精品解析：河南省鹤壁市高中2025-2026学年高三上学期规范化考试英语试卷（一）

2026届上学期规范化考试英语试卷（一）（A卷） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题：每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A About 6 months ago, I joined a gym. Every morning, there is one personal trainer there that works out at the same time that my little group does its workout. He does his “routine” with such a quiet determination that he makes it all look very easy. When I am tempted to quit, I watch him push himself to his limit, and I find myself motivated to work as hard and without complaint (抱怨). A couple of weeks ago, I was watching him do chin-ups (引体向上). I went over and asked if I could have a try. He said yes, and as I struggled to pull myself up he stood there motivating me the whole time. I only managed two but I felt strong and smiled from ear to ear. The next day when I was done my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did two. Again on day three and so on. I came to the gym at the end of the week, he was standing there just shaking his head. When I asked him what was up, he said he was impressed. He told me that when they are training firefighters, the men are required to do five chin-ups, and women are required to do one or two. He explained that most people can’t do them at all. The moral of this story is that by taking a leap of faith and giving it a try, I was able to achieve it! I didn’t see it as a great accomplishment (成就), because I didn’t realize that it was difficult and it became my goal to get stronger. No one told me I couldn’t do it; in fact, I was encouraged to try. Had he told me initially how difficult it was, I more than likely would not have tried at all. Or I might have tried, but given it only half an effort. I applaud him for letting me believe that for me, it was not only a possibility, but that success was a realistic expectation. 1. What inspired the author to attempt chin-ups? A. Her determination to test her limits. B. Her gym group’s encouragement. C. The personal trainer’s consistent workout routine. D. The feeling of strength after her workout. 2 What did the personal trainer do while the author was doing chin-ups? A. He provided motivation and encouragement. B. He stood by and watched her silently. C. He demonstrated useful techniques. D. He offered constructive tips for improvement. 3. Why did the personal trainer mention firefighters? A. To compare the standard for their fitness levels. B. To highlight their dedication to training. C. To emphasize the importance of training. D. To motivate the author to continue practicing. 4. What does the author want to convey? A. Setting realistic goals is beneficial. B. It’s rewarding to try new things. C. Self-belief is a path to success. D. Regular exercise helps build self-confidence. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在健身房受到私人教练的激励，尝试做引体向上并最终取得进步的故事，传达了自我信念是通往成功的道路这一主题。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every morning, there is one personal trainer there that works out at the same time that my little group does its workout. He does his “routine” with such a quiet determination that he makes it all look very easy. When I am tempted to quit, I watch him push himself to his limit, and I find myself motivated to work as hard and without complaint (抱怨).(每天清晨，总有一位私人教练与我们小组同步训练。他完成那些“常规动作”时带着一种沉默的坚毅，举重若轻的姿态。每当我萌生退意，看着他不断突破自我极限的身影，我便不由自主地重拾斗志，继续挥汗如雨却毫无怨言)”和第二段中“A couple of weeks ago, I was watching him do chin-ups (引体向上). I went over and asked if I could have a try.(几周前的一个清晨，我见他正在练习引体向上，便上前询问能否一试)”可知，是私人教练一贯的锻炼习惯激励了作者去尝试引体向上。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I went over and asked if I could have a try. He said yes, and as I struggled to pull myself up he stood there motivating me the whole time.(我走过去问能不能试一试。他答应了，当我努力把自己拉起来时，他一直站在那里激励我)”可知，当作者做引体向上时，私人教练一直在给予作者激励和鼓励。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The next day when I was done my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did two. Again on day three and so on. I came to the gym at the end of the week, he was standing there just shaking his head. When I asked him what was up, he said he was impressed. He told me that when they are training firefighters, the men are required to do five chin-ups, and women are required to do one or two. He explained that most people can’t do them at all.(次日训练结束后，我再次请他指导。依然只能完成两个。第三天依旧如此。周末来到健身房时，只见他站在那里摇头。询问缘由，他说被我震撼了。他告诉我，在训练消防员的时候，男性被要求做5个引体向上，女性被要求做1到2个。他解释说，大多数人根本做不到)”可知，私人教练提到消防员的练习要求是为了激励作者继续练习。故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“The moral of this story is that by taking a leap of faith and giving it a try, I was able to achieve it! (这个故事的寓意是，通过满怀信心地尝试，我成功了！)”和“I applaud him for letting me believe that for me, it was not only a possibility, but that success was a realistic expectation.(我由衷钦佩他让我相信，这不仅是我可以企及的目标，更是触手可及的成就)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在健身房受到私人教练的激励，尝试做引体向上并最终取得进步的故事，作者通过自己的经历想要传达的是自我信念是通往成功的道路。故选C项。 B Forgetting things is a blessing, believe it or not. For proof, imagine a world where every detail you ever came across was carved indelibly in your mind. Every conversation you regret, every rejection you’ve ever felt, every time you stepped out with your zipper undone stands as clearly in your mind as what you had for breakfast last week as well as the moments that bring you the greatest joy. That is a world of utter chaos and suffering. We don’t need to stick to just our armchair-philosophizing, however. Thanks to the wonderful combinatory magic genetics pulls off at each birth, we’ve had a few individuals on Earth who are unable to forget anything. Solomon Shereshevsky, for instance, could memorize lists of arbitrary (任意的) numbers, words, and nonsense syllables with perfect recall, even decades later. At first glance, this sounds like a superpower. But Shereshevsky described it as exhausting, distracting, and emotionally unbearable. What most miss about forgetting is that it is not a design flaw (缺陷). It’s a feature. In fact, the ability to forget is fundamental to learning. It’s what gives us focus, highlights the signal through the noise, and lets the brain determine what matters most given the context we are in. Research suggests that forgetting is an active process involving brain regions like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which help us manage the inflow and outflow of information. Forgetting is not our memory failing on us as much as it is our memory being better used. And here is where we meet the concept of the forgetting curve (曲线). First described by Hermann Ebbinghaus in the late 19th century, the forgetting curve tracks how quickly we lose information over time without reinforcement (巩固). Within hours of learning something new, we begin to forget it. Rapidly at first, then more slowly over time. The key insight of those who have followed Ebbinghaus is that this curve is not fixed. On the contrary, it’s something we can reshape, a feature we can tune ourselves. 5. What does the underlined word “indelibly” in the first paragraph mean? A. Permanently. B. Violently. C. Chaotically. D. Effortlessly. 6. What did Shereshevsky think of his ability? A. A design flaw. B. A real blessing. C. A mental burden. D. A rare talent. 7. How does forgetting contribute to learning? A It prevents the flow of information. B. It pushes people to review regularly. C. It activates brain regions responsible for learning. D. It allows the brain to prioritize important information. 8. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph? A. Keep learning new things. B. Intervene in the forgetting process. C. Accept forgetting as a natural part of life. D. Explore a fixed pattern of the forgetting curve. 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过科学事实、案例分析和逻辑推理，论证了“遗忘是大脑的重要功能”这一观点，并鼓励读者正确看待遗忘现象并对其加以利用。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Forgetting things is a blessing, believe it or not.(别不信，遗忘事物其实是一种福气)”提到能够遗忘是一件幸事，划线词所在句子以及下文是提供支撑性证据，论证“遗忘是一件幸事”这一观点；结合下文“Every conversation you regret, every rejection you’ve ever felt, every time you stepped out with your zipper undone stands as clearly in your mind as what you had for breakfast last week as well as the moments that bring you the greatest joy. That is a world of utter chaos and suffering.(每一次让你懊悔的交谈，每一次你所经历的被拒绝的时刻，每一次你未系好拉链就出门的举动，都清晰地印刻在你的脑海中，就如同你上周早餐吃了什么一样，也包括那些给你带来最大快乐的时刻。那是一个充满混乱与痛苦的世界)”可知，此处是作者让读者想象一个所有遇到的细节都无法遗忘的世界、一切都永远被刻在脑海里的世界，那将是充满混乱和痛苦的世界。故划线词indelibly意思是“永久地”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“At first glance, this sounds like a superpower. But Shereshevsky described it as exhausting, distracting, and emotionally unbearable.(乍一看，这听起来像是某种超能力。但舍雷舍夫斯基却称其令人精疲力竭、分心不已，而且情绪上难以承受)”可知，谢雷舍夫斯基认为他的能力是一种精神负担。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s what gives us focus, highlights the signal through the noise, and lets the brain determine what matters most given the context we are in.(正是它让我们能够集中注意力，帮助我们从杂乱的信息中提取出关键信息，并让大脑根据我们所处的环境来确定哪些才是最重要的)”可知，遗忘能让大脑优先处理重要的信息。故选D项。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“On the contrary, it’s something we can reshape, a feature we can tune ourselves.(相反，这并非是无法改变的固定状态，而是我们能够加以调整、能够自行塑造的特性)”可知，作者建议读者参与遗忘过程。故选B项。 C During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.” In one study Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.” Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said. 9. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool. 10. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The classification of the popular. B. The characteristics of adolescents. C. The importance of interpersonal skills. D. The causes of dishonorable behavior. 11. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids? A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They tended to be more adaptable. C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They performed well academically. 12. What is the best title for the text? A. Be Nice—You Won’t Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the Better C. Be the Best—You Can Make It D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness 【答案】9. C 10. A 11. B 12. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了受欢迎度对青少年的影响。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.可知，在美好的小学时光里，作者喜欢分享她的娃娃和笑话，由此推断出，作者在早年的小学时期是一个慷慨的女孩。A. Unkind不友善的；B. Lonely寂寞的；C. Generous慷慨的；D. Cool冷静的。故选C。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.（临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对the likable 和the status seekers做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，讨人喜欢可以促使健全的调整）推断出，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，讨人喜欢的孩子适应性更强，故选B。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段，可知这篇文章主要讲了受欢迎度对青少年的影响，讨人喜欢对青少年成长都有深远的有益影响。与选项A“友善一点——你将不会排在最后（你不会完蛋/你会笑到最后）”一致，故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Temperatures are rising, and so are mental health risks Climate change is increasing heat waves, posing growing threats to health. Extreme heat is becoming a severe challenge across the U.S. and globally, with forecasts suggesting one of the next five years could be the hottest on record. ___13___ Even survivors may face long-term consequences. How does extreme heat affect the brain? ___14___ Dehydration (脱水) in high temperatures thickens blood, making it hard for the heart to supply enough oxygen to the brain. The brain, which uses 20% of the body’s energy, requires efficient heat release. In hot, damp conditions, sweating fails to cool the body, potentially causing heat exhaustion or a sudden serious illness, which can lead to nerve-related problems. Extreme heat also worsens mental health: conditions like depression and anxiety become worse. ___15___ Furthermore, the medicines used to treat the mental illness and sleeplessness also appear to increase mental health weakness to heat. ___16___ Those with existing mental health disorders are weakest. Older adults face accelerated serious mental illness that affects memory. Homeless individuals and outdoor workers such as farmers are particularly at risk, as they often lack access to cooling resources. Action is urgent. Most heat health plans ignore mental health. ___17___ These can include public awareness campaigns, such as warning people about the mental health risk of consuming alcohol or other drugs during heat waves. Other interventions include establishing community cooling shelters for heat emergencies and increasing monitoring of mental health patients during heat waves. Only through comprehensive strategies can we reduce the mental health impacts of extreme heat. A. Who is most at risk? B. The human body works best when at 37℃. C. How to identify those in danger during heat waves? D. It disturbs sleep, which further harms one’s ability to think. E. So mental health steps must be added to these heat response plans. F. Heat waves cause 1,300 U. S. deaths yearly from heat-related issues. G. Research is needed to better understand health outcomes of a warmer world. 【答案】13. F 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了气温上升与心理健康风险增加之间的关联，阐述了极端高温对大脑及心理健康的影响、易受影响的人群以及应对措施。 【13题详解】 上文“Extreme heat is becoming a severe challenge across the U.S. and globally, with forecasts suggesting one of the next five years could be the hottest on record. (极端高温正在成为美国乃至全球面临的严峻挑战，预测显示，未来五年中的某一年可能是有记录以来最热的一年)”提及极端高温带来严峻挑战，下文“Even survivors may face long-term consequences. (即使幸存者也可能面临长期后果)”提及幸存者也有长期影响，F项“热浪每年导致美国1300人死于与高温相关的问题”，承接上文极端高温的严重性，引出下文幸存者的情况。故选F。 【14题详解】 上文“How does extreme heat affect the brain? (极端高温是如何影响大脑的？)”提出极端高温如何影响大脑的问题，下文“Dehydration (脱水) in high temperatures thickens blood, making it hard for the heart to supply enough oxygen to the brain. (高温下脱水会使血液变稠，使心脏难以向大脑提供足够的氧气)”开始解释高温下身体的变化对大脑的影响，B项“人体在 37 度时工作状态最佳”是从人体适宜温度的角度出发，为后文解释高温影响大脑做铺垫。故选B。 【15题详解】 上文“Extreme heat also worsens mental health: conditions like depression and anxiety become worse. (极端高温还会使心理健康变差：抑郁和焦虑等疾病变得更糟)”说明极端高温会恶化心理健康，D项“它扰乱睡眠，进而进一步损害人的思考能力”是对极端高温影响心理健康的进一步阐述。故选D。 【16题详解】 下文“Those with existing mental health disorders are weakest. Older adults face accelerated serious mental illness that affects memory. Homeless individuals and outdoor workers such as farmers are particularly at risk... (那些已有心理健康障碍的人是最虚弱的。老年人面临越发严重的精神疾病，影响他们的记忆力。无家可归者和农民等户外工作者的风险尤其大……)”说明了存在心理健康问题的人、老年人、无家可归者和户外工作者等是易受影响的人群，A项“谁最容易受到影响？”能引出下文对高危人群的说明，符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“Action is urgent. Most heat health plans ignore mental health. (行动迫在眉睫。大多数高温健康计划都忽略了心理健康)”指出多数高温健康计划忽视心理健康，下文 “These can include public awareness campaigns... Other interventions include establishing community cooling shelters... (这些措施可以包括提高公众意识的活动……其他干预措施包括建立社区降温避难所……)”介绍了应对措施，E项“所以必须在这些高温应对计划中加入心理健康措施”承接上文计划的不足，引出下文具体措施。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lauren and Andrew Gruel, owners of a seafood restaurant, are used to thinking local. ____18____, they serve fresh seafood from nearby fishers, but this week, their restaurant has become a wildfire ____19____ center. Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and ____20____. The Gruels, heartbroken by the disaster, decided to help. They put the ____21____ out on social media that they would ____22____ donations for their neighbors up north. A stream of volunteers has shown up to the restaurant ____23____ to help. Some come armed with supplies; others are ____24____ with their trucks to transport the ____25____ to LA. Some of the biggest ____26____ right now for the hundreds of displaced Angelenos, many of whom have lost most of their belongings in the disaster, are socks, underwear and baby formula. But Lauren also thought about children who had lost everything. “Toys and coloring books would be ____27____,” she said. ____28____ collecting donations, the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire ____29____. “If you need to stay here, ____30____ a bite to eat, or figure out your next step, you’re more than ____31____ to just hang out here for a few while,” said Andrew. Volunteers like Alex Ordorica, a local resident, helped transport supplies. After his second trip to the center, he said, “Every box ____32____ isn’t just supplies — it’s a reminder that nobody’s alone in this.” 18. A. Globally B. Fortunately C. Normally D. Surprisingly 19. A. prevention B. rescue C. information D. research 20. A. jobs B. luggage C. lives D. responsibility 21. A. menu B. event C. word D. picture 22. A. earn B. house C. increase D. cancel 23 A. ready B. unable C. curious D. hesitant 24. A. calling up B. taking off C. trying out D. stopping by 25. A. medicine B. care C. aid D. arms 26. A. tools B. needs C. interests D. worries 27. A. useless B. great C. expensive D. educational 28. A. Instead of B. Due to C. In spite of D. In addition to 29. A. victims B. neighbors C. criminals D. customers 30. A. grab B. demand C. offer D. buy 31. A. grateful B. safe C. happy D. welcome 32. A. delivered B. stored C. ordered D. lost 【答案】18. C 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了海鲜餐厅老板劳伦和安德鲁・格鲁尔在洛杉矶大火后，将餐厅变成野火救援中心，发起捐赠活动，众多志愿者前来帮忙，餐厅还为野火受害者提供免费餐食、传递关爱的故事。 【18题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜，但这个星期他们的餐厅变成了野火救援中心。A. Globally全球地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Normally通常地，正常地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据“they serve fresh seafood from nearby fishers (他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜)”以及“but this week (但这个星期)”可知，此空说的是平时的情况。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜，但这个星期他们的餐厅变成了野火救援中心。A. prevention预防；B. rescue救援；C. information信息；D. research研究。根据第二段“have destroyed thousands of homes... decided to help (摧毁了数千座房屋……决定帮忙)”可知，此处是指帮助/救援中心。故选B项。 20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：洛杉矶的大火摧毁了数千座房屋和生命。A. jobs工作；B. luggage行李；C. lives生命；D. responsibility责任。根据“Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and... (洛杉矶的大火摧毁了数千座房屋和……)”可知，大火不仅烧毁了房屋，还导致房屋里的人们失去生命。故选C项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在社交媒体上发布消息，将为北部的邻居收集捐款。A. menu菜单；B. event事件；C. word消息；D. picture图片。根据“They put the ... out on social media (他们在社交媒体上发布……)”可知，此处应是put the word out，意为“发布消息”，word意为“消息”是不可数名词。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在社交媒体上发布消息，将为北部的邻居收集捐款。A. earn赚取；B. house收藏，安置；C. increase增加；D. cancel取消。根据 “donations (捐款)”可知，此处是指收集捐款(用于助人)。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多志愿者来到餐厅准备帮忙。A. ready准备好的；B. unable不能的；C. curious好奇的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据“A stream of volunteers has shown up (许多志愿者出现)”可知，在社交媒体上了解到相关情况后，他们主动前来，准备施以援手。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人带着物资前来，另一些人开着卡车顺便过来运输援助物资到洛杉矶。A. calling up召集；B. taking off起飞；C. trying out试验；D. stopping by顺便拜访，路过。根据“others are ... with their trucks to transport the ... to LA. (另一些人……卡车……运输……到洛杉矶)”可知，此处是指开卡车顺便过来。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人带着物资前来；另一些人开着卡车顺便过来运输援助物资到洛杉矶。A. medicine药物；B. care关心；C. aid援助；D. arms武器。根据“supplies (物资)”和“transport (运输)”可知，此处指运输援助物资，可能包括食品、饮用水、药物、被子、帐篷等。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：数百名无家可归的洛杉矶人目前最需要的是袜子、内衣和婴儿配方奶粉，他们中的许多人在这场灾难中失去了大部分财产。A. tools工具；B. needs需求；C. interests兴趣；D. worries担忧。根据“socks, underwear and baby formula (袜子、内衣和婴儿配方奶粉)”可知，此处是指需要的东西、需求。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：劳伦还想到了那些失去一切的孩子。“玩具和彩色书会很棒，”她说。A. useless无用的；B. great极好的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. educational有教育意义的。根据“children who had lost everything (失去一切的孩子)”和“Toys and coloring books (玩具和彩色书)”可知，玩具和彩色书对失去一切的孩子来说是好东西，是能够抚慰他们受伤身体和心灵的良药。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了收集捐款，餐厅还为野火受害者提供免费餐食。A. Instead of代替；B. Due to由于；C. In spite of尽管；D. In addition to除……之外。根据“donations (捐款)”和“free meals (免费餐食)”可知，此处是指除了收集捐款，还有其他帮助行动。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了收集捐款，餐厅还为野火受害者提供免费餐食。A. victims受害者；B. neighbors邻居；C. criminals罪犯；D. customers顾客。根据“the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire (餐厅为野火……提供免费餐食)”可知，此处是指在大火中受到伤害的人，可能他们的房屋被烧毁了，财产也毁于一旦，还食不果腹了。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你需要待在这个餐馆里，吃点东西，或者想想下一步怎么做，我们非常欢迎你在这里待一会儿，”安德鲁说。A. grab 抓住，(尤指匆忙地)吃、喝；B. demand要求；C. offer提供；D. buy买。根据“free meals (免费餐食)”和“a bite to eat (吃……)”可知，此处应是固定短语grab a bite to eat，意为“ 吃点东西”。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你需要待在这个餐馆里，吃点东西，或者想想下一步怎么做，我们非常欢迎你在这里待一会儿，”安德鲁说。A. grateful感激的；B. safe安全的；C. happy快乐的；D. welcome受欢迎的。根据“If you need to stay here (如果你需要待在这个餐馆里)”和“you’re more than... to just hang out here for a few while (……你在这里待一会儿)”可知，此处是指餐厅老板乐意为人们提供帮助，欢迎他们在此小憩。be welcome to do sth.意为“做某事是受欢迎的”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第二次前往该中心后，他说：“每一个送达的箱子不仅仅是物资——它提醒着人们，在这件事上没有人是孤独的。”A. delivered运送；B. stored储存；C. ordered订购；D. lost丢失。根据“Every box... isn’t just supplies (每一个……箱子不仅仅是物资)”以及第二段最后一句可知，装有物资的箱子是被运输/运送的。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may begin to regrow with a new technology. The coral population has declined ____33____ (heavy) due to pollution and increased water traffic in the Double Island area of Sai Kung. For a restoration project ____34____ (appoint) by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD), scientists and architects from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) have developed large terra cotta tiles (赤陶土砖) to provide appealing habitats for new coral growth and for the many species ____35____ depend on the coral as their homes. About two feet in diameter, the 128 hexagonal (六边的) tiles form an interlocking grid (网格) ____36____ (cover) 430 square feet of ocean floor across three distinct sites. Each tile has a wrinkly structure that ____37____ (look) like a human brain and provides many hollows (凹陷处) for coral ____38____ (take) root. Scientists think the clay material will help fragile coral grasp the surface. The tiles are made by 3D printing with terra cotta clay, ____39____ ancient form of porous (多孔的) fired-clay pottery, and then firing them at extremely high temperatures. The ____40____ (combine) of this ancient material and modern technique results in the unique “squiggly” (弯弯曲曲的) design and porous, textured surface of the tile. ____41____ (scientist) believe both factors will make the tiles an ideal place for coral to regrow and terra cotta tiles are a promising eco-friendly method to help revive and relocate the coral reefs which are crucial ____42____ ocean ecologies. 【答案】33. heavily 34. appointed 35. which##that 36. covering 37. looks 38. to take 39. an 40. combination 41. Scientists 42. to##for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了香港科学家利用新技术制作赤陶土砖助力珊瑚礁重新生长的情况。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：由于西贡双岛地区的污染和水上交通的增加，珊瑚数量急剧减少。根据空前动词declined可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词；heavy的副词为heavily“严重地，急剧地”。故填heavily。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在香港大学（HKU）的科学家和建筑师为农业、渔业及保育署（AFCD）指定的一个修复项目中，他们开发了大型赤陶土砖，为新的珊瑚生长和许多以珊瑚为家的物种提供有吸引力的栖息地。本句已有谓语动词have developed，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；名词project与动词appoint“任命，指定”之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词project。故填appointed。 【35题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是species，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which/that引导定语从句。故填which/that。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些直径约两英尺的128块六边形瓷砖形成了一个相互连接的网格，覆盖了三个不同地点的430平方英尺的海底。本句已有谓语动词form，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词grid，名词grid与动词cover之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作后置定语修饰名词grid。故填covering。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每块砖都有一个褶皱结构，看起来像人脑，为珊瑚扎根提供了许多凹陷处。空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语动词；根据主句谓语动词has可知，空处定语从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，先行词是structure，单数，所以空处谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式looks“看起来”。故填looks。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。provide sth. for sb./sth. to do sth.为固定结构，意为“为……提供某物供其做某事”，此处用动词不定式，take root表示“扎根”。故填to take。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这些瓷砖是用赤陶粘土3D打印而成，赤陶粘土是一种古老的多孔烧制粘土陶器，然后在极高的温度下烧制。空处需用冠词表示泛指“一种古老的形式”，ancient是以元音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种古老材料和现代技术的结合，使得瓷砖具有独特的“弯曲”设计和多孔的纹理表面。根据空格前的The和空格后的of可知，空处需用名词作主语，combine的名词为combination“结合”，此处特指“这种结合”，所以空处名词需用单数。故填combination。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：科学家们认为，这两个因素将使瓷砖成为珊瑚重新生长的理想场所，赤陶瓷砖是一种很有前途的环保方法，有助于恢复和重新安置对海洋生态至关重要的珊瑚礁。根据空后谓语动词believe可知，空处需用名词复数作主语；scientist“科学家”，其复数为scientists，句首首字母需大写。故填Scientists。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：科学家们认为，这两个因素将使瓷砖成为珊瑚重新生长的理想场所，赤陶瓷砖是一种很有前途的环保方法，有助于恢复和重新安置对海洋生态至关重要的珊瑚礁。be crucial to/for...“对……是至关重要的”，固定搭配。故填to/for。 第四部分 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 43. 为使学生们强身健体，我校举行了一场越野赛跑。（build up one’s strength; cross-country race）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A cross-country race was held by our school aimed at/ with the aim of building up students’ strength. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词，“我校举行了一场越野赛跑”，此处可用被动语态，主语为“a cross-country race”，谓语用“hold”，描述已发生的事情，用一般过去时，“为使”可用非谓语“aimed at”或者“with the aim of”，“学生们强身健体”可用固定搭配：build up one’s strength，位于介词后，动词用动名词形式，译为“building up students’ strength”。故译为A cross-country race was held by our school aimed at/ with the aim of building up students’ strength. 44. 她感到非常羞愧，几乎要哭了。（so...that...倒装结构; be close to）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears. 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句和固定搭配。“她感到非常羞愧”可用so...that结构，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“she felt so ashamed that”，根据题干要求，需用“so...that...倒装结构”，故改为“So ashamed did she feel that”，“几乎要哭了”为that引导的结果状语从句，“几乎”用固定搭配be close to，译为“she was close to tears”。故译为So ashamed did she feel that she was close to tears. 45. 一阵喜悦涌上他的心头。（无灵主语句；well up）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A flood of joy/pleasure welled up in him. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、短语和无灵主语。根据提示要求，本句用无灵主语a flood of joy/pleasure“一阵喜悦”作主语，“涌上他心头”用well up in him，陈述过去发生的事情，谓语well用过去式welled。故翻译为A flood of joy/pleasure welled up in him. 46. 他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如何掩饰尴尬。（现在分词状语; wonder）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He lowered his head and hesitated for a moment, wondering how to hide his embarrassment. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“低下头”用lower one’s head，表示“犹豫一会儿”用hesitate for a moment，主语为he，描述过去的事实，用一般过去时，动词用两个过去式并列；表示“想知道”用wonder的非谓语动词形式作伴随状语，逻辑主语he与wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词，表示“如何……”用疑问词how+do do结构，表示“掩饰尴尬”用hide his embarrassment。故翻译为He lowered his head and hesitated for a moment, wondering how to hide his embarrassment. 47. 又好奇又激动，女孩打开盒子，拿出礼物，高兴得跳了起来。（动作链; unwrap）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Curious and thrilled, the girl unwrapped the box, took out the gift and jumped to her feet with joy. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和形容词作状语。表示“又好奇又激动”用curious and thrilled，形容词作状语，描述人的心理特征，放在句首，首字母大写。表示“女孩”用the girl，“打开盒子”unwrap the box，“拿出礼物”take out the gift，“高兴得跳了起来”jump to her feet with joy，句子描述过去事实，动词都用过去式，表示一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and并列构成动作链。故翻译为Curious and thrilled, the girl unwrapped the box, took out the gift and jumped to her feet with joy. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届上学期规范化考试英语试卷（一）（A卷） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题：每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A About 6 months ago, I joined a gym. Every morning, there is one personal trainer there that works out at the same time that my little group does its workout. He does his “routine” with such a quiet determination that he makes it all look very easy. When I am tempted to quit, I watch him push himself to his limit, and I find myself motivated to work as hard and without complaint (抱怨). A couple of weeks ago, I was watching him do chin-ups (引体向上). I went over and asked if I could have a try. He said yes, and as I struggled to pull myself up he stood there motivating me the whole time. I only managed two but I felt strong and smiled from ear to ear. The next day when I was done my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did two. Again on day three and so on. I came to the gym at the end of the week, he was standing there just shaking his head. When I asked him what was up, he said he was impressed. He told me that when they are training firefighters, the men are required to do five chin-ups, and women are required to do one or two. He explained that most people can’t do them at all. The moral of this story is that by taking a leap of faith and giving it a try, I was able to achieve it! I didn’t see it as a great accomplishment (成就), because I didn’t realize that it was difficult and it became my goal to get stronger. No one told me I couldn’t do it; in fact, I was encouraged to try. Had he told me initially how difficult it was, I more than likely would not have tried at all. Or I might have tried, but given it only half an effort. I applaud him for letting me believe that for me, it was not only a possibility, but that success was a realistic expectation. 1. What inspired the author to attempt chin-ups? A. Her determination to test her limits. B. Her gym group’s encouragement. C. The personal trainer’s consistent workout routine. D. The feeling of strength after her workout. 2. What did the personal trainer do while the author was doing chin-ups? A. He provided motivation and encouragement. B. He stood by and watched her silently. C. He demonstrated useful techniques. D. He offered constructive tips for improvement. 3. Why did the personal trainer mention firefighters? A. To compare the standard for their fitness levels. B. To highlight their dedication to training. C. To emphasize the importance of training. D. To motivate the author to continue practicing. 4. What does the author want to convey? A. Setting realistic goals is beneficial. B. It’s rewarding to try new things. C. Self-belief is a path to success. D. Regular exercise helps build self-confidence. B Forgetting things is a blessing, believe it or not. For proof, imagine a world where every detail you ever came across was carved indelibly in your mind. Every conversation you regret, every rejection you’ve ever felt, every time you stepped out with your zipper undone stands as clearly in your mind as what you had for breakfast last week as well as the moments that bring you the greatest joy. That is a world of utter chaos and suffering. We don’t need to stick to just our armchair-philosophizing, however. Thanks to the wonderful combinatory magic genetics pulls off at each birth, we’ve had a few individuals on Earth who are unable to forget anything. Solomon Shereshevsky, for instance, could memorize lists of arbitrary (任意) numbers, words, and nonsense syllables with perfect recall, even decades later. At first glance, this sounds like a superpower. But Shereshevsky described it as exhausting, distracting, and emotionally unbearable. What most miss about forgetting is that it is not a design flaw (缺陷). It’s a feature. In fact, the ability to forget is fundamental to learning. It’s what gives us focus, highlights the signal through the noise, and lets the brain determine what matters most given the context we are in. Research suggests that forgetting is an active process involving brain regions like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which help us manage the inflow and outflow of information. Forgetting is not our memory failing on us as much as it is our memory being better used. And here is where we meet the concept of the forgetting curve (曲线). First described by Hermann Ebbinghaus in the late 19th century, the forgetting curve tracks how quickly we lose information over time without reinforcement (巩固). Within hours of learning something new, we begin to forget it. Rapidly at first, then more slowly over time. The key insight of those who have followed Ebbinghaus is that this curve is not fixed. On the contrary, it’s something we can reshape, a feature we can tune ourselves. 5. What does the underlined word “indelibly” in the first paragraph mean? A. Permanently. B. Violently. C. Chaotically. D. Effortlessly. 6. What did Shereshevsky think of his ability? A. A design flaw. B. A real blessing. C. A mental burden. D. A rare talent. 7 How does forgetting contribute to learning? A. It prevents the flow of information. B. It pushes people to review regularly. C. It activates brain regions responsible for learning. D. It allows the brain to prioritize important information. 8. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph? A. Keep learning new things. B. Intervene in the forgetting process. C. Accept forgetting as a natural part of life. D. Explore a fixed pattern of the forgetting curve. C During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.” In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.” Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said. 9. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool. 10. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The classification of the popular. B. The characteristics of adolescents. C The importance of interpersonal skills. D The causes of dishonorable behavior. 11. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids? A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They tended to be more adaptable. C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They performed well academically. 12. What is the best title for the text? A. Be Nice—You Won’t Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the Better C. Be the Best—You Can Make It D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Temperatures are rising, and so are mental health risks Climate change is increasing heat waves, posing growing threats to health. Extreme heat is becoming a severe challenge across the U.S. and globally, with forecasts suggesting one of the next five years could be the hottest on record. ___13___ Even survivors may face long-term consequences. How does extreme heat affect the brain? ___14___ Dehydration (脱水) in high temperatures thickens blood, making it hard for the heart to supply enough oxygen to the brain. The brain, which uses 20% of the body’s energy, requires efficient heat release. In hot, damp conditions, sweating fails to cool the body, potentially causing heat exhaustion or a sudden serious illness, which can lead to nerve-related problems. Extreme heat also worsens mental health: conditions like depression and anxiety become worse. ___15___ Furthermore, the medicines used to treat the mental illness and sleeplessness also appear to increase mental health weakness to heat. ___16___ Those with existing mental health disorders are weakest. Older adults face accelerated serious mental illness that affects memory. Homeless individuals and outdoor workers such as farmers are particularly at risk, as they often lack access to cooling resources. Action is urgent. Most heat health plans ignore mental health. ___17___ These can include public awareness campaigns, such as warning people about the mental health risk of consuming alcohol or other drugs during heat waves. Other interventions include establishing community cooling shelters for heat emergencies and increasing monitoring of mental health patients during heat waves. Only through comprehensive strategies can we reduce the mental health impacts of extreme heat. A. Who is most at risk? B. The human body works best when at 37℃. C. How to identify those in danger during heat waves? D. It disturbs sleep, which further harms one’s ability to think. E. So mental health steps must be added to these heat response plans. F. Heat waves cause 1,300 U. S. deaths yearly from heat-related issues. G. Research is needed to better understand health outcomes of a warmer world. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lauren and Andrew Gruel, owners of a seafood restaurant, are used to thinking local. ____18____, they serve fresh seafood from nearby fishers, but this week, their restaurant has become a wildfire ____19____ center. Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and ____20____. The Gruels, heartbroken by the disaster, decided to help. They put the ____21____ out on social media that they would ____22____ donations for their neighbors up north. A stream of volunteers has shown up to the restaurant ____23____ to help. Some come armed with supplies; others are ____24____ with their trucks to transport the ____25____ to LA. Some of the biggest ____26____ right now for the hundreds of displaced Angelenos, many of whom have lost most of their belongings in the disaster, are socks, underwear and baby formula. But Lauren also thought about children who had lost everything. “Toys and coloring books would be ____27____,” she said. ____28____ collecting donations, the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire ____29____. “If you need to stay here, ____30____ a bite to eat, or figure out your next step, you’re more than ____31____ to just hang out here for a few while,” said Andrew. Volunteers like Alex Ordorica, a local resident, helped transport supplies. After his second trip to the center, he said, “Every box ____32____ isn’t just supplies — it’s a reminder that nobody’s alone in this.” 18. A. Globally B. Fortunately C. Normally D. Surprisingly 19. A. prevention B. rescue C. information D. research 20 A. jobs B. luggage C. lives D. responsibility 21. A. menu B. event C. word D. picture 22. A. earn B. house C. increase D. cancel 23. A. ready B. unable C. curious D. hesitant 24. A. calling up B. taking off C. trying out D. stopping by 25. A. medicine B. care C. aid D. arms 26. A. tools B. needs C. interests D. worries 27. A. useless B. great C. expensive D. educational 28. A. Instead of B. Due to C. In spite of D. In addition to 29. A. victims B. neighbors C. criminals D. customers 30. A. grab B. demand C. offer D. buy 31. A. grateful B. safe C. happy D. welcome 32. A. delivered B. stored C. ordered D. lost 第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may begin to regrow with a new technology. The coral population has declined ____33____ (heavy) due to pollution and increased water traffic in the Double Island area of Sai Kung. For a restoration project ____34____ (appoint) by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD), scientists and architects from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) have developed large terra cotta tiles (赤陶土砖) to provide appealing habitats for new coral growth and for the many species ____35____ depend on the coral as their homes. About two feet in diameter, the 128 hexagonal (六边的) tiles form an interlocking grid (网格) ____36____ (cover) 430 square feet of ocean floor across three distinct sites. Each tile has a wrinkly structure that ____37____ (look) like a human brain and provides many hollows (凹陷处) for coral ____38____ (take) root. Scientists think the clay material will help fragile coral grasp the surface. The tiles are made by 3D printing with terra cotta clay, ____39____ ancient form of porous (多孔的) fired-clay pottery, and then firing them at extremely high temperatures. The ____40____ (combine) of this ancient material and modern technique results in the unique “squiggly” (弯弯曲曲的) design and porous, textured surface of the tile. ____41____ (scientist) believe both factors will make the tiles an ideal place for coral to regrow and terra cotta tiles are a promising eco-friendly method to help revive and relocate the coral reefs which are crucial ____42____ ocean ecologies. 第四部分 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 43. 为使学生们强身健体，我校举行了一场越野赛跑。（build up one’s strength; cross-country race）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 44. 她感到非常羞愧，几乎要哭了。（so...that...倒装结构; be close to）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 45. 一阵喜悦涌上他的心头。（无灵主语句；well up）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 46. 他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如何掩饰尴尬。（现在分词状语; wonder）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 47. 又好奇又激动，女孩打开盒子，拿出礼物，高兴得跳了起来。（动作链; unwrap）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $