Unit6动词不定式作宾语语法详解+专项练习-2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语讲义围绕Unit6动词不定式作宾语，通过表格系统梳理核心动词（want, plan等）的搭配结构与例句，构建“概念界定-用法拆解-考点分析”的知识体系，清晰呈现基本结构、否定形式等重难点及内在逻辑联系。 练习设计分层递进，基础题（如用不定式填空）夯实基础，提升题（句型转换、选择填空）强化应用，助力不同层次学生提升语言能力与学习能力。参考答案与易错点提示支持学生自主复习，教师可依此实施精准教学，高效突破语法难点。

Unit6语法详解+专项练习 动词不定式作宾语（Infinitives as objects） 1. 概念界定 动词不定式的基本形式为to + 动词原形（否定式为not to + 动词原形），本单元中不定式作及物动词的宾语，表示动作的内容或目的，核心动词为want, plan, decide, hope等。 2. 常见接不定式作宾语的动词 动词 搭配结构 例句 want want to do sth. I want to be an IT engineer.（我想成为一名IT工程师。） plan plan to do sth. How do you plan to do that?（你计划怎么做？） decide decide to do sth. She decides to learn painting.（她决定学画画。） hope hope to do sth. I hope to visit Beijing next year.（我希望明年去北京。） try try to do sth. He tries to finish the work on time.（他努力按时完成工作。） learn learn to do sth. I’m going to learn about AI too.（我也打算学习人工智能。） 3. 核心用法拆解 （1）基本结构 及物动词 + to + 动词原形 + 其他，不定式作宾语时，表达动作的具体内容。 示例：She wants to be a doctor.（她想成为一名医生。） （2）否定形式 在to前加not，即“及物动词 + not to do sth.”。 示例：I decide not to go out tonight.（我决定今晚不出去。） （3）特殊情况：省略to的不定式（本单元暂未涉及，铺垫考点） 部分使役动词（make, let）和感官动词（see, hear）后接不定式作宾语补足语时，需省略to，但本单元聚焦“作宾语”，暂不涉及此用法。 4. 核心考点拆解 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词记忆 需熟记本单元核心动词（want, plan, learn等）的固定搭配，避免接动名词的错误，如： · 正确：I want to go. · 错误：I want going. （2）不定式的否定位置 否定词not必须放在to之前，而非动词原形前，如： · 正确：She hopes not to fail the exam. · 错误：She hopes to not fail the exam. 专项练习题 （1）基础题：用所给动词的不定式形式填空 1. I want ________ (be) a teacher in the future. 2. She plans ________ (take) acting classes next term. 3. We hope ________ (visit) the Great Wall next year. 4. He decides ________ (learn) English well. 5. They try ________ (finish) the work before 5 o’clock. 6. Do you want ________ (go) to the cinema with me tonight? 7. I learn ________ (play) the piano every Sunday. 8. She hopes ________ (not fail) the math exam. 9. He plans ________ (not go) out this evening. 10. What do you want ________ (do) this weekend? （2）基础题：匹配动词与不定式短语 A栏（动词） 1. want 2. plan 3. hope 4. decide 5. try 6. learn 7. like 8. wish B栏（不定式短语） A. to finish the work on time B. to be a doctor C. to learn Japanese D. to go to the park this Sunday E. to visit your grandparents F. to take a trip to London G. to play the guitar H. to pass the English test （3）提升题：选择最佳选项补全句子 1. I want ________ a IT engineer. A. to be B. being C. be 2. She plans ________ acting classes because she likes acting. A. take B. to take C. taking 3. We hope ________ the match tomorrow. A. win B. to win C. winning 4. He decides ________ out tonight because he has too much homework. A. not to go B. to not go C. not go 5. They try ________ hard at all subjects. A. to work B. working C. work 6. Do you want ________ with me to the supermarket? A. go B. to go C. going 7. She learns ________ the piano every day. A. play B. to play C. playing 8. I hope ________ late for school again. A. not to be B. to not be C. not be 9. What do you plan ________ this summer holiday? A. do B. to do C. doing 10. He wishes ________ a new bike for his birthday. A. to get B. getting C. get （4）提升题：句型转换 1. I want to be a singer.（对划线部分提问 ） _________________________________________________________________ 2. She plans to take acting classes next term.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________________________ 3. We hope to visit Beijing next year.（改为一般疑问句） _________________________________________________________________ 4. He decides to learn English well.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 5. They try to finish the work before 5 o’clock.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 6. I want to go to the cinema with you.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 （1）基础题：用不定式形式填空 1.to be 2. to take 3. to visit 4. to learn 5. to finish 6. to go 7. to play 8. not to fail 9. not to go 10. to do （2）基础题：匹配题 1-B 2-D 3-H 4-F 5-A 6-C 7-G 8-E（答案不唯一，逻辑合理即可） （3）提升题：选择最佳选项 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A （4）提升题：句型转换 1. What do you want to be? 2. She plans not to take acting classes next term. 3. Do you hope to visit Beijing next year? 4. What does he decide to do? 5. When do they try to finish the work? 6. I don’t want to go to the cinema with you. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $