare for disasters. We can use smartphone apps to get urgent warnings, and digital tools to plan rescue work (营救工作). Although these inventions bring great a 9 , we should not rely on (依靠) them forever. The best way is to be aware of r 10 and keep the spirit of helping each other alive. Passage 15 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。 How can we students keep ourselves safe? Here are some w 1 . On your way home or to school: Wait for the green traffic light, and look left and right before you c 2 the road. If you see a car coming, don’t cross it until it is really safe. Dress bright colours, so the drivers can see you c 3 . At school: When students around you begin to push, try to hold onto something, or stay in a safer comer. If you fall down in a crowded (拥挤的) place, cover you head with b 4 hands. When there is a fire: Stay calm and leave q 5 . Use a piece of wet cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you won’t take in s 6 . If your clothes catch fire, please drop to the ground and roll from side to side to put out the fire. For eating: Wash fruit like apples carefully. Make s 7 that they are clean enough to eat. Check the expiration dates (保质期) and i 8 your food looks or smells terrible, don’t eat it. For riding on the escalator (自动扶梯): Hold onto the handrails. It’s d 9 to run up and down on it. You may f 10 down because escalator steps are not fit for running. 7 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $