学霸学习方案一-【快乐假期】2025-2026学年高二英语寒假作业

=0022 学霸学习) [基础知识一写与背] I.单词分类记 一、单词识记 1. adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2. adj.必不可少的；极其重要的 3. t.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 v.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 4 t.承认（属实、权威等）；（公 开)感谢 5 i.&vt.坚持；坚决要求 6. adu.主要地；一般地 7. n.(pl.geniuses),天才；天资；天赋 8. t.偶然碰到；遇到n.邂逅；遭遇 9 n.理论；学说 10. n.目标；目的adj.客观的 二、单词拓展 wt.承诺；保证wi.忠于（某个人、 机构等)；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）→ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 2 adw.显而易见；看来；显然→ adi.显而易见的；表面上的 n.结论；推论 i.&vt.推断；得出结论；（使）结束 n.（长篇)小说adi.新颖的；与众 不同的> n.小说家 adv.逐渐地；逐步地→ adj.逐渐的；平缓的 6 t.评价；评估→ n.评 价；评估 Ⅱ.短语双向记 1. 承诺；保证（做某事、 遵守协议或安排等) 2 坚决要求 3. (开始)掌权；上台 4. 拿起，从事 5.sum up 6.wear and tear 7.graduate from 8.put forward Ⅲ.经典句式记 1.It strikes/hits sb.that..某人突然想 起… that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. 令他吃惊的是，照片中的其他中国男子显 然并不关心他们的同胞发生了什么事。 高二英语恐 案一 2.not..but..不是…而是… From this,he concluded that the crucial problem in China was physical ill- ness, the spiritual illness of peo- ple at that time. 由此他得出结论：那时，在中国，至关重要的问 题不是人们身体上的疾病，而是精神上的疾病。 3.as though(if)引导的状语从句 He had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end as though he 他有着浓密的髭须和白色长发，有时头发会 直立起来，好像他刚刚受过电击一样。 [基础技能一练与悟] I.单词拼写 1.The article examines how the special (特征)of plastic can cause environ- mental problems. 2.Knowledge has become a (关键性 factor in the progress of a country. 3.Water is (必不可少的)to keep every living thing alive. 4.Present at the meeting were 200 people from all walks of life,who were (主 要地)advanced workers. 5.When the police hit the shore,the attacker (逃跑)into the jungle, 6.You need to sit down and (分析) why you feel so upset. 7.We've made (非凡的)progress as a society in recent years. 8.The outline of the ship became more (清晰的). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.Lack of sleep can result in attention disor- ders and poor (academy)per- formance. 2.He made a very thorough (ana- lyse)on the situation. 3.We've come to the (conclude) that we must push ahead with our plans to go on travelling. 4.They are committed to developing a new (evaluate)system. 飞受快乐限期 (science)management promotes production. 6.Electricity lines to 30,000 homes were (gradual)being restored yesterday. Ⅲ，选择合适的短语并用其适当形式填空 commit oneself to;lead to;make great contribu- tions to;pass away;come to power;take up 1.He left to a new position in another company. 2.When Jin Yong there were many fans on social media expressing their sadness over his death. 3.After Mandela his gov- ernment tried its best to improve blacks' education. 4.He was a devoted teacher and the education of the children. 5.The problem,unless handled properly, may misunderstanding between the two sides. 6.The prize will be awarded to those who have the world's peace. Ⅳ.基础语法练（非限制性定语从句） 用适当的关系词填空 1.It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have been 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cotta- ges. 2.Our guide, comes from France,is an excellent cook. 3.Soon children in the camp had many friends, with they shared food and stories. 4.The weather turned out to be fine, was more than we could expect. 5.When she graduated from college,she went to Shanghai, she made great pro- gress and became a manager in a company. [素养提升一感与知] 阅读理解 [A]话题：“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华 Huang Xuhua,born in 1926 in Guang- dong Province,is known as "the Father of China's Nuclear Submarines."His pioneering work in the 1960s and 1970s helped lay the foundation for China's nuclear submarine( 潜艇)program,which played a key role in the country's defense strategy during a time of intense global pressure. In 1958,Mr.Huang was appointed as the chief designer for China's first nuclear submarine project.At that time,China lacked the necessary technology and resources to construct such ad- vanced submarines,and due to international isola- 900= tion,the team had to rely solely on domestic inno- vation.Despite these significant challenges,Mr. Huang accepted the mission with determination, driven by the need to safeguard China's maritime sovereignty（主权)and strengthen its strategic defenses.One of the greatest challenges was de- veloping a compact nuclear reactor capable of pow- ering a submarine.With limited expertise in nucle- ar physics and engineering,Mr.Huang and his team worked tirelessly to design an efficient and reliable reactor,demonstrating his creativity and leadership skills. After over a decade of hard work,Huang's team achieved a historic breakthrough in 1970 by launching China's first nuclear-powered subma- rine,the Type 091(Han-class).This meant Chi- na became one of the few countries able to build nuclear submarines.Soon after,they developed the Type 092 (Xia-class),China's first ballistic missile submarine,which boosted the country's nuclear defense. Huang's contributions went beyond tech- nology.His leadership inspired a generation of Chinese scientists and engineers to focus on self- reliance and innovation.Despite the heavy pres- sure and secrecy surrounding his work,Huang stayed committed to the project,often sacrificing personal comforts for its success.In recognition of his achievements,Huang has received many awards,including the Supreme State Science and Technology Award,China's highest honor for scientific achievements. 1.What was one of the biggest difficulties in the nuclear submarine project? A.Designing the shape of the submarine. B.Training enough sailors for the subma- rine. C.Finding a suitable place to build the sub- marine. D.Developing a compact nuclear reactor for the submarine. 2.How did Huang's team overcome nuclear expertise limits for the reactor? A.By inviting foreign experts to assist. B.By conducting continuous research and innovation with great effort. C.By giving up on some difficult aspects of the design. D.By using old-fashioned but reliable engi- neering methods. 3.Why was the development of the Type 092 ballistic missile submarine important? A.It was the first submarine ever built in China. B.It was used for scientific research in the ocean. 三022 C.It remarkably enhanced China's nuclear defense strength. D.It was sold to other countries,bringing economic benefits. 4.Which of the following can NOT describe Huang Xuhua? A.Inattentive and compassionate. B.Devoted and patriotic. C.Dedicated and inspiring. D.Passionate and persistent. [B]话题：Huxley的生平事迹 Born in London in 1825,Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century.In 1846,Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed an assistant doctor aboard HMS Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his bio- logical career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much informa- tion on plankton(浮游生物). On his return from the voyage,Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish pa- pers about plankton,his interest was turning towards vertebrate(有脊椎的)animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved(进化)，one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward,but in 1859 Darwin's The Origin of Species appeared.Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the working hypothesis(假说)we sought.. For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recogni- tion of Darwin's work.In 1863,Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Na- ture in which he compared man and great apes ()He clearly showed similarities. Despite his many achievements,he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870,Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selec- ting“type animals”is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology. 高二英语遗) 5.Why did Huxley go on the voyage? A.To explore the deep sea. B.To do research on sea animals. C.To work as a doctor on the ship. D.To gather information for his paper. 6.How did Huxley react to the theory of nat- ural selection? A.He had doubt about it. B.He thought highly of it. C.He couldn't understand it. D.He thought he developed it first. 7.What do we know about Huxley's book Man's Place in Nature？ A.It discusses the importance of human beings. B.It focuses on Darwin's theory of natural selection. C.It talks about the differences between man and apes. D.It provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes. 8.What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph？ A.He contributed a lot to biology teaching. B.He continued his research till his death. C.He became a good novelist late in his life. D.He never got awards for his achieve- ments. [文化广角一拓视野] Chinese Knot(中国结) The Chinese knot is a decorative handicraft art that began as a form of Chinese folk art,symbolizing good luck and prosperity.One ma- jor characteristic of Chinese knots is that all the knots are tied using one thread.They can come in a va- riety of colours such as gold,green,blue or black,though the most commonly used col- our is red.There are many different shapes of Chinese knots,such as butterflies,flowers, birds,fish and so on. 中国结是一种装饰性的手工艺品，是一种 中国民间艺术形式，象征着好运和繁荣。中国 结最明显的一个特征就是从头到尾用一根线 编织而成。材料是各种颜色的线，如金色、绿 色、蓝色或黑色，但大都用红线编织。中国结 形态各异，有蝴蝶、花、鸟、鱼等。三-0022 参考 学霸学习方案一 基础知识一写与背 I.-1.crucial 2.vital 3.obtain 4.acknowl- edge 5.insist 6.mostly 7.genius 8.encounter 9.theory 10.objective 1.commit;committed 2.apparently;apparent 3.conclusion;conclude 4.novel;novelist 5.gradu- ally;gradual 6.evaluate;evaluation II.1.commit oneself to do 2.insist on 3.come to power4.take up5.总结；概括6.（正常使用造 成的)磨损；损耗7.毕业于8.提出 IlI.1.It struck him 2.not;but 3.had just received an electric shock 基础技能一练与悟 I.1.properties 2.crucial 3.vital 4.mostly 5.fled 6.analyse 7.extraordinary 8.distinct II.1.academic 2.analysis 3.conclusion 4.evaluation 5.Scientific 6.gradually III.1.take up 2.passed away 3.came to power 4.committed himself to 5.lead to 6.made great contributions to IV.1.which 2.who 3.whom 4.which 5.where 素养提升—感与知 A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 “中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的事迹。 l.D[细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the grea test challenges was developing a compact nuclear reactor capable of powering a submarine..(最大的 挑战之一是开发一种能够为潜艇提供动力的紧凑 型核反应堆。)”可知，在核潜艇项目中最大的困难 之一是为潜艇开发紧凑型核反应堆。] 2.B[细节理解题。根据第二段“With limited ex- pertise in nuclear physics and engineering,Mr. Huang and his team worked tirelessly to design an efficient and reliable reactor,demonstrating his creativity and leadership skills..（由于在核物理和 工程方面的专业知识有限，黄先生和他的团队不知 疲倦地努力设计出一个高效且可靠的反应堆，展示 了他的创造力和领导才能。)”可知，黄的团队是通 过付出巨大努力进行持续的研究和创新来克服在 反应堆核专业知识方面的限制的。] 3.C[细节理解题。根据第三段“Soon after,they developed the Type 092(Xia-class),China's first ballistic missile submarine,which boosted the country's nuclear defense..(不久之后，他们研制出 了092型（夏级），中国第一艘弹道导弹潜艇，这增 强了国家的核防御能力。)”可知，092型弹道导弹 潜艇的开发之所以重要是因为它显著地增强了中 国的核防御力量。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据第四段“Despite the heavy pressure and secrecy surrounding his work,Huang stayed committed to the project,often sacrificing personal comforts for its success.(尽管他的工作 面临着巨大的压力和保密性，黄仍然致力于这个项 目，经常为了项目的成功牺牲个人的舒适。)体现了 他的奉献(devoted)、专注(dedicated)和坚持不懈 (persistent);His leadership inspired a generation 富二英语恐 答案 of Chinese scientists and engineers to focus on self-reliance and innovation.(他的领导激励了一代 中国科学家和工程师专注于自力更生和创新。)”以 及全文对黄旭华事迹的描述可知，他是敬业、爱国、 专注且鼓舞人心、充满激情和坚持不懈的。A选项 （粗心大意且富有同情心的。)，文章中体现不出他 粗心大意，该选项不能描述黄旭华；故选A。 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇人物介绍类记叙文，讲述 了Thomas Henry Huxley的生平事迹。 5.C[细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“In1846, Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed an assistant doctor aboard HMS Rattlesnake.”可知Huxley航 海是因为他在船上当医生。] 6.B[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the working hy- pothesis(假说)we sought.”可知，Huxley对自然选择 理论评价很高。] 7.D[细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“In 1863,Thomas Henry Huxley published Man's Place in Nature in which he compared man and great apes().He clearly showed similarities." 可知，Thomas Henry Huxley的书《人类在自然 界的位置》为人类从类人猿进化而来提供了 证据。 8.A[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知他一直对教 育感兴趣并且在生物教学方面起了开拓作用。] 学霸学习方案二 基础知识一写与背 I.一、l.persuade2.remote3.routine4.com- mand 5.obey 6.warning 7.constant 8.rele- vant 9.fantasy 10.available 1.distance;distant 2.efficiency;efficient 3.prefer;preference 4.instant;instantly 5.poten- tial;potentially 6.predict;prediction 7.occupy; occupation 8.absence;absent II.1.switch off/on 2.early on 3.catch fire 4.in this sense(in..sense)5.与…保持联系6.导 致，通向7.不再8.另外，此外 II.1.the instant you enter the door 2.take some years before 3.It is possible that 基础技能—练与悟 I.1.instant 2.command 3.warning 4.constant 5.relevant 6.available 7.structure 8.advocate 9.efficient 10.prospect II.1.persuading 2.distance 3.efficient 4.in- stantly 5.potentially 6.preference 7.to hand 8.occupation II.1.switch off 2.in the distance 3.is relevant to 4.caught fire 5.have a preference for 6.the in- stant 7.benefit from 8.Keeping in touch with IV.1.will be attending 2.will be flying 3.will be sleeping 4.will be doing 5.will be sitting 6.will be doing