内容正文:
Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you 单元核心知识(背诵版)
一、核心词汇(黑体部分为重点词汇)
1 / 4
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
agony /ˈæɡəni/ n. 痛楚,苦难
agony aunt 知心阿姨
help out 帮一把
let down 使失望,辜负
steam /stiːm/ n. 蒸汽,水蒸气
let off steam 发泄怒火,宣泄情绪
loose /luːs/ adj. 控制不严的
lip /lɪp/ n. ( 嘴)唇
sink /sɪŋk/ v. 使(船)沉没
loose lips sink ships 祸从口出
fault /fɔːlt/ n. 责任,过错
resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v. 解决(问题、困难)
strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 计谋,策略;行动计划
signal /ˈsɪɡn(ə)l/ n. 信号;暗号
breath /breθ/ n. 一口气
take a breath 吸一口气
pull one’s weight 做好分内事,尽责
concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 忧虑,担心
annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj. 恼怒的,烦恼的
adjust /əˈdʒʌst/ v. 适应,(使)习惯
duty /ˈdjuːti/ n. 职责,义务;责任
accident /ˈæksɪd(ə)nt/ n. 意外事件,偶然因素
by accident 偶然,意外地
core /kɔː/ adj. 核心的(课程、团体等)
ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə/ v. 确保,保证
complexity /kəmˈpleksɪti/ n. 复杂性,错综复杂
forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ v. 原谅,宽恕
criticise /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ v. 批评,指责
embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ n. 尴尬,难为情
boxing /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ n. 拳击(运动)
tangled /ˈtæŋɡ(ə)ld/ adj. 纠结的;复杂的
web /web/ n. 蜘蛛网;错综复杂的事物
weave /wiːv/ v. 编,织
deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v. 欺骗
justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v. 证明(别人认为不合理的事) 有道理;为……辩护
frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的,坦诚的,直言不讳的
tear /tɪə/ n. 眼泪,泪水
latter /ˈlætə/ n. 后者
moreover /mɔːrˈəʊvə/ adv. 此外,而且
independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ adj. 独立的
apart /əˈpɑːt/ adv. 分离,分开
fence /fens/ n. 栅栏,围栏,篱笆
二、核心短语
中文
英文
帮一把
help out
使失望,辜负
let down
发泄怒火,宣泄情绪
let off steam
祸从口出
loose lips sink ships
吸一口气
take a breath
做好分内事,尽责
pull one’s weight
对……着迷,热衷于
be crazy about...
冷静下来
calm down
也,又,还
as well as
进展(顺利);解决;算出
work out
放轻松;别着急
take it easy
偶然,意外地
by accident
看不起,轻视
look down on/upon
安顿下来;坐下;平静下来
settle down
三、重点句型
1.which 引导的非限制性定语从句
I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.
我痴迷于篮球,并且打得相当好,这或许就是我们上次比赛失利时我如此生气的原因。
2.表语从句
Here’s what you need to do.
这是你需要做的事情。
3.宾语从句
Anne was shocked by the decision and did not know what to do.
安妮被这个决定惊呆了,不知道做什么。
4.主语从句
It is believed that EQ(emotional quotient) plays an even more important role than IQ(intelligence quotient) in people’s lives.人们相信,在人们的生活中情商的作用甚至比智商更重要。
5.名词短语 + (省略that/when的)定语从句
Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit.
也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
四、核心语法
1. 过去分词作状语
(1)定义及基本用法
定义及基本用法
定义
过去分词(短语)表示被 动,表示动作已经完成,其逆辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词(短语)作状语时可单独 使用,也可以在其前面加上适当的连词,可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
基本用法
(1) 时间状语
When offered help,one often says“Thank you”or“It's kind of you”.(时间状语)当被提供帮助的时候,人们常说"谢谢"或“你真是太好了" 。
(2) 条件状语
Given another chance,I will do it much better.(条件状语)
如果再给我一次机会,我会干得更好。
(3) 原因状语
Greatly inspired by what he did,I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做事情的极大地鼓励下,我也加人了帮助他人的行列。
(4) 让步状语
Visited many times, the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语)
虽然已被参观了许多次,这个地方仍值得再来。
(5) 方式状语
He has been preparing his paper all day long, locked in his study room. (方式状语)锁在书房里,他一整天都在准备论文。
(6) 伴随状语
The guest walked into the room, greeted by his owner.(伴随状语)
客人一边和主人打招呼,一边走进了房间。
(二)过去分词(短语)作状语时在句中的位置
位置及例句
过去分同(短语)在句中作状语,放在主句前面作句首状语时后面用逗号与主旬隔开;放在主句的后面时,前面用逗号与主句隔开。
Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
因为做得匆忙,他的作业满是错。
He stood there silently, moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。
【注意】
有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示动作而表示状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有 lost, seated, absorbed in, buried in, dressed in tired of 等。
(三)过去分词(短语)作状语时的几点特殊情况
1.过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件原因及让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。
Seen from the top of the mountain,the whole town looks more beautiful.
=When it is seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看,整个城镇看起来更美了。
Given ten more minutes,we would finish the work perfectly.
=If we were given ten more minutes, we would finish the work perfectly.
如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这份工作。
Greatly touched by his words, she was full of tears.
=Because she was greatly touched by his words, she was full of tears.
由于被他的话深深地感动了.她满眼泪花。
2. 过去分词(短语)在旬中作伴随.方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列分句或并列谓语。
The teacher came into the room, followed by two students.
=The teacher came into the room, and he was followed by two students.
老师走进了这个房间,后面跟着两个学生。
Dressed in white, she looks more beautiful.
=She is dressed in white and looks more beautiful.
她穿着白色衣服,看起来更加漂亮了。
3.过去分词(短语)作时间、条件或让步状语时,为了明确其意义,有时可在分词前加上when,while,if,once,unless,although等连词,相当于状语从句的省略。
Even if I am invited, I will not take part in the party.
=Even if invited, I will not take part in the party.
即使被邀请,我也不会参加那个宴会。
Unless you are asked to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting.
=Unless asked to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting.
除非被要求说话,在会上你应该保持沉默。
Before being taken to the zoo, the boy read many books about his favorite animals.
在被带去动物园之前,这个男孩读了很多关于他最事爱的动物的书。
【注意】
Before、after一般不与过去分词连用,因为这两个词还可作介词,后接being done的形式。
$Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you 单元核心知识(默写版)
一、核心词汇(黑体部分为重点词汇)
3 / 4
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
痛楚,苦难___________________
知心阿姨___________________
帮一把___________________
使失望,辜负___________________
蒸汽,水蒸气 ___________________
发泄怒火,宣泄情绪___________________
控制不严的___________________
( 嘴)唇___________________
使(船)沉没___________________
祸从口出___________________
责任,过错___________________
解决(问题、困难)___________________
计谋,策略;行动计划___________________
信号;暗号___________________
一口气___________________
吸一口气___________________
做好分内事,尽责___________________
忧虑,担心___________________
恼怒的,烦恼的___________________
适应,(使)习惯___________________
职责,义务;责任___________________
意外事件,偶然因素___________________
偶然,意外地___________________
核心的(课程、团体等)___________________
确保,保证 ___________________
复杂性,错综复杂 ___________________
原谅,宽恕 ___________________
批评,指责___________________
尴尬,难为情___________________
拳击(运动)___________________
纠结的;复杂的 ___________________
蜘蛛网;错综复杂的事物 ___________________
编,织___________________
欺骗 ___________________
证明(别人认为不合理的事) 有道理;为……辩护___________________
坦率的,坦诚的,直言不讳的___________________
眼泪,泪水___________________
后者___________________
此外,而且 ___________________
独立的___________________
分离,分开___________________
栅栏,围栏,篱笆___________________
二、核心短语
帮一把_______________________________
使失望,辜负_______________________________
发泄怒火,宣泄情绪___________________________
祸从口出_______________________________
吸一口气_______________________________
做好分内事,尽责_____________________________
对……着迷,热衷于___________________________
冷静下来_______________________________
也,又,还_______________________________
进展(顺利);解决;算出_________________________
放轻松;别着急_______________________________
偶然,意外地_______________________________
看不起,轻视_______________________________
安顿下来;坐下;平静下来______________________
三、重点句型
1.which 引导的非限制性定语从句
I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, _________________ I was so mad when we lost our last match.
我痴迷于篮球,并且打得相当好,这或许就是我们上次比赛失利时我如此生气的原因。
2.表语从句
_________________ you need to do.
这是你需要做的事情。
3.宾语从句
Anne was shocked by the decision and did not know _________________.
安妮被这个决定惊呆了,不知道做什么。
4.主语从句
_________________ EQ(emotional quotient) plays an even more important role than IQ(intelligence quotient) in people’s lives.人们相信,在人们的生活中情商的作用甚至比智商更重要。
5.名词短语 + (省略that/when的)定语从句
Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served _________________.
也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
四、核心语法
1. 过去分词作状语
(1)定义及基本用法
定义及基本用法
定义
过去分词(短语)表示被 动,表示动作已经完成,其逆辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词(短语)作状语时可单独 使用,也可以在其前面加上适当的连词,可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。
基本用法
(1) 时间状语
When __________help, one often says“Thank you”or“It's kind of you”.(时间状语)当被提供帮助的时候,人们常说"谢谢"或“你真是太好了" 。
(2) 条件状语
__________another chance,I will do it much better.(条件状语)
如果再给我一次机会,我会干得更好。
(3) 原因状语
Greatly __________by what he did,I joined him in helping others.(原因状语)在他所做事情的极大地鼓励下,我也加人了帮助他人的行列。
(4) 让步状语
__________many times, the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语)
虽然已被参观了许多次,这个地方仍值得再来。
(5) 方式状语
He has been preparing his paper all day long, __________in his study room. (方式状语)锁在书房里,他一整天都在准备论文。
(6) 伴随状语
The guest walked into the room, __________by his owner.(伴随状语)
客人一边和主人打招呼,一边走进了房间。
(二)过去分词(短语)作状语时在句中的位置
位置及例句
过去分同(短语)在句中作状语,放在主句前面作句首状语时后面用逗号与主旬隔开;放在主句的后面时,前面用逗号与主句隔开。
__________in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
因为做得匆忙,他的作业满是错。
He stood there silently, ____________________.
他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。
【注意】
有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示动作而表示状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有 lost, seated, absorbed in, buried in, dressed in tired of 等。
(三)过去分词(短语)作状语时的几点特殊情况
1.过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件原因及让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。
Seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful.
=_______________________________, the whole town looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看,整个城镇看起来更美了。
Given ten more minutes,we would finish the work perfectly.
=_______________________________, we would finish the work perfectly.
如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这份工作。
Greatly touched by his words, she was full of tears.
=_______________________________, she was full of tears.
由于被他的话深深地感动了.她满眼泪花。
2. 过去分词(短语)在旬中作伴随.方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列分句或并列谓语。
The teacher came into the room, followed by two students.
=The teacher came into the room, _______________________________.
老师走进了这个房间,后面跟着两个学生。
_______________________________, she looks more beautiful.
=She is dressed in white and looks more beautiful.
她穿着白色衣服,看起来更加漂亮了。
3.过去分词(短语)作时间、条件或让步状语时,为了明确其意义,有时可在分词前加上when,while,if,once,unless,although等连词,相当于状语从句的省略。
Even if I am invited, I will not take part in the party.
=_______________________________, I will not take part in the party.
即使被邀请,我也不会参加那个宴会。
Unless you are asked to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting.
=_______________________________, you should remain silent at the meeting.
除非被要求说话,在会上你应该保持沉默。
_______________________________ to the zoo, the boy read many books about his favorite animals.
在被带去动物园之前,这个男孩读了很多关于他最事爱的动物的书。
【注意】
Before、after一般不与过去分词连用,因为这两个词还可作介词,后接being done的形式。
$