Unit 6 单词系统讲解表 2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级上册
2026-01-05
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资源信息
| 学段 | 初中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | 初中英语外研版七年级上册 |
| 年级 | 七年级 |
| 章节 | Unit 6 Fantastic friends |
| 类型 | 学案-知识清单 |
| 知识点 | - |
| 使用场景 | 同步教学-单元练习 |
| 学年 | 2026-2027 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 40 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2026-01-05 |
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-05 |
| 作者 | 课堂干货铺(关注我,主页搜资料,初中英语各版本,不定时更新) |
| 品牌系列 | - |
| 审核时间 | 2026-01-05 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/55788792.html |
| 价格 | 0.50储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
摘要:
该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了外研版七上Unit 6核心词汇,涵盖名词、动词、形容词及短语动词等范畴,通过“单词-常见搭配-考点提示-经典例句”四维结构,搭建从词汇记忆到语境应用的递进式学习支架。
清单以分类关联方式呈现知识体系,考点提示标注语法重点,如“surprise作名/动词的用法”“boring与bored的区别”,培养语言能力与思维品质。经典例句结合生活场景,如“喂鸽子”“逛公园”,增强应用理解,助力学习能力提升,方便学生自主复习,也为教师精准教学提供实用支持。
内容正文:
外研版七上英语Unit 6 单词系统讲解表
单词
常见搭配
考点提示
经典例句
pigeon /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ (n. 鸽子)
a white pigeon(白鸽)、pigeon post(信鸽通信)、feed a pigeon(喂鸽子)
复数形式为pigeons;白鸽常象征和平;pigeon post是旧时的信鸽通信方式
There are many pigeons flying in the square.(广场上有许多鸽子在飞。)/People used pigeon post to send messages in the past.(过去人们用信鸽通信传递消息。)
surprise /səˈpraɪz/ (n. 意想不到的事;v. 使惊讶)
a big surprise(大惊喜)、to one's surprise(令某人惊讶的是)、surprise sb.(使某人惊讶)、in surprise(惊讶地)
作名词时为可数/不可数名词;作动词时过去式/过去分词为surprised/surprised;形容词形式为surprised(感到惊讶的)、surprising(令人惊讶的)
What a nice surprise to see you here!(在这里见到你真是个惊喜!)/The news surprised all of us.(这个消息让我们所有人都很惊讶。)
knock around (短语 v. (在某处)悠闲地度过)
knock around the park(在公园闲逛)、knock around in the city(在城里闲逛)
动副短语,后接地点名词;也可表示“漫游;漂泊”,与hang around同义
We knocked around the beach all afternoon.(我们在海滩上悠闲地逛了一下午。)/He knocked around Europe for a year after graduation.(他毕业后在欧洲漂泊了一年。)
droppings /ˈdrɒpɪŋz/ (n. (兽或鸟的)粪)
bird droppings(鸟粪)、animal droppings(动物粪便)、clean up the droppings(清理粪便)
只有复数形式;常与bird/animal等词搭配,表“某种动物的粪便”
Be careful not to step on the bird droppings on the path.(小心别踩到小路上的鸟粪。)/The farmer uses animal droppings as fertilizer.(农民用动物粪便做肥料。)
boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ (adj. 无趣的,无聊的,乏味的)
a boring movie(无聊的电影)、boring work(乏味的工作)、feel boring(感到无聊)
副词形式为boringly;反义词为interesting/exciting;与bored的区别:boring修饰事物,bored修饰人
This book is so boring that I fell asleep while reading it.(这本书太无聊了,我读着读着就睡着了。)/He is bored with the daily routine.(他对日常工作感到厌烦。)(bored用法)
feed /fiːd/ (v. 喂养,饲养;给……食物)
feed the dog(喂狗)、feed on grass(以草为食)、feed sb. sth.(给某人喂某物)、feed the baby(喂宝宝)
过去式/过去分词为fed/fed,不规则变化;固定搭配feed on表“以……为食”,feed sb. sth. = feed sth. to sb.
She feeds her cat twice a day.(她每天喂两次猫。)/Cows feed on grass and hay.(牛以草和干草为食。)
madly /ˈmædli/ (adv. 发狂地;无法控制地)
run madly(疯狂地跑)、laugh madly(狂笑)、love madly(疯狂地爱)
是mad的副词形式,mad为形容词,意为“疯狂的;生气的”;比较级为more madly,最高级为most madly
He rushed madly to the station to catch the train.(他疯狂地冲向车站赶火车。)/She shouted madly at the noisy children.(她对着吵闹的孩子发狂地大喊。)
scary /ˈskeəri/ (adj. 可怕的,骇人的,恐怖的)
a scary story(恐怖故事)、scary movie(恐怖片)、feel scary(感到害怕)
副词形式为scarily;比较级为scarier,最高级为scariest;与scared的区别:scary修饰事物,scared修饰人
That haunted house is really scary.(那座鬼屋真的很恐怖。)/She is scared of snakes.(她害怕蛇。)(scared用法)
research /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ (n. 研究,调查;v. 研究,调查)
do research(做研究)、scientific research(科学研究)、research on sth.(研究某事)、research a problem(调查问题)
作名词时为不可数名词,表“一项研究”用a piece of research;作动词时过去式/过去分词为researched/researched
He is doing research on ancient history.(他正在研究古代历史。)/The scientist researched the effects of the new drug.(这位科学家研究了新药的效果。)
recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ (v. 认出;认识;辨认出)
recognise sb.(认出某人)、recognise a voice(听出声音)、recognise the problem(意识到问题)
美式拼写为recognize;过去式/过去分词为recognised/recognized/recognised/recognized;后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语
I didn't recognise her with her new haircut.(她换了新发型,我没认出她。)/She recognised the song as soon as it started.(歌曲一开始她就听出来了。)
themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ (pron. 它们自己;他们自己;她们自己)
by themselves(独自)、enjoy themselves(玩得开心)、help themselves(自取)
是they的反身代词;反身代词不能单独作主语,可作宾语、同位语;与by oneself同义
The children played by themselves in the garden.(孩子们在花园里独自玩耍。)/They enjoyed themselves at the party.(他们在派对上玩得很开心。)
mirror /ˈmɪrə/ (n. 镜子)
a big mirror(大镜子)、look in the mirror(照镜子)、mirror image(镜像)、break a mirror(打碎镜子)
复数形式为mirrors;常用搭配look in the mirror表“照镜子”;mirror image为固定短语,表“镜像”
She stood in front of the mirror and combed her hair.(她站在镜子前梳头。)/The reflection in the mirror is your mirror image.(镜子里的映像是你的镜像。)
itself /ɪtˈself/ (pron. 自己,自身)
by itself(独自)、in itself(本质上)、the cat itself(猫本身)
是it的反身代词;可作宾语、同位语,强调主语或宾语;by itself = alone
The machine can work by itself.(这台机器能自己运转。)/The problem in itself is not difficult.(问题本身并不难。)
maybe /ˈmeɪbi/ (adv. 也许,大概,可能)
maybe he is right(也许他是对的)、maybe tomorrow(也许明天)、maybe not(也许不)
是副词,常用于句首,表推测;与may be的区别:maybe是副词,may be是情态动词+动词原形,在句中作谓语
Maybe we will go to the zoo this weekend.(也许我们这周末去动物园。)/He may be late for the meeting.(他可能开会迟到。)(may be用法)
several /ˈsevrəl/ (det. 几个,数个,一些)
several books(几本书)、several times(几次)、several people(几个人)
后接可数名词复数;相当于a few,数量多于a few但少于many;不能接不可数名词
I have several friends who like playing basketball.(我有几个喜欢打篮球的朋友。)/She has been to Beijing several times.(她去过北京好几次了。)
kilometre /ˈkɪləmiːtə/ (n. 千米,公里)
a kilometre long(一公里长)、five kilometres(五公里)、per kilometre(每公里)
美式拼写为kilometer;复数形式为kilometres;是长度单位,缩写为km
The park is about two kilometres from my home.(公园离我家大约两公里。)/The car runs at 60 kilometres per hour.(这辆车以每小时60公里的速度行驶。)
get lost (短语 迷路)
get lost in the forest(在森林里迷路)、never get lost(从不迷路)、get lost on the way(在路上迷路)
是系表结构,lost为形容词,意为“迷路的”;同义短语为lose one's way
We got lost in the mountains and had to call for help.(我们在山里迷路了,只好求救。)/She lost her way in the big city.(她在大城市里迷路了。)(lose one's way用法)
speed /spiːd/ (n. 速度,速率;v. 加速)
high speed(高速)、at the speed of(以……速度)、speed up(加速)、slow down speed(减速)
作名词时为不可数名词,表“一种速度”用a speed;作动词时过去式/过去分词为sped/sped或speeded/speeded,常用speed up表“加速”
The car is moving at a high speed.(汽车正高速行驶。)/You need to speed up to catch up with the others.(你需要加速才能赶上其他人。)
amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ (adj. 惊人的;了不起的)
an amazing story(惊人的故事)、amazing achievement(了不起的成就)、look amazing(看起来很棒)
副词形式为amazingly;形容词形式还有amazed(感到惊讶的),amazing修饰事物,amazed修饰人
The view from the top of the mountain is amazing.(山顶的景色令人惊叹。)/We were amazed at his courage.(我们对他的勇气感到惊讶。)(amazed用法)
enough /ɪˈnʌf/ (pron. 足够;adj. 足够的;adv. 足够地)
enough time(足够的时间)、enough money(足够的钱)、good enough(足够好)、enough to do sth.(足够做某事)
作形容词时置于名词前/后均可,作副词时置于形容词/副词后;常用句型adj./adv. + enough to do sth.
We have enough food for the party.(我们有足够的食物供派对使用。)/He is tall enough to reach the top shelf.(他够高,能够到顶层架子。)
beaver /ˈbiːvə/ (n. 河狸,海狸)
a wild beaver(野生河狸)、beaver dam(河狸坝)、protect beavers(保护河狸)
复数形式为beavers;河狸以筑坝闻名,是濒危动物之一;beaver dam为固定短语,表“河狸坝”
Beavers are famous for building dams in rivers.(河狸以在河里筑坝而闻名。)/We should protect beavers and their living environment.(我们应该保护河狸和它们的生存环境。)
wolf /wʊlf/ (n. 狼)
a grey wolf(灰狼)、wolf pack(狼群)、cry wolf(喊狼来了;谎报军情)
复数形式为wolves,不规则变化;wolf pack为固定短语,表“狼群”;cry wolf是习语,表“谎报险情”
Wolves usually live in packs in the forest.(狼通常成群生活在森林里。)/Don't cry wolf, no one will believe you next time.(别谎报军情,下次没人会信你了。)
engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə/ (n. 工程师;设计师)
a civil engineer(土木工程师)、mechanical engineer(机械工程师)、software engineer(软件工程师)
复数形式为engineers;由engine + -eer构成;不同领域的工程师可加对应定语修饰
My father is an electrical engineer in a big company.(我爸爸是一家大公司的电气工程师。)/She wants to be a software engineer in the future.(她未来想当一名软件工程师。)
hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ (n. 英雄)
a national hero(民族英雄)、war hero(战争英雄)、real hero(真正的英雄)
复数形式为heroes;指女性英雄时可用heroine(复数heroines);常用搭配national hero表“民族英雄”
He is a hero who saved three children from the fire.(他是从火中救出三个孩子的英雄。)/Florence Nightingale is a heroine in the medical field.(南丁格尔是医疗领域的女英雄。)(heroine用法)
rescue /ˈreskjuː/ (n. 营救,救援;v. 营救,救援)
a rescue team(救援队)、rescue operation(救援行动)、rescue sb. from danger(从危险中营救某人)
作名词时为可数/不可数名词;作动词时过去式/过去分词为rescued/rescued;常用搭配rescue sb. from sth.
The rescue team arrived at the disaster area quickly.(救援队迅速抵达灾区。)/Firefighters rescued the old man from the burning house.(消防员从着火的房子里救出了老人。)
earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ (n. 地震)
a big earthquake(大地震)、earthquake disaster(地震灾害)、after the earthquake(地震后)、earthquake relief(抗震救灾)
复数形式为earthquakes;由earth + quake构成;常用搭配earthquake relief表“抗震救灾”
A strong earthquake hit the city last night.(昨晚一场强烈的地震袭击了这座城市。)/People need help with earthquake relief in the affected area.(灾区民众需要抗震救灾的帮助。)
missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ (adj. 找不到的;失踪的)
a missing child(失踪的孩子)、missing book(丢失的书)、go missing(失踪)、missing person(失踪人员)
是miss的形容词形式;常用搭配go missing表“失踪”,missing person表“失踪人员”;反义词为found
The police are looking for a missing girl in the park.(警方正在公园里寻找一名失踪的女孩。)/My keys went missing yesterday.(我的钥匙昨天不见了。)
save /seɪv/ (v. 救,拯救,挽救)
save sb.'s life(救某人的命)、save the environment(保护环境)、save money(存钱)、save time(节省时间)
过去式/过去分词为saved/saved;后可接名词、代词作宾语;常用搭配save one's life表“救某人的命”
The doctor saved the patient's life with an operation.(医生通过手术救了病人的命。)/We should save water in our daily life.(我们应该在日常生活中节约用水。)
dead /ded/ (adj. 死的,去世的)
a dead tree(枯树)、be dead(去世)、dead fish(死鱼)、dead silence(死寂)
是die的形容词形式,die为动词,death为名词;与dying的区别:dead表“死亡的状态”,dying表“垂死的”
The flowers are dead because of no water.(花因为缺水枯死了。)/His grandfather has been dead for ten years.(他的爷爷已经去世十年了。)
dodo /ˈdəʊdəʊ/ (n. 渡渡鸟)
as dead as a dodo(彻底死亡;完全过时)、extinct dodo(灭绝的渡渡鸟)
复数形式为dodos;渡渡鸟是已灭绝的鸟类;as dead as a dodo是习语,表“彻底消亡;过时”
The dodo is a kind of bird that has been extinct for hundreds of years.(渡渡鸟是一种已经灭绝数百年的鸟类。)/This old technology is as dead as a dodo now.(这项旧技术现在已经彻底过时了。)
as dead as a dodo (短语 彻底死亡)
The old tradition is as dead as a dodo.(这个古老传统已经彻底消亡了。)
是习语,可用于形容事物“彻底过时、消亡”,也可指生物“完全死亡”;dodo在此处为固定搭配元素
This fashion trend is as dead as a dodo now.(这种时尚潮流现在已经彻底过时了。)/The old custom is as dead as a dodo in modern society.(这个古老习俗在现代社会已经彻底消亡了。)
character /ˈkærəktə/ (n. (书、剧本、电影中的)人物,角色;性格)
a main character(主角)、film character(电影角色)、good character(好性格)、character trait(性格特征)
复数形式为characters;可表示“角色”或“性格”,需结合语境判断;main character为固定短语,表“主角”
Harry Potter is the main character in the book series.(哈利·波特是这套书的主角。)/She has a cheerful character and makes friends easily.(她性格开朗,很容易交到朋友。)
museum /mjuˈziːəm/ (n. 博物馆,博物院)
a science museum(科学博物馆)、art museum(艺术博物馆)、visit a museum(参观博物馆)、museum exhibit(博物馆展品)
复数形式为museums;常用搭配visit a museum表“参观博物馆”;不同类型的博物馆可加对应定语修饰
We are going to visit the history museum this weekend.(我们这周末要去参观历史博物馆。)/The museum has a new exhibit of ancient coins.(博物馆有一个新的古钱币展览。)
island /ˈaɪlənd/ (n. 岛,岛屿)
a small island(小岛)、island country(岛国)、on the island(在岛上)、desert island(荒岛)
复数形式为islands;island country为固定短语,表“岛国”;desert island表“荒岛”
Taiwan is a beautiful island in China.(台湾是中国一座美丽的岛屿。)/Japan is an island country in East Asia.(日本是东亚的一个岛国。)
ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ (n. 海洋,大海)
the Pacific Ocean(太平洋)、ocean park(海洋公园)、ocean animal(海洋动物)、deep ocean(深海)
复数形式为oceans;表示具体海洋时,首字母大写,如the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋);ocean park为固定短语,表“海洋公园”
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.(太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。)/We saw many lovely ocean animals in the ocean park.(我们在海洋公园里看到了许多可爱的海洋动物。)
plenty /ˈplenti/ (pron. 丰富,充足,众多,大量)
plenty of time(充足的时间)、plenty of food(大量的食物)、plenty of people(许多人)
后接可数名词复数或不可数名词;plenty of = a lot of/lots of;常用于肯定句,否定句/疑问句中常用enough/many/much
There is plenty of water in the bottle.(瓶子里有充足的水。)/We have plenty of books to read during the holiday.(假期里我们有很多书可以读。)
friendly /ˈfrendli/ (adj. 友好的,友善的)
be friendly to sb.(对某人友好)、friendly smile(友好的微笑)、friendly people(友善的人们)
副词形式为friendlily;比较级为friendlier/more friendly,最高级为friendliest/most friendly;固定搭配be friendly to sb.
My new classmates are very friendly to me.(我的新同学对我很友好。)/She gave me a friendly smile when she saw me.(她看到我时给了我一个友好的微笑。)
peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/ (adj. 和平的,非暴力的)
peaceful life(和平的生活)、peaceful country(和平的国家)、peaceful protest(和平抗议)、peaceful world(和平的世界)
副词形式为peacefully;名词形式为peace,意为“和平”;固定搭配peaceful world表“和平的世界”
We all hope to live in a peaceful world.(我们都希望生活在一个和平的世界里。)/The people held a peaceful protest in the square.(人们在广场上举行了和平抗议。)
arrive /əˈraɪv/ (v. 到达,抵达)
arrive at the station(到达车站)、arrive in Beijing(到达北京)、arrive early(早到)、arrive late(迟到)
过去式/过去分词为arrived/arrived;不及物动词,后接大地点用in,小地点用at;与reach的区别:reach是及物动词,后直接接地点
We will arrive at the airport at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.(我们明天早上八点到达机场。)/She arrived in Paris yesterday afternoon.(她昨天下午到达巴黎。)
forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ (n. 森林,林区)
a thick forest(茂密的森林)、forest fire(森林火灾)、in the forest(在森林里)、protect the forest(保护森林)
复数形式为forests;forest fire为固定短语,表“森林火灾”;常用搭配protect the forest表“保护森林”
Many animals live in the deep forest.(许多动物生活在茂密的森林里。)/We must prevent forest fires in dry weather.(干燥天气里我们必须预防森林火灾。)
hunt /hʌnt/ (v. 打猎;猎杀)
hunt for food(捕猎食物)、hunt animals(猎杀动物)、hunt deer(猎鹿)、stop hunting(停止捕猎)
过去式/过去分词为hunted/hunted;名词形式为hunter,意为“猎人”;常用搭配hunt for sth.表“寻找/捕猎某物”
Some people hunt animals for their fur and meat.(有些人猎杀动物获取皮毛和肉。)/The hunter hunted a rabbit in the forest.(猎人在森林里猎到了一只兔子。)(hunter用法)
die out (短语 消失;绝迹,灭绝)
die out completely(彻底灭绝)、species die out(物种灭绝)、custom die out(习俗消失)
是不及物动词短语,主语通常为物种、习俗等;die的过去式为died,过去分词为died,现在分词为dying
Many rare animals are in danger of dying out.(许多珍稀动物面临灭绝的危险。)/This old custom has died out over the years.(这个古老的习俗这些年已经消失了。)
full /fʊl/ (adj. 满的;满是……的)
be full of water(装满水)、full glass(满杯)、full of joy(充满喜悦)、full time(全职)
副词形式为fully;比较级为fuller,最高级为fullest;固定搭配be full of = be filled with,表“充满……”
The bottle is full of milk.(瓶子里装满了牛奶。)/Her eyes are full of tears of joy.(她的眼睛里充满了喜悦的泪水。)
fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ (adj. 极好的,吸引人的,有趣的)
a fantastic trip(很棒的旅行)、fantastic idea(绝妙的主意)、look fantastic(看起来很棒)
副词形式为fantastically;近义词为great/wonderful/amazing;可用于口语中表赞叹
We had a fantastic time at the theme park.(我们在主题公园玩得非常开心。)/What a fantastic idea! Let's do it right now.(多棒的主意啊!我们现在就做。)
as happy as a clam (短语 非常高兴的,相当满足的)
be as happy as a clam(非常开心)、live as happy as a clam(过得十分惬意)
是习语,多用于口语,表“极度开心、满足”;clam在此处为固定搭配元素,无实际语义变化
Since she retired, she has been as happy as a clam living in the countryside.(退休后,她在乡下过得十分惬意。)/He was as happy as a clam when he got the gift he wanted.(拿到想要的礼物时,他开心极了。)
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