状语从句 导学案 2026届高考英语一轮复习

语法专题：连词和状语从句

在复合句中，修饰主句或主句谓语的句子叫作状语从句。状语从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较和目的等九大类。

 

 

1.表示时间的状语从句可以由when, whenever, as, while, before, until,   

since, as soon as等词引导。

When completed，the tunnel will be the longest in the world.

Please write it down before you forget it.

It will be half a year before I come back.

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(1)时间状语从句的3个重点句型

①It will be ...before ...过很久才……

It will be long before they come back.

②It won't be ...before...不久就……

It won't be long before they come back.

It was long before…过了很久才…

It was a long time before the firefighters put out the big fire.

It wasn’t long before…没过多久就…

It wasn’t long before the taxi came.

③It is/has been ...since ...自从……以来多长时间

(2)since引导的从句如果用终止性动词，表示的时间是从谓语动作算起；如果用延续性动词，表示的时间是从动作或状态的结束算起。

It has been a decade since he joined the club.(从加入俱乐部后算起)

It is two years and a half since he was an ambassador to France.(从不再任大使算起)

How long is it since we last went to the theatre?

2．名词词组引导时间状语从句：every/each time(每一次); the moment/minute(一……就……)；the first/second time(第一/二次)；the last time(最后一次)；the day(那一天)；the week(那一周)等。

Every time I see him，he looks miserable.

He said he'd phone you the moment he got home.

3．as soon as, instantly, directly, immediately等表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常意为“一……就……”，也可引导表示时间的状语从句。

I came as soon as I heard the news.

I came directly I got your message.

4．no sooner ...than和hardly ...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把no sooner，hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。

No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.

Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.

 

1.引导地点状语从句的从属连词where，wherever指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后。

The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.

Keep in touch with your family members wherever you are in the world.

2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。

Where there's a will, there's a way.

3．注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。

When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.(地点状语从句)

When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.(定语从句)

 

1.because, as, since, now that的用法区别如下表：

—Why are you absent from the meeting?

—Because I am ill.

He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.

As his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth.

Since his music style was new, he decided his hairstyle had to be new too!

2．除了连词引导原因状语从句外，一些介词短语也可以表示原因。如：because of，thanks to，due to，owing to，on account of等。

They were late because of the traffic.

3．for引导的句子表示原因，语气较because弱，类似一种补充说明，一般不用它来回答why提出的问题。它引导的从句不能放在句首，而且前面一般用逗号与主句分开。说明：for是并列连词。

We can’t go, for it’s raining. 由于天下雨，我们不能走了。

He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.

1.让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), whatever(wherever, whoever ...), whether ...or ..., no matter who (when, what ...)等引导。

However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.

While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.

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as，though引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语，语序要倒装，though也可以用这种形式。）as, though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。其一般结构为“adj./adv./v./v.－ed/v.－ing/n.＋as/though＋主语＋谓语”。

Difficult as the task was, they managed to finish it in time.

Much as I like it, I won't buy the expensive car.

Child as though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.

 

引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless(＝if ...not) (除非), so(as)long as(只要), in case(万一)，on condition that(条件是)，supposing(that)(假设)，provided/providing(that)(假如)等。

You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(＝if you don't study hard)．

As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.

Suppose/Supposing(that)they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?

In case there is a fire, what will we do first?

 

方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as“像……一样”，as if(though)“似乎，好像”等引导。

The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.

He acted as if nothing had happened.