热点12 读写组合练热点话题之社会概览（热点专练）（上海专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

热点12 读写组合练热点话题之社会概览 （阅读单选+完形填空+阅读简答题） 文章导读 主要内容 一、社会现象与倡议： 1. 环保倡议（节约用水的具体措施：关水龙头、合理用水、水循环利用、宣传教育）； 2. 公共礼仪（公共场合手机通话的噪音问题，背后的科学原因与礼仪建议）； 3. 青少年生活（睡眠不足的原因：熬夜、早开学、电子设备使用，改善睡眠的建议）； 二、科技与社会： 1. 科技产品（机器宠物的特点、适合人群：老年人、儿童，优势与发展趋势）； 2. 社会商业（独立书店的复苏，原因：个性化服务、社交功能、附加服务）； 三、文化与传承： 传统技艺传承（年画技艺的家族传承，李明学习年画延续传统）； 四、地区与科学 ：1. 地区概况（加利福尼亚的地理、人口、经济、资源、面临的问题：地震、缺水、森林火灾）； 2. 科学探索（达尔文对茅膏菜的实验，观察植物捕捉昆虫的特性）； 3. 社会行为（小动作对注意力的影响，不同类型小动作的利弊） 题型解题要领 一、阅读单选题： 1. 细节题：定位题干关键信息（如社会倡议的措施、科技产品的特点、科学实验的结论），回归原文精准查找对应内容（如节约用水的方法、独立书店复苏的原因）； 2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境（社会场景、科学定义、逻辑关系）推断词义（如 “conserve” 通过节水语境推断为 “节约”，“fidgeting” 通过 “小动作” 描述推断）； 3. 主旨题：聚焦全文核心话题（如环保倡议、科技产品应用、社会现象分析），排除局部细节选项；4. 推理判断题：基于原文信息（如社会问题的原因、科学实验的过程）合理推断（如从机器宠物特点推断适合的人群）； 二、完形填空： 1. 联系上下文：根据前后句逻辑（转折、因果、并列）选择符合语境的词（如社会类文章优先 “protect”“improve”“solve”“develop” 等词汇）； 2. 关注固定搭配：注意动词与介词、名词与形容词的搭配（如 “take action”“contribute to”“be famous for”）； 3. 结合话题背景：围绕 “社会概览” 核心，选择贴合社会现象、科技应用、文化传承、科学探索场景的词汇； 三、阅读简答题： 1. 找原文依据：直接提取或整合原文关键信息（如社会倡议的措施、问题的原因、实验的结论），确保答案准确； 2. 简洁作答：按题干要求用短语或短句回应，避免冗余表述； 3. 开放性问题：结合社会现实或自身经历，给出贴合 “社会问题解决、科学探索、文化传承” 主题的答案（如对公共礼仪的建议） 组合套餐01 Passage 1 Every Drop Counts Take Action Now to Conserve Water for Future Generations Turn Off the Tap: ·Don’t let the water run while brushing your teeth or washing dishes. ·Fix any leaking taps to prevent unnecessary water waste. Use Water Wisely: ·Use equipment that doesn’t waste much water. ·Water your plants early in the morning or late in the evening to minimize evaporation (减少蒸发). Reuse and Recycle Water: ·Collect rainwater for gardening and other outdoor uses. ·Use greywater systems to recycle water from sinks and showers. Educate and Support: ·Teach others about the importance of water protection. ·Support programs and actions that aim to protect our water resources. 1．The text above is ________. A．an advertisement B．an email C．a poster D．a newspaper 2．The underlined word “conserve” means ________. A．use B．save C．support D．waste 3．Which of the following pictures shows the “greywater system”? A． B． C． D． 4．The school is organizing a “Campus Water Saving Day” event. Which of the following suggestions does this activity follow? A．Turn off the tap. B．Use water wisely. C．Reuse and recycle water. D．Educate and support. 5．The main purpose of the material is to ________. A．show us the importance of protecting and conserving water B．introduce some simple and effective ways to conserve water C．provide examples of how people conserve water successfully D．attract people to take part in the water conservation activities Passage 2 Do you dream of a perfect pet that’s soft, furry, and full of love? What if it’s also simple to care for and never makes a mess? Well, you can have all that with a robo-pet! The “Nearly Real” Pet of Tomorrow A robo-pet, 1 robotic pet, isn’t a real animal, but it looks just like one. It’s often covered in soft, fake fur too. If real cats or dogs make you feel sick, don’t worry—the fake fur on robo-pets is quite 2 . These battery-powered pets can do lots of things real pets do. They bark, wag their tails, play games, and more! Better yet, they can be the loving friend you’ve always wanted. Of course, robots can’t fully 3 real animals yet—they can only do what they’re programmed to do. But this issue is 4 . Soon, you might even struggle to tell a robo-pet apart from a real animal! A “No-Worry” Companion for Seniors Older people really like robo-pets. Many seniors don’t have the energy or ability to move around enough to care for a real pet. They might also forget to look after a real pet because of 5 problems. Or they can’t afford the food and medicine real animals need. But robo-pets don’t need such care and can bring joy to their lives. With robo-pets, older people can enjoy having a pet without any 6 or responsibilities. A Fantastic Partner for Kids Robo-pets are also super popular with kids. Looking after a robo-pet is a great way to learn about responsibility. For kids who are scared of real dogs or cats, robo-pets can help them face their fears little by little and become braver. And if kids want something more exciting than regular dogs and cats, they can pick more creative choices. Robotic toy unicorns, dinosaurs, and many other cool options exist, too. 7 which robo-pet you choose, you’ll end up with a fun friend that makes your life more enjoyable. 1．A．calling for B．short for C．standing for D．named for 2．A．soft B．hard C．safe D．comfortably 3．A．instead of B．take place C．replace D．reuse 4．A．changing B．improving C．happening D．disappearing 5．A．health B．money C．memory D．time 6．A．anger B．happiness C．duties D．stress 7．A．No matter B．Although C．Even if D．When Passage 3 The Storyteller’s Brush When Li Ming’s grandfather passed away, he left behind a simple wooden box. Inside, Li Ming found an old brush—its bamboo handle smooth and dark with age, the bristles (刷子毛) worn down from years of use. His mother explained that this was no ordinary brush. For over fifty years, his grandfather had used it to paint beautiful New Year pictures, known as Nianhua, for their village. The brush was a symbol of his life’s work and his connection to the community. Each year before the Spring Festival, his grandfather would set up a small stand in the market. Families would come to buy his paintings of gods, flowers, and happy children. These pictures were believed to bring good luck and protect homes. “He wasn’t just selling pictures,” his mother said softly. “He was helping people hold onto hope and tradition.” With the arrival of printed posters and digital decorations, fewer people bought the hand-painted Nianhua. Yet, his grandfather continued until his hands could no longer hold the brush steadily. He believed that as long as one person appreciated his art, it was worth continuing. Li Ming felt a deep sadness but also ___________. He realized that if he didn’t learn this skill, his grandfather’s art might disappear forever. He took the brush to his art teacher at school, asking how to care for it and what kind of ink to use. He found a book on traditional Chinese painting and began to practice simple strokes after finishing his homework. His first lines were shaky, and the ink blotted on the paper, but he did not give up. He practiced the same stroke over and over every evening until his lines became steady. His mother often watched him, smiling and telling him to keep trying. Weeks later, as the next Spring Festival approached, Li Ming had an idea. He carefully painted a simple but bright “Fu” character—the symbol for good fortune. He framed it and gave it to his mother. Tears filled her eyes as she hung it on their door. The brush, once silent, now told a new story. Li Ming understood that he wasn’t just learning to paint; he was becoming the next link in a long chain, using the same brush to connect his grandfather’s world with his own. He promised himself that he would continue to practice and maybe one day teach others, so this beautiful tradition would never be forgotten. 1．Did Li Ming’s grandfather use to be a village artist? 2．Why did Li Ming’s grandfather stop painting Nianhua? 3．How did Mother feel about Grandfather when talking about his story? 4．Write a few words to make the context complete and logical. (less than 8 words) Li Ming felt a deep sadness but also . 5．What did Li Ming do to follow in his grandfather’s footsteps? 6．How do you understand “The brush, once silent, now told a new story”? 组合套餐02 Passage 1 Sleep is important to teenagers because it plays an important role in their physical and mental development. So how many hours of sleep does a teenager need? Age group Age range Recommended (建议的) hours of sleep every 24 hours School-age 6—12 years 9—12 hours Teen 13—18 years 8—10 hours Adult 18 years and older 7 hours or more A recent report shows that many teenagers in America are not getting the recommended amount of sleep. Here are the results. Why is it hard for teens to get good sleep? There is no single reason. Instead, several factors contribute (是……的原因之一) to this problem. One of them is late bedtime and early school start times. Now, more and more teenagers are developing a habit of being “a night owl”, staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning. If allowed to sleep as they wish, many teens would get eight hours or more a night, but most school start times require them to wake up much earlier in the morning. The use of electronic devices like the smartphone and computer is another factor. Research has found that 89% or more of teens keep at least one device in their bedroom at night. Screen time late into the evening can cause sleep problems. Using these devices can keep teens excited and unable to fall asleep. Sudden phone messages can disrupt (扰乱) sleep. And being in the light from smartphones also makes people feel less sleepy. So teens should improve their sleep environment and habits to get better sleep. Here are some tips. ◆ Get eight hours of sleep a night on weekdays and weekends. ◆ Put away electronic devices at least a half-hour before bed. Keep them on silent during the night. ◆ Keep your bedroom cool, dark and quiet. 1．According to the report many American teenagers ______. A．don’t need much sleep B．don’t get the recommended amount of sleep C．sleep too much D．get enough sleep 22．One of the reasons why it’s hard for teens to get good sleep is ______. A．early bedtime and late school start times B．late bedtime and early school start times C．having too many friends D．watching too much TV during the day 3．The underlined phrase “a night owl” in the passage means ______. A．a person who likes to get up early B．a person who likes to stay up late C．a person who sleeps a lot during the day D．a person who doesn’t like sleeping 4．The use of electronic devices can cause sleep problems NOT because ______. A．they are too expensive B．using these devices can keep teens excited C．sudden phone messages can disrupt sleep D．the light from smartphones makes people feel less sleepy 5．To create a good sleep environment, the bedroom should be ______. A．hot, bright and noisy B．warm, dark and noisy C．cool, dark and quiet D．cool, bright and quiet 6．The passage is probably taken from ______ section of a newspaper. A．“Local News” B．“Teenager Life” C．“Wonderful World” D．“Cross Culture” Passage 2 Choose the best words or phrases to complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文) California is located in the far west of the USA and has a long Pacific Ocean coastline. With almost 34 million people, it has the largest population of any of the states of the USA．It is the third largest in 1 , with just over 400,000 square kilometers. It has an excellent climate although there are very dry areas which do not get enough rain. Only one of the states of the USA, California is in itself the world’s fifth largest economy. It is especially 2 wine, fruits and vegetables of many kinds agriculturally. It is the home of Silicon Valley (硅谷), the centre of the world’s computer industry. Los Angeles, its largest city, has the world’s largest film and television industry and is best known for the district called Hollywood. California is also 3 in natural resources such as oil, natural gas and wood. California has a huge 4 industry. This is partly because of the many natural beauties in the state, but also because of attractions such as Disneyland, Sea World and other theme parks. 5 , California suffers serious earthquakes often. Parts of California also have water shortages, and because the countryside can be very dry, forest fires are always a major problem. California has many claims to fame. It’s very interesting that its recent laws 6 motor vehicles to have zero carbon dioxide emissions. Because of this, and the fact that a quarter of all motor vehicles made in the USA are sold in California, the motor industry is trying hard to produce vehicles powered by hydrogen. 1．A．shape B．number C．height D．area 2．A．famous for B．connected with C．full of D．covered with 3．A．basic B．popular C．rich D．generous 4．A．film B．tourist C．fashion D．information 5．A．Finally B．Actually C．Unluckily D．Usually 6．A．allow B．supply C．cause D．require Passage 3 Small, independent bookstores in neighborhoods across the United States are places to discover new books and make friends. About 20 years ago, stores like these were closing in large numbers because of competition from large bookstores and online book sales. But about 10 years ago, something unusual happened: independent bookstores seemingly came back to life. Many are profitable (盈利的), and the number of stores is growing. In a Virginia community called Arlington, many people buy their books at a store called One More Page Books. Customer Cheryl Moore says she likes the personal service she receives at small bookstores. Moore said, “I think they pay attention to the kinds of books people like to read. They have book clubs, so I don’t think it’s a place where people just buy books, but make friends here.” After almost dying off, small, independent bookstores grew by 35 percent between 2009 and 2015. The American Booksellers Association says sales at the more than 2,400 bookstores across the country rose about 5 percent over the past year. For people who love reading, independent bookstores sometimes become a home. Kristen Maier lives in Missouri, but often comes to One More Page Books when she visits the Virginia area for work. She does not think electronic devices can replace the feeling of holding a real book. Independent bookstores know they have to sell more than books. One More Page tries to attract people by offering them wine or chocolate they can take home along with a book. “We’re going to keep doing what we do well, and hope that our community loves having us around enough to support us,” Nebeker, the owner of the bookstore added. 1．Does the Cheryl Moore like the personal service she receives at small bookstores?       2．When did independent bookstores come back to life? 3．What can people do in small independent bookstores according to Cheryl? 4．Why does Kristen Maier prefer to buy books in One More Page Books? 5．How does One More Page attract people? 6．Would you like to buy books in independent bookstores or online? Why? 组合套餐03 Passage 1 Charles Darwin was a British scientist. He lived from 1809 to 1882. He studied plants and animals and did many experiments. Darwin’s Diary Can plants kill flies? In this summer, I found sundew (茅膏菜) plants with many insects on them. I decided to examine them more carefully. I examined 12 plants, and I found 31 dead insects, or parts of their bodies. Some leaves caught several insects. The sundew plant catches flies much more often than other insects. I want to do some experiments. I don’t know what I’ll find out. Experiment 1 I put several items in the center of each leaf. The tentacles (触须) always moved toward the items. The speed was not always the same. Why? Experiment 2 I found a leaf with a fly on it. The fly could not escape. The fly was on one side of the leaf. The tentacles on that side closed around the fly and killed it. The tentacles from the other side of the leaf never moved! Experiment 3 I put a dead fly in the center of a leaf. The next morning, the leaf was closed. It opened again five days later. There was no fly. 1．What is Darwin mainly doing in this diary? A．He is explaining ways to keep insects away. B．He is writing stories about dangerous plants. C．He is recording experiments on sundew plants. D．He is learning how to grow sundew plants in summer. 2．What did Darwin find when he examined 12 sundew plants in the summer? A．He found 12 insects, some of them still alive. B．He found 12 dead insects, one on each plant. C．He found 31 dead flies or parts of their bodies. D．He found 31 dead insects and many of them were flies. 3．Why did Darwin put several items in the center of each leaf in Experiment 1? A．To feed the sundew plants so that they could grow faster. B．To see how the tentacles reacted to different things placed on the leaf. C．To clean the leaves before he started the real experiment. D．To stop the tentacles from moving toward real insects. 4．What conclusion can Darwin draw from Experiment 2? A．All the tentacles on the leaf must close to catch a fly. B．The sundew leaf only moves when the insect is in the center. C．Only the tentacles near the fly move to catch and kill it. D．The tentacles can move even if there is no insect on the leaf. 5．Which of the following is NOT supported by the results of Experiment 3? A．The leaf can close even when the insect is dead. B．The leaf may stay closed for several days after reacting. C．Movement is necessary for the leaf’s reaction. D．The leaf’s response can last beyond a short time. 6．What is the best description of Darwin according to his diary? A．He is curious and keeps doing experiments to find out the truth. B．He is patient and pays close attention to numbers in each experiment. C．He is confident that his first idea is always right and doesn’t need testing. D．He prefers reading other people’s research to doing his own experiments. Passage 2 We’ve all seen it: the classmate moving his foot up and down, students clicking their pens. For years, this “fidgeting” (小动作) was seen as a(n) 1 that a person was not interested or was losing focus. But what if we’ve been wrong all along? Simple moves help A study from Harvard University asked two groups of students to listen to a difficult speech. One group could hold and press soft balls quietly while the other could not. The fidgeting group did much better on the following test. Dr. John Ratey explains that you can clear away mental noise and pay attention better by moving your body, 2 a little. This works because it increases a helpful brain chemical. Therefore, some researchers argue that for many, fidgeting isn’t a problem—it’s a way that allows the brain to 3 other things and focus on the main task. Wrong moves fail However, the benefits depend on the type of fidget. A study from the UK found that simple fidgeting, like moving your foot, could help you focus. But fidgeting with something 4 , like solving a puzzle, could injure your attention. It makes your brain work too hard. 5 , a brain scientist says the sound of a fidget toy can be a problem for others. This noise can make it hard for everyone in the room to do their work. 6 moves win It seems that the type of fidget extremely matters. The key is a fidget that doesn’t require thought. As for the noise? “The thoughtful fidgeter is the good fidgeter,” concludes Dr. Medina. “If you feel the need to fidget, you’d better choose a simple, silent one. Your tool shouldn’t become someone else’s problem.” 1．A．sign B．goal C．excuse D．reason 2．A．especially B．hardly C．first D．even 3．A．deal with B．get rid of C．run into D．go over 4．A．different B．interesting C．difficult D．easy 5．A．What’s more B．In fact C．For example D．As a result 6．A．Quick B．Loud C．Hard D．Smart Passage 3 Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) Ever irritated by someone shouting at their mobile phone in a public place? We’ve all lost temper at least once at the sound of a person loudly communicating with someone on a mobile phone. Recently, Dr. Adam Rutherford has been answering questions. “I have no interest in hearing about other people’s private lives.” “The conversation would have seemed to worry older generations. I think they would have considered it rude to talk loudly in public.” Many people seem to do it without realizing why, but is there a scientific reason for their loudness? The answer begins by looking at one of the telephone designs called “sidetone”-a feature whereby a caller could hear his or her own voice in the phone’s speaker when talking. This makes the user sure that his or her loud voice can be heard clearly, leaving no reason to raise voice on the phone. But the problem with mobiles is that they are mobile, and a fixed volume of “sidetone” isn’t always effective where background noise is very high. Plus, this is our natural tendency to raise our voice to match the noise levels around us. We tend to try and match the loudest sound we can hear. It is worth pointing out, however, that this would not be the first time that our use of mobile phones has challenged the idea of good manners. When phones were firstly invented, they raised all kinds of questions. Should one have a phone conversation when undressed? Was it proper to stand up when speaking to a woman on the phone? It seems mobile phones, then, are a technology that may always form new etiquette issues. 1．Dr. Adam Rutherford doesn’t enjoy hearing about people’s private lives, does he? 2．When do we easily lose temper? 3．How may the elderly feel when they hear somebody talking loudly on the phone? 4．Where isn’t the fixed volume of “sidetone” always effective? 5．What is people’s natural tendency for loudness on the phone? 6．What is your suggestion when answering the phone in public? Why? 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点12 读写组合练热点话题之社会概览 （阅读单选+完形填空+阅读简答题） 文章导读 主要内容 一、社会现象与倡议： 1. 环保倡议（节约用水的具体措施：关水龙头、合理用水、水循环利用、宣传教育）； 2. 公共礼仪（公共场合手机通话的噪音问题，背后的科学原因与礼仪建议）； 3. 青少年生活（睡眠不足的原因：熬夜、早开学、电子设备使用，改善睡眠的建议）； 二、科技与社会： 1. 科技产品（机器宠物的特点、适合人群：老年人、儿童，优势与发展趋势）； 2. 社会商业（独立书店的复苏，原因：个性化服务、社交功能、附加服务）； 三、文化与传承： 传统技艺传承（年画技艺的家族传承，李明学习年画延续传统）； 四、地区与科学 ：1. 地区概况（加利福尼亚的地理、人口、经济、资源、面临的问题：地震、缺水、森林火灾）； 2. 科学探索（达尔文对茅膏菜的实验，观察植物捕捉昆虫的特性）； 3. 社会行为（小动作对注意力的影响，不同类型小动作的利弊） 题型解题要领 一、阅读单选题： 1. 细节题：定位题干关键信息（如社会倡议的措施、科技产品的特点、科学实验的结论），回归原文精准查找对应内容（如节约用水的方法、独立书店复苏的原因）； 2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境（社会场景、科学定义、逻辑关系）推断词义（如 “conserve” 通过节水语境推断为 “节约”，“fidgeting” 通过 “小动作” 描述推断）； 3. 主旨题：聚焦全文核心话题（如环保倡议、科技产品应用、社会现象分析），排除局部细节选项；4. 推理判断题：基于原文信息（如社会问题的原因、科学实验的过程）合理推断（如从机器宠物特点推断适合的人群）； 二、完形填空： 1. 联系上下文：根据前后句逻辑（转折、因果、并列）选择符合语境的词（如社会类文章优先 “protect”“improve”“solve”“develop” 等词汇）； 2. 关注固定搭配：注意动词与介词、名词与形容词的搭配（如 “take action”“contribute to”“be famous for”）； 3. 结合话题背景：围绕 “社会概览” 核心，选择贴合社会现象、科技应用、文化传承、科学探索场景的词汇； 三、阅读简答题： 1. 找原文依据：直接提取或整合原文关键信息（如社会倡议的措施、问题的原因、实验的结论），确保答案准确； 2. 简洁作答：按题干要求用短语或短句回应，避免冗余表述； 3. 开放性问题：结合社会现实或自身经历，给出贴合 “社会问题解决、科学探索、文化传承” 主题的答案（如对公共礼仪的建议） 组合套餐01 Passage 1 Every Drop Counts Take Action Now to Conserve Water for Future Generations Turn Off the Tap: ·Don’t let the water run while brushing your teeth or washing dishes. ·Fix any leaking taps to prevent unnecessary water waste. Use Water Wisely: ·Use equipment that doesn’t waste much water. ·Water your plants early in the morning or late in the evening to minimize evaporation (减少蒸发). Reuse and Recycle Water: ·Collect rainwater for gardening and other outdoor uses. ·Use greywater systems to recycle water from sinks and showers. Educate and Support: ·Teach others about the importance of water protection. ·Support programs and actions that aim to protect our water resources. 1．The text above is ________. A．an advertisement B．an email C．a poster D．a newspaper 2．The underlined word “conserve” means ________. A．use B．save C．support D．waste 3．Which of the following pictures shows the “greywater system”? A． B． C． D． 4．The school is organizing a “Campus Water Saving Day” event. Which of the following suggestions does this activity follow? A．Turn off the tap. B．Use water wisely. C．Reuse and recycle water. D．Educate and support. 5．The main purpose of the material is to ________. A．show us the importance of protecting and conserving water B．introduce some simple and effective ways to conserve water C．provide examples of how people conserve water successfully D．attract people to take part in the water conservation activities 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇关于节约用水的宣传海报，详细介绍了多种节约用水的具体措施，包括及时关闭水龙头、合理用水、重复利用和回收水以及教育和支持相关活动等，旨在呼吁人们为子孙后代节约用水。 1．推理判断题。文章整体以简洁明了的文字，搭配清晰的标题和要点列举，呈现出一种宣传、呼吁的风格，符合海报的特点。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章标题“Every Drop Counts. Take Action Now to Conserve Water for Future Generations”以及后文介绍的各种节约用水的方法，可以推断“conserve”在这里的意思是“节约、保存”，与“save”意思相近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Use greywater systems to recycle water from sinks and showers.”可知，灰水系统是回收利用洗手池和淋浴间用水的系统。故选D。 4．推理判断题。学校组织“校园节水日”活动，其目的主要是通过教育让学生了解节水的重要性并支持节水行动，从而在校园内形成节水的氛围和习惯。“Educate and support”（教育和支持）这一建议最符合该活动的宗旨。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章详细介绍了多种简单有效的节水方法，如关水龙头、合理用水、重复利用和回收水以及教育和支持相关行动等，其核心目的是向读者介绍这些节水方法。故选B。 Passage 2 Do you dream of a perfect pet that’s soft, furry, and full of love? What if it’s also simple to care for and never makes a mess? Well, you can have all that with a robo-pet! The “Nearly Real” Pet of Tomorrow A robo-pet, 1 robotic pet, isn’t a real animal, but it looks just like one. It’s often covered in soft, fake fur too. If real cats or dogs make you feel sick, don’t worry—the fake fur on robo-pets is quite 2 . These battery-powered pets can do lots of things real pets do. They bark, wag their tails, play games, and more! Better yet, they can be the loving friend you’ve always wanted. Of course, robots can’t fully 3 real animals yet—they can only do what they’re programmed to do. But this issue is 4 . Soon, you might even struggle to tell a robo-pet apart from a real animal! A “No-Worry” Companion for Seniors Older people really like robo-pets. Many seniors don’t have the energy or ability to move around enough to care for a real pet. They might also forget to look after a real pet because of 5 problems. Or they can’t afford the food and medicine real animals need. But robo-pets don’t need such care and can bring joy to their lives. With robo-pets, older people can enjoy having a pet without any 6 or responsibilities. A Fantastic Partner for Kids Robo-pets are also super popular with kids. Looking after a robo-pet is a great way to learn about responsibility. For kids who are scared of real dogs or cats, robo-pets can help them face their fears little by little and become braver. And if kids want something more exciting than regular dogs and cats, they can pick more creative choices. Robotic toy unicorns, dinosaurs, and many other cool options exist, too. 7 which robo-pet you choose, you’ll end up with a fun friend that makes your life more enjoyable. 1．A．calling for B．short for C．standing for D．named for 2．A．soft B．hard C．safe D．comfortably 3．A．instead of B．take place C．replace D．reuse 4．A．changing B．improving C．happening D．disappearing 5．A．health B．money C．memory D．time 6．A．anger B．happiness C．duties D．stress 7．A．No matter B．Although C．Even if D．When 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了机器宠物的优点，它们受到老年人和孩子们的喜爱。 1．句意：机器宠物，A robo-pet是robotic pet的缩写，并不是真正的动物，但看起来和真的一模一样。 calling for需要；short for是……的缩写；standing for代表；named for因……而命名。根据“A robo-pet, ...robotic pet”可知，此处是指A robo-pet是robotic pet的缩写。故选B。 2．句意：如果真猫或真狗让你感到不适，别担心——机器宠物的人造皮毛相当安全。 soft柔软的；hard坚硬的；safe安全的；comfortably舒适地。根据“If real cats or dogs make you feel sick, don’t worry—the fake fur on robo-pets is quite...”可知，真宠物让人感到不适，机器宠物的毛发是安全的。故选C。 3．句意：当然，机器人不能完全取代真正的动物——它们只能做被编程好的事情。 instead of代替；take place发生；replace取代；reuse重复使用。根据“they can only do what they’re programmed to do”可知，它们只能做被编程好的事情，因此机器人不能完全取代真正的动物。故选C。 4．句意：但是这个问题正在改善。 changing变化；improving改善；happening发生；disappearing消失。根据“Soon, you might even struggle to tell a robo-pet apart from a real animal!”可知，很快，你将很难分辨机器宠物和真动物。这表明这个问题正在改善。故选B。 5．句意：他们也可能因为记忆问题而忘记照顾真宠物。 health健康；money金钱；memory记忆；time时间。根据“forget to look after a real pet”可知，说明是记忆力导致忘记照顾，故选C。 6．句意：有了机器宠物，老年人可以享受拥有宠物的乐趣，而没有任何压力和责任。 anger愤怒；happiness快乐；duties职责；stress压力。根据“without any... or responsibilities”可知，此处是指没有压力和责任，故选D。 7．句意：无论你选择哪一种机器宠物，最终都会收获一个有趣的朋友，让你的生活变得更愉快。 No matter无论；Although虽然；Even if即使；When当……时。根据“which robo-pet you choose”可知，此处是指无论你选择哪一种，故选A。 Passage 3 The Storyteller’s Brush When Li Ming’s grandfather passed away, he left behind a simple wooden box. Inside, Li Ming found an old brush—its bamboo handle smooth and dark with age, the bristles (刷子毛) worn down from years of use. His mother explained that this was no ordinary brush. For over fifty years, his grandfather had used it to paint beautiful New Year pictures, known as Nianhua, for their village. The brush was a symbol of his life’s work and his connection to the community. Each year before the Spring Festival, his grandfather would set up a small stand in the market. Families would come to buy his paintings of gods, flowers, and happy children. These pictures were believed to bring good luck and protect homes. “He wasn’t just selling pictures,” his mother said softly. “He was helping people hold onto hope and tradition.” With the arrival of printed posters and digital decorations, fewer people bought the hand-painted Nianhua. Yet, his grandfather continued until his hands could no longer hold the brush steadily. He believed that as long as one person appreciated his art, it was worth continuing. Li Ming felt a deep sadness but also ___________. He realized that if he didn’t learn this skill, his grandfather’s art might disappear forever. He took the brush to his art teacher at school, asking how to care for it and what kind of ink to use. He found a book on traditional Chinese painting and began to practice simple strokes after finishing his homework. His first lines were shaky, and the ink blotted on the paper, but he did not give up. He practiced the same stroke over and over every evening until his lines became steady. His mother often watched him, smiling and telling him to keep trying. Weeks later, as the next Spring Festival approached, Li Ming had an idea. He carefully painted a simple but bright “Fu” character—the symbol for good fortune. He framed it and gave it to his mother. Tears filled her eyes as she hung it on their door. The brush, once silent, now told a new story. Li Ming understood that he wasn’t just learning to paint; he was becoming the next link in a long chain, using the same brush to connect his grandfather’s world with his own. He promised himself that he would continue to practice and maybe one day teach others, so this beautiful tradition would never be forgotten. 1．Did Li Ming’s grandfather use to be a village artist? 2．Why did Li Ming’s grandfather stop painting Nianhua? 3．How did Mother feel about Grandfather when talking about his story? 4．Write a few words to make the context complete and logical. (less than 8 words) Li Ming felt a deep sadness but also . 5．What did Li Ming do to follow in his grandfather’s footsteps? 6．How do you understand “The brush, once silent, now told a new story”? 【答案】1．Yes, he did. 2．Because his hands could no longer hold the brush steadily. 3．She felt proud and respectful. 4．a sense of responsibility/a strong determination 5．He practiced traditional painting and learned how to use the brush. 6．It means the brush was used again to continue the family tradition. 【导语】本文主要讲述了李明在祖父去世后，发现祖父留下的画笔，了解到祖父作为村庄艺术家画年画的经历，随着时代变迁年画逐渐被冷落，但祖父坚持，李明深受触动，决定学习并传承这一传统的故事。 1．根据第一段“For over fifty years, his grandfather had used it to paint beautiful New Year pictures, known as Nianhua, for their village.”可知，李明的祖父50多年来一直为村庄画美丽的年画，所以他是村庄的艺术家。故填Yes, he did. 2．根据第二段“Yet, his grandfather continued until his hands could no longer hold the brush steadily.”可知，李明的祖父停止画年画是因为他的手再也不能稳稳地握住画笔了。故填Because his hands could no longer hold the brush steadily. 3．根据第二段“He wasn’t just selling pictures,” his mother said softly. “He was helping people hold onto hope and tradition.”可知，母亲在讲述祖父的故事时，认为祖父不仅仅是在卖画，还在帮助人们坚守希望和传统，由此可推断出母亲对祖父是感到骄傲和尊敬的。故填She felt proud and respectful. 4．这是一个开放性问题，根据后文“He realized that if he didn’t learn this skill, his grandfather’s art might disappear forever.”可知，李明意识到如果自己不学习这项技能，祖父的艺术可能会永远消失，所以他除了感到深深的悲伤外，还应有一种责任感或者坚定的决心。故填a sense of responsibility/a strong determination。 5．根据第三段“He found a book on traditional Chinese painting and began to practice simple strokes after finishing his homework.”可知，李明为了追随祖父的脚步，练习传统绘画并学习如何使用画笔。故填He practiced traditional painting and learned how to use the brush. 6．根据最后一段“Li Ming understood that he wasn’t just learning to paint; he was becoming the next link in a long chain, using the same brush to connect his grandfather’s world with his own.”可知，这句话的意思是这支画笔再次被使用，继续延续着家族的传统。故填It means the brush was used again to continue the family tradition. 组合套餐02 Passage 1 Sleep is important to teenagers because it plays an important role in their physical and mental development. So how many hours of sleep does a teenager need? Age group Age range Recommended (建议的) hours of sleep every 24 hours School-age 6—12 years 9—12 hours Teen 13—18 years 8—10 hours Adult 18 years and older 7 hours or more A recent report shows that many teenagers in America are not getting the recommended amount of sleep. Here are the results. Why is it hard for teens to get good sleep? There is no single reason. Instead, several factors contribute (是……的原因之一) to this problem. One of them is late bedtime and early school start times. Now, more and more teenagers are developing a habit of being “a night owl”, staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning. If allowed to sleep as they wish, many teens would get eight hours or more a night, but most school start times require them to wake up much earlier in the morning. The use of electronic devices like the smartphone and computer is another factor. Research has found that 89% or more of teens keep at least one device in their bedroom at night. Screen time late into the evening can cause sleep problems. Using these devices can keep teens excited and unable to fall asleep. Sudden phone messages can disrupt (扰乱) sleep. And being in the light from smartphones also makes people feel less sleepy. So teens should improve their sleep environment and habits to get better sleep. Here are some tips. ◆ Get eight hours of sleep a night on weekdays and weekends. ◆ Put away electronic devices at least a half-hour before bed. Keep them on silent during the night. ◆ Keep your bedroom cool, dark and quiet. 1．According to the report many American teenagers ______. A．don’t need much sleep B．don’t get the recommended amount of sleep C．sleep too much D．get enough sleep 22．One of the reasons why it’s hard for teens to get good sleep is ______. A．early bedtime and late school start times B．late bedtime and early school start times C．having too many friends D．watching too much TV during the day 3．The underlined phrase “a night owl” in the passage means ______. A．a person who likes to get up early B．a person who likes to stay up late C．a person who sleeps a lot during the day D．a person who doesn’t like sleeping 4．The use of electronic devices can cause sleep problems NOT because ______. A．they are too expensive B．using these devices can keep teens excited C．sudden phone messages can disrupt sleep D．the light from smartphones makes people feel less sleepy 5．To create a good sleep environment, the bedroom should be ______. A．hot, bright and noisy B．warm, dark and noisy C．cool, dark and quiet D．cool, bright and quiet 6．The passage is probably taken from ______ section of a newspaper. A．“Local News” B．“Teenager Life” C．“Wonderful World” D．“Cross Culture” 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了青少年所需的睡眠时间、难以获得良好睡眠的原因以及改善睡眠的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent report shows that many teenagers in America are not getting the recommended amount of sleep.”可知，最近的一份报告显示，美国的许多青少年没有得到建议的睡眠量。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Why is it hard for teens to get good sleep? There is no single reason. Instead, several factors contribute to this problem. One of them is late bedtime and early school start times.”可知，青少年难以获得良好睡眠的原因之一是睡得晚和上学时间早。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Now, more and more teenagers are developing a habit of being ‘a night owl’, staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning.”可知，“a night owl”是指晚上睡得更晚，早上睡得更久的人，即熬夜的人。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Using these devices can keep teens excited and unable to fall asleep. Sudden phone messages can disrupt sleep. And being in the light from smartphones also makes people feel less sleepy.”可知，使用电子设备可以让青少年保持兴奋而无法入睡、突然的手机信息可以扰乱睡眠、而且智能手机发出的光也会让人感觉不那么困倦；然而，文章并没有提到电子设备太贵会导致睡眠问题。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Keep your bedroom cool, dark and quiet.”可知，为了创造一个良好的睡眠环境，卧室应该保持凉爽、黑暗和安静。故选C。 6．推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文主要讨论了青少年的睡眠问题，包括他们所需的睡眠时间、影响睡眠的因素以及改善睡眠的建议，也就是说这篇文章的内容与青少年的生活紧密相关；据此可以推断，这篇文章最有可能来自报纸的“Teenager Life”栏目。故选B。 Passage 2 Choose the best words or phrases to complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文) California is located in the far west of the USA and has a long Pacific Ocean coastline. With almost 34 million people, it has the largest population of any of the states of the USA．It is the third largest in 1 , with just over 400,000 square kilometers. It has an excellent climate although there are very dry areas which do not get enough rain. Only one of the states of the USA, California is in itself the world’s fifth largest economy. It is especially 2 wine, fruits and vegetables of many kinds agriculturally. It is the home of Silicon Valley (硅谷), the centre of the world’s computer industry. Los Angeles, its largest city, has the world’s largest film and television industry and is best known for the district called Hollywood. California is also 3 in natural resources such as oil, natural gas and wood. California has a huge 4 industry. This is partly because of the many natural beauties in the state, but also because of attractions such as Disneyland, Sea World and other theme parks. 5 , California suffers serious earthquakes often. Parts of California also have water shortages, and because the countryside can be very dry, forest fires are always a major problem. California has many claims to fame. It’s very interesting that its recent laws 6 motor vehicles to have zero carbon dioxide emissions. Because of this, and the fact that a quarter of all motor vehicles made in the USA are sold in California, the motor industry is trying hard to produce vehicles powered by hydrogen. 1．A．shape B．number C．height D．area 2．A．famous for B．connected with C．full of D．covered with 3．A．basic B．popular C．rich D．generous 4．A．film B．tourist C．fashion D．information 5．A．Finally B．Actually C．Unluckily D．Usually 6．A．allow B．supply C．cause D．require 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的地理、人口、经济、农业、自然资源、旅游业及面临的自然灾害问题。 1．句意：它是面积第三大的，只有40多万平方公里。 shape形状；number数字；height高度；area面积。根据“with just over 400,000 square kilometers”（超过40万平方公里）可知此处指面积。故选D。 2．句意：它以葡萄酒、水果和多种农业蔬菜而闻名。 famous for以……闻名；connected with与……相关；full of充满；covered with被……覆盖。根据“It is especially...wine, fruits and vegetables”可知此处表示“出名的”，短语“be famous for”符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：加利福尼亚州还拥有丰富的石油、天然气和木材等自然资源。 basic基本的；popular流行的；rich富有的；generous慷慨的。根据“California is also...in natural resources such as oil, natural gas and wood. California has a huge...”可知此处表示“丰富的”，“rich in”为固定搭配，表示“富含”。故选C。 4．句意：加州有庞大的旅游业。 film电影；tourist游客；fashion时尚；information信息。根据“This is partly because of the many natural beauties in the state, but also because of attractions such as Disneyland...”可知自然美景和主题公园（如迪士尼）与旅游相关。故选B。 5．句意：不幸的是，加州经常遭受严重地震。 Finally最后；Actually实际上；Unluckily不幸地；Usually通常。根据“...California suffers serious earthquakes often”可知后文描述自然灾害，需转折语气，表示“不幸地”。故选C。 6．句意：非常有趣的是，它最近的法律要求机动车零二氧化碳排放。 allow允许；supply供应；cause导致；require要求。根据“motor vehicles to have zero carbon dioxide emissions....the motor industry is trying hard to produce vehicles powered by hydrogen”可知此处表示政府要求机动车零排放。故选D。 Passage 3 Small, independent bookstores in neighborhoods across the United States are places to discover new books and make friends. About 20 years ago, stores like these were closing in large numbers because of competition from large bookstores and online book sales. But about 10 years ago, something unusual happened: independent bookstores seemingly came back to life. Many are profitable (盈利的), and the number of stores is growing. In a Virginia community called Arlington, many people buy their books at a store called One More Page Books. Customer Cheryl Moore says she likes the personal service she receives at small bookstores. Moore said, “I think they pay attention to the kinds of books people like to read. They have book clubs, so I don’t think it’s a place where people just buy books, but make friends here.” After almost dying off, small, independent bookstores grew by 35 percent between 2009 and 2015. The American Booksellers Association says sales at the more than 2,400 bookstores across the country rose about 5 percent over the past year. For people who love reading, independent bookstores sometimes become a home. Kristen Maier lives in Missouri, but often comes to One More Page Books when she visits the Virginia area for work. She does not think electronic devices can replace the feeling of holding a real book. Independent bookstores know they have to sell more than books. One More Page tries to attract people by offering them wine or chocolate they can take home along with a book. “We’re going to keep doing what we do well, and hope that our community loves having us around enough to support us,” Nebeker, the owner of the bookstore added. 1．Does the Cheryl Moore like the personal service she receives at small bookstores?       2．When did independent bookstores come back to life? 3．What can people do in small independent bookstores according to Cheryl? 4．Why does Kristen Maier prefer to buy books in One More Page Books? 5．How does One More Page attract people? 6．Would you like to buy books in independent bookstores or online? Why? 【答案】1．Yes, she does. 2．About 10 years ago. 3．They can discover new books and make friends. 4．Because she does not think electronic devices can replace the feeling of holding a real book. 5．By offering them wine or chocolate they can take home along with a book. 6．I’d like to buy books in independent bookstores. Because I can enjoy the personal service, make friends, and get the real feeling of reading a physical book.（言之有理即可） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国的小型独立书店曾因大型书店和线上售书的竞争而大量倒闭，约10年前开始复苏，如今数量持续增长且多数实现盈利。 1．根据“Customer Cheryl Moore says she likes the personal service she receives at small bookstores.”可知，顾客Cheryl Moore表示喜欢小书店提供的个性化服务。直接明确她的态度是肯定的。故填Yes, she does. 2．根据“But about 10 years ago, something unusual happened: independent bookstores seemingly came back to life.”可知，但大约10年前，独立书店似乎重新焕发生机。明确说明复兴时间。故填About 10 years ago. 3．根据“They have book clubs, so I don’t think it’s a place where people just buy books, but make friends here.”可知，人们不仅买书，还会在此交友。直接说明书店兼具购书与社交功能。故填They can discover new books and make friends. 4．根据“She does not think electronic devices can replace the feeling of holding a real book.”可知，她认为电子设备无法替代手持实体书的感受。明确其偏好实体书的原因。故填Because she does not think electronic devices can replace the feeling of holding a real book. 5．根据“One More Page tries to attract people by offering them wine or chocolate they can take home along with a book.”可知，书店通过提供可带回家的酒或巧克力吸引顾客。说明其附加服务策略。故填By offering them wine or chocolate they can take home along with a book. 【点睛】本题为开放性作答，需结合个人观点。合理选择并给出简单理由即可（如社交体验、便利性、价格等）。故参考答案为I’d like to buy books in independent bookstores. Because I can enjoy the personal service, make friends, and get the real feeling of reading a physical book. 组合套餐03 Passage 1 Charles Darwin was a British scientist. He lived from 1809 to 1882. He studied plants and animals and did many experiments. Darwin’s Diary Can plants kill flies? In this summer, I found sundew (茅膏菜) plants with many insects on them. I decided to examine them more carefully. I examined 12 plants, and I found 31 dead insects, or parts of their bodies. Some leaves caught several insects. The sundew plant catches flies much more often than other insects. I want to do some experiments. I don’t know what I’ll find out. Experiment 1 I put several items in the center of each leaf. The tentacles (触须) always moved toward the items. The speed was not always the same. Why? Experiment 2 I found a leaf with a fly on it. The fly could not escape. The fly was on one side of the leaf. The tentacles on that side closed around the fly and killed it. The tentacles from the other side of the leaf never moved! Experiment 3 I put a dead fly in the center of a leaf. The next morning, the leaf was closed. It opened again five days later. There was no fly. 1．What is Darwin mainly doing in this diary? A．He is explaining ways to keep insects away. B．He is writing stories about dangerous plants. C．He is recording experiments on sundew plants. D．He is learning how to grow sundew plants in summer. 2．What did Darwin find when he examined 12 sundew plants in the summer? A．He found 12 insects, some of them still alive. B．He found 12 dead insects, one on each plant. C．He found 31 dead flies or parts of their bodies. D．He found 31 dead insects and many of them were flies. 3．Why did Darwin put several items in the center of each leaf in Experiment 1? A．To feed the sundew plants so that they could grow faster. B．To see how the tentacles reacted to different things placed on the leaf. C．To clean the leaves before he started the real experiment. D．To stop the tentacles from moving toward real insects. 4．What conclusion can Darwin draw from Experiment 2? A．All the tentacles on the leaf must close to catch a fly. B．The sundew leaf only moves when the insect is in the center. C．Only the tentacles near the fly move to catch and kill it. D．The tentacles can move even if there is no insect on the leaf. 5．Which of the following is NOT supported by the results of Experiment 3? A．The leaf can close even when the insect is dead. B．The leaf may stay closed for several days after reacting. C．Movement is necessary for the leaf’s reaction. D．The leaf’s response can last beyond a short time. 6．What is the best description of Darwin according to his diary? A．He is curious and keeps doing experiments to find out the truth. B．He is patient and pays close attention to numbers in each experiment. C．He is confident that his first idea is always right and doesn’t need testing. D．He prefers reading other people’s research to doing his own experiments. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了查尔斯·达尔文这位英国科学家对茅膏菜植物进行的一系列实验记录。他通过观察和实验，探究茅膏菜植物捕捉昆虫的方式及相关特性，展现了达尔文对植物研究的浓厚兴趣和严谨的科学探索精神。 1．细节理解题。根据“Can plants kill flies? In this summer, I found sundew (茅膏菜) plants with many insects on them. I decided to examine them more carefully.”以及后文一系列实验描述可知，达尔文在这篇日记中主要是记录对茅膏菜植物所做的实验。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“I examined 12 plants, and I found 31 dead insects, or parts of their bodies. Some leaves caught several insects. The sundew plant catches flies much more often than other insects.”可知，达尔文检查12株茅膏菜植物时，发现了31只死昆虫，且其中很多是苍蝇。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“I put several items in the center of each leaf. The tentacles (触须) always moved toward the items. The speed was not always the same. Why?”可推测，达尔文把几个物品放在每片叶子的中心，是为了看看触须对放在叶子上的不同东西会有什么反应。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“I found a leaf with a fly on it. The fly could not escape. The fly was on one side of the leaf. The tentacles on that side closed around the fly and killed it. The tentacles from the other side of the leaf never moved!”可知，只有靠近苍蝇的触须会移动去捕捉并杀死它，其他触须不动。所以达尔文能从实验2中得出只有靠近苍蝇的触须会移动去捕捉并杀死它的结论。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“I put a dead fly in the center of a leaf. The next morning, the leaf was closed. It opened again five days later. There was no fly.”可知，叶子在有死苍蝇时会闭合，且闭合后可能持续好几天才打开，说明叶子闭合不一定需要昆虫是活的，即运动不是叶子反应的必要条件。所以“运动是叶子反应的必要条件”这一说法不被实验3的结果支持。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据达尔文在日记中对茅膏菜植物观察细致，并且不断做实验探究其捕捉昆虫的方式等行为可知，他充满好奇心，并且持续做实验来探寻真相。故选A。 Passage 2 We’ve all seen it: the classmate moving his foot up and down, students clicking their pens. For years, this “fidgeting” (小动作) was seen as a(n) 1 that a person was not interested or was losing focus. But what if we’ve been wrong all along? Simple moves help A study from Harvard University asked two groups of students to listen to a difficult speech. One group could hold and press soft balls quietly while the other could not. The fidgeting group did much better on the following test. Dr. John Ratey explains that you can clear away mental noise and pay attention better by moving your body, 2 a little. This works because it increases a helpful brain chemical. Therefore, some researchers argue that for many, fidgeting isn’t a problem—it’s a way that allows the brain to 3 other things and focus on the main task. Wrong moves fail However, the benefits depend on the type of fidget. A study from the UK found that simple fidgeting, like moving your foot, could help you focus. But fidgeting with something 4 , like solving a puzzle, could injure your attention. It makes your brain work too hard. 5 , a brain scientist says the sound of a fidget toy can be a problem for others. This noise can make it hard for everyone in the room to do their work. 6 moves win It seems that the type of fidget extremely matters. The key is a fidget that doesn’t require thought. As for the noise? “The thoughtful fidgeter is the good fidgeter,” concludes Dr. Medina. “If you feel the need to fidget, you’d better choose a simple, silent one. Your tool shouldn’t become someone else’s problem.” 1．A．sign B．goal C．excuse D．reason 2．A．especially B．hardly C．first D．even 3．A．deal with B．get rid of C．run into D．go over 4．A．different B．interesting C．difficult D．easy 5．A．What’s more B．In fact C．For example D．As a result 6．A．Quick B．Loud C．Hard D．Smart 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小动作对人们的影响，并指出简单的小动作有助于集中注意力，而复杂的小动作则可能分散注意力。 1．句意：多年来，这种“坐立不安”被视为一个人不感兴趣或注意力不集中的标志。 sign标志；goal目标；excuse借口；reason原因。根据“a person was not interested or was losing focus”可知，坐立不安被视为一个人不感兴趣或注意力不集中的标志。故选A。 2．句意：约翰·拉特博士解释说，你甚至可以通过轻微地移动身体来清除精神噪音，更好地集中注意力。 especially尤其；hardly几乎不；first首先；even甚至。根据“you can clear away mental noise and pay attention better by moving your body, …a little”可知，甚至可以通过轻微地移动身体来清除精神噪音，更好地集中注意力，此处表示递进关系，故用even。故选D。 3．句意：因此，一些研究人员认为，对许多人来说，坐立不安并不是一个问题——它是一种让大脑摆脱其他事情，专注于主要任务的方式。 deal with处理；get rid of摆脱；run into撞上；go over复习。根据“it’s a way that allows the brain to …other things and focus on the main task”可知，坐立不安是一种让大脑摆脱其他事情，专注于主要任务的方式。故选B。 4．句意：但是，摆弄一些困难的东西，比如解谜题，可能会分散你的注意力。 different不同的；interesting有趣的；difficult困难的；easy容易的。根据“could injure your attention”可知，摆弄一些困难的东西会分散你的注意力。故选C。 5．句意：此外，一位脑科学家说，摆弄玩具的声音对其他人来说可能是一个问题。 What’s more此外；In fact事实上；For example例如；As a result结果。根据“a brain scientist says the sound of a fidget toy can be a problem for others”可知，此处是进一步说明摆弄玩具的弊端，用“What’s more”符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：聪明的小动作获胜。 Quick快的；Loud大声的；Hard困难的；Smart聪明的。根据“It seems that the type of fidget extremely matters. The key is a fidget that doesn’t require thought.”以及下文“If you feel the need to fidget, you’d better choose a simple, silent one. Your tool shouldn’t become someone else’s problem.”可知，此处指的是聪明的小动作，即不要求思考的、简单无声的小动作。故选D。 Passage 3 Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题) Ever irritated by someone shouting at their mobile phone in a public place? We’ve all lost temper at least once at the sound of a person loudly communicating with someone on a mobile phone. Recently, Dr. Adam Rutherford has been answering questions. “I have no interest in hearing about other people’s private lives.” “The conversation would have seemed to worry older generations. I think they would have considered it rude to talk loudly in public.” Many people seem to do it without realizing why, but is there a scientific reason for their loudness? The answer begins by looking at one of the telephone designs called “sidetone”-a feature whereby a caller could hear his or her own voice in the phone’s speaker when talking. This makes the user sure that his or her loud voice can be heard clearly, leaving no reason to raise voice on the phone. But the problem with mobiles is that they are mobile, and a fixed volume of “sidetone” isn’t always effective where background noise is very high. Plus, this is our natural tendency to raise our voice to match the noise levels around us. We tend to try and match the loudest sound we can hear. It is worth pointing out, however, that this would not be the first time that our use of mobile phones has challenged the idea of good manners. When phones were firstly invented, they raised all kinds of questions. Should one have a phone conversation when undressed? Was it proper to stand up when speaking to a woman on the phone? It seems mobile phones, then, are a technology that may always form new etiquette issues. 1．Dr. Adam Rutherford doesn’t enjoy hearing about people’s private lives, does he? 2．When do we easily lose temper? 3．How may the elderly feel when they hear somebody talking loudly on the phone? 4．Where isn’t the fixed volume of “sidetone” always effective? 5．What is people’s natural tendency for loudness on the phone? 6．What is your suggestion when answering the phone in public? Why? 【答案】1．No, he doesn’t. 2．When we hear a person loudly communicating/talking with someone on a mobile phone. 3．They may feel worried and rude. 4．In noisy places. / In the place(s) where background noise is very high. 5．We tend to raise our voice to match the noise levels around us./We tend to try and match the loudest sound we can hear. 6．I suggest that we should speak softly/ in a soft voice/ in a low voice. Because we shouldn’t make others feel uncomfortable. 【导语】本文主要探讨了人们在公共场合大声使用手机通话的现象及其背后的原因。 1．根据“I have no interest in hearing about other people’s private lives.”可知Dr. Adam Rutherford对听别人的私生活不感兴趣。故填No, he doesn’t. 2．根据“We’ve all lost temper at least once at the sound of a person loudly communicating with someone on a mobile phone.”可知当听到有人在公共场合大声打电话时容易发脾气。故填When we hear a person loudly communicating/talking with someone on a mobile phone. 3．根据“The conversation would have seemed to worry older generations. I think they would have considered it rude to talk loudly in public.”可知老一辈人可能认为大声打电话是粗鲁的并且感到担忧。故填They may feel worried and rude. 4．根据“a fixed volume of ‘sidetone’ isn’t always effective where background noise is very high.”可知在背景噪音很大的地方，固定音量的“侧音”并不总是有效。故填In noisy places. / In the place(s) where background noise is very high. 5．根据“this is our natural tendency to raise our voice to match the noise levels around us.”可知人们会本能地提高声音以匹配周围噪音水平。故填We tend to raise our voice to match the noise levels around us./We tend to try and match the loudest sound we can hear. 6．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为I suggest that we should speak softly/ in a soft voice/ in a low voice. Because we shouldn’t make others feel uncomfortable. 11 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $