UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 1．The War of the Worlds by H．G. Wells Published in 1897, this science fiction has inspired countless novels since then and still continues to fascinate its readers. The unnamed hero is one of the first witnesses of a strange looking meteorite (陨石) in England. Not long after, it is apparent that the meteorite is Martian and an invasion is around the corner. What is it like for man, the dominator of earth, to be dominated by a race of aliens? 2．The Dune Saga (沙丘) by Frank Herbert Published from 1965­1985, the Dune Saga contains 6 novels and is widely considered the greatest epic of science fiction. Instead of sticking to a single character, these novels begin with Paul Atreides, first a son of a noble family and then the emperor of the known universe. The novels follow Paul's descendants (后裔), ending by revealing the fate of his planet, Arrakis, and the fate of his generations. 3．The Space Trilogy by C．s. Lewis This series contains three books that were published from 1938­1945.Lewis explores the nature of humanity by taking the main character, Dr. Elwin Ransom, outside of Earth and to the planets of Mars and Venus. On these planets, the local residents are not corrupted (腐败), but corruption from Earth threatens them. When Ransom returns to Earth in the final book, corruption even greater than when he left awaits him there. 4．Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury The future society in the priceless 1953 novel is made worse by technology. Ray Bradbury discusses the importance of books by using such a society that burns them. The main character, Guy Montag, is a fireman, someone who burns books and the houses that contain them. The culture obsesses (着迷) with the society of television but doesn't realize the value—and the freedom—that comes with literature. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本关于世界或者宇宙的书籍。文章有一定科幻性，有难度。 1．Where is Dr. Elwin Ransom originally from? A．Earth.　　　　　 B．Venus. C．Mars. D．Arrakis. 解析　A　推理判断题。由第三个书可知，主人公Dr. Elwin到地球之外的火星和金星探索人类的本质。在其他行星中当地居民没有腐败，但来自地球的腐败威胁着他们，当在最后一本书中回到地球时，比他离开时更严重的腐败在那里等待着他，可以推断出Elwin博士来自于地球。 2．Which book explores the potential for technology to make humans less free? A．The War of the Worlds. B．The Dune Saga. C．The Space Trilogy. D．Fahrenheit 451. 解析　D　细节理解题。由第四本书可知，这部无价小说中的未来社会因技术而变得更糟，Ray Bradbury利用这样一个烧掉书籍的社会来讨论书籍的重要性，主角Guy Montag是一名消防员，他焚烧书籍和存放书籍的房屋，文化沉迷于电视社会，但没有意识到文学带来的价值和自由，故选D，其他三本书并无提及technology。 3．What do the four books have in common? A．They show an imaginary world. B．They each have two main characters. C．They explore the nature of humanity. D．They were published in the 20 th century. 解析　A　总结概括题。由全文可知，这四本书都介绍了关于世界或宇宙的一个想象中的世界，故选A，B项没有分清作者和主人公的区别，C项只有第三本书提及到了人类的本质，D项错在第一本书出现在19世纪。 B Shrinking Storm on Jupiter(木星) It's snowing, but the clouds are red. The wind howls at 400 miles an hour, faster than a hurricane. And it's colder than the North Pole. Named the Great Red Spot, this storm is on Jupiter, the largest planet that goes around the Sun. The storm is shrinking. No one knows why—or what it will do next. Astronomers discovered the Great Red Spot by looking at Jupiter through telescopes. The spot, once estimated to be 25,500 miles across, was just 10,250 miles wide when the Hubble Space Telescope last observed it. “It's at the smallest size that we've ever seen.” says Dr. Amy Simon, an astronomer who studies the storm. It's also changing shape, looking more like a circle than is usual oval. Jupiter differs greatly from Earth. It's made mostly of hydrogen and helium (氦). But most of hydrogen and helium on Jupiter is not in the form of gas. Instead, Jupiter's great gravity squeezes the hydrogen and helium, turning most of these elements into a liquid. Only the outer part of Jupiter is gas. And that's' where the Great Red Spot is. No one knows why the Great Red Spot is red. Like Jupiter's air, the spot is made mostly of hydrogen and helium gases. But they have no color. So something else must color the spot red. Mysteries abound about the spot, such as what powers it and why it is so red. Now another one arises. The Great Red Spot has lasted longer than any storm on Earth. On Earth, hurricanes weaken when they move from sea to land, and when they move north or south. Neither of these things happens on Jupiter. Yet the storm is shrinking, “Could it disappear？” asks Dr. Simon. “Would I bet money on it one way or the other? Probably not.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。木星上的大红斑正变得越来越小，也越来越圆。 4．What do we learn about the Great Red Spot? A．It is getting smaller and rounder. B．It is getting colder and faster. C．It is getting higher and more oval. D．It is getting redder and lighter. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据文章标题Shrinking Storm on Jupiter以及第二小节最后一句话“It's also changing shape, looking more like a circle than its usual oval”可知，the Great Red Spot(大红斑)正变得越来越小，也越来越圆。oval: n. 椭圆 adj. 椭圆的。 5．What can we learn about Jupiter from this article? A．It is bigger than the Sun. B．It has slight gravity. C．It contains liquid and gas. D．It usually looks red. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三小节第三、四句话“But most of the hydrogen and helium on Jupiter is not in the form of gas. Instead, Jupiter's great gravity squeezes the hydrogen and helium, turning most of these elements into a liquid”可知，木星上大部分的氢和氦不是以气体的形式存在，木星的巨大引力挤压了氢和氦，将这些元素中的大多数变成了液体；以及根据第五句话“Only the outer part of Jupiter is gas”可知，木星只有外层部分才是气体。 6．What does the underlined word “abound” mean in the last paragraph? A．Get solved finally. B．Go missing abruptly. C．Exist numerously. D．Decrease gradually. 解析　C　词义猜测题。最后一小节第一句话“Mysteries abound about the spot, such as what powers it and why it is so red. Now another one arises”意为：关于这个地方有很多谜团，比如它的动力是什么，为什么它这么红。现在又出现了一个。abound：v. to exist in great numbers or quantities 大量存在；例：Stories about his travels abound. 有关他游历的故事多得很。 7．What is Dr. Simon's attitude towards the disappearance of the Great Red Spot? A．Hopeful. B．Confident. C．Worried. D．Doubtful. 解析　D　情感态度题。根据最后一句话“Could it disappear？” asks Dr. Simon. “Would I bet money on it one way or the other? Probably not.” 可知，Dr. Simon对大红斑消失并不确定。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Are we alone in the universe? Scientists have spent years 1. (search) deep into space for signs of life beyond our planet. Now they've discovered what might be life on Venus. Venus is the second planet from the sun in our solar system. It's one of 2. brightest objects in the night sky. Several billion years ago, the surfaces of Venus and Earth may have been 3. (similar)than now. But today, the surface of Venus is too hot for life. And until recently, Venus's thick clouds were thought to be too poisonous for a living thing 4. (survive) there. 5． September 14, in the journal Nature Astronomy, scientists reported the discovery of a chemical 6. (call) phosphine(磷化氢) in the clouds of Venus. On Earth, the phosphine gas 7. (give) off by living things. Scientists aren't yet able to prove that life on Venus is 8. is producing the phosphine. But they can't explain the source of the gas in any other way. The discovery of life beyond Earth would teach us more about the universe 9. our place in it. To Sousa­Silva, an astrochemist of Harvard University, it would say something about our 10. (important). “I like finding out that we as humans aren't that special，” she says. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们一直在太空深处寻找地球以外的生命迹象。 1．解析　searching　考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，科学家们一直在太空深处寻找地球以外的生命迹象。spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”。故填searching。 2．解析　the　考查冠词。句意：它是夜空中最明亮的物体之一。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。故填定冠词the。 3．解析　more similar　考查形容词比较级。句意：几十亿年前，金星和地球的表面可能比现在更相似。由than可知此处应用形容词比较级，故填more similar。 4．解析　to survive　考查非谓语动词。句意：直到最近，人们还认为金星厚厚的云层有剧毒，生物无法在那里生存。too...to...“太……而不能……”。故填to survive。 5．解析　On　考查介词。句意：9月14日，在《自然天文学》杂志上，科学家们报告说，在金星的云层中发现了一种名为磷化氢的化学物质。指在具体的某一天，用介词on。设空处位于句首，故填On。 6．解析　called　考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。名词chemical与call之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填called。 7．解析　is given　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在地球上，生物释放出磷化氢气体。这里陈述的是客观规律，用一般现在时。主语the phosphine gas与give off之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，且主语为the phosphine gas，故填is given。 8．解析　what　考查名词性从句。句意：科学家们还不能证明金星上的生命是产生磷化氢的东西。设空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“产生磷化氢的东西”，所以用连接词what。 9．解析　and　考查连词。句意：地球之外生命的发现会使我们了解更多关于宇宙和我们在宇宙中的位置的信息。the universe与our place in it之间为并列关系，所以用连词and。 10．解析　importance　考查名词。句意：对哈佛大学天体化学家Sousa­Silva来说，它说明了我们的重要性。形容词性物主代词our后接名词形式。故填importance。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $