专题15 句子种类（培优专练）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

专题15 句子种类 目 录 刷考点 精准巩固，扫清盲区 考点1 感叹句 考点2 祈使句 考点3 倒装句 练思维 聚焦过程，优化策略 测综合 跨界融合，挑战创新 ■刷考点 考点1 感叹句 1．The aeroplane makes the world much smaller. ________ great invention it is! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：飞机使世界变得更小。它是一个多么伟大的发明啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。“great invention”为单数名词短语，应用what引导感叹句，且添加不定冠词a，构成感叹句“What a+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语动词”。故选C。 2．—________ strange clothes Nancy is wearing! —So she is. I like the style of her clothes. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——南希穿的衣服真奇怪！——确实是这样。我喜欢她衣服的款式。 考查感叹句。根据“... strange clothes Nancy is wearing!”可知，该句是感叹句，其结构为“What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。句中“clothes”是名词复数形式，所以用“What”引导。故选A。 3．________ important work the teachers are doing! Let’s show our respect for them. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师们在做多么重要的工作啊！让我们向他们表示敬意。 考查感叹句。根据“... important work the teachers are doing!”以及结合选项可知，此处考查感叹句的用法；work表示“工作”，是不可数名词；what修饰不可数名词。故选A。 4．________ helpful the speech is! It tells us how to spend money wisely. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个演讲多么有帮助啊！它告诉我们如何明智地花钱。 考查感叹句。感叹句结构：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！本句中心词是形容词helpful，应用How引导感叹句。故选C。 5．________ beautifully little Elaine dances in front of the camera! A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小伊莱恩在镜头前跳舞跳得多美啊！ 考查感叹句。beautifully是副词，修饰动词dances，符合“How+副词+主谓+其他成分！”的结构，所以用“How”引导感叹句。故选A。 6．—________ I wish that I could get the best grades in the exams! —I believe that you will because you are always studying hard. A．How B．What C．Why D．When 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我多么希望我能在考试中取得最好的成绩啊！——我相信你会的，因为你一直学习很努力。   考查感叹句。感叹句常用 “How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！” 或 “What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！” 结构。此句中 “I wish that...” 是主谓部分，前面的中心词是副词 “how” 所修饰的内容，符合 “How + 主语 + 谓语！” 这种感叹句结构。故选A。 考点2 祈使句 1．If you want to deal with the problem, ________ a word with Diana to get some advice now. A．have B．had C．can have D．will have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你想处理这个问题，现在就和Diana谈一谈以获取一些建议。 考查祈使句。分析题干可知，if引导条件状语从句，此处主句表示建议，应使用祈使句，空处使用动词原形，故选A。 2．—Boys and girls, ________ in the rivers or pools. It’s not safe. —We won’t, thank you. A．don’t swim B．swim C．swimming D．don’t swimming 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——孩子们，不要在河流或池塘里游泳。不安全。——我们不会的，谢谢。 考查祈使句的否定形式。don’t swim不要游泳；swim游泳，动词原形；swimming现在分词/动名词；don’t swimming语法错误。根据“Boys and girls, ... in the rivers or pools. It’s not safe.”可知，此句应表达的是不要在河里或者水池里游泳．它是不安全的。句子是一个否定的祈使句，其构成为don’t+动词原形。don’t swim符合语法和语境。故选A。 3．________ the rules, or you’ll be punished. A．Follow B．Don’t follow C．Following D．To follow 【答案】A 【详解】句意：遵守规则，否则你会受到惩罚。 考查祈使句的用法。Follow遵守，动词原形；Don’t follow不遵守，祈使句否定形式；Following遵守，现在分词；To follow遵守，动词不定式。根据“or you’ll be punished”可知，本句属于“祈使句+or+简单句”结构，意为“做某事，否则……”。该结构中，前半分句应为动词原形开头的祈使句，表示命令或建议。根据语境，只有遵守规则才能避免受罚，因此应用肯定形式。故选A。 4．Walk slowly in the hallways, ________ you might get hurt. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在走廊里慢慢走，否则你可能会受伤。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；so所以；or否则。根据“Walk slowly in the hallways…you might get hurt.”可知，本句是“祈使句+or+陈述句”句式，or表示否则的意思，连接祈使句和可能发生的负面后果。故选D。 5．________ others, and you will also learn a lot from it. A．Help B．To help C．Helping D．Helps 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——帮助别人，你也会从中学到很多。 考查祈使句的用法。A项为动词原形，用于祈使句开头；B项为动词不定式，通常作主语或宾语；C项为动名词，通常作主语或宾语；D项为第三人称单数形式，用于一般现在时。此处是“祈使句+and+简单句”结构，需用动词原形开头，故选A。 6．Work harder than before, ________ your dream will possibly come true. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：比以前更努力地工作，你的梦想才有可能实现。 考查连词辨析。and和，那么，表示并列或顺承关系；but但是，表示转折关系；or或者，否则，表示选择或条件关系；so因此，所以，表示因果关系。根据“Work harder than before, ... your dream will possibly come true.”可知，前半句“比以前更努力地工作”和后半句“你的梦想才有可能实现”之间是顺承关系，所以用and连接。故选A。 考点3 倒装句 1．—We have to stop talking here outside. Listen! ________! —Hurry up, or we’ll be late. A．There goes the bell B．There does the bell go C．There the bell goes D．Goes the bell there 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们得停止在外面这儿聊天了。听！铃响了！——快点，不然我们要迟到了。 考查there引导的全部倒装。There goes the bell表述正确；There does the bell go表述错误；There the bell goes非倒装结构；Goes the bell there语序错误。以there开头的句子常用完全倒装，结构为“There+谓语动词+主语（名词）”。故选A。 2．—The sports meeting will be held next week. I’m so excited! —________. A．So do I. B．Me neither. C．So am I. D．It’s boring. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——下周将举行的运动会。我好兴奋。——我也是。 考查倒装句。So do I.常用于表示和前面提到的肯定句同样的情况，但主语为不同的人或事物，且谓语动词要与前面的句子保持一致。这里的动词应该与前面的be动词保持一致，而不是do；Me neither. 用于否定句，表示“我也不”；So am I.我也是；It’s boring.它太无聊。根据“I’m so excited!”可知，此处用来表示和前面提到的肯定句同样的情况，且主语为不同的人，谓语动词与前面的句子保持一致，即使用am。故选C。 3．Across the lake ________ a 17-hole bridge. A．is B．are C．do D．does 【答案】A 【详解】句意：湖对面是一座17洞的桥。 考查倒装句和主谓一致。is为be动词的单数形式；are为be动词的复数形式；do助动词，原形；does助动词，三单形式。当句子以表示地点的介词短语开头时，常使用倒装结构，即“地点状语+谓语动词+主语”。主语“a 17-hole bridge”为单数名词，因此谓语动词需用单数形式“is”，表示湖对面是一座17洞的桥。故选A。 4．—What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word! —________. He’s from India, so I guess it is Hindi. A．Neither I can B．Neither can I C．Neither I do D．Neither do I 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——那家伙在说什么语言？我几乎一个字也听不懂！——我也听不懂。他来自印度，所以我猜是印地语。 考查倒装句。根据“I can hardly catch a single word!”可知，此处表示“我也听不懂”，否定词“neither”置于句首，句子需部分倒装，即把情态动词“can”置于主语“I”之前，所以应该是“Neither can I”。故选B。 5．—What language is that guy speaking? I can’t catch a single word! —_________. He is from India, so I guess it is Hindi. A．Neither I can B．So can I C．So I can D．Neither can I 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——那个家伙说的是什么语言？我一个词也听不懂！——我也听不懂。他来自印度，所以我猜是印地语。 考查倒装结构。Neither I can语序错误，不符合倒装规则；So can I我也能，用于肯定句，So I can我确实能；Neither can I我也不能。本题中第一句“I can’t catch a single word”为否定句，表示“我也不能”，应使用“Neither/Nor + 助动词 + 主语”结构，因此正确形式为“Neither can I”。故选D。 6．Only then ______ that he had lost the chance of achieving his dream. A．he realized B．did he realized C．did he realize D．he did realize 【答案】C 【详解】句意：直到那时，他才意识到自己失去了一个实现梦想的机会。 考查倒装句。根据“he had lost a chance of achieving his dream.”可知，时态应为一般过去时，又因“Only+状语从句、副词、介词短语”放在句首时要用部分倒装，即使用助动词，且助动词提前到主语的前面，后接动词原形。故选C。 ■练思维 1．My father ________ exercise regularly, but since he joined the gym, he works out every day. A．didn’t used to B．didn’t use to C．were used to D．doesn’t use to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父亲过去不常锻炼，但自从他加入健身房后，他每天都锻炼。 考查used to的用法。根据“but since he joined the gym, he works out every day.”可知，空处是指父亲过去不常锻炼，used to“过去常常”，其否定式为didn’t use to。故选B。 2．—Must I hand in my homework today? —No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我今天必须交作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天交。 考查一般疑问句的回答。needn’t不必；mustn’t不能，表示禁止；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“You can hand it in tomorrow.”可知，作业可以明天交，不必今天交。“must”提问时，否定回答用“needn’t”表示“不必”。故选A。 3．—So many teenagers are sitting in the stands. ________ will the basketball game begin? —________ nine thirty. A．When; Not until B．How long; Not until C．When; Until D．How long; Until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这么多青少年坐在看台上。篮球比赛什么时候开始？——直到九点半才开始。 考查疑问词辨析和短语用法。第一空询问时间点（begin为瞬间动作），When（什么时候）表示时间点，How long（多久）表示时间段，不符句意；第二空回答开始时间，Not until（直到……才）强调延迟开始，Until（直到）表示持续到某个时间，不符begin的瞬间性。故选A。 4．—________ does it take for short-term memories to become long-term memories? —With repeated reviews, it usually takes days or weeks. A．How long B．How much C．How fast D．How soon 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——短期记忆变成长期记忆需要多长时间？——通过反复复习，通常需要几天或几周。 考查疑问词短语辨析。How long多长时间，对一段时间进行提问；How much多少，对数量或价格进行提问；How fast多快，对速度进行提问；How soon多久以后，对将来的一段时间进行提问，通常用于一般将来时。根据答语“it usually takes days or weeks.”可知，此处是在询问短期记忆变成长期记忆需要的时间长度，所以应该用How long。故选A。 5．—________ do you study for a test? —I usually study by working with my friends. A．How B．When C．Why D．Where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你如何为考试而学习？——我通常通过和我的朋友们一起学习来备考。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。How如何，怎样；When什么时候；Why为什么；Where在哪里。根据答语“I usually study by working with my friends.”可知，这里是在询问备考的方式，即“如何为考试而学习”，所以应该用特殊疑问词“How”来提问。故选A。 6．—_________ is the Chang’an Street? I want to cycle on it someday. —About 4 kilometers. A．How soon B．How long C．How much D．How often 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——长安街有多长？我想有一天在上面骑车。——大约4公里。 考查特殊疑问句。how soon多久之后；how long多长；how much多少；how often多久一次。根据“About 4 kilometers.”可知此处是询问长度，疑问词用how long。故选B。 7．Cayla spent her pocket money on her clothes, ________ she? A．did B．didn’t C．does D．doesn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Cayla把零花钱花在衣服上，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据前文“Cayla spent her pocket money on her clothes,”可知，主句为肯定句，且时态为一般过去时，所以反义疑问句要用否定形式，助动词用did，反问部分应用否定形式didn’t。故选B。 8．You’re never late for your tennis training, ________? A．do you B．won’t you C．are you D．don’t you 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你网球训练从不迟到，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，且疑问部分的时态，人称要与前文保持一致。根据前文“You’re never late...”可知，此处前文是否定句，never表示否定含义，所以疑问部分用肯定形式，前文是be动词are，所以此处疑问部分也用are。故选C。 9．Don’t forget to close the window, ________? A．do you B．have you C．will you D．did you 【答案】C 【详解】句意：别忘了关窗户，好吗？ 考查反意疑问句。 根据“Don’t forget to close the window”可知，该句为否定祈使句，否定祈使句的反意疑问句部分应用“will you”。故选C。 10．—Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? — _____ A．Sure, I would. B．Yes, please. C．Yes, both. D．Neither, thank you. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你想喝什么，茶还是咖啡？——都不要，谢谢。 考查情景交际。Sure, I would.当然，我会；Yes, please.是的，请；Yes, both.是的，都要；Neither, thank you.都不要，谢谢。根据“Which would you rather have, tea or coffee?”可知，句子是选择疑问句，不能用yes/no回答，要作出具体的回答，故选D。 11．—Jane! Would you like to study with AI teachers or real teachers? —______. They can notice my feelings and cheer me up. A．Yes, I will B．No, I won’t C．I prefer real teachers D．I prefer AI teachers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——简，你愿意跟人工智能老师学习还是跟真正的老师学习？——我更喜欢真正的老师。他们能注意到我的感受，让我振作起来。 考查选择疑问句的答语。根据“Would you like to study with AI teachers or real teachers?”可知，空处是选择疑问句的答语；根据“They can notice my feelings and cheer me up.”可知，此处表示更喜欢真正的老师。故选C。 12．—Do you improve your spoken English by communicating with others or listening to English stories? —________. I make lots of new friends in this way, too. A．Yes, I do B．I like English very much C．No, I don’t D．By communicating with others 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你是通过与他人交流还是听英语故事来提高你的英语口语呢？——通过与他人交流。我也用这种方式结交了很多新朋友。 考查选择疑问句。根据“Do you improve your spoken English by communicating with others or listening to English stories?”可知，问句是选择疑问句，回答时应选择其中一种方式来作答，因此可排除A、C选项；根据“I make lots of new friends in this way, too.”可知，此处应该是“与他人交流” 这种方式，故选D。 13．Don’t ________ the glass on the corner of the table. A．lie B．lay C．laid D．lain 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要放置玻璃杯在桌角上。 考查动词辨析及祈使句用法。lie躺/位于（不及物动词，原形）；lay放置（及物动词，原形）；laid放置（lay的过去式/过去分词）；lain躺（lie的过去分词）。根据“Don’t”可知，本句是否定祈使句，谓语动词应用原形，空后接有宾语“the glass”，说明该动词必须是及物动词。llay符合语境。故选B。 14．Never ________ lies to your parents. They will be sad. A．tell B．telling C．to tell D．tells 【答案】A 【详解】句意：永远不要对你的父母撒谎。他们会伤心的。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“Never”可知，本句是一个否定祈使句，用于表示劝告或禁止。祈使句的谓语动词应用原形，构成“Never+动词原形”结构。故选A。 15．Please ________ the instructions carefully to complete the experiment. A．following B．follow C．follows D．followed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请仔细遵循说明以完成实验。    考查动词形式辨析。根据句子结构，空格处需要填入动词原形构成祈使句，表示“请做某事”。选项中只有follow是动词原形，符合语法要求。故选B。 16．Please ________ the table. Let’s have dinner together. A．lied B．lay C．laid D．lie 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请摆放好桌子，我们一起吃晚餐吧。 考查祈使句和动词辨析。lied说谎，过去式；lay摆放，动词原形；laid摆放，过去式；lie躺，动词原形。根据“Please…the table.”可知，句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头，且此处表示“摆放”桌子，应用动词lay。故选B。 17．Be careful, ________ you’ll make mistakes in your exams. A．and B．or C．nor D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小心点，否则你会在考试中犯错。 考查连词辨析。and和；or否则；nor也不；but但是。根据“Be careful,...you’ll make mistakes in your exams.”可知，此处表示否则你会在考试中犯错，该句为“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，故选B。 18．It’s rainy today. You’d better take your umbrella, ______ you’ll get wet. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天下雨了。你最好带上你的雨伞，否则你会淋湿。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or否则；so所以。根据“You’d better take your umbrella”和“you’ll get wet”可知，前半句建议带伞，后半句表示不带伞的负面后果，需用or表示“否则”。故选C。 19．—How about going to ________ European country on vacation? —________ good advice! That sounds very interesting! A．a; What B．an; What C．a; How D．an; How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——去一个欧洲国家度假怎么样？——多好的建议啊！听起来很有趣！ 考查冠词及感叹句。a一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前。European以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；advice是不可数名词，用What引导感叹句，结构为What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！故选A。 20．—What _________ amazing news it is! —Surely it is _________ unusual event for the city’s public transport. A．the; a B．a; an C．/; an D．an; a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这是多么令人惊奇的消息啊！——对于这个城市的公共交通来说，这的确是一件不寻常的事。 考查冠词辨析。a一个，不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。第一空所在句是感叹句，结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”，news为不可数名词，前面不用冠词修饰；第二空修饰单数名词event，且unusual是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故选C。 21．But ________ terrible the situation has become! I can hardly get any sleep in the night now. What shall I do? A．how B．what C．how a D．what a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：但是情况已经变得多糟糕啊！我现在夜里几乎无法入睡。我该怎么办？ 考查感叹句。感叹句中，how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词。根据“But...terrible the situation has become!”可知，本句是感叹句，中心词为形容词terrible，所以需用how引导此感叹句，此感叹句的结构是“how+形容词+主语+谓语”。故选A。 22．Technology develops increasingly fast and brings us much convenience. ________ important computers are! A．How B．What C．How the D．What the 【答案】A 【详解】句意：技术发展得越来越快，给我们带来了很多便利。电脑是多么重要啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。此句为感叹句，且中心词为形容词“important”，符合结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”的感叹句。故选A。 23．— All of my classmates have passed the English test. — ________ exciting the news is! A．How B．How an C．What D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我所有的同学都通过英语考试了。——这消息多令人兴奋啊！ 考查感叹句的用法。How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语；How an搭配错误；What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语；What an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。根据“...exciting the news is!”可知，exciting为形容词，the news is为主谓，how+形容词/副词+主谓。故选A。 24．—I have never visited a paper factory. _________. A．So do I B．So have I C．Neither have I D．Neither do I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我从没参观过造纸厂。——我也没参观过。 考查倒装句用法。“so+助动词+主语”表示“主语也……（用于肯定句）”；“neither+助动词+主语”表示“主语也不……（用于否定句）”。原句含否定词“never”，是否定句，且原句助动词为“have”，因此用“Neither have I”，符合语境，故选C。 25．—I have little time for my hobbies because of too much homework. —________ . A．So have I B．So do I C．Neither have I D．Neither do I 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——因为作业太多，我几乎没有时间用于我的爱好。——我也一样没有时间。 考查倒装句。根据前文“I have little time for my hobbies because of too much homework.”可知，little表示否定含义，因此这是一个否定陈述。在英语中，回应否定陈述时，应使用“neither+助动词+主语”的结构，且原句中的have是实义动词，而非助动词，因此助动词需用do。故选D。 26．If you don’t go to his birthday party next Friday, ________. A．so do I B．so will I C．nor do I D．nor will I 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你下周五不去参加他的生日聚会，那我也不会去了。 考查动词的时态及倒装句。根据“If you don’t go to his birthday party next Friday,”并结合选项可知，此处表示一种情况也适用于另一个人，且表示否定含义，故用neither或nor。题干中If引导条件状语从句，主句的时态应该是一般将来时。故选D。 27．On the right of the playground ________ a classroom building with twenty classrooms. A．are B．is C．be D．am 【答案】B 【详解】句意：操场的右边是一栋有20间教室的教学楼。 考查主谓一致。此句是一个倒装句的结构，主语是“a classroom building”，be动词用is，故选B。 28．To the west of our school__________ some bookstores and a park. A．lies B．lie C．has D．have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一些书店和一个公园位于我们学校的西部。 考查动词和主谓一致。lies位于，动词的第三人称单数；lie位于；has有，动词的第三人称单数；have有。地点状语“To the west of our school”位于句首，是全部倒装，句子的主语是“some bookstores and a park”，一些书店和一个公园是复数概念，谓语动词用lie表示“位于”。故选B。 29．Only when we work together __________. A．we can get better grades B．we should achieve our dreams C．can we solve the problem D．we need to improve ourselves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：只有当我们一起合作时，才能解决这个问题。 考查倒装句。在英语中，“only+状语”置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。A选项“we can get better grades” 、B选项“we should achieve our dreams”和D选项“we need to improve ourselves”均为正常语序，不符合“only+状语”置于句首时的句子结构要求；C选项“can we solve the problem”是部分倒装结构，符合此倒装结构。故选C。 30．—Tom finished his work yesterday.    —________, and ________. A．So he did; so did I B．So did he; so I did C．So he did; so I did D．So did he; so did I 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆昨天完成了他的工作。——他这么做了，我也这么做了。 考查倒装句。第一个空表示肯定对方所述事实，使用结构 “So + 主语 + 助动词”，原句谓语为实义动词，助动词用did，故用 So he did。第二个空：表示“我也一样”，使用结构 “So + 助动词 + 主语”。对方想表达“我也完成了工作”，因此用 so did I。故选A。 ■测综合 一、完形填空 【试题亮点】介绍了莉莉和妈妈为给爸爸准备特别的生日惊喜的故事。考点切合本专题，如第15小题考查感叹句。 “Lily, do you know what important day is coming this weekend?” asked Mom. “It’s Dad’s birthday!” shouted Lily. “What should we prepare as a 1 for him?” That was the 2 . They racked their brains but couldn’t think of a good idea! Maybe they could buy him a new tie or write a birthday letter. But neither of these felt 3 enough for Dad, who always worked hard for the family. Both Mom and Lily 4 how to make Dad’s birthday a big surprise. They asked Grandma for advice. After half an hour of talking, they smiled at each other—they finally had a 5 ! On Saturday morning, Grandma 6 Lily and Mom early, even before the birds started singing. Quietly and quickly, the three of them began to 7 . Mom baked a chocolate cake with Dad’s favorite nuts, Grandma cut colorful paper to make decorations, and Lily 8 the paper stars and balloons around the living room. Soon the room looked really 9 . Then they went into the 10 . “Let’s cook Dad’s favorite breakfast!” Mom said softly and started giving 11 . Lily washed the vegetables, Grandma fried eggs, and Mom made a pot of hot soybean milk. 12 , they set the table with a clean tablecloth and put the cake in the center. There was also a glass of 13 orange juice next to each plate. Dad walked out of the bedroom and saw everything. Lily and Mom 14 to him, gave him a hug and said, “Happy birthday, Dad!” “What an amazing 15 !” Dad laughed happily, his eyes filled with joy. It was the most unforgettable birthday he had ever had. 1．A．praise B．present C．promise D．prize 2．A．answer B．reason C．problem D．decision 3．A．special B．simple C．expensive D．easy 4．A．knew B．learned C．forgot D．wondered 5．A．dream B．plan C．chance D．product 6．A．woke up B．made up C．looked after D．ran after 7．A．exercise B．read C．work D．play 8．A．broke B．bought C．hid D．hung 9．A．clean B．empty C．beautiful D．huge 10．A．garden B．bedroom C．kitchen D．study 11．A．choices B．challenges C．invitations D．instructions 12．A．Quietly B．Carelessly C．Suddenly D．Usually 13．A．cool B．fresh C．strange D．terrible 14．A．agreed B．rushed C．pointed D．complained 15．A．surprise B．joke C．flower D．card 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了莉莉和妈妈为给爸爸准备特别的生日惊喜的故事。 1．句意：我们应该为他准备什么作为礼物呢？ praise称赞；present礼物；promise承诺；prize奖品。根据“It’s Dad’s birthday!”可知，此处是指爸爸的生日，应该准备的是礼物。故选B。 2．句意：那是个难题。 answer答案；reason原因；problem问题；decision决定。根据“They racked their brains but couldn’t think of a good idea!”可知，她们绞尽脑汁却想不出好主意，因此此处指准备什么礼物是难题。故选C。 3．句意：但这些对一直为家庭辛勤付出的爸爸来说，都不够特别。 special特别的；simple简单的；expensive昂贵的；easy容易的。根据“But neither of these felt...enough for Dad, who always worked hard for the family.”可知，此处指对一直为家庭辛勤付出的爸爸来说，都不够特别。故选A。 4．句意：妈妈和莉莉都想知道如何让爸爸的生日成为一个大大的惊喜。 knew知道；learned学习；forgot忘记；wondered想知道。根据“Both Mom and Lily...how to make Dad’s birthday a big surprise.”可知，如何给爸爸的生日制造大惊喜是她们想知道的内容。故选D。 5．句意：聊了半个小时后，她们相视一笑——终于有了一个计划！ dream梦想；plan计划；chance机会；product产品。根据“they finally had a...”可知，此处指他们有了计划。故选B。 6．句意：周六早上，奶奶很早就叫醒了莉莉和妈妈，甚至在鸟儿开始唱歌之前。 woke up叫醒；made up编造；looked after照顾；ran after追赶。根据“Grandma...Lily and Mom early”可知，此处指奶奶很早就叫醒了莉莉和妈妈。故选A。 7．句意：她们三人悄悄地、迅速地开始忙活起来。 exercise锻炼；read阅读；work工作；play玩。根据“Mom baked a chocolate cake with Dad’s favorite nuts, Grandma cut colorful paper to make decorations, and Lily...the paper stars and balloons around the living room.”可知，分别描述妈妈烤蛋糕、奶奶做装饰、莉莉布置客厅，说明她们开始分工干活。故选C。 8．句意：妈妈烤了一个加了爸爸最爱的坚果的巧克力蛋糕，奶奶剪彩纸做装饰，莉莉则把纸星星和气球挂在客厅各处。 broke打破；bought买；hid躲藏；hung悬挂。根据“and Lily...the paper stars and balloons around the living room.”可知，此处指悬挂纸星星和气球。故选D。 9．句意：很快，房间看起来非常漂亮。 clean干净的；empty空的；beautiful美丽的；huge大的。根据“Soon the room looked really...”可知，房间经过装饰后，应是漂亮的。故选C。 10．句意：然后她们走进了厨房。 garden花园；bedroom卧室；kitchen厨房；study书房。根据“Let’s cook Dad’s favorite breakfast!”可知，做早餐的地点是厨房。故选C。 11．句意：妈妈轻声说，然后开始分配任务。 choices选择；challenges挑战；invitations邀请；instructions指示。根据“Lily washed the vegetables, Grandma fried eggs, and Mom made a pot of hot soybean milk.”可知，莉莉洗菜、奶奶煎蛋、妈妈做豆浆，说明妈妈开始分配任务、下达指示。故选D。 12．句意：她们安静地铺好干净的桌布摆好餐桌，把蛋糕放在正中间。 Quietly安静地；Carelessly粗心地；Suddenly突然；Usually通常。根据“...they set the table with a clean tablecloth and put the cake in the center. ”可知，前文提到要给爸爸惊喜，因此她们摆桌子时应安静地进行，避免被爸爸发现。故选A。 13．句意：每个盘子旁边还放了一杯新鲜的橙汁。 cool酷的；fresh新鲜的；strange奇怪的；terrible糟糕的。根据“There was also a glass of...orange juice next to each plate.”可知，此处指新鲜的橙汁。故选B。 14．句意：莉莉和妈妈冲向他，给了他一个拥抱，说：“爸爸，生日快乐！” agreed同意；rushed冲；pointed指；complained抱怨。根据“Lily and Mom...to him”可知，此处指妈妈和莉莉冲向爸爸。故选B。 15．句意：多么棒的惊喜啊！ surprise惊喜；joke玩笑；flower花；card卡片。根据“make Dad’s birthday a big surprise.”可知，此处指惊喜。故选A。 二、语法填空 【试题亮点】介绍了上海网约车司机通过自学掌握多语种技能，为外国乘客提供便利服务，体现城市开放包容的形象。考查句子种类，如第10小题，考到感叹句。 In Shanghai, ride-hailing (网约车) drivers are drawing attention for their language skills. Many can speak more than four languages, making it 1 (easy) for foreigners to travel around than before. These drivers learn words and 2 (express) for daily use. Through study, they master plenty of languages by 3 (they) to communicate smoothly with passengers from other countries, making conversations more natural. This not only helps passengers feel more comfortable but also 4 (avoid) misunderstanding. The ability to speak different languages is 5 (especial) useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest. Drivers can explain traffic rules, suggest popular restaurants, or share local customs 6 (use) simple sentences. “My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well, 7 sometimes I still have to use translation apps to meet other needs which are difficult to understand.” said Wang Feng, a driver from Pudong, Shanghai. This effort shows Shanghai’s openness as 8 international city. By building language bridges, drivers not only provide a well-liked service but also make visitors feel welcome, helping the city connect with the world 9 a friendly way. 10 important to master a foreign language is! 【答案】 1．easier 2．expressions 3．themselves 4．avoids 5．especially 6．using 7．but 8．an 9．in 10．How 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了上海网约车司机通过自学掌握多语种技能，为外国乘客提供便利服务，体现城市开放包容的形象。 1．句意：许多人会说四种以上的语言，这使得外国人比以前更容易四处旅行。根据空格后“than before”，结合所给词可知，easy“容易的”，形容词，此处应填入其比较级形式easier，意为“更容易的”，指使得外国人比以前更容易四处旅行。故填easier。 2．句意：这些司机学习日常使用的单词和表达。分析句子“These drivers learn words and…for daily use.”，结合所给词可知，express“表达”，动词，此处应填入expressions，复数名词，与空格前“words”并列，作宾语。故填expressions。 3．句意：通过学习，他们自己掌握了大量的语言，以便与来自其他国家的乘客顺利交流，使对话更加自然。根据“they master plenty of languages by…”，结合所给词可知，they“他们”，主格人称代词，此处应填入其反身代词themselves，by themselves“通过他们自己”，指的是他们自己掌握了大量的语言。故填themselves。 4．句意：这不仅有助于乘客感到更舒适，还能避免误解。分析句子“This not only helps passengers feel more comfortable but also….misunderstanding.”可知，该句时态为一般现在时，且主语“This”是单数，结合所给词，此处应填入avoid的三单形式avoids，与“helps”作并列谓语。故填avoids。 5．句意：说不同语言的能力在繁忙的地方特别有用，如机场或名胜古迹。分析句子“The ability to speak different languages is…useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest.”，结合所给词可知，especial“特别的”，形容词，此处应填入其副词形式especially，修饰形容词useful，意为“特别地”，指说不同语言的能力在繁忙的地方特别有用。故填especially。 6．句意：司机可以解释交通规则，推荐受欢迎的餐馆，或者用简单的句子分享当地的风俗。分析句子“Drivers can explain traffic rules, suggest popular restaurants, or share local customs…simple sentences.”，结合所给词可知，use“使用”，动词，此处应填入其动名词形式using，作方式状语，指用简单的句子分享当地的风俗。故填using。 7．句意：“我简单的语言通常足以让旅行顺利进行，但有时我仍然必须使用翻译应用程序来满足其他难以理解的需求。”来自上海浦东的司机王峰说。分析句子“My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well,…sometimes I still have to use translation apps to meet other needs which are difficult to understand.”可知，空格前后构成转折关系，所以此处应填入but，并列连词，表转折，意为“但是”符合语境。故填but。 8．句意：这种努力显示了上海作为一个国际城市的开放性。根据空格后“international city”可知，此处泛指一个国际城市，且international是以元音音素开头，此处应填入不定冠词an，表泛指。故填an。 9．句意：通过建立语言桥梁，司机不仅提供了受欢迎的服务，还让游客感到受欢迎，有助于城市以友好的方式与世界联系。根据“helping the city connect with the world…a friendly way”可知，此处应填入in，方式介词，意为“通过，以”，指有助于城市以友好的方式与世界联系。故填in。 10．句意：掌握一门外语是多么重要啊！分析句子“…important to master a foreign language is!”可知，该句是感叹句，且空格后“important”是形容词，所以此处应用how引导感叹句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填How。 8 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题15 句子种类 目 录 刷考点 精准巩固，扫清盲区 考点1 感叹句 考点2 祈使句 考点3 倒装句 练思维 聚焦过程，优化策略 测综合 跨界融合，挑战创新 ■刷考点 考点1 感叹句 1．The aeroplane makes the world much smaller. ________ great invention it is! A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 2．—________ strange clothes Nancy is wearing! —So she is. I like the style of her clothes. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 3．________ important work the teachers are doing! Let’s show our respect for them. A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 4．________ helpful the speech is! It tells us how to spend money wisely. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 5．________ beautifully little Elaine dances in front of the camera! A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 6．—________ I wish that I could get the best grades in the exams! —I believe that you will because you are always studying hard. A．How B．What C．Why D．When 考点2 祈使句 1．If you want to deal with the problem, ________ a word with Diana to get some advice now. A．have B．had C．can have D．will have 2．—Boys and girls, ________ in the rivers or pools. It’s not safe. —We won’t, thank you. A．don’t swim B．swim C．swimming D．don’t swimming 3．________ the rules, or you’ll be punished. A．Follow B．Don’t follow C．Following D．To follow 4．Walk slowly in the hallways, ________ you might get hurt. A．and B．but C．so D．or 5．________ others, and you will also learn a lot from it. A．Help B．To help C．Helping D．Helps 6．Work harder than before, ________ your dream will possibly come true. A．and B．but C．or D．so 考点3 倒装句 1．—We have to stop talking here outside. Listen! ________! —Hurry up, or we’ll be late. A．There goes the bell B．There does the bell go C．There the bell goes D．Goes the bell there 2．—The sports meeting will be held next week. I’m so excited! —________. A．So do I. B．Me neither. C．So am I. D．It’s boring. 3．Across the lake ________ a 17-hole bridge. A．is B．are C．do D．does 4．—What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word! —________. He’s from India, so I guess it is Hindi. A．Neither I can B．Neither can I C．Neither I do D．Neither do I 5．—What language is that guy speaking? I can’t catch a single word! —_________. He is from India, so I guess it is Hindi. A．Neither I can B．So can I C．So I can D．Neither can I 6．Only then ______ that he had lost the chance of achieving his dream. A．he realized B．did he realized C．did he realize D．he did realize ■练思维 1．My father ________ exercise regularly, but since he joined the gym, he works out every day. A．didn’t used to B．didn’t use to C．were used to D．doesn’t use to 2．—Must I hand in my homework today? —No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 3．—So many teenagers are sitting in the stands. ________ will the basketball game begin? —________ nine thirty. A．When; Not until B．How long; Not until C．When; Until D．How long; Until 4．—________ does it take for short-term memories to become long-term memories? —With repeated reviews, it usually takes days or weeks. A．How long B．How much C．How fast D．How soon 5．—________ do you study for a test? —I usually study by working with my friends. A．How B．When C．Why D．Where 6．—_________ is the Chang’an Street? I want to cycle on it someday. —About 4 kilometers. A．How soon B．How long C．How much D．How often 7．Cayla spent her pocket money on her clothes, ________ she? A．did B．didn’t C．does D．doesn’t 8．You’re never late for your tennis training, ________? A．do you B．won’t you C．are you D．don’t you 9．Don’t forget to close the window, ________? A．do you B．have you C．will you D．did you 10．—Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? — _____ A．Sure, I would. B．Yes, please. C．Yes, both. D．Neither, thank you. 11．—Jane! Would you like to study with AI teachers or real teachers? —______. They can notice my feelings and cheer me up. A．Yes, I will B．No, I won’t C．I prefer real teachers D．I prefer AI teachers 12．—Do you improve your spoken English by communicating with others or listening to English stories? —________. I make lots of new friends in this way, too. A．Yes, I do B．I like English very much C．No, I don’t D．By communicating with others 13．Don’t ________ the glass on the corner of the table. A．lie B．lay C．laid D．lain 14．Never ________ lies to your parents. They will be sad. A．tell B．telling C．to tell D．tells 15．Please ________ the instructions carefully to complete the experiment. A．following B．follow C．follows D．followed 16．Please ________ the table. Let’s have dinner together. A．lied B．lay C．laid D．lie 17．Be careful, ________ you’ll make mistakes in your exams. A．and B．or C．nor D．but 18．It’s rainy today. You’d better take your umbrella, ______ you’ll get wet. A．and B．but C．or D．so 19．—How about going to ________ European country on vacation? —________ good advice! That sounds very interesting! A．a; What B．an; What C．a; How D．an; How 20．—What _________ amazing news it is! —Surely it is _________ unusual event for the city’s public transport. A．the; a B．a; an C．/; an D．an; a 21．But ________ terrible the situation has become! I can hardly get any sleep in the night now. What shall I do? A．how B．what C．how a D．what a 22．Technology develops increasingly fast and brings us much convenience. ________ important computers are! A．How B．What C．How the D．What the 23．— All of my classmates have passed the English test. — ________ exciting the news is! A．How B．How an C．What D．What an 24．—I have never visited a paper factory. _________. A．So do I B．So have I C．Neither have I D．Neither do I 25．—I have little time for my hobbies because of too much homework. —________ . A．So have I B．So do I C．Neither have I D．Neither do I 26．If you don’t go to his birthday party next Friday, ________. A．so do I B．so will I C．nor do I D．nor will I 27．On the right of the playground ________ a classroom building with twenty classrooms. A．are B．is C．be D．am 28．To the west of our school__________ some bookstores and a park. A．lies B．lie C．has D．have 29．Only when we work together __________. A．we can get better grades B．we should achieve our dreams C．can we solve the problem D．we need to improve ourselves 30．—Tom finished his work yesterday.    —________, and ________. A．So he did; so did I B．So did he; so I did C．So he did; so I did D．So did he; so did I ■测综合 一、完形填空 【试题亮点】介绍了莉莉和妈妈为给爸爸准备特别的生日惊喜的故事。考点切合本专题，如第15小题考查感叹句。 “Lily, do you know what important day is coming this weekend?” asked Mom. “It’s Dad’s birthday!” shouted Lily. “What should we prepare as a 1 for him?” That was the 2 . They racked their brains but couldn’t think of a good idea! Maybe they could buy him a new tie or write a birthday letter. But neither of these felt 3 enough for Dad, who always worked hard for the family. Both Mom and Lily 4 how to make Dad’s birthday a big surprise. They asked Grandma for advice. After half an hour of talking, they smiled at each other—they finally had a 5 ! On Saturday morning, Grandma 6 Lily and Mom early, even before the birds started singing. Quietly and quickly, the three of them began to 7 . Mom baked a chocolate cake with Dad’s favorite nuts, Grandma cut colorful paper to make decorations, and Lily 8 the paper stars and balloons around the living room. Soon the room looked really 9 . Then they went into the 10 . “Let’s cook Dad’s favorite breakfast!” Mom said softly and started giving 11 . Lily washed the vegetables, Grandma fried eggs, and Mom made a pot of hot soybean milk. 12 , they set the table with a clean tablecloth and put the cake in the center. There was also a glass of 13 orange juice next to each plate. Dad walked out of the bedroom and saw everything. Lily and Mom 14 to him, gave him a hug and said, “Happy birthday, Dad!” “What an amazing 15 !” Dad laughed happily, his eyes filled with joy. It was the most unforgettable birthday he had ever had. 1．A．praise B．present C．promise D．prize 2．A．answer B．reason C．problem D．decision 3．A．special B．simple C．expensive D．easy 4．A．knew B．learned C．forgot D．wondered 5．A．dream B．plan C．chance D．product 6．A．woke up B．made up C．looked after D．ran after 7．A．exercise B．read C．work D．play 8．A．broke B．bought C．hid D．hung 9．A．clean B．empty C．beautiful D．huge 10．A．garden B．bedroom C．kitchen D．study 11．A．choices B．challenges C．invitations D．instructions 12．A．Quietly B．Carelessly C．Suddenly D．Usually 13．A．cool B．fresh C．strange D．terrible 14．A．agreed B．rushed C．pointed D．complained 15．A．surprise B．joke C．flower D．card 二、语法填空 【试题亮点】介绍了上海网约车司机通过自学掌握多语种技能，为外国乘客提供便利服务，体现城市开放包容的形象。考查句子种类，如第10小题，考到感叹句。 In Shanghai, ride-hailing (网约车) drivers are drawing attention for their language skills. Many can speak more than four languages, making it 1 (easy) for foreigners to travel around than before. These drivers learn words and 2 (express) for daily use. Through study, they master plenty of languages by 3 (they) to communicate smoothly with passengers from other countries, making conversations more natural. This not only helps passengers feel more comfortable but also 4 (avoid) misunderstanding. The ability to speak different languages is 5 (especial) useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest. Drivers can explain traffic rules, suggest popular restaurants, or share local customs 6 (use) simple sentences. “My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well, 7 sometimes I still have to use translation apps to meet other needs which are difficult to understand.” said Wang Feng, a driver from Pudong, Shanghai. This effort shows Shanghai’s openness as 8 international city. By building language bridges, drivers not only provide a well-liked service but also make visitors feel welcome, helping the city connect with the world 9 a friendly way. 10 important to master a foreign language is! 8 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $