寒假作业08 必修一、二七选五（巩固培优）高一英语译林版

限时练习：45min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 必修一、二 阅读理解七选五 七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考 察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连 贯性的洞察力。总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维 能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。 1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。 2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。 3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage 1 Reading is not just an important professional skill. It is also a way to enjoy informative, creative, and inspiring works of literature that enrich our life experiences. Like any skill worth mastering, a reading habit requires time to develop. ____1____ ____2____ When you read, read for the main idea of each paragraph, along with its supporting reasons. When you are building up reading skills, it can be helpful to read with a pencil in hand to take notes or underline the key idea of each paragraph. Look up unfamiliar words It is quite normal to meet with some unfamiliar words when reading. Merriam Webster online is a wonderful and thorough resource for defining unfamiliar words. ____3____ When you reach a good stopping point, return to each word and look it up, re-reading the sentence it appeared in. This helps understand the word and its usage in case there are different meanings. Become familiar with literary devices Particularly if you are a fan of novels and short stories, becoming familiar with common literary tools like metaphor, simile, parallel structure and personification is an important part being a better reader. ____4____ Don’t rush Reading for learning and enjoyment is never a sprint (冲刺). Instead, take your time and and advance your skills and development at your own pace. ____5____ Each day, as you read, your mind will take the reading skills it learned before and apply them again, often with greater efficiency. A. Read for content B. Read to get the author’s attitude C. You will be an excellent reader if you stick. D. Simply underline or make a list of these words. E. Understanding them can enrich the reading experience greatly. F. To enjoy your reading, practicing good reading skills is a must. G. Do not get discouraged if you are a slow reader, especially at first. Passage 2 In many ways, life has become far more comfortable and convenient in the past few decades. ____6____ Here, we look at three of the most serious environmental problems we are currently facing. Air Pollution The main cause of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels by vehicles and power plants. Other human activities, such as construction and the burning of waste, also contribute to air pollution. The effects on our health can be very serious. You can easily contribute to reducing air pollution by only using a car to make journeys when it’s absolutely necessary. ____7____ Global Warming Global warming is the increase in the temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans. It’s caused by the build-up of carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the atmosphere. These trap the Sun’s heat and warm up the planet. Global warming has already caused a wide range of problems. ____8____ Countries around the world have faced extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods and heat waves. Overflowing Landfills Landfills are used for waste disposal (处理) in many countries around the world. However, these landfills are now nearing their limit. When this happens, the chances of dangerous chemicals in the waste entering our water supply increase. The amount of waste in landfills in China has risen sharply over the last ten years. ____9____ Some cities, such as Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, among others, are leading the way and have promised to send “zero waste to landfill!”. ____10____ They believe that, although recycling waste is effective, the most effective way of solving the problem of overflowing landfills is to encourage people to take responsibility for reducing the waste they produce themselves. A. If it isn’t, try using public transport instead. B. Sea levels are rising due to the melting of polar ice sheets. C. However, this has come at a huge cost to the environment. D. This resulted in the flooding of the River Po near Turin in Italy. E. For instance, that in Hong Kong is likely to reduce within a few years. F. Thus, the government is now trying to find alternative waste disposal methods. G. Apart from the three Rs, some experts have called for the fourth R—Responsibility. 1、 学校生活 Starting senior high school is an exciting new chapter in your life. However, the heavier workload and more challenging courses can make it stressful at first. The good news is that with the right strategies, you can quickly adjust and thrive academically. 1 2 Unlike junior high, senior high requires more independent learning. You should get in the habit of planning your study schedule in advance. For example, use a planner to note down homework deadlines and exam dates. This way, you won’t miss any important tasks or feel overwhelmed by last-minute struggling. Active participation in class is another key tip. 3 Don’t be afraid to raise your hand and share your ideas. Teachers often appreciate students who engage with the lesson, and this also helps you stay focused and understand the material better. If you don’t understand something, ask questions immediately instead of waiting until it’s too late. Developing effective note-taking skills is essential too. 4 Instead of writing down every word the teacher says, focus on key points and main ideas. You can use abbreviations or symbols to make note-taking faster. After class, review your notes and organize them to reinforce your memory. Finally, don’t forget to take care of yourself. Getting enough sleep, eating healthy meals, and exercising regularly are all important for your academic performance. 5 By balancing study and self-care, you’ll be able to stay energetic and perform well in senior high. A．Here are some practical tips to help you. B．Time management is crucial for success. C．Senior high school is very different from college. D．Taking notes can help you remember what you learn. E．You should always finish your homework on time. F．A tired body can’t focus on studying effectively. G．It means paying attention and interacting with teachers and classmates. 2、 亲子关系 Getting Along Well with Parents Parent-child relationship is one of the most important relationships in our growth. But sometimes, we may have small conflicts with our parents because of different ideas. In fact, as long as we master some simple methods, we can make the relationship more harmonious. Here are some practical tips to help you get along better with your parents. 1 When your parents talk to you, put down your phone or books, look them in the eyes, and listen to them carefully until they finish. This shows that you pay attention to what they are saying. Don’t interrupt them halfway or rush to argue. Listening not only helps you understand your parents’ thoughts, but also makes them feel respected. Take the Initiative to Share Your Life Parents always care about our daily life, but they may not know how to ask. 2 For example, when you get home, tell them interesting things at school, your interactions with classmates, or small difficulties you meet in study. Taking the initiative to share can shorten the distance between you, making parents feel you are willing to communicate with them instead of shutting them out. Understand Parents from Another Perspective Sometimes we feel that parents don’t understand us, but on the other hand, we may not think from their side either. 3 Their requirements may be a bit strict, but their starting point is always to make us better. When you doubt your parents’ actions, try to think: “If I were a parent, what would I do?” This may help reduce many unnecessary conflicts. Express Your Ideas Politely If your parents’ ideas are different from yours, don’t lose your temper or resist in silence. 4 For example, use sentences like “Mom/Dad, I know you care about me, but I think…” This way, you show respect for them and clearly express your own views. A polite way of communication is easier for parents to accept your ideas and avoid the escalation of conflicts. Show Care Through Small Actions Besides verbal communication, some small actions can also make parents feel your love. 5 For example, take the initiative to help Mom wash the dishes, give Dad a back rub, or say “Happy Birthday” to them on their special day. These little things are simple but can warm their hearts. A．It’s important to keep calm and talk to them politely. B．Learn to Listen Carefully. C．They have more life experience and just want to protect you. D．You don’t need to do big things to make them happy. E．So take the first step to share your life with them. F．Parents are always the people who love us the most in the world. G．Try to talk to your parents every day, even for a short time. 3、 人际关系—友谊 Reviving (恢复) a friendship is totally possible. Your friendship might come back much stronger. So don’t give up on your friend. Here’re some ways for you to reconnect. Send your friend a message or text to break the ice. ___1___ Ask your friend a question or send a funny meme (表情包). If it’s been a while, tell your friend you miss him and want to get your friendship back. ___2___ Clear the air when you start talking again so you can start your friendship fresh. Talk to your friend about what went wrong. Then, tell your friend you know you did something wrong and explain that you’re sorry. Promise to do your best not to hurt him again. Make plans with your friend so you don’t lose touch again. Act now instead of saying you’ll make plans later. Make a list of activities you and your friend both like to do. Include activities you both used to do together and new things you can try together to make fresh memories. ___3___ Celebrate your friend’s important events and achievements. ___4___ Remember his birthday and wish him happy holidays. Additionally, check in with him to see how things are going so you can cheer him on toward his goals. Focus on creating new memories together. ___5___ But don’t let that get you down. Instead, enjoy the friendship you have now. Do fun things with your friend, talk to him often, and try new activities. In time, your friendship can be much better. A. Then start scheduling your hangouts. B. Don’t wait for your friend to reach out. C. Your friendship will soon come to an end. D. Apologize if you and your friend had a falling out. E. Your friendship might not be the same as it was before. F. Don’t take your friend’s silence seriously as it may not be about you. G. Show your friend you really care about him by keeping up with his life. 4、 健康—减肥 Losing weight is a popular fitness goal: more than half of Americans list it as important to them. ____1____ While you will not achieve major weight loss without proper diet and exercise, there are a few things you can do to slim your stomach line without heading to the gym or starving yourself. Turn to foods that leave you feeling fuller longer. When it comes to reducing your stomach line, it’s not all about how much you eat, but also about what you eat. Certain foods give short “bursts” of energy and satisfaction, but leave you hungry before your next meal. ____2____ Get enough sleep. Sleeping doesn’t burn fat on its own, but it’s an important part of weight loss efforts. When you aren’t well-rested, it’s hard to motivate yourself to move. ____3____ You’ re more likely to eat junk food like hot dog and fried chicken when you’ re tired out. ____4____ Make an effort to spend time with people who have a healthy lifestyle, like walking, sports, cycling, nutritious home cooking and so on. Limit your time with people who have unhealthy hobbies like eating junk food, binge-drinking, and watching hour after hour of television. Start recording your weight. Some nutrition experts suggest that having a clear idea of your own weight can promote healthy living. ____5____ If the numbers start to go up, you’ll know that it’s time to reconsider your habits. A. It’s also hard to control desires for food. B. Find a fitness-positive support network. C. Many people are worried about their weight. D. Keeping a record of your weight really works. E. Eat fresh fruits and vegetables instead of processed snacks. F. The number you get will be close to your “true” average weight. G. Instead of these foods, focus on other choices that offer long-term satisfaction. 5、 电影 What makes great storytelling for film? There are some tips for filmmakers about the art of it. One of the most important elements of great storytelling for film is how the story is told. Great movies can throw curveballs (曲线球) that you don’t see coming. ___1___ The standard structure for any kind of storytelling is to introduce your characters, setting and genre at the start. Any problems should be encountered somewhere in the middle of the story. ___2___ If you’ve got a brilliant story, think about what would happen if you began your film with the ending. Try experimenting with the timing of events, and how the order can impact the audience’s view. With a clear structure, you should consider how to grab the audience’s attention quickly. ___3___ Your story may be wonderful, but if it takes too long to get into, you might lose your audience before you’ve got going. With so much competition, you need to act fast. Pay particular attention to the first 10 pages of your script. Remember that when reading the script, you should want to read on and be gripped. Let somebody read your script and ask them whether they want to continue on after 10 pages. ___4__ As with any content you create, understanding your audience is an important step. Who will want to watch this movie? What do they like doing and what interests them? ___5_ That can make it more attractive to the target audience. See if you can gather some statistic from any films that are in any way similar to the same genre. From this, you can judge who usually enjoys the genre, and who you can tailor your screenplay to. All in all, everything that goes into making a film, from costume choices to special effects, is there to reinforce the story. Next time, let’s talk more about the topic. A. The end involves the issues being resolved. B. Don’t forget to focus on character development. C. In the modern world everything moves at a fast speed. D. If so, that desire can be ten times stronger in your film. E. But they have a structure that isn’t too confusing to follow. F. Doing market research will help you revise your film’s screenplay. G. Making choices about the timing of events can heighten their impact. 6、 健康—运动 There is something magical about exploring the great outdoors and hiking. Whether you’re a sustaining or new hiker, hiking offers advantages for your body, mind and spirit. Increase physical fitness Hiking is an excellent way to improve your overall fitness. Although other forms of exercise are great for your health, hiking has unique advantages that can’t be produced by a running machine. 1 Improve mental well-being (心理健康) 2 Spending time in nature, including hiking, can help lift your spirits, increase your self-confidence and sometimes reduce anxiety. The mix of physical activity, fresh air and the calming effects of nature can have a strong effect on your mental well-being. Strengthen social connections Whether you go on a hike with friends or join a hiking group, the shared experiences can be highly advantageous and can create wonderful shared memories. Hiking is hard. 3 So invite a friend or join a local hiking group, and experience the happiness of connecting with others while exploring nature. Improve cognitive function (认知功能) Doing physical activity in nature activates the brain, leading it to improve focus, creativity and problem-solving skills. Research showed that spending time in nature can improve cognitive function. 4 A drop in spending time in nature and in physical activity can possibly cause a cognitive decline (下降). Develop environmental awareness (意识) Exploring paths, forests and mountains can help you connect to nature and develop a greater understanding of the need to protect the environment. Keep in mind a few things while hiking— being careful about creating fires, treating wildlife with care and making sure to bring things with you in order not to litter. 5 A．And the opposite is also true. B．You can feel a sense of community. C．By hiking, you can actively help your planet. D．But hiking as a group helps people stay focused and energized. E．Hiking offers a much-needed break from the stresses of daily life. F．How long you need to be among nature depends on how active you’ve been. G．You can improve your strength and health while enjoying the great outdoors. 7、 节日与风俗 In Russia, guests almost receive a warm welcome. People in the country go out of their way to make sure visitors have everything. In ancient Russia, bread and salt symbolized boom and health, so hosts would put on their best clothes and offer bread together with salt to their guests. ____16____ No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat — no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb. Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world. ____17____ During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century — only afterwards did salt become affordable. ____18____ According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat. ____19____ An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will reconcile (和解). In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists. ____20____ Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other. A. It was believed this gesture expressed rudeness. B. Bread in Russia culture is considered an important thing. C. Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings. D. Many foreigners visiting Russia have come across a strange welcome. E. This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties. F. But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it. G. That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests. 8、 文学 Literature holds great importance in shaping our thoughts and ideas. It offers intellectual and emotional enrichment. 1 It goes beyond simple storytelling, acting as a gateway to knowledge, culture, and history while encouraging us to reflect on our place in the world. A glimpse (一瞥) into the past. 2 Thus it preserves history and providing a window into the lives, cultures, and challenges of previous eras. It captures the essence of different periods, revealing human experiences that shaped those moments. Through literary works, we are transported to bygone eras, gaining a deeper appreciation for the struggles and successes of those who came before us. Understanding ourselves. Literature serves as a mirror, reflecting aspects of our lives and emotions, prompting self-discovery. Through the experiences and journeys of fictional characters, readers find opportunities to examine their own thoughts, feelings, and actions. 3 Knowledge of human psyche (心灵). 4 It offers a window into the complexities of emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Through detailed descriptions of characters and their interactions, it uncovers the underlying motivations and psychological frameworks that drive actions and decisions. 5 Literature opens a gateway to experiencing the traditions, beliefs, and ways of life of people in different parts of the world. Through its pages, readers are transported to unfamiliar settings. For instance, novels set in distant regions often weave in the historical, religious, and social fabrics of their settings. They reveal how people celebrate festivals and deal l with societal challenges. A．Developing critical thinking skills. B．Understanding cultures and beliefs. C．Literature serves as a mirror of the human experience. D．And it fosters creativity, empathy, and critical thinking. E．Literature serves as a bridge between the present and the past. F．It offers a space where ideas are challenged, and new viewpoints emerge. G．The process of self-reflection fosters greater awareness of personal values. 1、 任务型阅读 Click for a Friend? How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters? This was how things worked not so very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships without missing a beat. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. On social media sites, people tend to post only good things that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling photos can hide real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with criminals. But this doesn’t mean we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we are connected, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 1. 根据文本内容从方框中选择适当的词并用起正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。 post maintain technology person track attitude significance write conclude approach true interest ways of making friends ____1____ change of making friends) past People lost ____2____ of their friends when moving to a new town. The only way to stay in touch was ____3____ letters. present It’s easy to ____4____ friendships with social media tools. Online, people can easily make new friends with those who share their ____5____ online friendship real It can be true if people exchange true ____6____ information online. not real It might not be true because social media doesn’t present the whole ____7____ about a person, and people tend ____8____ only positive updates. ____9____ We should take an unprejudiced ___10_____ to online friendship. 根据文本内容回答下列问题。 11. What makes making friends change significantly? _________________________________________________________________________________12. What does the author want to discuss in writing the passage? _________________________________________________________________________________13. Do you think social media is beneficial to making friends? _________________________________________________________________________________ 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：45min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 必修一、二 阅读理解七选五 七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考 察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连 贯性的洞察力。总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维 能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。 1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。 2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。 3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage 1 Reading is not just an important professional skill. It is also a way to enjoy informative, creative, and inspiring works of literature that enrich our life experiences. Like any skill worth mastering, a reading habit requires time to develop. ____1____ ____2____ When you read, read for the main idea of each paragraph, along with its supporting reasons. When you are building up reading skills, it can be helpful to read with a pencil in hand to take notes or underline the key idea of each paragraph. Look up unfamiliar words It is quite normal to meet with some unfamiliar words when reading. Merriam Webster online is a wonderful and thorough resource for defining unfamiliar words. ____3____ When you reach a good stopping point, return to each word and look it up, re-reading the sentence it appeared in. This helps understand the word and its usage in case there are different meanings. Become familiar with literary devices Particularly if you are a fan of novels and short stories, becoming familiar with common literary tools like metaphor, simile, parallel structure and personification is an important part being a better reader. ____4____ Don’t rush Reading for learning and enjoyment is never a sprint (冲刺). Instead, take your time and and advance your skills and development at your own pace. ____5____ Each day, as you read, your mind will take the reading skills it learned before and apply them again, often with greater efficiency. A. Read for content B. Read to get the author’s attitude C. You will be an excellent reader if you stick. D. Simply underline or make a list of these words. E. Understanding them can enrich the reading experience greatly. F. To enjoy your reading, practicing good reading skills is a must. G. Do not get discouraged if you are a slow reader, especially at first. 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. D 4. E 5 G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个阅读技巧。 【1题详解】 段尾空。由上文“Like any skill worth mastering, a reading habit requires time to develop. (像任何值得掌握的技能一样，阅读习惯需要时间来培养)”可知，本空要说跟“阅读技巧”有关的话题，故F选项“To enjoy your reading, practicing good reading skills is a must. (要想享受阅读，必须练习良好的阅读技巧)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 【2题详解】 小标题空。由下文“When you read, read for the main idea of each paragraph, along with its supporting reasons. When you are building up reading skills, it can be helpful to read with a pencil in hand to take notes or underline the key idea of each paragraph. (当你阅读时，阅读每一段的主旨，以及支持它的理由。当你在培养阅读技巧的时候，手里拿着一支铅笔来做笔记或在每一段的重点下划线是很有帮助的)”可知，本空要说跟“阅读每一段的内容”有关的话题，故A选项“Read for content (阅读内容)”能总结本段段意，符合题意。故选A。 【3题详解】 段中空。由本段小标题“Look up unfamiliar words (查不熟悉的单词)”和下文“When you reach a good stopping point, return to each word and look it up, re-reading the sentence it appeared in. This helps understand the word and its usage in case there are different meanings. (当你读到一个好的停顿点时，回到每个单词并查找它，重新阅读它出现过的句子。这有助于理解单词及其用法，以防有不同的意思)”可知，本空要说跟“怎样处理不熟悉的单词”有关的话题，故D选项“Simply underline or make a list of these words. (只需在下面划线或列出这些单词)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 【4题详解】 段尾空。由本段小标题“Become familiar with literary devices (熟悉文学手法)”和上文“Particularly if you are a fan of novels and short stories, becoming familiar with common literary tools like metaphor, simile, parallel structure and personification is an important part being a better reader. (特别是如果你是小说和短篇小说的粉丝，熟悉常用的文学工具，如隐喻、明喻、平行结构和拟人是成为一个更好的读者的重要组成部分)”可知，本空要说跟“熟悉文学手法好处”有关的话题，故E选项“Understanding them can enrich the reading experience greatly. (了解它们可以极大地丰富阅读体验)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 【5题详解】 段中空。由本段小标题“Don’t rush (不要着急)”和上文“Reading for learning and enjoyment is never a sprint sprint (冲刺). Instead, take your time and advance your skills and development at your own pace. (为学习和享受而阅读从来不是短跑。相反，花点时间，按照自己的节奏提升自己的技能和发展)”可知，本空要说跟“阅读不能过急”有关的话题，故G选项“Do not get discouraged if you are a slow reader, especially at first. (如果你是一个慢读者，不要气馁，尤其是在刚开始的时候)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 Passage 2 In many ways, life has become far more comfortable and convenient in the past few decades. ____6____ Here, we look at three of the most serious environmental problems we are currently facing. Air Pollution The main cause of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels by vehicles and power plants. Other human activities, such as construction and the burning of waste, also contribute to air pollution. The effects on our health can be very serious. You can easily contribute to reducing air pollution by only using a car to make journeys when it’s absolutely necessary. ____7____ Global Warming Global warming is the increase in the temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans. It’s caused by the build-up of carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the atmosphere. These trap the Sun’s heat and warm up the planet. Global warming has already caused a wide range of problems. ____8____ Countries around the world have faced extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods and heat waves. Overflowing Landfills Landfills are used for waste disposal (处理) in many countries around the world. However, these landfills are now nearing their limit. When this happens, the chances of dangerous chemicals in the waste entering our water supply increase. The amount of waste in landfills in China has risen sharply over the last ten years. ____9____ Some cities, such as Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, among others, are leading the way and have promised to send “zero waste to landfill!”. ____10____ They believe that, although recycling waste is effective, the most effective way of solving the problem of overflowing landfills is to encourage people to take responsibility for reducing the waste they produce themselves. A. If it isn’t, try using public transport instead. B. Sea levels are rising due to the melting of polar ice sheets. C. However, this has come at a huge cost to the environment. D. This resulted in the flooding of the River Po near Turin in Italy. E. For instance, that in Hong Kong is likely to reduce within a few years. F. Thus, the government is now trying to find alternative waste disposal methods. G. Apart from the three Rs, some experts have called for the fourth R—Responsibility. 【答案】6. C 7. A 8. B 9. F 10. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类目前面临的三个最严重的环境问题：空气污染、全球变暖和漫溢的垃圾填埋场。 【6题详解】 段中空。上文“In many ways, life has become far more comfortable and convenient in the past few decades. (在过去的几十年里，生活在许多方面变得更加舒适和方便)”讲随着世界的发展人们的生活在许多方面变得更加舒适和方便，下文“Here, we look at three of the most serious environmental problems we are currently facing. (在这里，我们来看一下我们目前面临的三个最严重的环境问题)”讲人类面临着三个最严重的环境问题，该空必须与上文形成转折关系，讲明生活的舒适和方便是以牺牲环境为代价实现的，才能顺理成章引出下文讲三个最严重的环境问题，C选项“然而，这对环境造成了巨大的损失。”切合语境。故选C项。 【7题详解】 段尾空。上文“You can easily contribute to reducing air pollution by only using a car to make journeys when it’s absolutely necessary. (只要在绝对必要的时候开车出行，你就可以很容易地为减少空气污染做出贡献)”讲为减少空气污染做出贡献的一种策略，本段就两句话，所表达内涵要一致，该空也应讲为减少空气污染做出贡献的另一种策略，A选项“如果没有，试着使用公共交通工具。”切合语境。故选A项。 【8题详解】 段中空。该空应承接上文“Global warming has already caused a wide range of problems. (全球变暖已经造成了一系列问题)”讲全球变暖造成的问题，再结合下文“Countries around the world have faced extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods and heat waves. (世界各国都面临着飓风、洪水和热浪等极端天气条件)”和常识可知，海平面上升是全球变暖造成的问题之一，B选项“由于极地冰盖的融化，海平面正在上升。”切合语境。故选B项。 【9题详解】 段中空。上文“The amount of waste in landfills in China has risen sharply over the last ten years. (在过去的十年里，中国垃圾填埋场的垃圾量急剧上升)”讲中国垃圾填埋场垃圾越来越多，下文“Some cities, such as Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, among others, are leading the way and have promised to send “zero waste to landfill!”. (北京、深圳和上海等一些城市正在引领潮流，并承诺“零垃圾填埋”)”讲中国一些一线城市正在采取措施应对垃圾过多的问题，F选项“因此，政府现正设法寻找其他废物处理方法。”正好与上文形成因果关系，上文现象的出现导致相关应对策略的产生，才能引出下文用具体实例讲垃圾应对策略——零垃圾填埋。故选F项。 【10题详解】 段首空。由下文“They believe that, although recycling waste is effective, the most effective way of solving the problem of overflowing landfills is to encourage people to take responsibility for reducing the waste they produce themselves. (他们认为，尽管回收废物是有效的，但解决垃圾填埋场满溢问题的最有效方法是鼓励人们承担起减少自己产生的废物的责任)”可知，下文讲应对垃圾满溢的最有效方法是人们要承担减少自己产生垃圾的责任，G选项“除了三个R之外，一些专家还呼吁第四个R——责任。”中“Responsibility”与下文相呼应。故选G项。 1、 学校生活 Starting senior high school is an exciting new chapter in your life. However, the heavier workload and more challenging courses can make it stressful at first. The good news is that with the right strategies, you can quickly adjust and thrive academically. 1 2 Unlike junior high, senior high requires more independent learning. You should get in the habit of planning your study schedule in advance. For example, use a planner to note down homework deadlines and exam dates. This way, you won’t miss any important tasks or feel overwhelmed by last-minute struggling. Active participation in class is another key tip. 3 Don’t be afraid to raise your hand and share your ideas. Teachers often appreciate students who engage with the lesson, and this also helps you stay focused and understand the material better. If you don’t understand something, ask questions immediately instead of waiting until it’s too late. Developing effective note-taking skills is essential too. 4 Instead of writing down every word the teacher says, focus on key points and main ideas. You can use abbreviations or symbols to make note-taking faster. After class, review your notes and organize them to reinforce your memory. Finally, don’t forget to take care of yourself. Getting enough sleep, eating healthy meals, and exercising regularly are all important for your academic performance. 5 By balancing study and self-care, you’ll be able to stay energetic and perform well in senior high. A．Here are some practical tips to help you. B．Time management is crucial for success. C．Senior high school is very different from college. D．Taking notes can help you remember what you learn. E．You should always finish your homework on time. F．A tired body can’t focus on studying effectively. G．It means paying attention and interacting with teachers and classmates. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．G 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了应对高中学业压力的实用策略，包括时间管理、课堂参与、记笔记技巧及自我照顾等方面。 1．由上文“The good news is that with the right strategies, you can quickly adjust and thrive academically. (好消息是，有了正确的策略，你可以迅速调整并在学业上取得成功。)”及下文“Unlike junior high, senior high requires more independent learning. You should get in the habit of planning your study schedule in advance. (与初中不同，高中需要更多的自主学习。你应该养成提前规划学习计划的习惯。)”给出的具体建议可知，本空应强调下文有一些建议。A选项“Here are some practical tips to help you. (这里有一些实用的建议可以帮助你。)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 1．由下文“Unlike junior high, senior high requires more independent learning. You should get in the habit of planning your study schedule in advance. (与初中不同，高中需要更多的自主学习。你应该养成提前规划学习计划的习惯。)”可知，本段主要讲的是时间管理的重要性。B选项“Time management is crucial for success. (时间管理对成功至关重要。)”能够概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选B。 1．由上文“Active participation in class is another key tip. (积极参与课堂是另一个关键提示。)”及下文“Don’t be afraid to raise your hand and share your ideas. Teachers often appreciate students who engage with the lesson, and this also helps you stay focused and understand the material better. (不要害怕举手分享你的想法。老师通常欣赏积极参与课程的学生，这也有助于你保持专注，更好地理解材料。)”可知，本空应解释积极参与课堂的具体含义。G选项“It means paying attention and interacting with teachers and classmates. (这意味着要集中注意力并与老师和同学互动。)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 1．由上文“Developing effective note-taking skills is essential too. (培养有效的记笔记技巧也很重要。)”及下文“Instead of writing down every word the teacher says, focus on key points and main ideas. You can use abbreviations or symbols to make note-taking faster. After class, review your notes and organize them to reinforce your memory. (不要把老师说的每一个字都记下来，而是要关注重点和主要思想。你可以使用缩写或符号来加快记笔记的速度。课后，复习笔记并整理它们以增强记忆力。)”可知，本空应强调记笔记的好处及方法。D选项“Taking notes can help you remember what you learn. (记笔记可以帮助你记住所学的内容。)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 1．由上文“Finally, don’t forget to take care of yourself. Getting enough sleep, eating healthy meals, and exercising regularly are all important for your academic performance. (最后，别忘了照顾好自己。充足的睡眠、健康的饮食和定期锻炼对你的学业表现都很重要。)”可知，本空是在说明不照顾自己的坏处。F选项“A tired body can’t focus on studying effectively. (疲惫的身体无法有效地专注于学习。)”进一步解释了为什么需要照顾好自己，符合题意。故选F。 2、 亲子关系 Getting Along Well with Parents Parent-child relationship is one of the most important relationships in our growth. But sometimes, we may have small conflicts with our parents because of different ideas. In fact, as long as we master some simple methods, we can make the relationship more harmonious. Here are some practical tips to help you get along better with your parents. 1 When your parents talk to you, put down your phone or books, look them in the eyes, and listen to them carefully until they finish. This shows that you pay attention to what they are saying. Don’t interrupt them halfway or rush to argue. Listening not only helps you understand your parents’ thoughts, but also makes them feel respected. Take the Initiative to Share Your Life Parents always care about our daily life, but they may not know how to ask. 2 For example, when you get home, tell them interesting things at school, your interactions with classmates, or small difficulties you meet in study. Taking the initiative to share can shorten the distance between you, making parents feel you are willing to communicate with them instead of shutting them out. Understand Parents from Another Perspective Sometimes we feel that parents don’t understand us, but on the other hand, we may not think from their side either. 3 Their requirements may be a bit strict, but their starting point is always to make us better. When you doubt your parents’ actions, try to think: “If I were a parent, what would I do?” This may help reduce many unnecessary conflicts. Express Your Ideas Politely If your parents’ ideas are different from yours, don’t lose your temper or resist in silence. 4 For example, use sentences like “Mom/Dad, I know you care about me, but I think…” This way, you show respect for them and clearly express your own views. A polite way of communication is easier for parents to accept your ideas and avoid the escalation of conflicts. Show Care Through Small Actions Besides verbal communication, some small actions can also make parents feel your love. 5 For example, take the initiative to help Mom wash the dishes, give Dad a back rub, or say “Happy Birthday” to them on their special day. These little things are simple but can warm their hearts. A．It’s important to keep calm and talk to them politely. B．Learn to Listen Carefully. C．They have more life experience and just want to protect you. D．You don’t need to do big things to make them happy. E．So take the first step to share your life with them. F．Parents are always the people who love us the most in the world. G．Try to talk to your parents every day, even for a short time. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出亲子关系是成长过程中最重要的关系之一，而双方有时会因观念差异产生小矛盾，随后从认真倾听、主动分享生活、换位思考、礼貌表达想法、用小行动表达关心五个方面，给出了改善亲子关系、与父母友好相处的实用建议。​ 1．下文“When your parents talk to you, put down your phone or books, look them in the eyes, and listen to them carefully until they finish. This shows that you pay attention to what they are saying. Don’t interrupt them halfway or rush to argue. Listening not only helps you understand your parents’ thoughts, but also makes them feel respected. (当父母和你说话时，放下手机或书本，看着他们的眼睛，认真听他们把话说完。这表明你很重视他们说的内容。不要中途打断他们，也不要急于争辩。倾听不仅能帮你理解父母的想法，还能让他们感受到尊重。)”围绕“倾听父母话语”展开，详细说明了倾听的具体做法和意义。B项“学会认真倾听。”作为该段主旨句，精准概括下文核心内容，“listen carefully” 与下文的“listen to them carefully”直接呼应，符合段落主旨。故选B。​ 2．上文“Take the Initiative to Share Your Life (主动分享你的生活)”是该段主题句，且提到“Parents always care about our daily life, but they may not know how to ask.(父母总是关心我们的日常生活，但他们可能不知道该怎么问。)”，下文 “For example, when you get home, tell them interesting things at school, your interactions with classmates, or small difficulties you meet in study. (比如，回家后和他们讲讲学校里的趣事、和同学的相处日常，或是学习上遇到的小难题。)” 给出了主动分享生活的具体例子。E项“所以，迈出第一步，和他们分享你的生活吧。”承上启下，“so”承接上文父母关心却不知如何询问的现状，“share your life with them”呼应主题句，同时引出下文的具体分享案例，逻辑连贯。故选E。​ 3．上文“Understand Parents from Another Perspective (换位思考理解父母)”是该段主题句，且提到“Sometimes we feel that parents don’t understand us, but on the other hand, we may not think from their side either.(有时我们觉得父母不理解自己，但反过来，我们也可能没站在他们的角度考虑问题)”，下文“Their requirements may be a bit strict, but their starting point is always to make us better. (他们的要求可能有些严格，但出发点总是为了让我们变得更好。)”进一步解释了父母行为的初衷。C项“他们有着更丰富的人生阅历，只是想保护你。”承接上文，从父母的人生经验和保护子女的角度，阐释了为何要换位思考理解父母，“protect you”与下文“让我们变得更好” 的初衷相契合，符合段落逻辑。故选C。​ 4．上文“Express Your Ideas Politely (礼貌表达自己的想法)”是该段主题句，且提到“If your parents’ ideas are different from yours, don’t lose your temper or resist in silence.(如果父母的想法和你不一致，不要发脾气，也不要沉默抗拒)”，下文“For example, use sentences like “Mom/Dad, I know you care about me, but I think…” This way, you show respect for them and clearly express your own views. (比如，用“爸爸妈妈，我知道你们是关心我，但我觉得……”这样的句式。这样既表达了对他们的尊重，也清晰传递了自己的想法。)”给出了礼貌表达想法的具体句式。A项“保持冷静、礼貌地和他们沟通很重要。”承接上文，点明了面对观念分歧时的正确态度，“talk to them politely”呼应主题句，同时引出下文的具体表达案例，贴合语境。故选A。​ 5．上文“Show Care Through Small Actions (用小行动表达关心)”是该段主题句，且提到“Besides verbal communication, some small actions can also make parents feel your love. (除了语言沟通，一些小举动也能让父母感受到你的爱)”，下文“For example, take the initiative to help Mom wash the dishes, give Dad a back rub, or say “Happy Birthday” to them on their special day. (比如，主动帮妈妈洗碗、给爸爸捶捶背，或是在他们生日时送上一句 “生日快乐”。)”列举了具体的暖心小行动。D项“你不必做什么大事就能让他们开心。”承接上文，强调小行动的价值，“don’t need to do big things”与下文的洗碗、捶背等小举动相呼应，说明小行动也能传递关爱，逻辑通顺。故选D。 3、 人际关系—友谊 Reviving (恢复) a friendship is totally possible. Your friendship might come back much stronger. So don’t give up on your friend. Here’re some ways for you to reconnect. Send your friend a message or text to break the ice. ___1___ Ask your friend a question or send a funny meme (表情包). If it’s been a while, tell your friend you miss him and want to get your friendship back. ___2___ Clear the air when you start talking again so you can start your friendship fresh. Talk to your friend about what went wrong. Then, tell your friend you know you did something wrong and explain that you’re sorry. Promise to do your best not to hurt him again. Make plans with your friend so you don’t lose touch again. Act now instead of saying you’ll make plans later. Make a list of activities you and your friend both like to do. Include activities you both used to do together and new things you can try together to make fresh memories. ___3___ Celebrate your friend’s important events and achievements. ___4___ Remember his birthday and wish him happy holidays. Additionally, check in with him to see how things are going so you can cheer him on toward his goals. Focus on creating new memories together. ___5___ But don’t let that get you down. Instead, enjoy the friendship you have now. Do fun things with your friend, talk to him often, and try new activities. In time, your friendship can be much better. A. Then start scheduling your hangouts. B. Don’t wait for your friend to reach out. C. Your friendship will soon come to an end. D. Apologize if you and your friend had a falling out. E. Your friendship might not be the same as it was before. F. Don’t take your friend’s silence seriously as it may not be about you. G. Show your friend you really care about him by keeping up with his life. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. G 5. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何重新联系并恢复与朋友之间的友谊，给出了一些具体的建议和方法。 【1题详解】 根据上文“Send your friend a message or text to break the ice.(给你的朋友发信息或短信来打破僵局。)”可知，本段建议我们主动给朋友发消息。选项B“Don’t wait for your friend to reach out.(不要等你的朋友来联系你。)”与上文内容相符，指出我们应该主动联系朋友。故选B。 【2题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Clear the air when you start talking again so you can start your friendship fresh. Talk to your friend about what went wrong. Then, tell your friend you know you did something wrong and explain that you’re sorry. Promise to do your best not to hurt him again.(当你再次开始交谈时，要澄清误会，这样你们就可以重新开始新的友谊。和你的朋友谈谈哪里出了问题。然后，告诉你的朋友你知道你做错了，并表示歉意。承诺会尽力不再伤害他。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如果有矛盾了，要主动道歉。选项D“Apologize if you and your friend had a falling out.(如果你和你的朋友发生了争执，那就道歉。)”是本段内容的概述。故选D。 【3题详解】 根据上文内容“Act now instead of saying you’ll make plans later. Make a list of activities you and your friend both like to do. Include activities you both used to do together and new things you can try together to make fresh memories.(现在就行动起来，而不是说以后会制定计划。列出你和你的朋友都喜欢做的活动。包括你们以前一起做过的活动和你们可以一起尝试的新事物，以创造新的回忆。)”可知，作者建议现在就行动起来，首先列出自己和朋友都喜欢的活动。选项A“Then start scheduling your hangouts.(然后开始安排你们的聚会。)”与上文相符，指出首先列出自己和朋友都喜欢的活动，然后就开始安排聚会。故选A。 【4题详解】 根据下文内容“Remember his birthday and wish him happy holidays. Additionally, check in with him to see how things are going so you can cheer him on toward his goals.(记住他的生日，并祝他节日快乐。此外，问问他近况如何，这样你就可以鼓励他实现自己的目标。)”可知，下文指出多关心朋友的生活。选项G“Show your friend you really care about him by keeping up with his life.(通过关注他的生活来向你的朋友展示你真的关心他。)”与下文内容相符，指出通过关心朋友的生活来展示自己对他的关心。故选G。 【5题详解】 根据下文“But don’t let that get you down. Instead, enjoy the friendship you have now.(但不要让这使你沮丧。相反，享受你们现在的友谊。)”可推测，空处和过去的友谊有关。选项E“Your friendship might not be the same as it was before.(你们的友谊可能不再像以前一样了。)”与下文内容一致，指出我们和朋友的友谊可能和以前不一样，但是，我们可以享受现在的友谊。故选E。 4、 健康—减肥 Losing weight is a popular fitness goal: more than half of Americans list it as important to them. ____1____ While you will not achieve major weight loss without proper diet and exercise, there are a few things you can do to slim your stomach line without heading to the gym or starving yourself. Turn to foods that leave you feeling fuller longer. When it comes to reducing your stomach line, it’s not all about how much you eat, but also about what you eat. Certain foods give short “bursts” of energy and satisfaction, but leave you hungry before your next meal. ____2____ Get enough sleep. Sleeping doesn’t burn fat on its own, but it’s an important part of weight loss efforts. When you aren’t well-rested, it’s hard to motivate yourself to move. ____3____ You’ re more likely to eat junk food like hot dog and fried chicken when you’ re tired out. ____4____ Make an effort to spend time with people who have a healthy lifestyle, like walking, sports, cycling, nutritious home cooking and so on. Limit your time with people who have unhealthy hobbies like eating junk food, binge-drinking, and watching hour after hour of television. Start recording your weight. Some nutrition experts suggest that having a clear idea of your own weight can promote healthy living. ____5____ If the numbers start to go up, you’ll know that it’s time to reconsider your habits. A. It’s also hard to control desires for food. B. Find a fitness-positive support network. C. Many people are worried about their weight. D. Keeping a record of your weight really works. E. Eat fresh fruits and vegetables instead of processed snacks. F. The number you get will be close to your “true” average weight. G. Instead of these foods, focus on other choices that offer long-term satisfaction. 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. A 4. B 5. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了如何在不去健身房或节食的情况下减掉腹部赘肉。 【1题详解】 根据空格前的句子“Losing weight is a popular fitness goal: more than half of Americans list it as important to them.(减肥是一个流行的健身目标：超过一半的美国人将其列为重要目标)”可知，超过一半的美国人将减肥列为重要目标。这说明他们担心他们的体重问题，所以C项“Many people are worried about their weight.(很多人都担心自己的体重)”填入空格处，和上文是顺接关系，符合语境。故选C项。 【2题详解】 该部分的主题句“Turn to foods that leave you feeling fuller longer.(选择那些能让你长时间保持饱腹感的食物)”建议你选择那些能让你长时间保持饱腹感的食物。而空格前的句子“Certain foods give short “bursts” of energy and satisfaction, but leave you hungry before your next meal.(某些食物会给你短暂的能量和满足感，但会让你在下一餐之前感到饥饿)”提到的是给你短暂的能量和满足感的事物。所以，空格处的句子承接上文提出的问题并提供解决方案。所以，G项“Instead of these foods, focus on other choices that offer long-term satisfaction.(专注于其他提供长期满足感的选择，而不是这些食物)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 【3题详解】 根据空格后的句子“You’ re more likely to eat junk food like hot dog and fried chicken when you’ re tired out.(当你累的时候，你更有可能吃像热狗和炸鸡这样的垃圾食品)”可知，当你累的时候，更容易吃些垃圾食品，也就是说你很难控制自己的食欲，所以，A项“It’s also hard to control desires for food.(对食物的欲望也很难控制)”填入空格处和下文是顺接关系，符合下文的困倦容易导致垃圾食品摄入。故选A项。 【4题详解】 空格处是该部分的主题句。根据下文的内容“Make an effort to spend time with people who have a healthy lifestyle, like walking, sports, cycling, nutritious home cooking and so on. Limit your time with people who have unhealthy hobbies like eating junk food, binge-drinking, and watching hour after hour of television.(努力花时间和有健康生活方式的人在一起，比如散步、运动、骑自行车、做有营养的家常菜等等。少和那些有不健康嗜好的人呆在一起，比如吃垃圾食品、酗酒、一小时一小时看电视)”可知，该部分主要是建议你和那些有健康生活方式的人在一起，因为他们可以为你的减肥提供支持。所以，B项“Find a fitness-positive support network.(找到一个积极健身的支持网络)”可以作为该部分的主题句填入空格处。故选B项。 【5题详解】 根据该部分的主题句“Start recording your weight.(开始记录你的体重)”和空格后的句子“If the numbers start to go up, you’ll know that it’s time to reconsider your habits.(如果数字开始上升，你就知道是时候重新考虑你的习惯了)”可知，空格处的句子应该是说记录体重的作用。所以D项“Keeping a record of your weight really works.(记录你的体重真的很有效)”填入空格处，符合追踪体重变化的建议。故选D项。 5、 电影 What makes great storytelling for film? There are some tips for filmmakers about the art of it. One of the most important elements of great storytelling for film is how the story is told. Great movies can throw curveballs (曲线球) that you don’t see coming. ___1___ The standard structure for any kind of storytelling is to introduce your characters, setting and genre at the start. Any problems should be encountered somewhere in the middle of the story. ___2___ If you’ve got a brilliant story, think about what would happen if you began your film with the ending. Try experimenting with the timing of events, and how the order can impact the audience’s view. With a clear structure, you should consider how to grab the audience’s attention quickly. ___3___ Your story may be wonderful, but if it takes too long to get into, you might lose your audience before you’ve got going. With so much competition, you need to act fast. Pay particular attention to the first 10 pages of your script. Remember that when reading the script, you should want to read on and be gripped. Let somebody read your script and ask them whether they want to continue on after 10 pages. ___4__ As with any content you create, understanding your audience is an important step. Who will want to watch this movie? What do they like doing and what interests them? ___5_ That can make it more attractive to the target audience. See if you can gather some statistic from any films that are in any way similar to the same genre. From this, you can judge who usually enjoys the genre, and who you can tailor your screenplay to. All in all, everything that goes into making a film, from costume choices to special effects, is there to reinforce the story. Next time, let’s talk more about the topic. A. The end involves the issues being resolved. B. Don’t forget to focus on character development. C. In the modern world everything moves at a fast speed. D. If so, that desire can be ten times stronger in your film. E. But they have a structure that isn’t too confusing to follow. F. Doing market research will help you revise your film’s screenplay. G. Making choices about the timing of events can heighten their impact. 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电影制作中优秀叙事的一些技巧和要点。 【1题详解】 上文“Great movies can throw curveballs (曲线球) that you don’t see coming.(伟大的电影会打出你意想不到的曲线球)”说明伟大的电影会有意想不到的情节，空处承接上文，对上文进行补充说明，E选项“但它们有一个结构，不会让人太困惑。”中的“they”指代上文“Great movies”，与前一句形成对比关系，强调这些伟大的电影虽然情节出乎意料，但结构清晰，不会让人困惑，符合语境。故选E。 【2题详解】 上文“The standard structure for any kind of storytelling is to introduce your characters, setting and genre at the start. Any problems should be encountered somewhere in the middle of the story.(任何类型的故事讲述的标准结构都是在开头介绍你的角色、背景和类型。任何问题都应该在故事的中间部分出现)”说明故事的基本结构，包括开头介绍角色、背景和类型，中间遇到问题，空处承接上文，说明故事最后要解决的问题，A选项“结尾包括问题的解决。”说明结尾部分涉及解决问题，符合逻辑顺序。故选A。 【3题详解】 上文“With a clear structure, you should consider how to grab the audience’s attention quickly.(有了清晰的结构，你应该考虑如何迅速吸引观众的注意力)”及下文“Your story may be wonderful, but if it takes too long to get into, you might lose your audience before you’ve got going. With so much competition, you need to act fast.(你的故事可能很精彩，但如果进入主题太慢，你可能在还没开始的时候就失去了观众。竞争如此激烈，你需要快速行动)”说明该段落开始讨论如何快速抓住观众的注意力，并指出在竞争激烈的环境中需要迅速行动，故事要快速进入主题，吸引观众，空处引出下文，应与现代社会竞争激烈和快节奏有关，C选项“在现代社会，一切都以很快的速度进行。”提到现代社会节奏快，与本段的主题相吻合。故选C。 【4题详解】 上文“Let somebody read your script and ask them whether they want to continue on after 10 pages.(让别人读你的剧本，问问他们是否想在10页后继续读下去)”建议让别人读你的剧本并询问他们是否愿意继续阅读下去，空处承接上文，对上文进行假设说明，D选项“如果是这样，这种欲望在你的电影中可能会强烈十倍。”进一步强调如果剧本能够引起这种愿望，那么在电影中这种愿望会更加强烈，呼应上文，符合语境。故选D。 【5题详解】 上文“As with any content you create, understanding your audience is an important step. Who will want to watch this movie? What do they like doing and what interests them?(如同你创作的任何内容一样，了解你的观众是重要的一步。谁会想看这部电影？他们喜欢做什么，他们的兴趣是什么？)”说明要了解观众，该段落讨论了解目标观众的重要性，空处承接上文，说明了解观众的方法，F选项“做市场调研将帮助你修改你的电影剧本。”提出进行市场调研可以帮助你修改剧本，以更好地满足目标观众的需求。这与上下文关于理解观众兴趣和偏好的主题紧密相关，符合语境。故选F。 6、 健康—运动 There is something magical about exploring the great outdoors and hiking. Whether you’re a sustaining or new hiker, hiking offers advantages for your body, mind and spirit. Increase physical fitness Hiking is an excellent way to improve your overall fitness. Although other forms of exercise are great for your health, hiking has unique advantages that can’t be produced by a running machine. 1 Improve mental well-being (心理健康) 2 Spending time in nature, including hiking, can help lift your spirits, increase your self-confidence and sometimes reduce anxiety. The mix of physical activity, fresh air and the calming effects of nature can have a strong effect on your mental well-being. Strengthen social connections Whether you go on a hike with friends or join a hiking group, the shared experiences can be highly advantageous and can create wonderful shared memories. Hiking is hard. 3 So invite a friend or join a local hiking group, and experience the happiness of connecting with others while exploring nature. Improve cognitive function (认知功能) Doing physical activity in nature activates the brain, leading it to improve focus, creativity and problem-solving skills. Research showed that spending time in nature can improve cognitive function. 4 A drop in spending time in nature and in physical activity can possibly cause a cognitive decline (下降). Develop environmental awareness (意识) Exploring paths, forests and mountains can help you connect to nature and develop a greater understanding of the need to protect the environment. Keep in mind a few things while hiking— being careful about creating fires, treating wildlife with care and making sure to bring things with you in order not to litter. 5 A．And the opposite is also true. B．You can feel a sense of community. C．By hiking, you can actively help your planet. D．But hiking as a group helps people stay focused and energized. E．Hiking offers a much-needed break from the stresses of daily life. F．How long you need to be among nature depends on how active you’ve been. G．You can improve your strength and health while enjoying the great outdoors. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了徒步旅行对人体、心理和精神层面的多种益处，包括提升体能、改善心理健康、加强社交联系、提高认知功能以及培养环保意识。 1．根据上文“Hiking is an excellent way to improve your overall fitness. Although other forms of exercise are great for your health, hiking has unique advantages that can’t be produced by a running machine.(徒步旅行是改善整体健康状况的绝佳方式。尽管其他形式的运动对健康有益，但徒步旅行具有跑步机无法替代的独特优势。)”可知，此空需具体说明徒步旅行在提升体能方面的独特好处。G选项“You can improve your strength and health while enjoying the great outdoors.(你可以在享受户外美景的同时增强体力和健康。)”直接呼应“提升体能”的主题，体现徒步旅行结合运动与户外体验的独特性，符合语境。故选G项。 2．根据本段小标题“Improve mental well-being (心理健康)”以及下文“Spending time in nature, including hiking, can help lift your spirits, increase your self-confidence and sometimes reduce anxiety.(花时间在大自然中，包括徒步旅行，有助于振奋精神、增强自信，有时还能减轻焦虑。)”可知，此空需引出徒步旅行对心理健康的积极作用，强调其缓解压力的效果。E选项“Hiking offers a much-needed break from the stresses of daily life.(徒步旅行为日常生活的压力提供了急需的喘息机会。)”直接点出徒步旅行对心理压力的缓解作用，为下文具体益处做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 3．根据上文“Whether you go on a hike with friends or join a hiking group, the shared experiences can be highly advantageous and can create wonderful shared memories. Hiking is hard.(无论你是和朋友徒步旅行还是加入徒步旅行团，共同的经历都非常有益，还能创造美好的共同回忆。徒步旅行并不容易。)”以及下文“So invite a friend or join a local hiking group, and experience the happiness of connecting with others while exploring nature.(所以，邀请朋友或加入当地的徒步旅行团，在探索自然的同时体验与他人交流的快乐吧。)”可知，此空需体现团队徒步旅行的优势，弥补独自徒步的艰难。D选项“But hiking as a group helps people stay focused and energized.(但组队徒步旅行有助于人们保持专注和活力。)”以“but”形成转折，承接上文“徒步不易”的内容，引出组队的好处，衔接下文的建议，符合语境。故选D项。 4．根据上文“Research showed that spending time in nature can improve cognitive function.(研究表明，花时间在大自然中可以提高认知功能。)”以及下文“A drop in spending time in nature and in physical activity can possibly cause a cognitive decline (下降).(减少在大自然中的时间和体育活动可能会导致认知能力下降。)”可知，此空需衔接“自然体验提升认知”与“缺乏自然体验导致认知下降”的相反关系。A选项“And the opposite is also true.(反之亦然。)”精准体现这种反向逻辑，承接上文正面结论，引出下文反面情况，符合语境。故选A项。 5．根据本段小标题“Develop environmental awareness (意识)”以及上文“Keep in mind a few things while hiking— being careful about creating fires, treating wildlife with care and making sure to bring things with you in order not to litter.(徒步旅行时要记住几件事——小心生火、爱护野生动物、确保随身携带物品以免乱扔垃圾。)”可知，此空需总结徒步旅行中环保行为对地球的积极作用。C选项“By hiking, you can actively help your planet.(通过徒步旅行，你可以积极地帮助地球。)”直接呼应环保主题，总结上文环保行为的意义，符合语境。故选C项。 7、 节日与风俗 In Russia, guests almost receive a warm welcome. People in the country go out of their way to make sure visitors have everything. In ancient Russia, bread and salt symbolized boom and health, so hosts would put on their best clothes and offer bread together with salt to their guests. ____16____ No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat — no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb. Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world. ____17____ During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century — only afterwards did salt become affordable. ____18____ According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat. ____19____ An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will reconcile (和解). In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists. ____20____ Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other. A. It was believed this gesture expressed rudeness. B. Bread in Russia culture is considered an important thing. C. Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings. D. Many foreigners visiting Russia have come across a strange welcome. E. This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties. F. But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it. G. That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。俄罗斯人用面包和盐作为礼物欢迎客人，尽管看起来很奇怪，但这实际上是俄罗斯古老的传统，用于迎接重要客人，文章阐述了这个仪式背后的原因。 【16题详解】 由下文“No bread at home means there’s nothing to eat — no meal doesn’t include bread. “Bread is the staff of life” is probably the most famous Russian proverb.(家里没有面包意味着没有东西可吃——没有一顿饭不包括面包。“面包是生命之杖”可能是俄罗斯最著名的谚语。)”可知本段主要阐述面包在俄罗斯的重要性；B选项“Bread in Russia culture is considered an important thing.(面包在俄罗斯文化中被认为是很重要的东西。)”指出面包在俄罗斯文化中被认为是很重要的东西，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“Today, there is no shortage of salt in the world.(今天，世界上不缺盐。)”指出在现代世界上盐是不缺的；F选项“But in ancient Russia, it was rather expensive and not everyone could afford it.(但在古代俄罗斯，它相当昂贵，不是每个人都买得起。)”指出在古代俄罗斯盐非常贵，不是每个人能买得起的，与上文形成对比、转折关系，“Today”与“in ancient Russia”相对应；下文“During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. (17世纪中叶，盐的价格上涨在莫斯科引发了骚乱。)”承接选项F，进一步阐述在古代俄罗斯，盐非常昂贵不是每个人能买得起的。由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 上文“During the mid-17th century the rising price of salt led to riots (暴乱) in Moscow. The salt tax was completely abolished (废除) at the end of the 19th century — only afterwards did salt become affordable. (17世纪中叶，盐的价格上涨在莫斯科引发了骚乱。盐税在19世纪末被完全废除，直到后来人们才买得起盐。)”说明在古代俄罗斯，盐非常昂贵与稀缺，不是每个人都买得起的；G选项“That’s why Russians kept it for special occasions, like when they received guests.(这就是为什么俄罗斯人在特殊场合保留它的原因，比如当他们接待客人时。)”承接上文，说明就是因为在古代俄罗斯盐非常珍贵，所以现代俄罗斯人依然在特殊场合保留放置盐的传统，上文与选项G构成因果关系，选项中的“That”指代上文阐述的内容，代词“it”指代“salt”。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“According to tradition, guests are greeted by ladies in national costumes with a large round loaf on a towel with a salt shaker on top. The guests should carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat.(根据传统，穿着民族服装的女士会用毛巾上的大圆面包迎接客人，毛巾上放着一个盐瓶。客人应该小心地掰下一块面包，蘸盐，然后吃。)”描述了俄罗斯人用面包和盐来迎接客人的传统； E选项“This signals that a friendship has been formed between the two parties.(这表明双方之间已经建立了友谊。)”承接上文，说明在俄罗斯传统中用面包和盐来迎接客人，客人小心地掰下一块面包蘸盐吃就表明双方建立了友谊；“This”指代上文“carefully break off a piece of the bread, dip it in the salt and eat”；下文“An old belief is that if the worst of enemies share bread and salt, they will reconcile (和解).(一个古老的信念是，如果最坏的敌人分享面包和盐，他们就会和解。)”进一步讲述在俄罗斯人传统信念中面包和盐的重要性，分享面包和盐意味着敌对双方和解。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“In today’s Russia, this tradition is still popular. It can be witnessed during official receptions, as well as in restaurants prepared for foreign tourists.(在今天的俄罗斯，这一传统仍然很受欢迎：在官方招待会上以及在为外国游客准备的餐馆中都可以看到它。)”指出在正式场合依然可以看到用面包和盐来迎接招待客人；下文“Parents of the newlyweds welcome their children with bread and salt after the ceremony. The husband and wife should break off a piece of bread, dip it in salt, and feed each other. This is a sign that they are ready to share any difficulties in life and always take care of each other.(新婚夫妇的父母在仪式结束后用面包和盐欢迎他们的孩子。丈夫和妻子应该掰下一块面包，蘸盐，然后互相喂食。这表明他们准备分担生活中的任何困难，并承诺永远互相照顾。)”描述了在传统的俄罗斯婚礼上新婚夫妇的父母在仪式结束后用面包和盐欢迎他们的孩子的场景；选项C“Most often you can see this at traditional Russian weddings.(你经常可以在传统的俄罗斯婚礼上看到这种情况。)”指出在俄罗斯传统婚礼中经常可以看到面包蘸盐的习俗，选项中“this”与上文“this tradition”以及“It”一致，指代用面包和盐迎接客人，“traditional Russian weddings”与下文“the newlyweds”相照应。由此可知，C选项符合语境。故选C。 8、 文学 Literature holds great importance in shaping our thoughts and ideas. It offers intellectual and emotional enrichment. 1 It goes beyond simple storytelling, acting as a gateway to knowledge, culture, and history while encouraging us to reflect on our place in the world. A glimpse (一瞥) into the past. 2 Thus it preserves history and providing a window into the lives, cultures, and challenges of previous eras. It captures the essence of different periods, revealing human experiences that shaped those moments. Through literary works, we are transported to bygone eras, gaining a deeper appreciation for the struggles and successes of those who came before us. Understanding ourselves. Literature serves as a mirror, reflecting aspects of our lives and emotions, prompting self-discovery. Through the experiences and journeys of fictional characters, readers find opportunities to examine their own thoughts, feelings, and actions. 3 Knowledge of human psyche (心灵). 4 It offers a window into the complexities of emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Through detailed descriptions of characters and their interactions, it uncovers the underlying motivations and psychological frameworks that drive actions and decisions. 5 Literature opens a gateway to experiencing the traditions, beliefs, and ways of life of people in different parts of the world. Through its pages, readers are transported to unfamiliar settings. For instance, novels set in distant regions often weave in the historical, religious, and social fabrics of their settings. They reveal how people celebrate festivals and deal l with societal challenges. A．Developing critical thinking skills. B．Understanding cultures and beliefs. C．Literature serves as a mirror of the human experience. D．And it fosters creativity, empathy, and critical thinking. E．Literature serves as a bridge between the present and the past. F．It offers a space where ideas are challenged, and new viewpoints emerge. G．The process of self-reflection fosters greater awareness of personal values. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．G 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述文学在塑造思想、回望过去、认知自我、了解心灵及理解文化等方面的重要价值。 1．根据上文“Literature holds great importance in shaping our thoughts and ideas. It offers intellectual and emotional enrichment.(文学在塑造我们的思想和观念方面具有重要意义。它能丰富我们的智力和情感)”以及下文“It goes beyond simple storytelling, acting as a gateway to knowledge, culture, and history while encouraging us to reflect on our place in the world.(它超越了简单的讲故事，是通往知识、文化和历史的大门，同时鼓励我们反思自己在世界上的位置)”可知，此处应承接上文的文学价值，补充其更多积极作用，D选项“And it fosters creativity, empathy, and critical thinking.(它还能培养创造力、同理心和批判性思维)”中的it指代前文的Literature，且fosters creativity, empathy, and critical thinking是对文学价值的进一步补充，与上下文衔接紧密。故选D项。 2．根据上文“A glimpse (一瞥) into the past.(回望过去)”以及下文“Thus it preserves history and providing a window into the lives, cultures, and challenges of previous eras.(因此，它保存了历史，为我们了解过去时代人们的生活、文化和面临的挑战提供了一扇窗口)”可知，此处应体现文学连接当下与过去的作用，E选项“Literature serves as a bridge between the present and the past.(文学是连接现在与过去的桥梁)”中的between the present and the past呼应上文的glimpse into the past和下文的preserves history，符合语境。故选E项。 3．根据上文“Understanding ourselves. Literature serves as a mirror, reflecting aspects of our lives and emotions, prompting self-discovery. Through the experiences and journeys of fictional characters, readers find opportunities to examine their own thoughts, feelings, and actions.(了解自己。文学是一面镜子，反映了我们生活和情感的各个方面，促使我们发现自我。通过小说人物的经历和旅程，读者有机会审视自己的思想、感情和行为)”可知，此处应承接上文的“自我审视”，说明其带来的结果，G选项“The process of self-reflection fosters greater awareness of personal values.(自我反思的过程能加深对个人价值观的认知)”中的self-reflection呼应上文的examine their own thoughts, feelings, and actions，符合语境。故选G项。 4．根据上文“Knowledge of human psyche (心灵).(了解人类心灵)”以及下文“It offers a window into the complexities of emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.(它为我们了解复杂的情感、想法和行为提供了一扇窗口)”可知，此处应点明文学与人类体验的关联，C选项“Literature serves as a mirror of the human experience.(文学是人类体验的一面镜子)”中的 human experience涵盖下文的emotions, thoughts, and behaviors，符合语境。故选C项。 5．根据下文“Literature opens a gateway to experiencing the traditions, beliefs, and ways of life of people in different parts of the world.(文学为我们体验世界各地人们的传统、信仰和生活方式打开了一扇大门)”可知，此处应概括该段主旨，即文学帮助理解文化与信仰，B选项“Understanding cultures and beliefs.(理解文化与信仰)”与下文内容高度契合，可作为该段主旨句。故选B项。 1、 任务型阅读 Click for a Friend? How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters? This was how things worked not so very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships without missing a beat. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. On social media sites, people tend to post only good things that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling photos can hide real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with criminals. But this doesn’t mean we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we are connected, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. 1. 根据文本内容从方框中选择适当的词并用起正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，有两词为多余选项。 post maintain technology person track attitude significance write conclude approach true interest ways of making friends ____1____ change of making friends) past People lost ____2____ of their friends when moving to a new town. The only way to stay in touch was ____3____ letters. present It’s easy to ____4____ friendships with social media tools. Online, people can easily make new friends with those who share their ____5____ online friendship real It can be true if people exchange true ____6____ information online. not real It might not be true because social media doesn’t present the whole ____7____ about a person, and people tend ____8____ only positive updates. ____9____ We should take an unprejudiced ___10_____ to online friendship. 根据文本内容回答下列问题。 11. What makes making friends change significantly? _________________________________________________________________________________12. What does the author want to discuss in writing the passage? _________________________________________________________________________________13. Do you think social media is beneficial to making friends? _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 ①. significant ②. track ③. writing ④. maintain ⑤. interests ⑥. personal ⑦. truth ⑧. to post ⑨. conclusion ⑩. attitude 11. The development of technology. 12. The advantages and disadvantages of making friends online. 13. Yes, I think so. We can come across some people with similar interests on social media. At the same time, we can keep in touch with friends with the help of social media. / No, I don’t think so. We can come across some criminals who try to cheat us so that we may be hurt. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $