开学收心卷02八年级英语下学期新教材外研版

八年级英语下学期开学收心卷02 （考试时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或者钢笔将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．测试范围：上学期学习内容+新课预习部分（新教材外研版）。 5. 难度系数：0.65。 6．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、单项选择（10分） 1. —Come and see! The baby is crying. —Please do something to make him ________. A．crying B．stop to cry C．stop crying D．cry 【答案】C 【解析】句意:--快来看!婴儿在哭。--请做点什么让他停止哭泣。 考查使役动词用法和非谓语动词。"make sb. do sth.”是固定用法，意为“让某人做某事”，需用动词原形，故排除A;根据“The baby is crying.”可知，此处应表示请做点什么让他停止哭泣，“stop to do sth.”表示“停下来去做另一件事”，"stop doing sth.”表示“停止正在做的事”。故选C。 2 . —Look! Someone ________ the classroom. It’s so clean! —Really? Let’s find out who it was. A．cleans B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．had cleaned 【答案】C 【解析】句意:--看!有人已经打扫了教室。它太干净了!--真的吗?让我们找出是谁做的。考查时态辨析。根据"it's so clean!”可知，打扫动作发生在过去但对现在有直接影响，强调结果，应使用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构为“have/has+done”，主语“Someone”为第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故选C 3 . My cousin has decided ________ a volunteer at the Nanjing Museum next summer. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我的表弟决定明年夏天在南京博物馆做一名志愿者。 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth."决定做某事"，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to be。故选B. 4 . My cousin ________ the traffic rules by crossing the road carelessly while he ________ to the bus stop yesterday. A．broke; was running B．followed; was running C．was breaking; ran D．was following; ran 【答案】A 【解析】句意:昨天，我表兄跑向公交车站时不小心横穿马路，违反了交通规则。考查动词辨析和时态。broke违反;followed遵守;was running正在跑;was breaking正在违反;ran跑;was following正在遵守;ran跑，根据"yesterday"和"by crossing the road carelessly"可知，昨天不小心过马路，表示"违反"交通规则，且为一般过去时，第一空用"broke";第二空，"while"引导的时间状语从句，强调动作同时发生，主句用一般过去时"broke"，从句用过去进行时"was running"表示背景动作"正在跑去"。故选A。 5 .—Are you going to Sam’s birthday party the day after tomorrow? —I’m not sure. I will go with you if I ________. A．invite B．will be invited C．am invited D．invited 【答案】C 【解析】句意:--你后天要去参加Sam的生日派对吗?--我不确定。如果我被邀请的话，我会和你一起去。考查if引导的条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则和动词的被动语态。invite邀请，一般现在时的主动语态;will be invited将被邀请,一般将来时的被动语态;am invited被邀请，一般现在时的被动语态;invited邀请，一般过去时的主动语态。在if引|导的条件状语从句中，当主句为一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表示将来。根据"|will go with you”可知，从句需用一般现在时，且此处“被邀请”需用被动语态。因此从句需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 6 . —Have you _______ visited the old house by the river? —No, _______. A．ever; ever B．ever; never C．never; ever 【答案】B 【解析】句意:你参观过河边的老房子吗?不，从来没有。 考查副词辨析。ever曾经;never从不。根据 "Have you...isited the old house by the river?"可知，此处是询问曾经参观过老房子吗?ever"曾经"，符合语境;根据"No..."可知，此处指的是从来没有去过。never"从不"，符合语境。故选B. 7 . They ________ a lot of Chinese words since they came to China. A．learnt B．learn C．will learn D．have learnt 【答案】D 【解析】句意:自从他们来到中国，他们已经学会了很多汉语词汇。 考查时态。根据"since they came to China"可知,"since +一般过去时"意为"自从过去的某个时候起"，是现在完成时的标志词，且主语They为复数,，用have learnt。故选D。 8 . Frank ________ be interested in Chinese folk music, for he has spent 20 years studying it. A．must B．mustn’t C．could D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意:Frank一定对中国的民间音乐感兴趣，因为他已经花了20年时间研究它， 考查情态动词辨析。must一定;mustn't禁止;could可以;couldn't不能。根据"for he has spent 20 years studying it”可知他已经花了20年时间研究中国的民间音乐，可见他一定对中国的民间音乐感兴趣。故选A。 9.This piece of Chinese folk song ________ into different foreign songs not long after it got popular. A．is translated B．translates C．was translated D．translated 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这首中国民歌在流行后不久就被翻译成不同的外国歌曲。 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语"not long after it got popular”可知，动作发生在过去，且主语"this piece ofChinese folk song”与动词“translate”之间是被动关系，表示歌曲被翻译，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 10 . The manager told us her company ________ a new kind of robot to help people with the housework. A．creates B．created C．will create D．is creating 【解析】句意:经理告诉我们，她的公司创造了一种新型机器人来帮助人们做家务。 考查时态。根据"told"可知，此处指过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时。故选B。 三、完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） It was a rainy day. Jason sat down at the table, 11 all his homework. He didn’t know 12 to do, facing the books beside the homework. The final exams would start in six weeks, and he felt quite 13 . “What’s the 14 ?” his mom asked. He told his mom about his worries 15 the final exams. “This is stress (压力). It’s not good for you, 16 we should do something,” she said. The next day, Jason’s mom 17 him to the park. “Mom, what are we doing here?” Jason asked. “Let’s run in the park!” Mom said. Jason took his mother’s 18 . Jason ran like the wind and soon he seemed (似乎) to 19 his worries. After running, they 20 other people in doing some relaxation exercises. They sat on the grass. The leader told them to close their 21 and imagine (想象) they were walking on a beautiful beach. “I feel really 22 !” said Jason, “But why?” His mom said that it was important to take care of 23 and not just to study. She told him he needed to rest, eat 24 food, and do some exercises every day. “You’ll feel better and happier,” she said, “but most importantly, 25 tell me when you’re feeling worried.” “Thanks, Mom!” said Jason happily. 11．A．talking about B．thinking about C．dreaming about D．caring about 12．A．what B．how C．when D．whether 13．A．angry B．worried C．sad D．excited 14．A．question B．reason C．result D．matter 15．A．of B．on C．about D．with 16．A．so B．but C．or D．and 17．A．sent B．carried C．took D．brought 18．A．message B．advice C．medicine D．information 19．A．break B．kill C．pass D．forget 20．A．joined B．followed C．forced D．provided 21．A．mouths B．eyes C．ears D．arms 22．A．weak B．terrible C．calm D．tired 23．A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 24．A．delicious B．expensive C．healthy D．important 25．A．sometimes B．never C．seldom D．always 【答案】 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．D 【导语】本文讲述了Jason因面临期末考试而感到焦虑，妈妈带他去公园跑步并做放松练习，让他明白照顾好自己很重要，不仅要学习，还要休息、健康饮食和锻炼，并且要随时告诉妈妈自己的担忧。 11．句意：Jason坐在桌子旁，思考着他所有的作业。 talking about谈论；thinking about思考；dreaming about梦想；caring about关心。根据“He didn’t know...to do, facing the books beside the homework.”可知，此处指思考作业。故选B。 12．句意：面对作业旁边的书，他不知道该做什么。 what什么；how怎样；when什么时候；whether是否。根据“He didn’t know...to do”可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作know的宾语，do缺少宾语，用what。故选A。 13．句意：期末考试将在六周后开始，他感到相当焦虑。 angry生气的；worried焦虑的；sad伤心的；excited兴奋的。根据“The final exams would start in six weeks”以及下文“He told his mom about his worries”可知，面临期末考试，他感到焦虑。故选B。 14．句意：“怎么了？”他妈妈问。 question问题；reason原因；result结果；matter事情。What's the matter?是固定句型，意为“怎么了？”，符合语境。故选D。 15．句意：他告诉妈妈他对期末考试的担忧。 of……的；on在上面；about关于；with和。根据“He told his mom about his worries...the final exams.”可知，此处指关于期末考试的担忧，about符合语境。故选C。 16．句意：这对你不好，所以我们应该做点什么。 so所以；but但是；or或者；and和。根据“It’s not good for you,...we should do something”可知，前后句是因果关系，前因后果，用so连接。故选A。 17．句意：第二天，杰森的妈妈带他去了公园。 sent发送；carried携带；took带走；brought带来。根据“Jason’s mom...him to the park”可知，此处指妈妈带他去公园，take sb. to...“带某人去……”，固定短语。故选C。 18．句意：杰森接受了妈妈的建议。 message信息；advice建议；medicine药；information信息。根据“Let’s run in the park!”可知，妈妈建议去跑步，杰森接受了建议。故选B。 19．句意：杰森像风一样奔跑，很快他似乎忘记了他的担忧。 break打破；kill杀死；pass通过；forget忘记。根据“Jason ran like the wind and soon he seemed (似乎) to...his worries.”可知，跑步让他忘记了担忧。故选D。 20．句意：跑步后，他们和其他人一起做了一些放松练习。 joined加入；followed跟随；forced强迫；provided提供。根据“they...other people in doing some relaxation exercises”可知，此处指加入其他人一起做放松练习。故选A。 21．句意：领队让他们闭上眼睛，想象他们在美丽的海滩上散步。 mouths嘴；eyes眼睛；ears耳朵；arms胳膊。根据“imagine (想象) they were walking on a beautiful beach”可知，想象在海滩上散步需要闭上眼睛，eyes符合语境。故选B。 22．句意：“我感觉真的很平静！”杰森说。 weak虚弱的；terrible可怕的；calm平静的；tired疲惫的。根据上文描述的放松练习以及“I feel really...”可知，做完放松练习后，杰森感觉很平静。故选C。 23．句意：他妈妈说照顾好自己很重要，而不仅仅是要学习。 himself他自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己。根据“His mom said that it was important to take care of...”以及主语His mom可知，此处指照顾好他自己，用himself。故选A。 24．句意：她告诉他，他需要休息，吃健康的食物，每天做一些锻炼。 delicious美味的；expensive昂贵的；healthy健康的；important重要的。根据“eat...food”以及常识可知，要吃健康的食物。故选C。 25．句意：但最重要的是，当你感到焦虑时，一定要告诉我。 sometimes有时；never从不；seldom很少；always总是。根据“but most importantly,...tell me when you’re feeling worried.”可知，此处强调一定要告诉妈妈自己的担忧，always符合语境。故选D。 3、 阅读理解（40分） 请阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor (主播) The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh (梵高). An AI artist painted it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 26．What can Apolong do by itself? A．Follow people’s orders. B．Open the door for people. C．Carry 24 people at a time. 27．When can people talk to Xiaoice? A．When they are lonely. B．When they want to buy a car. C．When they need to write a news report. 28．How long does the AI anchor work without mistakes? A．8 hours. B．14 hours. C．24 hours. 29．What do we know about the painting? A．Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B．The AI artist imitated it. C．It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. 30．Where can you probably read this passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a science magazine. C．In a story book. 【答案】26．B 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种不同类型的人工智能应用：无人驾驶巴士、陪伴型机器人、AI新闻主播和AI画家，分别说明了它们的功能和特点。 26．细节理解题。根据Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus信息栏中“Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself.”可知，Apolong可以自己给人开门。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据Your close friend信息栏中“Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it.”可知，当你感到孤独，你可以和Xiaoice说话。故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据World’s first AI anchor (主播) 信息栏中“It can work 24 hours without any mistakes.”可知，AI新闻主播可以24小时工作不出任何差错。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据Popular AI artist信息栏中“A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018.”可知，一幅很美的画，2018年卖了300万左右。故选C。 30．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了四种不同类型的人工智能应用：无人驾驶巴士、陪伴型机器人、AI新闻主播和AI画家，分别说明了它们的功能和特点。可推断，我们可能在一本科学杂志上读到它。故选B。 B Researchers from Peking University created a new tool called ThermoFace. Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health. ________ The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find “hot” and “cool” areas in the face that change with age and illness. For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of their face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger age. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older. Scientists also find that people with high blood pressure (血压) have warmer cheeks. With ThermoFace, doctors can notice people’s illness earlier. They can do more tests and give advice. Can ThermoFace work perfectly? Will ThermoFace work the same for everyone? We still don’t know. Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face. The tool can’t tell us why something happened, but it can show doctors that there might be a problem. ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors. 31．What can ThermoFace mainly do? A．It can tell someone’s name. B．It can check someone’s health. C．It can change someone’s face. D．It can take someone’s temperature. 32．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．How does ThermoFace work? B．Why can ThermoFace show age? C．Where does the idea come from? D．When does the temperature get higher? 33．Which is probably the result of the research? (area of eyes: — area of nose:--) A．B．C． D． 34．What does the underlined word “factors” mean in Paragraph 3? A．问题 B．秘密 C．因素 D．运动 35．What does the writer think of ThermoFace in real-life use? A．Helpful. B．Difficult. C．Successful. D．Unsure. 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文讲述了北京大学研究人员开发的一种名为ThermoFace的新型工具，该工具通过分析人脸不同部位的温度来评估人的年龄和健康状况。 31．细节理解题。根据“Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health.”可知，ThermoFace可以通过观察脸的不同部位来检查人们的年龄和健康状况。因此，它可以检查某人的健康状况。故选B。 32．推理判断题。根据下文“The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find ‘hot’ and ‘cool’ areas in the face that change with age and illness.”可知，本段主要介绍了ThermoFace是如何工作的，即它是如何通过观察脸部的血管来发现与年龄和疾病相关的“热”和“冷”区域的。因此，选项“How does ThermoFace work?”可以放在空白处，作为本段的主题句。故选A。 33．推理判断题。根据“For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of the face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger age. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older.”可知，随着年龄的增长，鼻子的温度下降得比脸部其他部位快，而眼睛周围的区域通常会变得更热。故选A。 34．词句猜测题。根据“Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face.”可知，其他像运动和吃冰淇淋这样的，可以改变你脸部的温度。根据句意和选项可知，此处“factors”指的是“因素”，即影响脸部温度变化的原因。因此，选项“因素”符合题意。故选C。 35．观点态度题。根据“ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors.”可知，作者认为ThermoFace对研究有帮助，但仍然需要确定它是否能在现实生活中帮助医生。由此可推断出，作者对ThermoFace在现实生活中的使用持不确定的态度。故选D。 C Have you ever dreamed of flying cars? Today, they are becoming real through something called eVTOL. It stands for electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing machines. These are special flying cars that can go straight up and down. They don’t need long runways, but they need to run on batteries (电池) and they are much quieter than planes. China is doing well in making these flying cars. Some companies like EHang are playing a big part in it. EHang tested its flying cars in cities such as Guangzhou and Zhaoqing. Other Chinese companies like XPeng, are also working on their own flying cars. On February 27, 2024, in a testing flight, an eVTOL made by Shanghai Fengfei flew from Shenzhen to Zhuhai in just 20 minutes, covering 55 kilometers! It shows how important this kind of new car is for China’s future. Chinese cities are planning special landing spots for flying cars on the top of buildings. By 2026, we might see everyday eVTOL services in some Chinese cities. This could help to relax the heavy traffic on the ground and make travel faster and easier. However, there are still some problems. First, the batteries need to work longer so that the cars can fly farther. Also, just like we have traffic lights for cars on roads, we need ways to control flying cars in the sky. Right now, these flying cars are still very expensive. Engineers and scientists are working hard to solve these problems. Maybe soon, we will see these quiet flying cars in the skies above our cities! 36. How does the writer show China is doing well in making flying cars? A．By giving steps. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By telling stories. 37. Why does the passage mention EHang, XPeng and Shanghai Fengfei? A．Because the flying cars from these companies sell very well in China. B．Because the flying cars are of great importance for China’s future. C．Because these three companies are the best at fixing up flying cars. D．Because these three companies have many problems making flying cars. 38. What does the underlined word “spots” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．halls B．gardens C．stations D．pools 39. What’s the writer’s opinion about flying cars? A．Flying cars are bad for our environment. B．Today there is no need to make flying cars. C．We will not use flying cars because they are not safe. D．Though flying cars have problems, their future is bright. 40. Which is the best title for this passage? A．A New Way to Travel B．An Interesting Machine to Buy C．The Good Sides of Flying Cars D．The Problems eVTOL has 【答案】36 B 37 B 38 C 39 D 40 A 【导语】本文介绍了电动垂直起降飞行汽车(eVTOL)的发展现状及中国在该领域的突出进展，通过具体案例展示了其未来在缓解交通压力。提升出行效率方面的潜力，同时指出电池续航、空中交通管理和成本等挑战，并表达了对飞行汽车光明前景的积极展望。 36.推理判断题。根据 "Some companies like EHang are playing a big part in it, EHang tested its fiving cars in cities suchas Guangzhou and Zhaoqing. Other Chinese companies like XPeng, are also working on their own flying cars. On February27, 2024, in a testing flight, an eVTOL made by Shanghai Fengfei flew from Shenzhen to Zhuhai in just 20 minutescovering 55 kilometers!”可知，作者通过列举EHang、XPeng、Shanghai Fengfei等中国企业的实际研发和测试案例来证明"中国在制造飞行汽车方面做得很好”。故选B。 37. 推理判断题。根据 "Some companies like EHang are plaving a big part in it. EHang tested its flying cars in cities suchas Guangzhou and Zhaoging. Other Chinese companies like XPeng, are also working on their own flying cars. On February27, 2024, in a testing flight, an eVTOl made by Shanghai Fengfei flew from Shenzhen to Zhuhai in just 20 minutes,covering 55 kilometers! lt shows how important this kind of new car is for China'sfuture.”可知，这句话直接出现在介绍完上述三家公司之后，是对前文举例的总结。也就是说，提到这些企业是为了说明:这类新型交通工具对中国未来发展具有重要意义。故选B。 38. 词句猜测题。根据 "Chinese cities are planning special landing spots for fiying cars on the top of buildings.” 可知，飞行汽车需要停靠、起飞的地方，尤其是在建筑物顶部设置的专用区域，这类似于交通系统中的“站点”。因此，spots与stations意思相近。故选C。 39. 观点态度题。 根据 "However, there are still some problems. First, the batteries need to work longer so that the carscan fly farther. Also, just like we have traffic lights for cars on roads, we need ways to control flying cars in the sky. Rightnow, these flying cars are still very expensive. Engineers and scientists are working hard to solve these problems. Maybesoon, we wil see these quiet flying cars in the skies above our cities!”可知，作者指出飞行汽车目前面临的三大挑战--电池续航不足、空中交通管理缺失和成本高昂，但强调科研人员正在积极解决，未来有望实现普及。说明作者承认当前存在挑战，但仍看好未来发展。故选D。 40. 最佳标题题。全文核心内容围绕"eVTOL作为一种新型交通工具”的出现、技术特点、应用场景和发展前景展开。这些都指向它是一种未来的出行方式革新。选项A“一种新型的出行方式”作为标题最为合适。故选A。 D Do you know anything about the Moon? How much do you know about it? Do you want to go there? Scientists have told us so much about the Moon. They have discovered that the Moon is an unfriendly place. There is no air or water. There are only dust (沙尘) and rocky (岩石构成的) mountains covering its surface. 41 When the Sun shines in the day, the temperature is very high. Daytime temperatures can reach 127℃ when the Sun shines, hot enough to boil water! But at night, it drops to -158℃, colder than Antarctica. 42 As we know, sound can only travel in the air, but there is no air on the Moon. Without air, sound cannot travel. Although two astronauts stood close, they would need radios to communicate. 43 From the Moon, Earth looks like a bright blue-and-white ball hanging in the dark sky. The scene would be wonderful. 44 Though challenging, China has made amazing progress in exploring the Moon. In 2013, Chang’e-3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon, carrying the Yutu rover that studied lunar soil for 31 months. In 2024, Chang’e-6 successfully brought back 1.935 kilograms of moon samples, helping scientists discover new facts about the Moon’s volcanic history. 45 Would you like to join future missions to build a lunar research station? 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．The Moon is also a silent (无声的) world. B．Even a loud crash (碰撞声) would be completely silent! C．These achievements show China’s growing space technology. D．The temperature of the Moon is different from day to night. E．Many astronauts say seeing Earth from space changes their ideas about our planet. 【答案】41．D 42．A 43．B 44．E 45．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了月球的特点，包括其不友好的环境、温度变化、无声的世界以及从月球看地球的景象，同时提到了中国在月球探索方面取得的显著进展。 41．根据后文“When the Sun shines in the day, the temperature is very high. Daytime temperatures can reach 127℃ when the Sun shines, hot enough to boil water! But at night, it drops to -158℃, colder than Antarctica.”可知，后文详细描述了月球白天和夜晚的温度差异，因此此处应总结月球的温度日夜不同，选项D“月球的温度白天和夜晚不同。”符合语境。故选D。 42．根据后文“As we know, sound can only travel in the air, but there is no air on the Moon. Without air, sound cannot travel.”可知，后文解释了月球上没有空气，因此声音无法传播，说明月球是一个无声的世界，选项A“月球也是一个无声的世界。”符合语境。故选A。 43．根据前文“Although two astronauts stood close, they would need radios to communicate.”可知，前文提到即使两名宇航员站得很近，他们也需要无线电来交流，进一步说明月球上声音无法传播，即使碰撞声也会完全无声，选项B“即使碰撞声也会完全无声。”符合语境。故选B。 44．根据前文“From the Moon, Earth looks like a bright blue-and-white ball hanging in the dark sky. The scene would be wonderful.”可知，前文描述了从月球上看地球的景象非常美妙，因此此处应进一步说明这种景象对宇航员的影响，选项E“许多宇航员说从太空看地球改变了他们对我们星球的看法。符合语境。故选E。 45．根据前文“In 2013, Chang’e-3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon…In 2024, Chang’e-6 successfully brought back 1.935 kilograms of moon samples…”可知，前文列举了中国在月球探索方面取得的显著进展，因此此处应总结这些成就展示了中国日益增长的太空技术，选项C“这些成就展示了中国日益增长的太空技术。”符合语境。故选C。 四、任务型阅读（10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 Everybody has his or her dream job. And me too. My dream is to work for foreign tourists as a tour guide. Now let me share my reasons. First, I’m an outgoing girl, and I like doing something exciting. Maybe being a tour guide is the best choice. If I become a tour guide, I can travel all around China and know more about our country. Then I will tell the foreign tourists about our colourful history. Second, I like making friends. And I am able to make lots of friends. If I work as a tour guide, I can make more friends all over the world. That may be great. Perhaps someday my foreign friends will ask me to visit their countries. I really like to go to their countries to know something about their cultures. The trip will be excellent. Third, I like singing. Singing English songs is my hobby. I believe I will be popular with foreign tourists. Now, I am still a middle school student. My job now is to work hard in school. Then I’ll go to university to learn something about being a tour guide. I’m sure I can be a good tour guide when I grow up. 46．Who does the writer want to work for in the future? 47．What’s the writer’s personality? 48．Where does the writer come from? 49．What’s the writer’s hobby? 50．How many reasons are mentioned about why the writer wants to be a tour guide? 【答案】 46．Foreign tourists./She wants to work for foreign tourists. 47．Outgoing./She is outgoing. 48．China./She comes from China. 49．Singing English songs./Her hobby is singing English songs. 50．Three./3. 五、短文填空（10分）（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 disappear   but   wet   hot   in   strong   they   people   slow   change   grow   if No one can be sure what the weather will be like in the future. But many people think there will be some 51 . Scientists say that in many places, it’s going to be much 52 and it’s going to rain less. Some countries in Africa are going to become very dry all year, and it will be almost impossible for 53 to find food and water. In Southern Europe and the United States, it will be more difficult for plants to 54 . People there will also have problems finding food 55 hundreds of years. No one knows how much the temperature is going up, 56 scientists say that the change is going to be at least 2℃. They say that the ice in the Arctic (北极) is going to melt (融化) 57 in the next hundred years, and that a lot of animals there will die. There is also going to be more water in the sea, so cities near the sea may 58 . Another problem is that there will be more 59 winds like hurricanes (飓风). Scientists say they will happen all over the world, and that many people are going to lose 60 homes. 【答案】 51．changes 52．hotter 53．people 54．grow 55．in 56．but 57．slowly 58．disappear 59．strong 60．their 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，预测了未来天气的变化趋势，包括气温升高、降水减少、冰川融化、沿海城市消失及强风增多等，阐述了这些变化对人类和动植物的影响。 51．句意：但许多人认为会有一些变化。根据“No one can be sure what the weather will be like in the future.”可知，未来天气不确定，因此会有“变化”，change符合语境；结合空前“some”，此处需用复数形式changes，故填changes。 52．句意：科学家说，在许多地方，天气将会变得热得多，而且降雨会更少。根据“it’s going to be much…and it’s going to rain less.”可知，未来气候偏干旱，气温会“更高”，“much”修饰比较级表程度，hot的比较级是hotter，符合语境，故填hotter。 53．句意：非洲的一些国家全年都会变得非常干燥，人们几乎不可能找到食物和水。根据“find food and water”可知，寻找食物和水的主体是“人们”，people为复数概念名词，符合语境，故填people。 54．句意：在南欧和美国，植物将更难生长。根据“it’s going to be much hotter and it’s going to rain less”可知，高温少雨的环境不利于植物“生长”，grow符合语境，“to”后接动词原形表目的，故填grow。 55．句意：几百年后，那里的人们也将面临寻找食物的问题。根据“hundreds of years”可知，此处表示“在未来几百年后”，“in+时间段”用于一般将来时，故填in。 56．句意：没有人知道气温会上升多少，但科学家说变化至少会达到2摄氏度。根据“No one knows how much the temperature is going up”与“scientists say that the change is going to be at least 2℃”可知，前后句为转折关系，but表转折，符合语境，故填but。 57．句意：他们说，未来几百年里，北极的冰将会慢慢融化，那里的很多动物将会死亡。根据“the ice in the Arctic is going to melt”可知，冰川融化是一个缓慢的过程，需用副词修饰动词melt，slow的副词形式为slowly，符合语境，故填slowly。 58．句意：海里的水也会增多，所以沿海城市可能会消失。根据“there is also going to be more water in the sea”可知，海平面上升会导致沿海城市“消失”，disappear符合语境，情态动词“may”后需用动词原形，故填disappear。 59．句意：另一个问题是将会有更多像飓风一样的强风。根据“like hurricanes”可知，飓风属于“强风”，需用形容词修饰名词“winds”，strong表示“强烈的”，符合语境，故填strong。 60．句意：科学家说它们会在全世界发生，很多人将会失去他们的家园。根据“many people”可知，此处指代“很多人的”家园，需用they的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，故填their。 B．书面表达 （共15分） 61．请根据要求完成短文写作理想是人们的指路明灯。假如你们学校英文网站要进行话题为“我的梦想工作”的征文活动，请你根据以下思维导图内容提示，用英语写一篇短文，用于投稿。 注意： （1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 My Dream Job Everyone has his or her own dream job, and so do I. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 61．例文 My Dream Job Everyone has his or her own dream job, and so do I. My dream job is to be an English teacher. I am good at learning English. I study English in an easy and useful way. Besides, I am good with children, because I am outgoing and kind to everyone. To make my dream come true, I am going to take the following steps. First, I am going to work harder to get good grades in all subjects, especially English. Second, I am going to learn more teaching skills after going to university. I hope my dream will come true. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者分享了自己的梦想职业，同时介绍了自己当下的身份及未来的规划。 76．根据“My dream is to work for foreign tourists as a tour guide.”可知，作者未来想为外国游客工作，故填Foreign tourists./She wants to work for foreign tourists. 77．根据“First, I’m an outgoing girl,”可知，作者的性格是外向的，故填Outgoing./She is outgoing. 78．根据“If I become a tour guide, I can travel all around China and know more about our country.”可推断，作者来自中国，故填China./She comes from China. 79．根据“Singing English songs is my hobby.”可知，作者的爱好是唱英文歌，故填Singing English songs./Her hobby is singing English songs. 80．根据文中“First... Second... Third...”可知，作者一共提到了三个想成为导游的原因，故填Three./3. 81．[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：围绕“梦想职业（英语教师）”展开，介绍选择该职业的原因及实现梦想的计划，注意包含题干所给的全部要点，保证拼写和语法正确。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明自己的梦想职业是英语教师； 第二步，说明选择该职业的理由； 第三步，列举实现梦想的具体计划，并表达对梦想的期待。 [亮点词汇] ①dream job 梦想职业 ②be good at 擅长 ③make one’s dream come true 实现某人的梦想 [高分句型] ①Everyone has his or her own dream job, and so do I.（“so+助动词+主语”倒装句型） ②I am good with children, because I am outgoing and kind to everyone.（because引导的原因状语从句） ③To make my dream come true, I am going to take the following steps.（动词不定式作目的状语） 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语下学期开学收心卷02 （考试时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或者钢笔将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．测试范围：上学期学习内容+新课预习部分（新教材外研版）。 5. 难度系数：0.65。 6．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、单项选择（10分） 1. —Come and see! The baby is crying. —Please do something to make him ________. A．crying B．stop to cry C．stop crying D．cry 2 . —Look! Someone ________ the classroom. It’s so clean! —Really? Let’s find out who it was. A．cleans B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．had cleaned 3 . My cousin has decided ________ a volunteer at the Nanjing Museum next summer. A．be B．to be C．being D．been 4 . My cousin ________ the traffic rules by crossing the road carelessly while he ________ to the bus stop yesterday. A．broke; was running B．followed; was running C．was breaking; ran D．was following; ran 5 .—Are you going to Sam’s birthday party the day after tomorrow? —I’m not sure. I will go with you if I ________. A．invite B．will be invited C．am invited D．invited 6 . —Have you _______ visited the old house by the river? —No, _______. A．ever; ever B．ever; never C．never; ever 7 . They ________ a lot of Chinese words since they came to China. A．learnt B．learn C．will learn D．have learnt 8 . Frank ________ be interested in Chinese folk music, for he has spent 20 years studying it. A．must B．mustn’t C．could D．couldn’t 9.This piece of Chinese folk song ________ into different foreign songs not long after it got popular. A．is translated B．translates C．was translated D．translated 10 . The manager told us her company ________ a new kind of robot to help people with the housework. A．creates B．created C．will create D．is creating 三、完形填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分） It was a rainy day. Jason sat down at the table, 11 all his homework. He didn’t know 12 to do, facing the books beside the homework. The final exams would start in six weeks, and he felt quite 13 . “What’s the 14 ?” his mom asked. He told his mom about his worries 15 the final exams. “This is stress (压力). It’s not good for you, 16 we should do something,” she said. The next day, Jason’s mom 17 him to the park. “Mom, what are we doing here?” Jason asked. “Let’s run in the park!” Mom said. Jason took his mother’s 18 . Jason ran like the wind and soon he seemed (似乎) to 19 his worries. After running, they 20 other people in doing some relaxation exercises. They sat on the grass. The leader told them to close their 21 and imagine (想象) they were walking on a beautiful beach. “I feel really 22 !” said Jason, “But why?” His mom said that it was important to take care of 23 and not just to study. She told him he needed to rest, eat 24 food, and do some exercises every day. “You’ll feel better and happier,” she said, “but most importantly, 25 tell me when you’re feeling worried.” “Thanks, Mom!” said Jason happily. 11．A．talking about B．thinking about C．dreaming about D．caring about 12．A．what B．how C．when D．whether 13．A．angry B．worried C．sad D．excited 14．A．question B．reason C．result D．matter 15．A．of B．on C．about D．with 16．A．so B．but C．or D．and 17．A．sent B．carried C．took D．brought 18．A．message B．advice C．medicine D．information 19．A．break B．kill C．pass D．forget 20．A．joined B．followed C．forced D．provided 21．A．mouths B．eyes C．ears D．arms 22．A．weak B．terrible C．calm D．tired 23．A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 24．A．delicious B．expensive C．healthy D．important 25．A．sometimes B．never C．seldom D．always 3、 阅读理解（40分） 请阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless (无人驾驶的) bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor (主播) The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh (梵高). An AI artist painted it. The AI artist imitated (临摹) over 15,000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 26．What can Apolong do by itself? A．Follow people’s orders. B．Open the door for people. C．Carry 24 people at a time. 27．When can people talk to Xiaoice? A．When they are lonely. B．When they want to buy a car. C．When they need to write a news report. 28．How long does the AI anchor work without mistakes? A．8 hours. B．14 hours. C．24 hours. 29．What do we know about the painting? A．Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B．The AI artist imitated it. C．It was sold for about 3,000,000 yuan in 2018. 30．Where can you probably read this passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a science magazine. C．In a story book. B Researchers from Peking University created a new tool called ThermoFace. Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health. ________ The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find “hot” and “cool” areas in the face that change with age and illness. For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of their face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger age. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older. Scientists also find that people with high blood pressure (血压) have warmer cheeks. With ThermoFace, doctors can notice people’s illness earlier. They can do more tests and give advice. Can ThermoFace work perfectly? Will ThermoFace work the same for everyone? We still don’t know. Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face. The tool can’t tell us why something happened, but it can show doctors that there might be a problem. ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors. 31．What can ThermoFace mainly do? A．It can tell someone’s name. B．It can check someone’s health. C．It can change someone’s face. D．It can take someone’s temperature. 32．Which of the following can be put in “________”? A．How does ThermoFace work? B．Why can ThermoFace show age? C．Where does the idea come from? D．When does the temperature get higher? 33．Which is probably the result of the research? (area of eyes: — area of nose:--) A．B．C． D． 34．What does the underlined word “factors” mean in Paragraph 3? A．问题 B．秘密 C．因素 D．运动 35．What does the writer think of ThermoFace in real-life use? A．Helpful. B．Difficult. C．Successful. D．Unsure. C Have you ever dreamed of flying cars? Today, they are becoming real through something called eVTOL. It stands for electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing machines. These are special flying cars that can go straight up and down. They don’t need long runways, but they need to run on batteries (电池) and they are much quieter than planes. China is doing well in making these flying cars. Some companies like EHang are playing a big part in it. EHang tested its flying cars in cities such as Guangzhou and Zhaoqing. Other Chinese companies like XPeng, are also working on their own flying cars. On February 27, 2024, in a testing flight, an eVTOL made by Shanghai Fengfei flew from Shenzhen to Zhuhai in just 20 minutes, covering 55 kilometers! It shows how important this kind of new car is for China’s future. Chinese cities are planning special landing spots for flying cars on the top of buildings. By 2026, we might see everyday eVTOL services in some Chinese cities. This could help to relax the heavy traffic on the ground and make travel faster and easier. However, there are still some problems. First, the batteries need to work longer so that the cars can fly farther. Also, just like we have traffic lights for cars on roads, we need ways to control flying cars in the sky. Right now, these flying cars are still very expensive. Engineers and scientists are working hard to solve these problems. Maybe soon, we will see these quiet flying cars in the skies above our cities! 36. How does the writer show China is doing well in making flying cars? A．By giving steps. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By telling stories. 37. Why does the passage mention EHang, XPeng and Shanghai Fengfei? A．Because the flying cars from these companies sell very well in China. B．Because the flying cars are of great importance for China’s future. C．Because these three companies are the best at fixing up flying cars. D．Because these three companies have many problems making flying cars. 38. What does the underlined word “spots” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．halls B．gardens C．stations D．pools 39. What’s the writer’s opinion about flying cars? A．Flying cars are bad for our environment. B．Today there is no need to make flying cars. C．We will not use flying cars because they are not safe. D．Though flying cars have problems, their future is bright. 40. Which is the best title for this passage? A．A New Way to Travel B．An Interesting Machine to Buy C．The Good Sides of Flying Cars D．The Problems eVTOL has D Do you know anything about the Moon? How much do you know about it? Do you want to go there? Scientists have told us so much about the Moon. They have discovered that the Moon is an unfriendly place. There is no air or water. There are only dust (沙尘) and rocky (岩石构成的) mountains covering its surface. 41 When the Sun shines in the day, the temperature is very high. Daytime temperatures can reach 127℃ when the Sun shines, hot enough to boil water! But at night, it drops to -158℃, colder than Antarctica. 42 As we know, sound can only travel in the air, but there is no air on the Moon. Without air, sound cannot travel. Although two astronauts stood close, they would need radios to communicate. 43 From the Moon, Earth looks like a bright blue-and-white ball hanging in the dark sky. The scene would be wonderful. 44 Though challenging, China has made amazing progress in exploring the Moon. In 2013, Chang’e-3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to soft-land on the Moon, carrying the Yutu rover that studied lunar soil for 31 months. In 2024, Chang’e-6 successfully brought back 1.935 kilograms of moon samples, helping scientists discover new facts about the Moon’s volcanic history. 45 Would you like to join future missions to build a lunar research station? 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．The Moon is also a silent (无声的) world. B．Even a loud crash (碰撞声) would be completely silent! C．These achievements show China’s growing space technology. D．The temperature of the Moon is different from day to night. E．Many astronauts say seeing Earth from space changes their ideas about our planet. 四、任务型阅读（10分） 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 Everybody has his or her dream job. And me too. My dream is to work for foreign tourists as a tour guide. Now let me share my reasons. First, I’m an outgoing girl, and I like doing something exciting. Maybe being a tour guide is the best choice. If I become a tour guide, I can travel all around China and know more about our country. Then I will tell the foreign tourists about our colourful history. Second, I like making friends. And I am able to make lots of friends. If I work as a tour guide, I can make more friends all over the world. That may be great. Perhaps someday my foreign friends will ask me to visit their countries. I really like to go to their countries to know something about their cultures. The trip will be excellent. Third, I like singing. Singing English songs is my hobby. I believe I will be popular with foreign tourists. Now, I am still a middle school student. My job now is to work hard in school. Then I’ll go to university to learn something about being a tour guide. I’m sure I can be a good tour guide when I grow up. 46．Who does the writer want to work for in the future? 47．What’s the writer’s personality? 48．Where does the writer come from? 49．What’s the writer’s hobby? 50．How many reasons are mentioned about why the writer wants to be a tour guide? 五、短文填空（10分）（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 disappear   but   wet   hot   in   strong   they   people   slow   change   grow   if No one can be sure what the weather will be like in the future. But many people think there will be some 51 . Scientists say that in many places, it’s going to be much 52 and it’s going to rain less. Some countries in Africa are going to become very dry all year, and it will be almost impossible for 53 to find food and water. In Southern Europe and the United States, it will be more difficult for plants to 54 . People there will also have problems finding food 55 hundreds of years. No one knows how much the temperature is going up, 56 scientists say that the change is going to be at least 2℃. They say that the ice in the Arctic (北极) is going to melt (融化) 57 in the next hundred years, and that a lot of animals there will die. There is also going to be more water in the sea, so cities near the sea may 58 . Another problem is that there will be more 59 winds like hurricanes (飓风). Scientists say they will happen all over the world, and that many people are going to lose 60 homes. B．书面表达 （共15分） 61．请根据要求完成短文写作理想是人们的指路明灯。假如你们学校英文网站要进行话题为“我的梦想工作”的征文活动，请你根据以下思维导图内容提示，用英语写一篇短文，用于投稿。 注意： （1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 My Dream Job Everyone has his or her own dream job, and so do I. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $