Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Using language-(配套教参)【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(外研版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语非谓语动词中“过去分词作状语”核心知识点，系统梳理其基本用法（功能、类型、位置）、注意事项（逻辑主语一致、独立主格、形容词化过去分词）及与现在分词作状语的区别（逻辑关系、时间概念），构建从基础理解到对比辨析的递进式学习支架。 该资料以“理论讲解+即时演练+语法写作”为主线，通过对比表格明晰语法差异培养思维品质，结合高考真题及教材原句设计练习提升语言能力，核心词汇词形转换与句式升级训练强化学习能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过语法填空、写作应用巩固知识，有效查漏补缺。

Unit 1　Section Ⅱ　Using language [对应学生用书P10] 动词的过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式，它具有动词的一些特点。同时，也具有形容词、副词的句法功能。在句中可以用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等，一般表示动作的完成或被动的意义。 一、过去分词(短语)作状语的基本用法 1．过去分词(短语)作状语的功能 过去分词(短语)作状语时，主语与过去分词(短语)表示的动作之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。 ◆He walked slowly in the forest，followed by a dog. 他在森林里慢慢地走着，一条狗跟着他。 ◆Built thirty years ago，the house looks very beautiful. 虽然这座房子是30年前建的，但是它看起来很漂亮。 2．过去分词作状语的类型 过去分词作状语时，可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式和伴随状况等。过去分词作方式状语和伴随状语时可以变成并列分句，作其他状语时可以变为相应的状语从句。 ◆Encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder. ＝As he is encouraged by the progress he has made，he works harder. 由于所取得进步的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。(原因状语) ◆The old man walked into the room，supported by his son. ＝The old man walked into the room and was supported by his son. 这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。(方式状语) ◆The teacher came into the room，followed by two students. ＝The teacher came into the room，and he was followed by two students. 老师走进了这个房间，后面跟着两个学生。(伴随状语) ◆Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. ＝After the problems were discussed many times，they were settled at last. 多次讨论之后，这些问题终于解决了。(时间状语) ◆Given ten more minutes，we will finish the work perfectly. ＝If we are given ten more minutes，we will finish the work perfectly. 如果再多给十分钟，我们就会完美地完成这项工作。(条件状语) 3．过去分词(短语)作状语的位置 过去分词作条件、原因、让步及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果和方式状语时，通常放在句末。 [即时演练1]——单句语法填空 (1)Published(publish) in 1884，The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain was one of the first novels in the USA written in common，everyday language. (2)Banned (ban) from the hotel since 2001，Burchill is now welcome to come back，the Fairmont said. (3)Completed(complete) in 1931，the Empire State Building，the highest skyscraper until 1954，inspired the imagination of the world. 二、过去分词(短语)作状语的注意事项 1．过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when，while，if，though，as if，unless等，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构，使句意表达得更清楚。 ◆Unless constantly repeated，the English words are easily forgotten. 这些英语单词很容易被忘记，除非不断重复(记忆)。 ◆When asked why she came here，the girl kept silent. 当被问到为何来这儿时，那个女孩沉默不语。 2．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，否则需加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。 ◆He was listening attentively in class，his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他课上专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。(fix的逻辑主语是his eyes) 3．有些形容词化的过去分词(短语)，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost(迷失的)，seated(就座的)，hidden(隐藏的)，absorbed/lost in (沉浸于)，buried in (埋头于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)等。 ◆Lost in deep thought，he didn't hear the bell. 陷入沉思，他没听到铃声。 [即时演练2]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·北京卷，语法填空)On April 5，2024，John Tinniswood was named the world's oldest living man.And when asked(ask) about his new title，he shared the secret: moderation (适度). (2)Located(locate) on the third floor beside the online reading rooms，the newly-furnished section can be accessible from 8 am till 9 pm throughout the weekdays. 三、过去分词(短语)与现在分词(短语)作状语的区别 语法 逻辑关系 时间概念 过去分词(短语)作状语 过去分词(短语)所表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动 过去分词(短语)所表示的动作往往发生于谓语动词所表示的动作之前，或表示“一种状态”，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或存在 现在分词(短语)作状语 现在分词(短语)所表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动 现在分词(短语)的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；现在分词(短语)的完成式(having done)表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前 从山上看，这座城市看起来像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系) ◆Seeing from the hill，you will find the city looks like a big garden. 从山上看，你会发现这座城市看起来像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系) 过去分词(短语)与现在分词(短语)的完成被动式(having been done)作状语时，都具有被动意义，有时可以互换，但是having been done结构强调动作先于句子的谓语动词所表示的动作。 ◆Shown around the lab，we were taken to see the library. ＝Having been shown around the lab，we were taken to see the library. 参观了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观图书馆。 [即时演练3]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Recalling(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai，Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.” (2)Surrounded(surround) by many strangers，the composer felt a little embarrassed. (3) We can face the difficulties in our life bravely，accompanied(accompany) by our families，friends and those who care about us. [对应学生用书P13] [核心词汇·练透] annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的(→annoy vt.& vi.骚扰；惹恼；打搅→annoying adj.讨厌的；恼人的→annoyance n.[U]恼怒，烦恼；[C]使人烦恼的事) be annoyed with sb　生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth　因为某事而生气 be annoyed to do/that...　做……感到生气 (教材原句)Prevented from playing her role in Riley's emotional development，Sadness feels annoyed. 由于无法在莱利的情感发展过程中扮演她的角色，“悲伤”感到恼火。 [练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级 (1)We should keep a cool head and put ourselves in others' shoes rather than get annoyed (annoy). (2)What is really annoying (annoy) is that we made the same mistake this time. (3)The teacher was annoyed at/about (因……而生气) his students' attitude to study，so he criticised them severely. → Annoyed at/about his students' attitude to study，the teacher criticised them severely.(用分词短语作状语)(读后续写之情绪描写) adjust v.适应，(使)习惯(→adjustment n.调整，调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的) (1)adjust...to...　调整……以适应…… adjust to (doing) sth　习惯/适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to...　使自己适应于…… (2)make an adjustment to...　对……做出调整 (教材原句)When Riley moves to a new city，she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings. 当莱利搬到一个新城市时，她很难适应新的环境。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living (live) in the mountainous village alone. (2)I'm writing to tell you something about the adjustments (adjust) of our legal holidays. (3)来之前学习一些基础汉语，你将会更容易适应这儿的生活。 Learn some basic Chinese before you come，and you will adjust (yourself) to the life here more easily．(应用文写作之建议信) by accident 偶然，意外地 (1)by chance＝accidentally 　偶然地，意外地 (2)by design＝on purpose　有意地，故意地 (教材原句)Sadness wants to do her duty but by accident causes the loss of Riley's happy core memories with Joy. “悲伤”想履行自己的职责，却意外地导致莱利的“快乐”核心记忆丧失。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)She heard about the job by chance from someone she met at the party. (2)If you joke with him，he'll think you're looking down on him on purpose. (3)他的成功似乎是偶然的，但实际上是他多年努力的结果。 It seemed that his success happened by accident/by chance，but actually it was the result of his years of efforts.(读后续写之主旨升华) forgive v.原谅，宽恕(→forgiveness n.原谅) forgive sb sth　原谅某人某事 forgive sb for (doing) sth　原谅某人(做了)某事 (教材原句) Try to forgive someone when they apologise. 当有些人道歉时尽量原谅他们。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Please forgive me for lying to you，but it's not my intention. (2)汤姆既内疚又羞愧，来到老师的办公室，当面恳求老师的原谅。 Guilty and ashamed，Tom came into his teacher's office to beg for his forgiveness face to face．(形容词短语作状语)(读后续写之情绪描写) embarrassment n.尴尬，难为情(→embarrass vt.使难堪；使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的) (1)to one's embarrassment 　令某人尴尬的是 (2)be embarrassed to do sth　尴尬地做某事 be embarrassed about/at...　对……感到尴尬 (教材原句) It's not a good idea to criticise someone in front of others.This can cause embarrassment. 当着别人的面批评人是不对的。这会引起尴尬。 [练通]——单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)Painful and a bit embarrassed (embarrass) as he was，he still dragged his feet to keep moving forward. (2)The questions the reporter asked sometimes were embarrassing and they made me embarrassed．(embarrass) (3)She let off steam in the presence of the guests and this made her embarrassed. →What embarrassed her was that she let off steam in the presence of the guests.(what引导主语从句) →She let off steam in the presence of the guests，which made her embarrassed．(非限制性定语从句) [对应学生用书P15] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend won a marathon race.Feeling (feel) motivated，I started running regularly，but then two things happened. 2．All these gifts bought(buy)，Tom left the shopping center immediately，looking(look) forward to surprising his mother at her birthday party. 3．(北师必修三U7) Inspired(inspire) by his struggles with deafness，the composer produced some amazing pieces，including nine symphonies，five piano pieces，and an opera! 4．(北师必修三U9)Active learners do not judge people based(base) on first impressions or personal feelings. 5．The girl was playing music accompanied (accompany) by her mother at the piano. 6．There are some health problems that，when not treated (treat)in time，can become bigger ones later on. 7．Heavy rain struck the city in June，causing(cause) traffic problems and flooding in several areas. 8．Known(know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”，New Year paintings are a unique art form in Chinese folk culture. 9．Faced(face) with a choice between arts and science，the girl didn't know which to choose because she had a deep interest and talent in both areas. 10．When asked(ask) for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．他们俩都对未来充满了担心，不确定下一步该做什么。 Worried about the future，they are both uncertain about what to do next. 2．当被要求唱一首歌时，女孩犹豫了一会儿，然后害羞地点头同意了。 When asked to sing a song，the girl hesitated for a moment，and then shyly nodded in agreement. 3．被他的话所激励，他们已决定无论可能遇到什么挑战，都会尽自己最大的努力去实现目标。 Inspired by what he said/his words，they have decided to try their best to achieve their goals，regardless of the challenges they may encounter. 4．对这惊人的结果感到惊讶，他们不敢相信自己的眼睛，嘴巴因难以置信而张得大大的。 Surprised at the amazing result，they couldn't believe their eyes，their mouths wide open in disbelief. 5．尽管被提醒了多次，汤姆还是忘了按时交作业。 Although reminded many times，Tom still forgot to hand in his homework on time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $