Unit 5 动词不定式作目的状语2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语讲义通过层级化知识框架系统梳理动词不定式作目的状语的核心内容，涵盖基本结构、强调结构（in order to/so as to的位置差异）、否定形式三大模块，结合例句解析动作目的逻辑，用对比说明区分目的状语与宾语、结果状语的方法，清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 亮点在于聚焦高频易错点设计分层练习，如通过“He wants to buy a book（宾语）”与“He goes to bookstore to buy a book（目的状语）”对比真题例，引导学生分析语法功能差异，培养语言理解与思维辨析能力。题型含填空、单选、改错，适配不同层次学生，参考答案附方法点拨，助力教师精准突破教学难点。

Unit 5 动词不定式作目的状语 一、核心用法 动词不定式作目的状语时，用来表示主句动作的目的，相当于汉语里的“为了……”。 1. 基本结构 主句 + to do（目的状语） ◦ 例句：She gets up early to catch the first bus. （她早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。） （gets up early的目的是catch the first bus） 2. 强调结构 为了突出目的，可使用 in order to do 或 so as to do，三者可以互换（注意位置差异） ◦ in order to do：可放在句首或句末 例句：In order to improve her English, she reads English every morning. ◦ so as to do：只能放在句末 例句：He studies hard so as to pass the exam. 3. 否定形式 否定式直接在 to 前加 not，即 in order not to do / so as not to do 例句：They talked quietly in order not to wake the baby. （他们小声说话，以免吵醒宝宝。） 二、学生高频易错点 1. 混淆目的状语与不定式作宾语 ◦ 错因：有些动词后接 to do 是作宾语（如 want, hope, decide），不是目的状语。 ◦ 区分方法：目的状语是修饰整个句子，说明动作的目的；宾语是动词的承受对象。 ◦ 🌰 正确：He wants to buy a book.（to do 作 want 的宾语） ◦ 🌰 正确：He goes to the bookstore to buy a book.（to do 作目的状语） 2. so as to do 放句首 ◦ 错因：把 so as to do 放在句首，这是语法错误。 ◦ 例句： ❌ So as to save time, we took a taxi. ✅ In order to save time, we took a taxi. 3. 目的状语与结果状语混淆 ◦ 错因：把 to do（目的）和 so...that...（结果）弄混。 ◦ 区分：to do 表“想要达成的目的”；so...that... 表“已经造成的结果”。 ◦ 🌰 目的：He ran fast to catch the train.（为了赶火车，他跑得很快。） ◦ 🌰 结果：He ran so fast that he fell down.（他跑得太快，结果摔倒了。） 4. 忽略表目的的逻辑，误看成宾语补足语 ◦ 错因：把目的状语的to do误当成是宾语的补足语。 ◦ 真题例：Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ______ sure we don’t break anything. A make.  B made. C  to make. D making ❌ 误选A或者D（watch sb do/watch sb doing，当作宾语补足语） ✅ 正确选C（to make，表“看着我们”的目的是“确保不打碎东西”） ◦ 区分：宾语补足语是强调宾语，补充说明，目的状语更强调主句动作的目的。 5. 被情态动词干扰，忘记不定式的目的功能 ◦ 错因：看到can/may/must等情态动词，就直接接动词原形，忽略从句省略动词后后续动作的目的属性。 ◦ 真题例：  —Betty, I’m not good at English. Could you help me, please?  —Sure. I’ll do what I can ______ you improve your English. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helps ❌ 误选B（help，误以为是can的宾语） ✅ 正确选A（to help，what I can后省略do，to help是“做能做的事”的目的） ◦ 关键：先判断情态动词+从句是否省略动词，再看后续动作是否表目的。 6. 混淆固定搭配与不定式表目的 真题例： —What should we pay attention to ______ few mistakes during the exams? —Some details. A. making B. make C. to make D. to making ❌ 误选A（误以为是固定搭配 pay attention to doing sth） ✅ 正确选C（整句表目的的逻辑是“关注细节是为了少犯错”） 真题例：Which do you enjoy ______ the weekends, fishing or going hiking? ❌ 误填spending (以为是enjoy doing sth ，表“喜欢做某事”) ✅ 正确填 to spend (表示钓鱼或者远足的目的是 spend the weekends） 三、实战练习题 （一）用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. We should exercise more ________ (keep) healthy. 2. ________ (finish) the work on time, they worked day and night. 3. She closed the window ________ (not let) the rain come in. 4. My brother learns English hard ________ (study) abroad in the future. 5. What should we pay attention to ________ (avoid) making mistakes in the test? 6. He enjoys ________ (play) basketball ________ (relax) himself after school. 7. I’ll try my best ________ (help) you ________ (solve) the problem. （二）单项选择 8. Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ______ sure we don’t break anything. A. make B. made C. to make D. making 9. I’ll do what I can ______ you improve your English. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helps 10. He got up very early ________ he could get to the station on time. A. to B. in order to C. so that D. so as to 11. ________ improve his speaking skills, Tom joins an English club. A. So as to B. In order to C. So that D. In order that 12. We should pay attention to ________ the teacher carefully in class ________ get good grades. A. listen to; to B. listening to; to C. listen to; in order D. listening to; so as （三）改正下列句子的错误 13. So as to get good grades, I study hard every day. 14. She bought a pen for writing to a letter. 15. He ran fast so that catch the last bus. 四、参考答案 （一）填空 1. to keep 2. In order to finish 3. in order not to let / so as not to let 4. to study 5.to  avoid 6. playing（enjoy后接动名词）；to relax（不定式作目的状语） 7. to help（try one’s best to do固定搭配）；(to) solve（help sb (to) do固定搭配） （二）单选 8. C（不定式作目的状语） 9. A（情态动词后省略动词，不定式表目的） 10. C（so that后接从句表目的） 11. B（句首表目的用in order to） 12. B（第一空pay attention to后接动名词；第二空不定式表目的） （三）改错 13. In order to get good grades, I study hard every day.（so as to不能放句首） 14. She bought a pen for writing a letter. / She bought a pen to write a letter.（write a letter是固定搭配；或用不定式表目的更简洁） 15. He ran fast so that he could catch the last bus. / He ran fast to catch the last bus.（so that后接从句；或用不定式直接表目的） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $