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外研版七上英语Unit 2 单词系统讲解表 单词 常见搭配 考点提示 经典例句 rock music (短语 n. 摇滚乐) listen to rock music(听摇滚乐)、like rock music(喜欢摇滚乐)、a rock music concert(摇滚乐音乐会) rock作名词可表示“岩石;摇滚乐”,作“摇滚乐”讲时与music搭配为固定短语;rock还可作动词,意为“摇晃;摇动”,过去式和过去分词为rocked、rocked He is a big fan of rock music.(他是摇滚乐的忠实粉丝。)/She likes to listen to rock music when she works.(她工作时喜欢听摇滚乐。)/The baby was rocked to sleep in the cradle.(婴儿在摇篮里被摇着睡着了。)(rock动词用法) electric / lektr k/ (adj. 用电的;电动的) an electric guitar(电吉他)、an electric car(电动汽车)、electric light(电灯) 与electrical的区别:electric指“由电驱动的、用电的”,修饰具体电器;electrical指“与电相关的、电气的”,修饰抽象概念或学科;副词形式为electrically This is an electric guitar for beginners.(这是一把给初学者用的电吉他。)/He bought a new electric bike last week.(他上周买了一辆新的电动自行车。)/She studies electrical engineering at university.(她在大学里学习电气工程。)(electrical用法) guitar / t / (n. 吉他) play the guitar(弹吉他)、a classical guitar(古典吉他)、an electric guitar(电吉他)、buy a guitar(买一把吉他) 乐器类名词前通常加定冠词the;复数形式为guitars;常用搭配play the guitar需注意冠词的使用 He can play the guitar very well.(他吉他弹得非常好。)/She wants to learn to play the classical guitar.(她想学弹古典吉他。)/I bought a new electric guitar yesterday.(我昨天买了一把新的电吉他。) band /b nd/ (n. 乐队,乐团) a rock band(摇滚乐队)、a pop band(流行乐队)、join a band(加入乐队)、start a band(组建乐队) 复数形式为bands;与group的区别:band多指演奏乐器的“乐队”,group可指各类团体,包括乐队、歌唱组合等 He is the singer of a famous rock band.(他是一支著名摇滚乐队的主唱。)/They plan to start a pop band together.(他们计划一起组建一支流行乐队。)/She joined a school band last term.(她上学期加入了学校乐队。) sound /sa nd/ (n. 声音;v. 听起来;发出声音) a loud sound(大声响)、the sound of music(音乐声)、sound good(听起来不错)、sound like(听起来像) 作名词时,泛指一切“声音”,可作可数或不可数名词;作动词时,是连系动词,后接形容词作表语,不接副词;过去式和过去分词为sounded、sounded I heard a strange sound in the forest.(我在森林里听到了一种奇怪的声音。)/Your idea sounds really good.(你的主意听起来真的很棒。)/The bell sounded at midnight.(钟声在午夜响起。) different / d fr nt/ (adj. 不同的,不一样的) be different from(与……不同)、different kinds of(不同种类的)、in different ways(以不同的方式)、a different answer(不同的答案) 反义词为same,same前通常加the;名词形式为difference,意为“差异;不同之处”,复数形式为differences;固定搭配be different from中的from不能用with替换 My school is different from yours.(我的学校和你的不一样。)/There are many different kinds of flowers in the garden.(花园里有许多不同种类的花。)/What's the difference between the two pictures?(这两张图片有什么不同?)(difference用法) suddenly / s d nli/ (adv. 突然,突如其来地) suddenly stop(突然停下)、suddenly realize(突然意识到)、all of a sudden(突然,等同于suddenly) 是sudden的副词形式,sudden为形容词,意为“突然的”;suddenly可置于句首、句中或句末,置于句首时常用逗号与主句隔开;all of a sudden是固定短语,与suddenly用法一致 Suddenly, it began to rain heavily.(突然,下起了大雨。)/He suddenly remembered his homework.(他突然想起了他的作业。)/All of a sudden, the lights went out.(突然,灯灭了。) hit /h t/ (v. 使(某人)突然意识到;打;撞击;n. 打击;热门事物) hit sb. on the head(打某人的头)、hit the ball(击球)、hit a wall(撞墙)、hit sb. that...(使某人突然意识到……)、a big hit(大热门;成功) 动词的过去式和过去分词为hit、hit,为不规则变化;“打某人身体某部位”的结构为hit sb. + 介词 + the + 部位;作名词时,可表示“受欢迎的人或事物” The ball hit him on the arm.(球打到了他的胳膊上。)/It suddenly hit me that I forgot her birthday.(我突然意识到我忘了她的生日。)/This song is a big hit this year.(这首歌是今年的热门歌曲。) rush /r / (v. 冲,奔;匆忙做;n. 匆忙;热潮) rush to school(匆忙去上学)、rush out(冲出去)、in a rush(匆忙地)、a gold rush(淘金热) 动词的过去式和过去分词为rushed、rushed;in a rush是固定短语,相当于in a hurry;作名词时,可表示“某事物的热潮” We rushed to the station to catch the train.(我们匆忙赶到车站去赶火车。)/He rushed out of the room when he heard the noise.(他听到响声就冲出了房间。)/She left in a rush and forgot her keys.(她匆忙离开,忘了带钥匙。) festival / fest vl/ (n. (电影、戏剧、音乐等的)节,节庆,汇演;节日) a music festival(音乐节)、a film festival(电影节)、the Spring Festival(春节)、hold a festival(举办节日/汇演) 复数形式为festivals;表示“传统节日”时,通常加the;表示“某类主题的汇演”时,如音乐节、电影节,可直接用a + 主题 + festival We are going to a music festival this weekend.(这个周末我们要去参加一个音乐节。)/The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.(春节是中国最重要的节日。)/They hold a film festival every year in this city.(这座城市每年都举办电影节。) decide /d sa d/ (v. 决定;下决心) decide to do sth.(决定做某事)、decide on sth.(选定某物)、make a decision(做决定,名词形式)、decide that...(决定……) 名词形式为decision,意为“决定;决心”,复数形式为decisions;“决定做某事”只能用decide to do sth.,不能用decide doing sth.;decide on后接名词或动名词,表“选定” She decided to study English hard.(她决定努力学习英语。)/We haven't decided on the date of the trip yet.(我们还没选定旅行的日期。)/He made a big decision to move to another city.(他做了一个重大的决定,搬到另一个城市去。)(decision用法) practice / pr kt s/ (v. 练习;n. 练习;实践) practice playing the piano(练习弹钢琴)、daily practice(日常练习)、put into practice(付诸实践)、practice makes perfect(熟能生巧) 英式拼写为practice(名词)/practise(动词),美式拼写均为practice;作动词时,后接动名词作宾语,不接动词不定式;不可数名词,表“一次练习”可用a practice You need to practice speaking English every day.(你需要每天练习说英语。)/This is a good chance to put your skills into practice.(这是一个把你的技能付诸实践的好机会。)/Practice makes perfect, so keep practicing.(熟能生巧,所以要坚持练习。) stage /ste d / (n. 舞台;阶段;时期) on the stage(在舞台上)、a music stage(音乐舞台)、at an early stage(在早期阶段)、the stage of life(人生阶段) 复数形式为stages;on the stage可表示“在舞台上表演”,也可指“当演员”;作“阶段”讲时,可用于at the stage of...(在……阶段) She sang a song on the stage yesterday.(她昨天在舞台上唱了一首歌。)/He wants to work on the stage when he grows up.(他长大后想当演员。)/We are at the first stage of the project.(我们处于这个项目的初期阶段。) nod /n d/ (v. 点头;点头示意;n. 点头) nod one's head(点头)、nod at sb.(向某人点头)、nod in agreement(点头同意)、give a nod(点头) 动词的过去式和过去分词为nodded、nodded(注意双写d);常用搭配nod one's head,也可直接用nod表示“点头”;作名词时,为可数名词 He nodded his head to show he understood.(他点头表示他明白了。)/She nodded at me when she saw me.(她看到我时向我点了点头。)/I gave him a nod and he left.(我向他点了点头,然后他就走了。) instrument / nstr m nt/ (n. 乐器;工具;仪器) a musical instrument(乐器)、a string instrument(弦乐器)、a medical instrument(医疗仪器)、use an instrument(使用工具) 复数形式为instruments;musical instrument是“乐器”的固定表达;作“工具;仪器”讲时,可指各类专业用具 She can play many musical instruments, like the guitar and piano.(她会演奏多种乐器,比如吉他和钢琴。)/Doctors use different medical instruments to examine patients.(医生使用不同的医疗仪器为病人做检查。)/This is an instrument for measuring temperature.(这是一个测温仪器。) everybody / evrib di/ (pron. 每个人,人人) everybody knows(每个人都知道)、everybody else(其他所有人)、everybody's book(每个人的书) 等同于everyone,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;不能与of连用,若要表示“……中的每个人”,需用every one of...;所有格形式为everybody's Everybody in the class likes music.(班里的每个人都喜欢音乐。)/Every one of the students has a book.(每个学生都有一本书。)(every one用法)/This is everybody's responsibility.(这是每个人的责任。) smile /sma l/ (n. 笑容;v. 微笑) a big smile(大大的笑容)、smile at sb.(向某人微笑)、smile happily(开心地微笑)、with a smile(带着微笑) 动词的过去式和过去分词为smiled、smiled;作名词时,为可数名词;smile at sb.是固定搭配,表“向某人微笑” She has a beautiful smile on her face.(她脸上带着美丽的笑容。)/He smiled at me when I passed by.(我经过时他向我笑了笑。)/She smiled and said hello to us.(她笑着跟我们打招呼。) enjoy / n d / (v. 喜欢;享受……的乐趣;欣赏) enjoy doing sth.(喜欢做某事)、enjoy oneself(玩得开心)、enjoy the music(欣赏音乐)、enjoy a meal(享用一餐) 后接动名词作宾语,不接动词不定式;enjoy oneself是固定短语,相当于have a good time;过去式和过去分词为enjoyed、enjoyed I enjoy listening to rock music in my free time.(我闲暇时喜欢听摇滚乐。)/They enjoyed themselves at the party.(他们在派对上玩得很开心。)/She enjoyed the concert very much.(她非常喜欢这场音乐会。) skate /ske t/ (v. 滑冰,溜冰;n. 冰鞋) skate on the ice(在冰上滑冰)、go skating(去滑冰)、a pair of skates(一双冰鞋)、ice skate(溜冰鞋) 动词的过去式和过去分词为skated、skated;go skating是固定短语,表“去滑冰”,类似的还有go swimming(去游泳);作名词时,通常用复数形式skates He can skate very well on the ice.(他冰滑得非常好。)/We plan to go skating this weekend.(我们计划这周末去滑冰。)/She bought a new pair of skates yesterday.(她昨天买了一双新冰鞋。) club /kl b/ (n. 俱乐部;社团;棍棒) a music club(音乐俱乐部)、a sports club(体育俱乐部)、join a club(加入俱乐部)、start a club(创办俱乐部) 复数形式为clubs;join a club是固定搭配,表“加入俱乐部”;作“棍棒”讲时,为可数名词 He is a member of the school music club.(他是学校音乐俱乐部的一员。)/She wants to join a volleyball club.(她想加入排球俱乐部。)/He hit the ball with a club.(他用球棒击球。) volleyball / v lib l/ (n. 排球(运动)) play volleyball(打排球)、a volleyball match(排球比赛)、a volleyball team(排球队)、play volleyball with sb.(和某人打排球) 球类运动名词前通常不加定冠词the;复数形式为volleyballs(表“排球”这个球);表示“排球运动”时,为不可数名词 We play volleyball every afternoon after school.(我们每天放学后都打排球。)/There will be a volleyball match between our school and theirs.(我们学校和他们学校之间将有一场排球比赛。)/She bought a new volleyball for the team.(她为球队买了一个新排球。) traditional /tr d nl/ (adj. 传统的;习俗的;惯例的) traditional food(传统食物)、traditional culture(传统文化)、traditional festival(传统节日)、traditional custom(传统习俗) 副词形式为traditionally;名词形式为tradition,意为“传统”,复数形式为traditions Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival in China.(中秋节是中国的传统节日。)/We should keep our traditional culture alive.(我们应该让我们的传统文化保持活力。)/Traditionally, people eat dumplings during the Spring Festival.(按照传统,人们在春节期间吃饺子。)(traditionally用法) paper-cutting / pe p k t / (n. 剪纸) Chinese paper-cutting(中国剪纸)、learn paper-cutting(学习剪纸)、a paper-cutting work(剪纸作品) 为不可数名词,表“一件剪纸作品”可用a piece of paper-cutting;是复合名词,由paper和cutting构成;是中国传统民间艺术之一 Paper-cutting is a famous traditional art in China.(剪纸是中国著名的传统艺术。)/She made a beautiful piece of paper-cutting for her teacher.(她给老师做了一件漂亮的剪纸作品。)/He is learning paper-cutting from a famous artist.(他正在向一位著名的艺术家学习剪纸。) hold /h ld/ (v. 握住,抓住;抱住;举办;容纳) hold sb.'s hand(握住某人的手)、hold a meeting(举办会议)、hold a cup(拿着杯子)、the room holds 50 people(这个房间能容纳50人) 动词的过去式和过去分词为held、held,为不规则变化;可表示“举办活动”,如hold a concert(举办音乐会);表示“容纳”时,主语通常为场所 She held her baby tightly in her arms.(她把宝宝紧紧抱在怀里。)/Our school will hold a music festival next month.(我们学校下个月将举办音乐节。)/This box can hold all my books.(这个盒子能装下我所有的书。) ground / ra nd/ (n. 地,地面;场地) on the ground(在地上)、play on the ground(在场地玩)、football ground(足球场)、fall to the ground(摔倒在地上) 复数形式为grounds(表“场地;理由”);on the ground是固定搭配,表“在地面上”;作“理由”讲时,常用复数形式,如on the grounds of...(以……为理由) He dropped his pen on the ground.(他把钢笔掉在了地上。)/Children are playing on the playground ground.(孩子们正在操场上玩。)/He left on the grounds of illness.(他以生病为由离开了。)(grounds用法) weak /wi k/ (adj. 虚弱的,不强壮的;薄弱的;差的) be weak in English(英语不好)、a weak body(虚弱的身体)、weak tea(淡茶)、weak point(弱点) 反义词为strong;副词形式为weakly;固定搭配be weak in sth.,表“在某方面薄弱” She has been weak since she was ill.(她生病后身体一直很虚弱。)/He is weak in math, so he needs to study harder.(他数学不好,所以需要更努力学习。)/This is his weak point.(这是他的弱点。) high /ha / (adj. 高的;高级的;adv. 高;在高处) a high mountain(高山)、high speed(高速)、jump high(跳得高)、fly high(飞得高) 形容词的比较级和最高级为higher、highest;与tall的区别:high多指物体“高度高”或抽象的“高”,如mountain、speed;tall多指人、树木等“身材高”;作副词时,可修饰动词 The mountain is very high.(这座山非常高。)/He is a tall boy.(他是一个高个子男孩。)/The bird flew high in the sky.(鸟儿在天空中飞得很高。) nature / ne t / (n. 大自然,自然界;本性;性质) in nature(在自然界中)、love nature(热爱大自然)、human nature(人性)、the nature of sth.(某物的性质) 不可数名词,前通常不加定冠词the(in nature除外);形容词形式为natural,意为“自然的;天生的” We should protect nature and wild animals.(我们应该保护大自然和野生动物。)/It's human nature to want to be happy.(想要快乐是人的本性。)/This is a natural result of his hard work.(这是他努力工作的自然结果。)(natural用法) adventure / d vent / (n. 历险;奇遇;冒险) an adventure story(冒险故事)、have an adventure(经历一次冒险)、a sense of adventure(冒险精神)、adventure travel(探险旅行) 复数形式为adventures;作“冒险精神”讲时,为不可数名词;动词形式为adventure,意为“冒险做”,但不常用,常用risk doing sth.代替 He wrote a book about his adventures in Africa.(他写了一本关于他在非洲历险的书。)/She has a strong sense of adventure.(她有很强的冒险精神。)/He risked his life to save the child.(他冒着生命危险救了那个孩子。)(risk用法) awake / we k/ (adj. 醒着的;v. 唤醒;醒来) be awake(醒着的)、stay awake(保持清醒)、awake sb.(唤醒某人)、wake up(醒来,等同于awake) 作形容词时,只能作表语,不能作定语,若要作定语用wakeful;动词的过去式和过去分词为awoke、awoken,为不规则变化;常用搭配be awake,stay awake He was awake all night because of the noise.(因为噪音,他一夜没睡。)/She tried to stay awake to watch the football match.(她努力保持清醒去看足球比赛。)/I was awoken by the alarm clock this morning.(我今天早上被闹钟吵醒了。) midnight / m dna t/ (n. 午夜;子夜) at midnight(在午夜)、until midnight(直到午夜)、midnight snack(夜宵)、work until midnight(工作到午夜) 为不可数名词,前通常不加冠词,具体时刻用at midnight;可与介词at、until、by等连用;midnight snack是固定短语,表“夜宵” We arrived at the station at midnight.(我们午夜到达了车站。)/He didn't go to bed until midnight last night.(他昨晚直到午夜才睡觉。)/She had a midnight snack before going to sleep.(她睡前吃了夜宵。) appear / p / (v. (尤指突然)出现,呈现;似乎) appear suddenly(突然出现)、appear from behind the door(从门后出现)、appear to be(似乎是)、it appears that...(似乎……) 反义词为disappear;作“似乎”讲时,后可接形容词、名词或动词不定式;过去式和过去分词为appeared、appeared A stranger appeared at the door just now.(刚才一个陌生人出现在门口。)/He appears to be very happy today.(他今天看起来很高兴。)/It appears that it will rain soon.(看起来很快就要下雨了。) heart /h t/ (n. 心(脏);内心;中心) in one's heart(在某人内心)、heart disease(心脏病)、lose heart(灰心)、the heart of the city(城市的中心) 复数形式为hearts;常用搭配lose heart表“灰心”,heart disease表“心脏病”;可表示“内心的情感” His heart beats fast when he is nervous.(他紧张时心跳得很快。)/Don't lose heart, you can try again.(别灰心,你可以再试一次。)/The park is in the heart of the city.(这个公园在市中心。) almost / lm st/ (adv. 几乎,差不多) almost all(几乎所有)、almost every day(几乎每天)、almost late(差点迟到)、almost + 数词(几乎……) 与nearly的区别:almost可用于any、no、none、never等词前,nearly则不能;almost置于被修饰词前;可表示“差一点” Almost all the students like music.(几乎所有的学生都喜欢音乐。)/She almost missed the bus.(她差点错过公交车。)/I have almost finished my homework.(我几乎完成了我的作业。) tap /t p/ (v. (用手指)轻拍,轻叩,轻敲;n. 轻拍;水龙头) tap sb. on the shoulder(轻拍某人的肩膀)、tap the table(轻敲桌子)、a tap on the window(窗户上的轻拍声)、turn on the tap(打开水龙头) 动词的过去式和过去分词为tapped、tapped;“轻拍某人身体某部位”的结构为tap sb. + 介词 + the + 部位;作“水龙头”讲时,为可数名词 She tapped me on the shoulder to get my attention.(她轻拍我的肩膀引起我的注意。)/He tapped the table with his fingers.(他用手指轻敲桌子。)/Please turn off the tap when you finish washing your hands.(洗完手请关掉水龙头。) shake / e k/ (v. 摇动;摇晃;颤抖;n. 摇动;抖动) shake hands(握手)、shake one's head(摇头)、shake with cold(冷得发抖)、a shake of the head(摇头) 动词的过去式和过去分词为shook、shaken,为不规则变化;shake hands是固定短语,表“握手”,注意用复数hands;作名词时,为可数名词 We shook hands and introduced ourselves.(我们握手并做了自我介绍。)/He shook his head to show he disagreed.(他摇头表示不同意。)/Her hands shook with cold.(她的手冻得发抖。) classmate / kl sme t/ (n. 同班同学) a new classmate(新同学)、my classmate(我的同班同学)、play with classmates(和同班同学一起玩)、help a classmate(帮助同班同学) 复数形式为classmates;是复合名词,由class和mate构成;区分classmate(同班同学)和schoolmate(校友) I made a new classmate in English class today.(我今天在英语课上认识了一位新同学。)/My classmates and I are going to the park this weekend.(我和我的同班同学这周末要去公园。)/He is my schoolmate from primary school.(他是我的小学同学/校友。)(schoolmate用法) lonely / l nli/ (adj. 孤单的,寂寞的;偏僻的) feel lonely(感到孤单)、a lonely village(偏僻的村庄)、lonely life(孤单的生活)、be lonely at home(在家感到寂寞) 与alone的区别:lonely是形容词,表“情感上的孤单、寂寞”或“地点偏僻”;alone可作形容词或副词,表“独自的/地,单独的/地”;比较级和最高级为lonelier、loneliest She feels lonely when her parents are away.(父母不在时她感到孤单。)/He lives in a lonely village in the mountains.(他住在山里一个偏僻的村庄里。)/She likes to be alone sometimes.(她有时喜欢独处。)(alone用法) magic / m d k/ (adj. 有魔力的,神奇的;n. 魔法;魔术) magic show(魔术表演)、magic power(魔力)、magic trick(魔术把戏)、do magic(变魔术) 形容词形式也可写作magical,magical更侧重“神奇的,迷人的”;作名词时,为不可数名词 This is a magic book with many interesting stories.(这是一本有很多有趣故事的魔法书。)/He performed a magic show at the party.(他在派对上表演了魔术。)/The sunset over the sea is really magical.(海上的日落真的很迷人。)(magical用法) joy /d / (n. 欢欣,愉快,喜悦;乐事) full of joy(充满喜悦)、a joy to do sth.(做某事很愉快)、the joy of life(生活的乐趣)、bring joy to sb.(给某人带来快乐) 为不可数名词,表“一件乐事”时可用a joy;形容词形式为joyful,意为“快乐的;令人高兴的” Tears of joy ran down her face when she won the prize.(获奖时,喜悦的泪水从她脸上流了下来。)/It's a joy to be with you.(和你在一起很愉快。)/The children brought joy to the old man's life.(孩子们给这位老人的生活带来了快乐。) notebook / n tb k/ (n. 笔记本) a school notebook(学校笔记本)、a notebook computer(笔记本电脑)、write in a notebook(在笔记本上写)、buy a notebook(买笔记本) 复数形式为notebooks;是复合名词,由note和book构成;notebook computer可缩写为laptop She takes notes in her notebook during class.(她上课的时候在笔记本上做笔记。)/I bought a new notebook for my study.(我为学习买了一个新笔记本。)/He has a notebook computer for work.(他有一台办公用的笔记本电脑。) shelf / elf/ (n. 搁板,架子) a book shelf(书架)、on the shelf(在架子上)、put sth. on the shelf(把某物放在架子上)、a shelf of books(一架子书) 复数形式为shelves,为不规则变化;on the shelf是固定搭配,表“在架子上”;可用于a shelf of...,表“一架子的……” There are many books on the shelf.(架子上有很多书。)/She put the vase on the shelf.(她把花瓶放在了架子上。)/He has a shelf of toy cars in his room.(他房间里有一架子的玩具车。) leave /li v/ (v. 离开;留下;遗忘) leave home(离开家)、leave for Beijing(前往北京)、leave sth. at home(把某物忘在家里)、leave a message(留言) 动词的过去式和过去分词为left、left,为不规则变化;leave for + 地点,表“前往某地”;“把某物忘在某地”用leave sth. + 地点,不用forget We will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.(我们明天要前往上海。)/She left her keys at home this morning.(她今天早上把钥匙忘在家里了。)/Please leave a message if I am not in.(如果我不在,请留言。) page /pe d / (n. (书、报纸、文件等的)页,面;v. 翻页) turn to page 10(翻到第10页)、on page 5(在第5页)、a blank page(空白页)、page through a book(翻书) 复数形式为pages;表示“第几页”用page + 数字,或the + 数字 + page;作动词时,表“翻页”,常用page through Please turn to page 20 in your textbook.(请把课本翻到第20页。)/There is a picture on page 8.(第8页有一张图片。)/He paged through the magazine quickly.(他快速地翻着杂志。) ending / end / (n. (故事、电影、活动等的)结局,结尾) a happy ending(幸福的结局)、a sad ending(悲伤的结局)、the ending of the story(故事的结尾)、surprise ending(意外的结局) 复数形式为endings;是end的名词形式,end还可作动词,意为“结束” The movie has a happy ending.(这部电影有一个圆满的结局。)/I don't like the ending of this story.(我不喜欢这个故事的结局。)/The party ended at midnight.(派对在午夜结束了。)(end动词用法) ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $