专题18 定语从句（培优专练）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

专题18 定语从句 目 录 刷考点 精准巩固，扫清盲区 考点1 定语从句中关系代词的选定 考点2 定语从句中关系副词的选定 考点3 定语从句的特殊用法 练思维 聚焦过程，优化策略 测综合 跨界融合，挑战创新 ■刷考点 考点1 定语从句中关系代词的选定 1．The book ________ was written many years ago is still of great value. A．whose B．when C．who D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这本多年前写的书仍然很有价值。 考查定语从句的关系代词辨析。whose谁的；when什么时候；who谁；that那个。根据句子，先行词“the book”是物，且从句“was written many years ago”缺少主语，需用关系词that来引导。故选D。 2．He lost a bike ________ cost him 60 dollars. A．who B．whom C．that D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他丢了一辆自行车，这辆自行车花了他60美元。 考查关系代词辨析。who谁，指人，主格；whom谁，指人，宾格；that那个，指人或物；where在哪里，指地点。根据“He lost a bike…cost him 60 dollars.”可知，先行词“bike”是物，定语从句中缺少主语，因此用关系代词“that”引导从句。故选C。 3．This is the book ________ I bought last week. A．what B．who C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我上周买的那本书。 考查定语从句引导词。what不能引导定语从句；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；when指时间，在从句中作状语。根据句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词“the book”是物，且从句中缺少宾语，应用引导词“which”。故选C。 4．The movie ________ I saw last night was fantastic. A．who B．when C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我昨晚看的那部电影棒极了。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。who引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；when引导定语从句时，先行词是表示时间的名词，在从句中作时间状语；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物，在从句中可作主语或宾语；where引导定语从句时，先行词是表示地点的名词，在从句中作地点状语。本句中“The movie”是先行词，指物，且在从句“I saw last night”中作宾语，所以应该用which引导定语从句。故选C。 5．Zhang Hong, a Chinese man, is the first Asian blind climber has reached the top of Qomolangma. A．when B．whose C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：张宏，一个中国人，是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰顶的亚洲盲人登山者。 考查定语从句的关系代词。when当……时；whose谁的；which哪一个（用于物）；who谁（用于人）。该句是定语从句，先行词为climber，意为“登山者”，指人，且从句中缺少主语，需用表示人的关系代词who引导。故选D。 6．—Hi, Mary. Do you know Jay Chou? —Sure. He is a popular singer ________ comes from Taiwan. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，玛丽。你认识周杰伦吗？——当然。他是一位来自台湾的流行歌手。 考查关系代词辨析。whom谁（宾格）；what什么（不能引导定语从句）；who谁（主格）；which哪个。根据“He is a popular singer...comes from Taiwan”可知，空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词“singer”（指人），且在从句中作主语，应用主格“who”。故选C。 7．Parents are the persons ________ we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time. A．what B．whom C．which D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：父母是我们在任何时候遇到困难时可以倾诉的人。 考查关系代词。what不用于定语从句；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；why指代原因，在从句中作状语。该句是定语从句，根据“Parents are the persons”可知，先行词指的人，结合“we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time.”可知，从句中缺宾语，只有whom符合题意。故选B。 8．—Who got the First-ever Friendship Medal (友谊勋章) of China? —It’s Putin _______ everybody knows so well in the world. A．whom B．what C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——谁获得了中国有史以来第一枚友谊奖章？——是世界上每个人都很了解的普京。 考查定语从句。根据“Putin”可知，先行词是人，而且在逻辑上要充当从句谓语动词know的宾语，故定语从句的引导词应用whom。故选A。 9．The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan ________ father was too sick to fight as a soldier. A．who B．whose C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书讲述了一个叫木兰的女孩的故事，她的父亲病得太重，不能当兵打仗。 考查定语从句。根据“The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan...father was too sick to fight as a soldier.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是“a girl”，指人，且在从句中作定语，修饰名词“father”，所以用whose引导定语从句。故选B。 10．—I want a partner to practice roller skating. —My friend is a person ______ skill is very great. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想找一个搭档练习轮滑。——我的朋友是一个技术非常高超的人。 考查定语从句。which在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词指物；who在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词指人；whom在从句中作宾语，先行词指人；whose在从句中作定语，先行词指物或人。分析句子结构可知，先行词为指人的“a person”，根据“My friend is a person…skill is very great.”的语境可知，此处应用whose，修饰skill，作定语。故选D。 考点2 定语从句中关系副词的选定 1．She still remembers the day ________ she first walked into the high-school classroom, ________ left a deep impression on her. A．when; which B．which; that C．that; when D．when; who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她仍然记得她第一次走进高中教室的那一天，这给她留下了深刻的印象。 考查定语从句。when是关系副词，可引导定语从句，先行词表示时间，在从句中作时间状语；which是关系代词，可引导定语从句，修饰事物或前面整个句子，在从句中作主语或宾语等；that是关系代词，可引导限制性定语从句，修饰人或事物，但不能引导非限制性定语从句；who是关系代词，可引导定语从句时，先行词指人。第一个空先行词是“the day”，从句“she first walked into the high-school classroom”中缺少时间状语，需用when；第二个空修饰前面整个句子，用which。故选A。 2．I still remember the day ________ I first came to this school. A．when B．where C．which D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。 考查定语从句。先行词是“the day”，表示时间，且在从句“I first came to this school”中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when，故选A。 3．—What do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival? —It’s a festival _______ people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon. A．which B．when C．where D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你对中秋节了解多少？——这是一个人们通常吃月饼和赏月的节日。 考查定语从句。根据“It’s a festival…people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是festival，表示时间概念，从句中缺时间状语，应该用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选B。 4．We are now living in a great time__________ we are faced with many possibilities as well as challenges. A．why B．when C．where D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们现在生活在一个面临着许多可能和挑战的伟大时代。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是 time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。故选B。 5．This is the school ________ I studied two years ago. I have many happy memories here. A．which B．where C．that D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我两年前就读的学校。我在这里有许多美好的回忆。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，先行词指地点，在从句中作状语；that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词，先行词指时间，在从句中作状语。根据句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词“the school”指地点，且在从句中作地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where。故选B。 6．It was in the hotel ________ he stayed ________ he was caught on the spot. A．that; where B．that; that C．where; where D．where; that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他就是在他住的旅馆里当场被抓的。 考查定语从句及强调句。分析句子结构可知，第一个空所在句为定语从句，“in the hotel”为先行词，表示地点，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，where符合；分析句子结构并结合语境可知，本句是一个强调句，被强调部分是“in the hotel…he stayed”，结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的剩余部分”。故选D。 7．—Where did you pick up this wallet? —It was in the supermarket ______ I did some shopping yesterday. A．where B．which C．that D．as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在哪里捡到这个钱包的？——是在我昨天购物的超市里。 考查定语从句。where在定语从句中作地点状语；which在定语从句中作主语、宾语等；that在定语从句中作主语、宾语等；as在定语从句中作主语、宾语等。根据“It was in the supermarket…I did some shopping yesterday.”可知，先行词是地点名词supermarket，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选A。 8．He didn’t tell the teacher the reason he was late for class. A．that B．which C．why D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他没有告诉老师他上课迟到的原因。 考查定语从句。that关系代词，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；why关系副词，先行词为the reason，在从句中作状语；who关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据“the reason”为先行词且从句成分完整可知，此处的定语从句需要用关系副词why连接。故选C。 9．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道你昨天上学迟到的原因。 考查定语从句的关系词。why为什么；where在哪里；when当…时；who谁。根据句意和句子结构可知，此空应填关系副词why，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，并在从句中作状语，表示原因。故选A。 10．I don’t know the reason ________ he didn’t agree to go with us. A．when B．why C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道他不同意和我们一起去的原因。 考查关系副词的用法。分析题干，此句为定语从句，其先行词是the reason，应用关系副词why引导，在句中作状语。故选B。 考点3 定语从句中特殊用法 1．The writer and his works ________ you talk about ________ very popular among teenagers. A．that; is B．who; is C．that; are D．which; are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你谈论的那位作家和他的作品在青少年中非常受欢迎。 考查定语从句和主谓一致。that先行词为人或物；who先行词为人；which先行词为物。根据句子成分分析可知，“...you talk about”是定语从句，先行词是“The writer and his works”，既包括人又包括物，应用关系代词that；主语“The writer and his works”表示复数概念，从句谓语动词需用复数形式are。故选C。 2．This is the best book ________ I have ever read about Chinese history. A．which B．that C．who D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我读过的关于中国历史最好的一本书。 考查定语从句。which哪一个，指物；that那个，指人或物；who谁，指人；what什么，不能引导定语从句。根据“This is the best book…I have ever read about Chinese history.”可知，本句包含一个定语从句，先行词是book，指物；且先行词被形容词最高级the best修饰。根据语法规则，当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故选B。 3．The dragon is the only animal ________ isn’t real among the Chinese zodiac (生肖). A．that B．which C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：龙是中国十二生肖中唯一不真实的动物。 考查定语从句。根据“The dragon is the only animal...isn’t real among the Chinese zodiac (生肖).”可知，该句为主从复合句，从句为定语从句，先行词是“animal”动物，而且其被“the only”修饰。在定语从句中，当先行词被“the only”修饰时，关系代词只能用“that”，故选A。 4．—We will leave our school in six months. —I will never forget the persons and the things ________ I have experienced and met. A．that B．which C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们六个月后就要离开学校了。——我永远不会忘记我所经历和遇到的人和事。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词“the persons and the things”既有人又有物，在从句中作宾语，关系代词只能用that。故选A。 5．The robot can help us sweep the floor, ________ makes housework easier. A．who B．which C．that D．it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：机器人能帮我们扫地，这让家务活更轻松。 考查关系代词辨析。who指人；which指物或整个句子；that指人或物（不用于非限制性定语从句）；it代词（不引导从句）。根据“makes housework easier”可知，此处指代前面整句话“机器人能帮我们扫地”，需用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 6．I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together five years ago. A．which B．when C．where D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记五年前我们一起度过的日子。 考查定语从句。根据“the days...we spent together five years ago”可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是“the days”，表示物，在从句中作“spent”的宾语，因此要用关系代词“which”来引导定语从句。故选A。 7．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works? A．that B．which C．in which D．in what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道去你爸爸工作的公司的路吗? 本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词company“公司”是地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词使用where或者in which。故选C。 8．In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help. A．that B．who C．from who D．to whom 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在黑暗的大街上，没有一个她可以求救的人。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知该句是定语从句，修饰先行词person。turn for help to sb.向某人求救，由此可知从句缺少介词to，和介词连用，先行词是人，所以要用关系词who的宾格whom，故选D。 9．I will never forget those ________ have helped me along the way. A．who B．what C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我将永远不会忘记那些一路上帮助过我的人。 考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语；what什么，不引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子为定语从句，先行词those指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以用who引导定语从句。故选A。 10．The museum ________ we visited last month ________ over 10,000 visitors during the Labor Day holiday. A．where; received B．which; has received C．who; receives D．what; will receive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们上个月参观的博物馆在劳动节假期期间接待了超过10,000名游客。 考查定语从句及时态。根据“The museum ... we visited”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是The museum，指物，在从句中作宾语，用which/that引导定语从句；根据“over 10,000 visitors during the Labor Day holiday.”及语境可知，此处是强调过去的动作对现在产生的结果，应用现在完成时。故选B。 ■练思维 1．—How do you like this comedy? —I think it’s the most interesting program ______ I have ever watched. A．who B．when C．that D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得这部喜剧怎么样？——我认为这是我看过的最有趣的节目。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who“谁”在定语从句中指代人；when“当……时”，属于关系副词，在从句中充当状语；that“那个”可以空格指代人或物；which“哪个”在定语从句指代物。空格处需引导定语从句修饰先行词“program”，该先行词指事物且被最高级“the most interesting”修饰，此时关系代词需用that。故选C。 2．—What did you do at the party? —My friend and I talked about the persons and things ________ we could remember. A．that B．who C．what D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在派对上做了什么？——我和朋友谈论了我们能记住的人和事。 考查定语从句关系代词。先行词是the persons and things，既包括人又包括物，应用关系代词that引导定语从句。who只指人，which只指物，what不引导定语从句。故选A。 3．A true friend is the person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是那个会一直在那里与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。 考查定语从句关系词。that关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；where关系副词，指地点，在从句中作状语；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whose关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为“the person”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以关系词用that。故选A。 4．The students are reading books _________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些天学生们在读充满“红色精神” 的书籍。 考查定语从句关系词。who指代人，作主语/宾语；where指代地点，作状语；which指代物，作主语/宾语；when指代时间，作状语。此处先行词是books，且关系词在从句中作主语，用which。故选C。 5．I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. A．what B．which C．whose D．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我更喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。 考查定语从句关系词。what什么，不能引导定语从句；which指代物，在从句中作主语/宾语；whose谁的，在从句中作定语；who指代人，在从句中作主语/宾语。根据“I prefer movies...give me something to think about”可知，先行词“movies”是物，且关系词在从句中作主语，which符合语法规则。故选B。 6．The book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday is about the history of space exploration. A．who B．what C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我昨天从图书馆借的那本书是关于太空探索历史的。 考查定语从句关系代词。先行词The book指物，在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导，也可省略。选项C正确。who指人；what不引导定语从句；where指地点。故选C。 7．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me forever. A．who B．what C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会永远记住那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。who谁，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；why为什么，在定语从句中作原因状语；when什么时候，在定语从句中作时间状语。根据句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，修饰先行词people，且关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以应该用who。故选A。 8．The woman ________ came to our party with a gift is my teacher. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个带着礼物来参加我们聚会的女人是我的老师。 考查关系代词的用法。which指物；whose谁的，表示所有关系；who谁，指人，在从句中作主语；whom谁，指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句子结构，关系代词引导定语从句修饰“the woman”，并在从句“________ came to our party with a gift”中充当主语，表示“她”来参加聚会，且指代人，因此应用who。故选C。 9．The student ________ the teacher considers a genius failed the final exam. A．why B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那个被老师认为是天才的学生期末考试不及格。 考查定语从句。why关系副词，指原因，作状语；whom关系代词，指人，在从句中作宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作定语；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为“The student”，指人，且在从句中作宾语，所以应该用关系代词whom。故选B。 10．—I have some problems, but I don’t know ________ I can discuss them with. —Well, I think you can talk to your family or teachers. A．when B．whom C．how D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我有一些问题，但我不知道可以和谁讨论这些问题。——嗯，我认为你可以和你的家人或老师谈谈。 考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。when什么时候，用于询问时间；whom谁，是who的宾格形式，在从句中作宾语（指人）；how如何，用于询问方式；why为什么，用于询问原因。根据答句“you can talk to your family or teachers”可知，问句强调的是“和谁讨论”，连接词需指代人且在从句中作宾语。whom符合句意。故选B。 11．I wonder who knows the name of the girl ________ father works in Dongying Railway Station. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想知道谁知道那个女孩的名字，她的父亲在东营火车站工作。 考查关系代词。which指物，不用于人；that可用于人或物，但不表示所有格；whose表示所有格；who用于人，作主语或宾语，不表示所有格。分析句子可知，此处表示“女孩的父亲”，应用whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the girl”。故选C。 12．The book ________ covers are broken is very old but valuable. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：封面破损的那本书很旧但很有价值。 考查定语从句关系词。who用于指人；which用于指物，但不表示所有格；whose在定语从句中作定语；whom用于指人作宾语。先行词the book与定语从句中的covers存在所属关系，表示书的封面，故用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故选C。 13．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成都是一座大城市，我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化，享受现代生活。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；that先行词为物/人；whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city，指物，且结合介词in，可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。 14．I often think of the days ________ I had happy moments in my primary school. A．what B．when C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我经常想起我在小学时度过快乐时光的那些日子。 考查定语从句引导词辨析。what不能引导定语从句；when引导定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词 (如 day, time, year 等)，在从句中作时间状语；that引导定语从句，可在从句中作主语或宾语，修饰人或物；which引导定语从句，修饰物或整个句子，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据“the days…I had happy moments in my primary school.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是“days”，在从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导，表示“在那些日子里”。故选B。 15．Tina won’t forget the moment ________ she saw her favorite singer. A．which B．that C．who D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蒂娜不会忘记看到她最喜欢的歌手的那一刻。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the moment，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。故选D。 16．This is the village ________ I spent my happy childhood. A．which B．when C．where D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我度过快乐童年的村庄。 考查定语从句的引导词。which哪个；when当……时；where在哪里；who谁。此句为定语从句，先行词“village”表示地点，定语从句“I spent my happy childhood”结构完整，但缺少地点状语，需用关系副词“where”引导。故选C。 17．This is the factory ________ my father once worked. A．when B．where C．which D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我父亲曾经工作过的工厂。 考查定语从句关系词。when在何时，在定语从句中作时间状语；where在哪里，在定语从句中作地点状语；which哪一个，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代物；that那，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语，指代人或物。此句中先行词是“factory”，表示地点，关系词在从句“my father once worked”中作地点状语，即“在工厂里工作”，应用关系副词where。故选B。 18．Yesterday Kate explained the reason ________ she was late to me. A．what B．because C．if D．why 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天凯特向我解释了她迟到的原因。 考查定语从句引导词。what什么；because因为；if如果；why为什么。先行词是the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，应用why引导。故选D。 19．He thinks that his pet cat, ________ is very cute, can understand his feelings. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他认为他的宠物猫，非常可爱的猫咪，能理解他的感受。 考查非限制性定语从句。who先行词指人；which先行词指物；whom先行词指人；whose先行词指人/物。根据“his pet cat”可知，先行词指物，空处作主语，关系代词用which指代。故选B。 20．I came back to visit the old house, ________ was full of happy memories. A．which B．that C．/ D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我回来参观那座充满了美好回忆的老房子。 考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句，作主语、宾语或表语；that引导限制性定语从句，作主语、宾语或表语；/不填；where引导定语从句，作地点状语。此处有逗号隔开，是非限制性定语从句，分析句子结构，此处缺少主语，因此用关系代词which。故选A。 21．Look! The trees which ________ last year ________ well. A．we planted; grew B．we planted them; grow C．was planted; grew D．were planted; grow 【答案】D 【详解】句意：看！去年被种植的那些树现在长得好。 考查定语从句和动词时态。we planted我们种的；we planted them我们种了它们；was planted被种，单数；were planted被种，复数；grew生长，一般过去时，grow生长，一般现在时。第一空，根据“The trees which ... last year ...”可知，关系代词“which”指代复数名词“trees”，在从句中可作宾语，这时从句为“we planted”，不需要再加“them”，排除B；which也可用主语，且结合“last year”，此处需用一般过去时的被动语态，即were planted，排除C；第二空，根据上文“Look!”可知，主句谓语需用一般现在时描述当前状态，主语“The trees”是复数，谓语动词grow应用原形，排除A。故选D。 22．I prefer movies ________ me something to think about. A．which gives B．that gives C．that give D．who give 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我更喜欢那些给我一些思考的电影。 考查定语从句和主谓一致。句子是定语从句，先行词是movies，且关系词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导定语从句，且关系词指代名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故选C。 23．Those ________ finished doing it put up your hands. A．who have B．who has C．which have D．which has 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那些已经完成它的人举手。 考查定语从句的用法和主谓一致。根据“Those...finished doing it put up your hands.”可知，此句是定语从句，先行词those指人，应用关系代词 who；且those为复数，从句谓语动词需用复数形式have。故选A。 24．—What kind of groups does your daughter like? —She likes groups that _________ quiet and slow music. A．play B．plays C．played D．playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你女儿喜欢什么样的乐队？——她喜欢演奏安静和缓慢音乐的乐队。 考查定语从句的时态和主谓一致。由“She likes groups that”可知，该句是定语从句，句子描述一般事实，使用一般现在时，先行词“groups”是复数名词，定语从句的谓语动词需用原形，故选A。 25．Li Ming says he loves singers ________ their own music. A．whom writes B．that writes C．whose write D．who write 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李明说他喜欢自己写音乐的歌手。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，从句缺少主语，且先行词singers指人，所以用关系代词who引导定语从句，排除A和C；又因为关系代词在从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致，先行词singers是复数，所以谓语动词用原形write，排除B。故选D。 ■测综合 一、完形填空 【试题亮点】讲述了蚂蚁因毛毛虫外表丑陋而轻视它，后来毛毛虫蜕变成蝴蝶，蚂蚁从中学会不能以貌取人的故事。考点切合本专题，如第11小题考查定语从句的关系词。 In the thick forest, every creature(生物)has its own story. Once, an ant was collecting food to 1 in her cave for the winter. This ant was carrying food more than her own weight. After an hour’s 2 , she stopped to rest. Just then, a caterpillar(毛毛虫)came along. The ant thought how 3 the caterpillar was with no wings or beautiful colors. The ant thought to itself, “I look much more beautiful 4 my red coat.” “Where are you going?” asked the ant proudly. “I’ m 5 home,” replied the caterpillar. “Where’s your home?” asked the ant. “Right up here in a certain 6 ,” said the caterpillar. “That doesn’t sound very nice!” the ant said in a low voice. “He’s about as silly as he looks. I hope I won’t be 7 by him.” The ant went towards her cave and left the caterpillar behind. Later that spring, the ant saw the home of the caterpillar. She looked 8 for the caterpillar, but she couldn’t find him anywhere. As the sun 9 over the mountains, the ant looked towards the sky. She saw a beautiful insect. It was a butterfly flying above her head. “Hi, ant!” called the butterfly. The ant was 10 . “Huh? Who are you?” asked the ant. “I’m that ugly old caterpillar 11 you tried to avoid.” “Wow!” cried the ant 12 she felt ashamed and ran away quickly. That was about all she could say. From that day on, the ant learned to be more 13 towards others. She realized that everyone has their own unique beauty and that looks can be 14 . The ant also learned that it’s important to be kind and not to judge(判断)others by their appearance. Now, the ant and the butterfly are good 15 , and they often help each other out in different situations. Hope their friendship lasts forever! 1．A．store B．produce C．burn D．waste 2．A．run B．walk C．ride D．try 3．A．bad B．weak C．ugly D．terrible 4．A．to B．on C．with D．in 5．A．flying B．heading C．traveling D．running 6．A．tree B．house C．water D．box 7．A．cheated B．caught C．influenced D．followed 8．A．up B．around C．over D．back 9．A．took B．stood C．flew D．rose 10．A．surprised B．happy C．sad D．excited 11．A．what B．that C．where D．whose 12．A．if B．although C．as D．until 13．A．open-minded B．confident C．careful D．serious 14．A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 15．A．neighbors B．classmates C．partners D．friends 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了蚂蚁因毛毛虫外表丑陋而轻视它，后来毛毛虫蜕变成蝴蝶，蚂蚁从中学会不能以貌取人的故事。 1．句意：有一次，一只蚂蚁正在收集食物，准备储存在洞穴里过冬。 store储存；produce生产；burn燃烧；waste浪费。根据“for the winter”可知，蚂蚁收集食物是为了“储存”过冬。故选A。 2．句意：走了一个小时后，她停下来休息。 run跑步；walk行走；ride骑行；try尝试。根据“carrying food more than her own weight”及“stopped to rest”可知，蚂蚁是“行走”了一小时后休息。故选B。 3．句意：蚂蚁觉得毛毛虫没有翅膀也没有漂亮的颜色，是多么丑陋。 bad糟糕的；weak虚弱的；ugly丑陋的；terrible可怕的。根据“with no wings or beautiful colors”可知，蚂蚁认为毛毛虫很“丑陋”。故选C。 4．句意：我穿着红外套，看起来漂亮多了。 to到；on在……上；with和；in穿着。根据“my red coat”可知，此处表示“穿着”红外套，用in。故选D。 5．句意：我正要回家。 flying飞；heading前往；traveling旅行；running跑。根据“home”可知，是“前往”家的方向，用heading。故选B。 6．句意：就在某棵树上。 tree树；house房子；water水；box盒子。根据毛毛虫的栖息环境，可知它的家通常在“树”上。故选A。 7．句意：我希望不会被他影响。 cheated欺骗；caught抓住；influenced影响；followed跟随。根据蚂蚁对毛毛虫的轻视，可知它希望不被对方“跟随”。故选D。 8．句意：她到处找毛毛虫，但哪儿也找不到。 up向上；around到处；over越过；back回来。根据“couldn’t find him anywhere”可知，是“到处”寻找。故选B。 9．句意：当太阳从山上升起时，蚂蚁望向天空。 took拿；stood站；flew飞；rose升起。根据“the sun…over the mountains”可知，是太阳“升起”。故选D。 10．句意：蚂蚁很惊讶。 surprised惊讶的；happy开心的；sad难过的；excited兴奋的 根据毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶，蚂蚁对此感到“惊讶”。故选A。 11．句意：我就是那个你之前想避开的丑陋老毛毛虫。 what什么；that（定语从句关系词，指物/人）；where哪里；whose谁的。此处是定语从句，先行词是“caterpillar”，指物，用that引导。故选B。 12．句意：蚂蚁叫了起来，因为她感到羞愧，很快跑开了。 if如果；although尽管；as因为；until直到。根据“she felt ashamed”是蚂蚁叫并跑开的原因，用as引导原因状语从句。故选C。 13．句意：从那天起，蚂蚁学会了对别人更开明。 open-minded开明的；confident自信的；careful仔细的；serious严肃的。根据蚂蚁的教训，它学会了不片面看待他人，变得更“开明”。故选A。 14．句意：她意识到每个人都有自己独特的美，外表可能说明不了什么。 everything一切；anything任何事；something某事；nothing没什么。根据“not to judge others by their appearance”可知，外表可能“说明不了什么”。故选D。 15．句意：现在，蚂蚁和蝴蝶成了好朋友。 neighbors邻居；classmates同学；partners伙伴；friends朋友。根据“they often help each other out”及“friendship lasts forever”可知，它们成了“朋友”。故选D。 二、语法填空 【试题亮点】讲述了作者小时候及长大后对于收到礼物的不同感受，并阐述了关于礼物的感悟。考查定语从句，如第10小题，定语从句的关系词确定。 When I was a boy, the night before my birthday, I would keep awake all night. In the morning, I ran around the house, full 1 hope and happiness. Then I just 2 (expect) to receive my gifts and wondered who would give me gifts and what they would be like. When the time 3 (final) came to open the gifts, I would open the gifts like a wild tiger. I valued them with the great joy of a child. As I got older and had my own children, there was something different. I 4 (find) something far more interesting 5 receiving gifts. I would watch with a smile after my children opened the gifts. And the 6 (happy) in their eyes was wonderful. Nothing could bring me as much joy as making them happy. In this world, we are so 7 (luck) to receive so many gifts once a year. The gifts were all with special meanings. Now every year we 8 (give) gifts with love and good wishes by other people. I realize that I should never waste these gifts. Gifts always send love to 9 (other) in this way. Learn to use and share gifts with those 10 will make us feel happy. Remember that—giving is receiving. 【答案】 1．of 2．expected 3．finally 4．found 5．than 6．happiness 7．lucky 8．are given 9．others 10．who 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者小时候及长大后对于收到礼物的不同感受，并阐述了关于礼物的感悟。 1．句意：早上，我满屋子跑，满怀希望和幸福。full of“充满”，固定搭配。故填of。 2．句意：然后我只是期待着收到我的礼物，想知道谁会给我礼物，它们会是什么样的。根据“wondered”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式expected“期待”。故填expected。 3．句意：当最终到了打开礼物的时候，我会像一只野老虎一样打开礼物。修饰动词came用副词finally“最终”。故填finally。 4．句意：我发现了一些比收到礼物更有趣的事情。根据“As I got older and had my own children”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式found“发现”。故填found。 5．句意：我发现了一些比收到礼物更有趣的事情。根据“something far more interesting...receiving gifts”可知，此处指比收到礼物更有趣，than“比”。故填than。 6．句意：他们眼中的幸福是美妙的。根据“the...in their eyes”可知，此处用名词happiness“幸福”作主语。故填happiness。 7．句意：在这个世界上，我们很幸运，每年都能收到这么多礼物。作be动词的表语用形容词lucky“幸运的”。故填lucky。 8．句意：现在每年我们都会收到别人带着爱和美好祝愿的礼物。根据“every year”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语we和谓语give之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语是we，be动词用are。故填are given。 9．句意：礼物总是以这种方式向别人传递爱。to为介词，后接others“其他人”，作宾语。故填others。 10．句意：学会与那些会让我们感到快乐的人使用和分享礼物。此处是定语从句，先行词是those，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故填who。 8 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 定语从句 目 录 刷考点 精准巩固，扫清盲区 考点1 定语从句中关系代词的选定 考点2 定语从句中关系副词的选定 考点3 定语从句的特殊用法 练思维 聚焦过程，优化策略 测综合 跨界融合，挑战创新 ■刷考点 考点1 定语从句中关系代词的选定 1．The book ________ was written many years ago is still of great value. A．whose B．when C．who D．that 2．He lost a bike ________ cost him 60 dollars. A．who B．whom C．that D．where 3．This is the book ________ I bought last week. A．what B．who C．which D．when 4．The movie ________ I saw last night was fantastic. A．who B．when C．which D．where 5．Zhang Hong, a Chinese man, is the first Asian blind climber has reached the top of Qomolangma. A．when B．whose C．which D．who 6．—Hi, Mary. Do you know Jay Chou? —Sure. He is a popular singer ________ comes from Taiwan. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 7．Parents are the persons ________ we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time. A．what B．whom C．which D．why 8．—Who got the First-ever Friendship Medal (友谊勋章) of China? —It’s Putin _______ everybody knows so well in the world. A．whom B．what C．which D．whose 9．The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan ________ father was too sick to fight as a soldier. A．who B．whose C．that D．which 10．—I want a partner to practice roller skating. —My friend is a person ______ skill is very great. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 考点2 定语从句中关系副词的选定 1．She still remembers the day ________ she first walked into the high-school classroom, ________ left a deep impression on her. A．when; which B．which; that C．that; when D．when; who 2．I still remember the day ________ I first came to this school. A．when B．where C．which D．that 3．—What do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival? —It’s a festival _______ people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon. A．which B．when C．where D．that 4．We are now living in a great time__________ we are faced with many possibilities as well as challenges. A．why B．when C．where D．which 5．This is the school ________ I studied two years ago. I have many happy memories here. A．which B．where C．that D．when 6．It was in the hotel ________ he stayed ________ he was caught on the spot. A．that; where B．that; that C．where; where D．where; that 7．—Where did you pick up this wallet? —It was in the supermarket ______ I did some shopping yesterday. A．where B．which C．that D．as 8．He didn’t tell the teacher the reason he was late for class. A．that B．which C．why D．who 9．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 10．I don’t know the reason ________ he didn’t agree to go with us. A．when B．why C．which D．where 考点3 定语从句中特殊用法 1．The writer and his works ________ you talk about ________ very popular among teenagers. A．that; is B．who; is C．that; are D．which; are 2．This is the best book ________ I have ever read about Chinese history. A．which B．that C．who D．what 3．The dragon is the only animal ________ isn’t real among the Chinese zodiac (生肖). A．that B．which C．who D．what 4．—We will leave our school in six months. —I will never forget the persons and the things ________ I have experienced and met. A．that B．which C．who D．what 5．The robot can help us sweep the floor, ________ makes housework easier. A．who B．which C．that D．it 6．I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together five years ago. A．which B．when C．where D．how 7．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works? A．that B．which C．in which D．in what 8．In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help. A．that B．who C．from who D．to whom 9．I will never forget those ________ have helped me along the way. A．who B．what C．which D．whom 10．The museum ________ we visited last month ________ over 10,000 visitors during the Labor Day holiday. A．where; received B．which; has received C．who; receives D．what; will receive ■练思维 1．—How do you like this comedy? —I think it’s the most interesting program ______ I have ever watched. A．who B．when C．that D．which 2．—What did you do at the party? —My friend and I talked about the persons and things ________ we could remember. A．that B．who C．what D．which 3．A true friend is the person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．that B．where C．which D．whose 4．The students are reading books _________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which D．when 5．I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about. A．what B．which C．whose D．who 6．The book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday is about the history of space exploration. A．who B．what C．which D．where 7．I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me forever. A．who B．what C．why D．when 8．The woman ________ came to our party with a gift is my teacher. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 9．The student ________ the teacher considers a genius failed the final exam. A．why B．whom C．whose D．which 10．—I have some problems, but I don’t know ________ I can discuss them with. —Well, I think you can talk to your family or teachers. A．when B．whom C．how D．why 11．I wonder who knows the name of the girl ________ father works in Dongying Railway Station. A．which B．that C．whose D．who 12．The book ________ covers are broken is very old but valuable. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 13．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 14．I often think of the days ________ I had happy moments in my primary school. A．what B．when C．that D．which 15．Tina won’t forget the moment ________ she saw her favorite singer. A．which B．that C．who D．when 16．This is the village ________ I spent my happy childhood. A．which B．when C．where D．who 17．This is the factory ________ my father once worked. A．when B．where C．which D．that 18．Yesterday Kate explained the reason ________ she was late to me. A．what B．because C．if D．why 19．He thinks that his pet cat, ________ is very cute, can understand his feelings. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 20．I came back to visit the old house, ________ was full of happy memories. A．which B．that C．/ D．where 21．Look! The trees which ________ last year ________ well. A．we planted; grew B．we planted them; grow C．was planted; grew D．were planted; grow 22．I prefer movies ________ me something to think about. A．which gives B．that gives C．that give D．who give 23．Those ________ finished doing it put up your hands. A．who have B．who has C．which have D．which has 24．—What kind of groups does your daughter like? —She likes groups that _________ quiet and slow music. A．play B．plays C．played D．playing 25．Li Ming says he loves singers ________ their own music. A．whom writes B．that writes C．whose write D．who write ■测综合 一、完形填空 【试题亮点】讲述了蚂蚁因毛毛虫外表丑陋而轻视它，后来毛毛虫蜕变成蝴蝶，蚂蚁从中学会不能以貌取人的故事。考点切合本专题，如第11小题考查定语从句的关系词。 In the thick forest, every creature(生物)has its own story. Once, an ant was collecting food to 1 in her cave for the winter. This ant was carrying food more than her own weight. After an hour’s 2 , she stopped to rest. Just then, a caterpillar(毛毛虫)came along. The ant thought how 3 the caterpillar was with no wings or beautiful colors. The ant thought to itself, “I look much more beautiful 4 my red coat.” “Where are you going?” asked the ant proudly. “I’ m 5 home,” replied the caterpillar. “Where’s your home?” asked the ant. “Right up here in a certain 6 ,” said the caterpillar. “That doesn’t sound very nice!” the ant said in a low voice. “He’s about as silly as he looks. I hope I won’t be 7 by him.” The ant went towards her cave and left the caterpillar behind. Later that spring, the ant saw the home of the caterpillar. She looked 8 for the caterpillar, but she couldn’t find him anywhere. As the sun 9 over the mountains, the ant looked towards the sky. She saw a beautiful insect. It was a butterfly flying above her head. “Hi, ant!” called the butterfly. The ant was 10 . “Huh? Who are you?” asked the ant. “I’m that ugly old caterpillar 11 you tried to avoid.” “Wow!” cried the ant 12 she felt ashamed and ran away quickly. That was about all she could say. From that day on, the ant learned to be more 13 towards others. She realized that everyone has their own unique beauty and that looks can be 14 . The ant also learned that it’s important to be kind and not to judge(判断)others by their appearance. Now, the ant and the butterfly are good 15 , and they often help each other out in different situations. Hope their friendship lasts forever! 1．A．store B．produce C．burn D．waste 2．A．run B．walk C．ride D．try 3．A．bad B．weak C．ugly D．terrible 4．A．to B．on C．with D．in 5．A．flying B．heading C．traveling D．running 6．A．tree B．house C．water D．box 7．A．cheated B．caught C．influenced D．followed 8．A．up B．around C．over D．back 9．A．took B．stood C．flew D．rose 10．A．surprised B．happy C．sad D．excited 11．A．what B．that C．where D．whose 12．A．if B．although C．as D．until 13．A．open-minded B．confident C．careful D．serious 14．A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 15．A．neighbors B．classmates C．partners D．friends 二、语法填空 【试题亮点】讲述了作者小时候及长大后对于收到礼物的不同感受，并阐述了关于礼物的感悟。考查定语从句，如第10小题，定语从句的关系词确定。 When I was a boy, the night before my birthday, I would keep awake all night. In the morning, I ran around the house, full 1 hope and happiness. Then I just 2 (expect) to receive my gifts and wondered who would give me gifts and what they would be like. When the time 3 (final) came to open the gifts, I would open the gifts like a wild tiger. I valued them with the great joy of a child. As I got older and had my own children, there was something different. I 4 (find) something far more interesting 5 receiving gifts. I would watch with a smile after my children opened the gifts. And the 6 (happy) in their eyes was wonderful. Nothing could bring me as much joy as making them happy. In this world, we are so 7 (luck) to receive so many gifts once a year. The gifts were all with special meanings. Now every year we 8 (give) gifts with love and good wishes by other people. I realize that I should never waste these gifts. Gifts always send love to 9 (other) in this way. Learn to use and share gifts with those 10 will make us feel happy. Remember that—giving is receiving. 8 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $