UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately，it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the everincreasing populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)． In 1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act)，an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act，all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J．N.“Ding” Darling，a political cartoonist from Des Moines，Lowa，who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources. About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934，better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated. [语篇解读]　本文介绍了美国政府创造性地将邮票和狩猎凭证联系在一起以保护水禽及其栖息地。 1．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America? A．Loss of wetlands. B．Popularity of water sports. C．Pollution of rivers. D．Arrival of other wild animals. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the everincreasing populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)．”可知，湿地丧失是水禽数量减少的原因之一，故A项正确。 2．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph? A．Acquire.　　　　　　 B．Export. C．Destroy. D．Distribute. 解析　C　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句与上文形成转折，上文讲到了探险者抵达北美洲时，这片大陆上充满了各种各样的野生物种，整个大陆生机勃勃。美洲土著居民明智地照顾着这些宝贵的自然资源，因此画线词所在句应讲述这些资源受到的破坏——探险者及随之而来的殖民者只用了几十年就将大部分资源破坏，故画线词与C项的意义最接近。 3．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934? A．The stamp price has gone down. B．The migratory birds have flown away. C．The hunters have stopped hunting. D．The government has collected money. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund...Since 1934，better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund”可知，《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》带来的一个直接结果是政府筹到了钱，故D项正确。 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story B．The National Wildlife Refuge System C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting 解析　A　标题归纳题。阅读文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》出台的背景、联邦鸭邮票的设计、用途及其作用和影响，故A项正确。 B (2024·浙江卷1月)On September 7,1991，the costliest hailstorm(雹暴)in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs.As a result，since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east­central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture(水分)is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand，who farms in that area，has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically，the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary­Edmonton urban area from hail，”Mr.Stienwand says，“but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss，a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo，North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air，so we cannot be causing drought，”Dr.Krauss says.“In fact，we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell，a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999，I personally saw significant tornadoes(龙卷风)form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，”Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind？No one really knows，of course，but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt，Mr.Stienwand suggests，“it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.”In practice，doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts，no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies.Hence，private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了加拿大艾伯塔地区的防雹干预计划，以及不同相关方对该计划的不同态度。 5．What does the project aim to do? A．Conserve moisture in the soil. B．Prevent the formation of hailstones. C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D．Investigate chemical use in farming. 解析　B　细节理解题。题干中的“the project”指的就是第一段中所提到的“Alberta Hail Suppression Project”，因此根据第一段中的“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可知，飞机通过向有威胁性的风暴体播撒一种化学物质，使得小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前先变成雨落下。由此可知，这一计划旨在防止冰雹的形成，A项“保存土壤水分”；C项“预报灾难性雹暴”；D项“调查农业中化学品的使用”。故选B。 6．Who are opposed to the project? A．Farmers in east­central Alberta. B．Managers of insurance companies. C．Provincial government officials. D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But farmers in east­central Alberta...worry that precious moisture(水分)is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，Alberta 中东部的农民担心人工降雨会带走他们干旱土地中的宝贵水分。由此可知，这些农民是反对这个计划的，故选A。 7．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D．To show the link between storms and moisture. 解析　C　写作目的题。根据第四段中的“One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell”可知，Doswell博士对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度。接着他提到1999年亲眼目睹的一个已经被播撒了化学物质的风暴单体形成的重大龙卷风。随后他又提出疑问“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind？”，怀疑人工降雨会产生致命的风暴或是减少下风处的水分。由此可推断出，Doswell博士提到他看到的1999 年的龙卷风是为了表明人工降雨存在可能的风险，A项“为了比较不同的播撒方式”；B项“为了说明大雹暴的形成”；C项“为了表明人工降雨可能存在的风险”；D项“为了说明风暴和水分之间的关系”。故选C。 8．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D．Cloud­seeding companies will continue to exist. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Hence，private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.”可知，私营的气候工程公司可以在相对合法的安全环境中继续进行下去，也就是这些公司会继续存在下去，A项“科学研究证明了 Stienwand 是对的”；B项“私营的气候工程公司在加拿大是非法的”；C项“关于人工降雨的疑虑已经消失了”；D项“人工降雨公司会继续存在下去”。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 The night the Titanic sank From a high place on the ship, Fred Fleet, who worked on the Titanic, saw the iceberg just a few hundred metres away. He rang the bell to warn the people to stop the ship. 1 Soon after that, one passenger, Major Peuchen, noticed that the ship wasn't straight in the water. But nobody listened to him. 2 Another ship, the Californian, was about 30 kilometres north of the Titanic. When the Californian saw the iceberg, it stopped. It also sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area. At about 11：15 pm, the Californian's radio operator turned off the radio, and went to bed. The Titanic sent a message back, giving its position—wrongly! 3 Soon after midnight, the crew of the Californian saw rockets going up into the sky from the Titanic. Their captain said, “Fireworks! 4 ” The radio wasn't turned on again, and the Californian didn't move. At 12：25 a．m. on the Titanic, people began to get into the lifeboats. At 2：20 a．m. on April 15th the Titanic finally sank. Another ship, the Carpathia, heard the Titanic's last call for help. 5 At 4：10 a．m., the Carpathia saw the Titanic's lifeboats floating on the dark water, and rescued the survivors. Later, the Californian turned the radio back on, and heard that the Titanic had sunk. A．The accident happened at about 11：40 p．m. B．Every one was very proud of the Titanic. C．The passengers of the Titanic are having a party. D．It was 58 miles away, but it raced to help the ship. E．But it was travelling too fast to stop, and it hit the iceberg. F．Before the accident, the Titanic had received an ice warning. G．A lot of people stayed on the ship instead of trying to escape. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了“泰坦尼克”号沉没之夜发生的事。 1．解析　E　由上文的“saw the iceberg just a few hundred metres away”和下文的“the ship wasn't straight in the water”可知，冰山近在咫尺，虽已被发现，但“泰坦尼克”号还是因速度过快撞上了冰山。故选E。 2．解析　F　由下文的“It also sent a radio message to warn other ships in the area.”可知，“泰坦尼克”号在撞击冰山前收到过警告。故选F。 3．解析　A　由文中出现的时间节点可知，“泰坦尼克”号于当晚约11点40分撞上了冰山。故选A。 4．解析　C　由下文的“the Californian didn't move”可知，“加利福尼亚”号没有去营救，因为该船船长看到“泰坦尼克”号上燃放的烟火，以为他们正在举办派对。故选C。 5．解析　D　D项中的“it raced to help the ship”与下文的“the Carpathia saw the Titanic's lifeboats...and rescued the survivors”相呼应。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $