专题02 阅读理解之主旨大意（专题专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题02 阅读理解之主旨大意 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01主旨大意综合练（原创&最新模拟） 题型02主旨大意综合练（最新模拟&原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（阅读理解） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1.（2026·江苏省扬州市七校月考）John Hartnett’s path to becoming a skilled furniture restorer was unexpected. Unlike many of his classmates who thrived (取得成功) in traditional academic settings, John often felt out of place. “I wasn’t a bad student, but I didn’t connect with how things were taught,” he says. He believed his future was somewhere else, but he didn’t know where until a school woodworking project sparked (激发) a deep and immediate passion within him. This initial interest led him to pursue formal training in furniture making and restoration. It was during this period that he truly understood the depth of the craft. He learned not only the skills but also the patience and respect for the material. For John, restoration was far more than simple repair; it was a process of uncovering history. Each piece of furniture, with its unique scratches and wear, told a story of past times. He felt a sense of responsibility to preserve these stories for the future. After finishing his training, John started his own workshop. His days are now spent bringing damaged and aging furniture back to its former glory. The work is challenging, requiring careful analysis and a steady hand. However, the greatest reward comes from the emotional connection he builds with his clients. Often, they bring items of great emotional value — a grandmother’s favorite chair or a table around which a family has gathered for decades. Seeing their joyful reactions upon seeing a cherished piece restored is, for John, the most satisfying part of his job. Looking back, John feels he has found his true calling. He has built a meaningful career by doing the work he truly loves, combining his hands-on skill with a deep appreciation for history and family memories. He believes that in our fast-paced world, the act of restoring and valuing well-made old objects is a powerful statement. It’s a reminder of quality, sustainability, and the lasting stories that connect us all. 1．Why did John often feel out of place in traditional academic settings? A．He was not good at his lessons at school B．He couldn’t adapt to the teaching methods C．He had a strong passion for woodworking D．He wanted to pursue a career in furniture restoration 2．What can we learn about furniture restoration from Paragraph 2? A．It only requires basic repair skills B．It helps preserve historical stories C．It is a simple and easy craft D．It focuses on material replacement 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about John’s work? A．It mainly focuses on repairing expensive furniture B．The emotional satisfaction outweighs the technical challenges C．Clients often complain about the high cost of restoration D．It requires little skill but much patience 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Passion for Woodworking: John’s School Project B．From Misfit to Master: A Furniture Restorer’s Journey C．The Challenges of Furniture Restoration D．Preserving History Through Family Memories 2.（2026·山东省大联考）From the world’s last seven to a global population of more than 5,000, China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) from the edge of extinction. With its typical red crest and face, as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers, the crested ibis is known as the “Oriental Gem” in China. They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting, ecological damage, and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction. In 1981, the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County, northwest China’s Shaanxi Province, and deep in the Qinling Mountains, making Qinling, a natural boundary between China’s north and south, the “Noah’s Ark (诺亚方舟) ” of the wild bird. Since 1981, the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species, prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas, cutting down trees where they nest, using chemicals in their food-finding areas, and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises, sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds’ living areas. China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and has bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi. Years of constant effort have brought promising results. It is estimated that there are more than 5,000 crested ibises in the world now, and about half of them live in Shaanxi. The bird’s habitat in China has risen from less than five square kilometres in 1981 to the current 15,000 km². “It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying around,” said Zan Linsen, head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. “The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection.” 1．Why are the Qinling Mountains so important for crested ibises? A．They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises. B．They are where crested ibises were first found. C．They protect crested ibises from natural enemies. D．They are the only breeding area of crested ibises. 2．What can we conclude from the fourth paragraph? A．It's legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County. B．Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially. C．The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises. D．Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises. 3．How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation of crested ibises? A．Proud and ambitious. B．Relieved and happy. C．Sorry and regretful. D．Shocked and curious. 4．Which could be a suitable title for the text? A．Artificial Breeding of Crested Ibises in China B．Rare Animals in China: Crested Ibises C．Crested Ibises Found Again in the Qinling Mountains D．Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback 3.（2026·四川省乐山市高三第一次调研）Autumn leaves may be beautiful on trees, though they become annoying once they cover the ground. Although regular raking (耙) keeps your yard clean, it often upsets you when most leaves come from a neighbor’s tree. This presents a common problem: what should you do when your neighbor’s tree litters your yard? Some people have gathered these leaves and put the pile back onto the neighbor’s yard, calling it a return to the “rightful owner.” A video of such an act caused heated debate on TikTok. Supporters believe it is the tree’s owner who should take responsibility for the leaves. “He has NO trees. He’s just returning what belongs to his neighbor.” However, many people view the action as downright rude. “Welcome to Earth, where trees are all around the neighborhood,” one comment read. Another person added, “If he went through the trouble of gathering them, then dumping (倾倒) over the fence is completely inconsiderate and unacceptable.” Manners expert Jodi RR Smith points out that having neighbors means sharing both the good and bad sides of nearby trees.” Leaves that fall on your land are your duty to handle, just as you can enjoy the tree’s shade in summer, “ she noted, “the same idea applies to fruit from branches over your yard.” Instead, she suggests having a friendly talk with the neighbor. They may not even be aware of the issue and once they find the problem, they might offer to help with cleanup costs. Or, if you’ re OK with some temporary yard mess, you don’t even need to rake your leaves in the first place. The United States Department of Agriculture says that leaves on the ground can create an ideal habitat for animals like lizards, insects, and frogs. Either way, it is usually best to keep your yard tidy and clean up the leaves — no matter where from. 1．What might be the reason for some people to put the leaves back to their neighbors? A．To keep their own yard clean. B．To help the neighbor rake the litters. C．To make some eye-catching TikTok videos. D．To remind the tree’s owner to be responsible. 2．What does the underline word “downright” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Hardly. B．Slightly. C．Properly. D．Totally. 3．What does Jodi RR Smith recommend? A．Build a fence wall. B．Take fruit from the tree. C．Speak to the neighbor. D．Dump the leaves back. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Are You Responsible for Your Neighbor’ s Leaves? B．Handling Neighbor Issues with Kindness C．Should You Make a Video of Your Leaf Problem? D．Letting Leaves Lie: An Eco-Friendly Choice 4.（2026·陕西省铜川市高三一模）The human body is one big energy factory. Calories go in and they power our organs and muscles, generating a large amount of heat. Simply going for a walk could generate 163 watts of power, but the big challenge is working out how to turn this into usable energy. Scientists are exploring lots of innovative ways to harness human power, and one method involves piezoelectricity (压电效应), which can be produced from the pressure applied to a surface through motions such as walking. When pressure is applied to an object containing atoms or molecules (分子) arranged in a very orderly way, also known as crystals, the charges are forced out of balance. The compressed (被压缩的) side gains a positive charge while the opposite develops a negative charge, and when the pressure is relieved, an electric current flows between them, which can be stored and used as a power source. Although this is proven to work, it only generates a very small amount of electricity, unfortunately insufficient for powering most electronic devices. Scientists have also uncovered a way to generate electricity from clothes. Using nylon fibres, a group of researchers from the University of Bath, the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Germany, and the University of Coimbra in Portugal have made a breakthrough. Scientists have been aware of the piezoelectric properties of nylon since the late 1900s, but until November 2020, the potential of its ability to generate electricity was not realized. In its raw form, nylon is a white powder that can be put into a large number of other products, like packaging and clothing, but on its own, it can be transformed into piezoelectric fibres. Although the technology is still in its early stage of development, the hope is that our clothes will one day charge our devices. For example, just walking in a shirt woven with piezoelectric fibers could generate enough electrical charge for a battery. 1．What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Store. B．Use. C．Generate. D．Charge. 2．What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The drawbacks of piezoelectricity. B．The design of piezoelectricity study. C．The theoretical bases for piezoelectricity. D．The difficulty in powering electronic devices. 3．Why do scientists experiment with nylon in their study? A．It is readily available. B．It is a low-cost product. C．It is environmentaly friendly. D．It is a multi-purpose material. 4．What is author’s attitude towards the prospect of turning human power into usable energy? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Optimistic. D．Dismissive. 5.（2026·陕西省铜川市高三一模）Do you ever wake up with a fuzzy feeling in your head, can’t concentrate on anything, or find your memory just isn’t working as it should? You’re not alone. 39% of British people said they suffer from brain fog on a regular basis in a Future You Cambridge study. But why do we get brain fog, and can we do anything to prevent it? The technical word for brain fog is cognitive impairment. When you have it, you can’t think as clearly as you normally can — just as if your brain were actually full of fog. Dr Brennan, a neuroscientist and author, says “Brain fog is different from these short-term disruptions (扰乱), because it occurs regularly and can interfere (影响)with the quality of your life, your relationships, and your work”. The reality is that no one knows exactly what causes it, though theories include chemical or blood flow changes in the brain, and low-level inflammation. What we do know are factors that make it worse. Fatigue (疲劳), for example, is a key contributor to brain fog, making it hard to stay focused. This is because sleep deficiency can change activity in some parts of the brain, which means processing and recalling details becomes harder. Pain and anxiety can also contribute to it — they interfere with cognitive speed because they are distracting. There are also medical conditions that can make it worse. So, if you’re suffering from brain fog, what can you do to fix it? One thing you can do is avoid ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Dr Megan Rossi, the founder of The Gut Health Doctor, told the BBC that “UPFs are often low in essential nutrients like magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids and iron, all of which are crucial for brain function and mental clarity”. Therefore, we should pack our diets with nutrient-rich foods like whole grains, vegetables and healthy fats. Blueberries are particularly rich in polyphenols and have been shown to improve cognitive function and memory in clinical trials. So, if you feel a bit foggy, try to get more sleep and consider making some changes to your diet. 1．How does the author prove the issue in the first paragraph? A．By throwing a question. B．By quoting statistics. C．By defining a concept. D．By making comparisons. 2．What characterizes brain fog? A．It worsens in a short time. B．It affects blood flow changes. C．It facilitates abnormal behavior. D．It causes negative effects regularly. 3．What is paragraph 3 intended to do? A．List contributors to brain fog. B．Describe symptoms of brain fog. C．Justify the struggle with brain fog. D．Offer medical treatment for brain fog. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The science behind sleep and brain fog B．How to cure brain fog with medication C．Brain fog: causes, effects, and dietary solutions D．The role of ultra-processed foods in modern life 01主旨大意考点综合练 1.（2026·江苏省如皋市高三教学质量调研（二））First impressions can be harsh. One mistake, and you might feel like you’ll forever be seen as an idiot (笨蛋) in someone’s eyes. However, I believe reality is kinder than that. Making a first impression is like trying to keep a door open with your foot. Many encounters with strangers are brief and may never happen again. Sometimes that can be a blessing: If the person you meet doesn’t care to remember you, you’ll quickly fade into the crowd of strangers in their mind, avoiding any negative or lasting impression. Other times, it can be disappointing — imagine striking up a conversation with someone interesting only to part ways before exchanging contact information. To avoid being forgotten, you need to do something memorable — but not something foolish. Make an impression by asking an insightful question or making someone laugh. This means taking risks and avoiding bland (乏味的) small talk; if that’s all you offer, you’ll likely be pushed to the back of their memory, unlikely to be remembered again. But what if you messed up your first impression? And one day you see them looking at you, recalling the time you embarrassed yourself, and they’re walking toward you thinking, “I know you from somewhere...” In that case, your second impression needs to be better. In my 19 years of making first impressions — some not so great — I’ve found that people will give you a second chance if you give them something to care about. Just because you messed up the first time doesn’t mean you should withdraw and stop being interesting. If anything, you should try harder: Listen well, ask relevant questions, smile often, tell a joke, and share what you care about. None of this is a guaranteed “How to Make People Like You” guide, by the way. I’m not even sure if any of this works. But people seem to like talking to me, so maybe some of it does work. Anyway, if this is your first impression of me, I hope it’s been a good one. 1．What does paragraph 2 focus on about first impressions? A．They are brief and temporary. B．They are casual and interesting. C．They are important and lasting. D．They are negative and dynamic. 2．How can you make a memorable first impression, according to the author? A．By engaging in small talk. B．By avoiding risky behavior. C．By demonstrating insight or humor. D．By sharing your personal experiences. 3．What tone does the author take when discussing the effectiveness of his advice? A．Playful. B．Uncertain. C．Serious. D．Convincing. 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Making a Good First Impression B．The True Art of First Impression C．Why Second Impression More D．The Lasting Impact of First Impression 2.（2026·江苏省如皋市高三教学质量调研（二））The Ediacaran Period, spanning from about 635 to 541 million years ago, was a crucial time in Earth’s history. It marked a transformative era during which complex, multicellular organisms (多细胞生物) emerged, setting the stage for an explosion of life. But how did this explosion of life unfold? Researchers from the University of Rochester in New York, US, have uncovered strong evidence that Earth’s magnetic field (磁场) was in a highly unusual state when the large animals of the Ediacaran Period diversified and thrived. According to John Tarduno, a professor of geophysics in the university’s Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, one of the most remarkable life forms during the Ediacaran Period was the Ediacaran fauna — a handful of strange creatures found in Australia, Canada and the English Midlands. They were notable for looking like early animals and some even reached more than a meter in size and were able to move, indicating that they probably needed more oxygen compared to earlier life forms. Tarduno and his team used innovative strategies and techniques to examine the strength of the magnetic field by studying magnetism locked in ancient feldspar and pyroxene crystals (辉石晶体) from a rock called anorthosite. These crystals contain magnetic particles (粒子) that preserve magnetization from the time the minerals were formed. By dating the rocks, researchers can construct a timeline of the development of Earth’s magnetic field. Their data indicates that Earth’s magnetic field during the Ediacaran Period was the weakest known to date, lasting for at least 26 million years. A weak magnetic field makes it easier for charged particles from the sun to strip away lightweight atoms such as hydrogen from the atmosphere. If hydrogen loss is significant, more oxygen may remain in the atmosphere. Instead of reacting with hydrogen to form water vapor. These reactions can lead to a buildup of oxygen over time. The research suggests that during the Ediacaran Period, the extremely weak magnetic field caused a loss of hydrogen over at least tens of millions of years. This loss may have led to increased oxygen in the atmosphere and ocean, enabling more advanced life forms to emerge. 1．What did the researchers aim to find out? A．The origin of multicellular organisms. B．The link between oxygen and ecosystems. C．The impact of Earth’s magnetic field on life. D．The effects of climate change on biodiversity. 2．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By analyzing evolution of Ediacaran fauna. B．By examining magnetism in ancient minerals. C．By modeling the atmospheric changes in the lab. D．By comparing different periods in Earth’s history. 3．What does the underlined phrase “strip away” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Remove. B．Cover. C．Gather. D．generate. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The significance of the research. B．A suggestion for further research. C．An analysis of the research method. D．An explanation for the research results. 3.（2026·江苏省无锡市六校联考） Ladakh, in the trans-Himalayas, with its vast, uninhabited and stunning landscapes, has fascinated me since my first visit 20 years ago. In 2011, my fifth time in Ladakh, the region’s raw beauty held an entirely different pull — one that seemed to hum with an ancient energy, a force I hadn’t noticed before. In the very bones of the land lay a collection of prehistoric carvings known as petroglyphs, the only remains of prehistoric human presence in the area. Seeing these carvings, I couldn’t shake the feeling that I was witnessing something far deeper than I had imagined. There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. Despite tough living conditions, these huntergatherers still found ways to convey their beliefs and observations through highly stylized forms, reflecting the deep artistic desire that has always been a part of the human — long before the rise of civilized society. As artist and anthropologist Desmond Morris put it, “It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances.” To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and creative range. It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. When the book — Speaking Stones: Rock Art of Ladakh — was named a finalist for the Banff Mountain Book Award in 2024, I was honored, but the recognition was secondary. My true reward was a deeper connection with time and nature through a vast unbroken string, binding us all together. 1．What drove the author to document the petroglyphs? A．The threat of regional progress. B．The appeal of amazing scenery. C．A search for thrilling experiences. D．A childhood bond with ancient art. 2．What can we learn from Morris’s quote in paragraph 3? A．Art is the mirror of nature. B．Art inspires human wisdom. C．Art is deeply rooted in humans. D．Art can’t exist without materials. 3．Which can best describe the process of creating the book? A．Systematic. B．Brain-tearing. C．Painstaking. D．Eventful. 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Tasting the Past: The Analysis of Petroglyph B．Written in Stone: Ladakh’s Timeless Artistry C．Guarding the Rocks: A Saver of Ladakh’s Heritage D．Carved by Time: A Record of Himalayan Geography 4.（2026·安徽省联考）At first, the rise of the 20-year-old rapper known as Ian Smith seems like a familiar story. Inspired by Atlanta rap music, he started self-releasing music on Sound Cloud, and became popular. In one video, he raps about Rolls-Royce, a luxurious car during a lovely outdoor lunch with his cousins and his grandma over glasses of red wine. In another, he searches through a bag in a common-looking kitchen for lip balm (唇膏), but unexpectedly pulls out thick piles of cash one after another. On Spotify, he has over 6 million monthly listeners. Between the summer of 2024 and the summer of 2025, he managed to double his followers on TikTok to over 1.2 million. This week, Ian released a new mix tape, “2005”, his 3rd full-length project, aiming to prove that he has staying power beyond his shock appeal. Self-taught by YouTube and Reddit, Ian Smith started producing music for other kids as a seventh-grader using his laptop and a simple piece of home recording equipment he bought at Guitar Center. “When I started rapping in the ninth grade, it was a top secret part of my life,” Ian says. “I was just afraid to share. Nobody knew.” Early in his freshman year at Clemson, he connected online with a producer, Sxprano, who shared a bunch of beats that Ian called “trap” and “hard” in their “own fashionable way”. When Ian sent back “Figure It Out”, a 94-second track that’s pure heady tough talk, he said Sxprano called him back, excited and very interested in its potential. He dropped out of school after his first semester. When Ian played the Chicago music festival Lollapalooza in August, the crowd of thousands seemed to know all the lyrics of “Oh Ok”. But they weren’t just rapping along to that song; they were rapping “word for word, every song” to the point where he had to pause his performance to check what was going on. “The response was shocking,” Ian adds, “I almost cried. As soon as I got on stage, this is so for real.” 1．What can be inferred from Ian’s two videos? A．They focus on family values. B．They show his true personality. C．They are creative and expensive. D．They mix ordinary and luxurious life. 2．Why are the numbers listed in paragraph 2? A．To tell the reason for Ian’s new release. B．To show Ian’s growing influence among the media. C．To prove Ian’s success in social media marketing. D．To stress the popularity of different platforms. 3．What can be learned about Ian from his education story? A．He was pressed to stay in college. B．He felt embarrassed about his music. C．He prioritized his music over college. D．He really valued formal music education. 4．What is highlighted in the last paragraph? A．Strong audience connection. B．Unique performance style. C．Rapid rise to reputation. D．Broad commercial appeal. 5.（2026·福建省百校联考）Last year, an estimated one in seven Americans participated in Dry January, a challenge to abstain from alcohol for a month. The idea is to detox (戒掉) from holiday alcohol excess (过量) and start the new year on a healthier note. The annual 31-day exercise began as a public health campaign in the United Kingdom about eight years ago and has been growing ever since. Dry January is a great strategy for improving your relationship with alcohol, says Keith Heinzerling, MD, internist and addiction medicine specialist at the Pacific Neuroscience Institute in Santa Monica, California. “Doing a ‘trial quit’ for a short period of time is easier for many people than going straight to total abstinence (节制),” he says. “Taking time away from drinking, even just for a few weeks, gives you a fresh perspective and the opportunity to break bad habits you may have with alcohol.” It doesn’t take long to start to see positive changes, according to Dr. Heinzerling. “Within just a few days of not drinking, your blood pressure and heart rate will be lower, and you’ll have improved blood sugar regulation, better sleep, and less anxiety and depression,” he says. Another bonus: Quitting alcohol often makes other good habits — exercise and healthy eating, for example — easier to start and maintain, which in turn leads to even more health benefits. For those who are concerned they might not be able to handle a month of not drinking, Dr. Heinzerling says a crucial sign is how you feel when you wake up in the morning. “People who wake up with withdrawal symptoms, irritability (易怒), sweating, shaking, and a strong need for a drink should not do Dry January or any detox program without medical supervision,” he says. For everyone — social drinkers and possible problem drinkers — one key to a positive Dry January is to see it not as a month of gritting (咬紧) your teeth and getting through it until you can drink again, but rather the start of a healthier lifestyle overall. What better way to start the new year? 1．What does the underlined “abstain from” mean in paragraph 1? A．Try out. B．Bring in. C．Give up. D．Cut down. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Pressure after less sleep. B．Importance of body exam. C．Changes after healthy eating. D．Advantages of quitting alcohol. 3．Which can best show the inference about Dry January from the last paragraph? A．A flash in the pan. B．A stepping stone. C．A wolf in sheep’s clothing. D．A bitter pill to swallow. 4．What is Keith Heinzerling’s attitude towards Dry January? A．Doubtful. B．Subjective. C．Supportive. D．Dismissive. 02主旨大意考点综合练 1.（2026·福建省福州市八县（市）协作校联考）Getting into arguments, whether with family or strangers online, can feel like debating with a wall. We are probably all guilty of thinking we’re right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon called the “illusion of information adequacy” is detailed in a recent psychology study. “Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety and stress,” said Angus Fletcher, a neurophysiologist at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see if they could be reduced.” Fletcher’s team surveyed 1,261 Americans online.Participants were divided into groups and given articles about a fictional factory. One group read only reasons for the factory to merge (合并) with another factory, another only reasons for staying separate, and a Control group read all the arguments.   They found that the majority of the groups who only read the pro- or anti-merging arguments believed they had enough information to make a good decision, and would follow the article’s recommendation, while about 55 and 45 percent of the control group recommended the factories merge or separate. The participants with the one-sided information also assumed that others would make the same decision they did. The team calls this belief the illusion of information adequacy, as Fletcher describes it, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs.” These findings add to research on naive realism, the belief that one’s subjective understanding is objective truth. While naive realism studies focus on different understandings of the same situation, Fletcher’s research shows people may share the same understanding, if given sufficient information.When the participants from the one-sided groups were asked to read all the arguments, some would change their minds. The mix of opinions was comparable to the control group - about 55 to 45 percent. “One of the best ways to fight the illusion of information adequacy when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I’m missing that would help me see their points better?’ This can help avoid unnecessary interpersonal conflict, allowing us to focus on working through key differences between ourselves and others,” said Fletcher. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The academic background of Angus Fletcher. B．The cause and effect of interpersonal conflicts. C．The importance of reducing misunderstandings. D．The significance and purpose of Fletcher’s study. 2．What were all three groups asked to do during the study? A．Defend their own views. B．Discuss before making decisions. C．Read the assigned arguments. D．Recommend the best article. 3．What does Fletcher’s research find? A．People with the same information make similar decisions. B．People from the control group are better decision-makers. C．People less informed are more likely to change their minds. D．People with partial information overestimate their judgments. 4．What does Fletcher suggest people do when disagreeing with others? A．Work through key differences together. B．Check for extra facts to understand others. C．Stop arguing to avoid interpersonal conflict. D．Get more evidence to support their own point. 2.（2026·广东省深圳市四校联考）Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter, according to a new Australian study published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagna (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equal to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product bar code and check its “Planetary Health Rating”, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive (强制的) display of a single, standardized sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded professor Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 1．What is the function of paragraph 2? A．To introduce Australians’ dietary habits. B．To set the stage for further explanation. C．To compare diets in different countries. D．To provide evidence for the author’s viewpoint. 2．What do the numbers listed in paragraph 3 emphasize? A．The influence of switching groceries. B．The total emission of Australia. C．The categories of foods. D．The food consumption of Australia. 3．What do we know about ecoSwitch? A．It checks the emissions of star products. B．It is a compulsory system for all supermarkets. C．It helps shoppers make wiser food choices. D．It is much-needed in developed countries. 4．What’s the best title of the text? A．EcoSwitch: A New Tool for Food Safety B．Food Choice: A Factor of Emission C．Grocery Shopping: A Cause of Environmental Crisis D．Food Swaps: An Approach to a Greener Future 3.（2026·广西壮族自治区桂林市十二县中学高三月考）As a surgeon, I’d reviewed hundreds of CT scans for colleagues, often writing down “Widely spreading disease-no role for surgery” on charts and moving on. But when I stared at my own scan-masses clouding the lungs and bending the spine (脊椎), a clear sign of cancer — I froze. At 36, I’d spent years guiding patients through gloomy expectations: with elderly, seriously ill patients, it felt manageable, but facing cancer myself, I ached for the clearness I’d once denied others. I’d long followed two rules with patients: be honest about the outcome of the disease but leave room for hope, and use vague yet accurate timelines like “weeks to a few months” instead of detailed statistics. We avoided using numbers, knowing patients often misinterpret them — after all, “70% survival” sounds better than “30% death” even if they’re the same. Yet when I sat with my cancer doctor, I begged for survival data, certain that my medical background let me handle it. She refused firmly: “Find what matters most to you.” I turned to research. Studies said 70-80% of lung cancer patients died within two years, but most were older smokers — I was 36 and never smoked. Friends shared stories of “miracle survivors” who’d lived a decade with the same cancer; I ignored them at first, but they got into my thoughts. Then a targeted pill, designed for my cancer’s genetic change, turned things around: I stopped using a walking stick, and hope started. Death’s certainty had once felt easier than uncertainty. Should I plan a funeral, write the book I’d dreamed of, or go back to work? I felt lost until Samuel Beckett’s words rang: “I can’t go on. I’ll go on.” Eight months later, my strength is back, and the cancer is getting better. I’ve returned to work, revisiting old written works and enjoying small moments. Every morning at 5:30, I wake next to my wife, thinking “I can’t go on.”— then I put on my work clothes and head to the operating room, finishing the thought: “I’ll go on.” I now know the worry of death can’t be fixed with numbers; what matters is living fully, not counting days. 1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A．The author accepted his cancer calmly. B．Most patients prefer unclear timelines. C．The author struggled more as a patient. D．Doctors often use white lies to give hope. 2．How did the author feel about “miracle survivors” stories at first? A．Doubtful. B．Shocked. C．Hopeful. D．Comforted. 3．Why does the author mention Samuel Beckett’s words? A．To express his sense of despair. B．To stress his decision to persevere. C．To question his treatment plan. D．To explain his feeling of confusion. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Rethinking My Precious Time B．What Matters in Miracle Survivors? C．Living Fully, Not Counting Days D．How Much Time Do I Have Left? 4.（2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）Forty years ago, Yin Yuzhen arrived at her new home in a vast desert in northern China. Her new house lay half buried under sand dunes. Strong winds howled, and terrible heat made life extremely difficult. While many people would have fled, Yuzhen chose to stay. “I would rather die planting trees than live buried by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong battle against the harsh environment. Yuzhen and her husband worked tirelessly to afford young trees. She slept only a few hours each night, her hands and arms covered in wounds from her hard work. After many trials, she finally found a successful method. She first planted shrubs and grasses to hold the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit trees inside. Slowly, her efforts paid off. The barren land transformed into a green oasis. Over four decades, she has turned over 70,000 acres of desert into woodland, becoming a symbol of China’s large-scale tree-planting project. Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and joined her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed a deep bond with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is a shared mission that connects people across borders. Yuzhen’s personal effort is part of a much larger picture. China is making significant progress in protecting the environment. In the past 20 years, a quarter of the world’s newly added green areas have come from China. The country has met its 2030 goals for forest growth and solar and wind power capacity years ahead of schedule. These achievements show China’s leading role and consistent commitment to a sustainable future. The message from Yuzhen’s story is profound: whether it is planting trees or developing clean energy, every effort shares the same vision. Green development is not just China’s choice, but its contribution to the entire planet. Challenges like sandstorms know no borders. By working together, humanity can create not only oases in the desert but also a greener, cleaner world for all. 1．What made Yin Yuzhen decide to stay in the desert instead of fleeing? A．Her husband’s strong encouragement. B．Her determination to fight desertification. C．The hope of making a living by planting. D．The attraction of having a home in sands. 2．Which of the following best describes Yin Yuzhen’s tree-planting method? A．Relying on green oases for irrigation water. B．Planting tall trees first to block strong winds. C．Focusing on fruit trees to improve economic benefits. D．Using a layered approach to stabilize and green the land. 3．Why is Donald Jones mentioned in the passage? A．To show the global influence of Yin Yuzhen’s story. B．To indicate cross-border relationships are easy to form. C．To introduce an effective tree-planting technique from the US. D．To explain the difficulty of international environmental cooperation. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．When Green Mission Crosses borders B．A Woman’s 40-Year War on the Desert C．China’s Green Efforts: Growing Hope for the Globe D．The Seed of Change: Personal Pursuit of Green Life 5.（2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks. This bidirectional link between body and mind, known as embodied cognition, shows that adopting “high-power” postures — open, expansive, and occupying space — can chemically and neurologically equip us for challenge. A 2025 study published in Nature Communications used a combination of fMRI brain scanning, hormone sampling, and behavioral economic games to trace this real-time effect. Researchers found that when participants held expansive postures for just two minutes, their brain activity shifted dramatically. There was increased connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (involved in planning and regulation) and the brain’s reward circuits, while activity in the amygdala (杏仁核), a key fear center, was reduced. “The brain doesn’t just command the body; the body’s posture sends immediate signals back that restructure the brain’s priorities from avoidance to approach,” explains the lead author. Currently, hormonal changes were measured: brief periods of “power posing” led to a mild increase in testosterone (linked to confidence) and a significant decrease in cortisol (linked to stress). This state is associated with resilience under pressure. In the following decision-making tasks, these participants were 28% more likely to choose a high-risk, high-reward option compared to those who had held contracted, low-power postures. This research has profound, immediate significance for high-risk moments in a student’s life — from walking into an important exam to preparing for a presentation. However, the lead researcher cautions that posture is a tool, not a magic trick. “The effect is real and physiological (生理的), but it works best as a short-term preparatory strategy to access a more resourceful state. It doesn’t replace competence or preparation, but it can ensure your biological state doesn’t weaken them.” The ultimate insight is one of control: we are not passive victims of our nervousness; we can use our own physiology as a gateway to access confidence, changing performance anxiety by starting with the body to influence the mind. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．High-power postures improve problem-solving skills. B．Confidence is mainly determined by internal psychology. C．Embodied cognition helps regulate brain-body interaction. D．Body posture directly influences people’s cognition and emotion. 2．What method was used in the 2025 study? A．Collecting self-reported psychological data. B．Measuring long-term hormone level changes. C．Combining neural scanning with behavioral tests. D．Tracking brain activity through daily posture monitoring. 3．The lead researcher may agree that power posing __________. A．can make up for lack of professional ability B．is a reliable way to build lasting confidence C．has slight real physiological effects on people D．serves as a temporary aid to actual competence 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Different body postures’ effects on physical health. B．The link between body posture and mental functioning. C．Scientific findings on mental stress reduction methods. D．Body language’s role in managing performance anxiety. Passage 1（主旨大意考点语篇练） （2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）Driverless taxis have turned from science fiction into daily reality in San Francisco and Shenzhen. Between April and June, Waymo completed 2.2 million autonomous trips in California — five times more than in 2024. Baidu delivered the same number across 16 Chinese cities, doubling its previous figures. These figures show a big change in city transport, promising safer roads and less traffic. But this future is limited to a few places. In most Western countries, rules block self-driving taxi services. This creates a sharp split between cities that welcome innovation and those stuck with old transport systems. The rules create two main problems. First, they slow down technical progress. American companies must get permission from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to build cars without pedals or steering wheels — parts humans don’t need when AI drives. The NHTSA also limits each company to only 2,500 such cars per year, blocking the large-scale rollout. Second, local laws directly stop robotaxi services. New York’s Taxi Commission bans autonomous vehicles from paid services. Boston lawmakers want a human safety operator in every car. In Europe, only a few countries allow testing. These cautious policies come from two fears: robotaxi might crash into people or cars and take away drivers’ jobs. Neither reason stands up to closer inspection. On safety, early data tells a different story. A study shows Waymo produces 88% fewer property- damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims than human drivers. While other companies need to prove similar results and testing remains limited to simpler cities, the numbers clearly point to safer roads. The job-loss argument also fails. While driver replacement worries are politically powerful — causing officials to set strict safety standards under protest pressure — the public interest must come first. In San Francisco, robotaxis mainly replace private cars, not traditional taxis. Demand for human-driven cabs has stayed steady as they remain more available during busy times, showing the two services complement rather than replace each other. Even with smart regulation, profit challenges remain. Each Waymo car costs $150,000 with its sensors and software. Mapping and testing may be too expensive for small European cities. Still, removing regulatory barriers would let companies expand, improve technology, and cut costs — benefiting consumers who want safer city transport. 1．What can be inferred from the data in paragraph 1? A．Baidu serves more cities than Waymo. B．Robotaxi technology is enjoying vigorous growth. C．Robotaxis dominate urban transport in the US and China. D．Waymo’s annual growth rate is five times that of Baidu’s. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Background details on robotaxi services. B．Future trends in transportation regulation. C．Specific obstacles from relevant regulations. D．Comparisons of different robotaxi companies. 3．What does the underlined word “complement” in paragraph 5 mean? A．supplement. B．Resemble. C．Conflict. D．Substitute. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the development of robotaxi services? A．Favorable. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Unbiased. Passage 2（主旨大意考点语篇练） （2026·山西省太原市第五中学等校联考）High school students dug deep into their studies this summer, participating in the Youth Leadership Program of Green Village Initiative (GVI) while also earning college credits from Housatonic Community College (HCC). The new and original partnership between the two organizations allowed students to earn four college credits in Biology and immerse themselves in the lively learning environment of GVI’s Reservoir Community Farm. Eight students, aged 14 — 18, participated in the strict eight-week program. For six days each week, students attended online learning while taking HCC’s Plants and Civilization Course. The farm served as an outdoor lab for the class, where students learned about the process of seed to table, food access and sustainability, food deserts, food justice and more. “Students learn better when they’re getting their hands dirty,” said Ofonime Udo-Okon, manager of GVI’s Youth Leadership Program. “HCC is setting an example as to what integrated learning can look like.” On Bridgeport’s only urban educational farm, the students, who all either live or attend school in Bridgeport, were transformed into young food leaders. Through their studies and hands-on instruction, each learned their role in the food system, and how to make a positive change. “I wanted to be in the program so I can give back to the community,” said Sariah Cohen, a 15-year-old sophomore at Bridgeport’s Central High School. “I like the practice that we provide the community with fresh, inexpensive food.” GVI’s Youth Leadership Program is rooted in food justice, addressing the reality that low-income people are severely impacted by food insecurity, poor access to nutritious food, and the resulting diet-related illnesses. The program teaches young people how to take action to remove food barriers and provide access to healthy produce for Bridgeport’s community. “GVI is a jewel in the city that can sustain our future,” said Robin Avant, HCC’s Dean of Academic Affairs. “Seeing the youth deeply embedded in soil is remarkable. As they grow crops, the students are growing their independent knowledge and experiences, while building agriculture sustainability plans that are critical to food justice.” 1．How does the partnership between GVI and HCC benefit the students? A．It offers students the chance to study abroad. B．It encourages cooperation among learners. C．It teaches students abundant knowledge about food insecurity. D．It combines online learning with hands-on experience. 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A．Students prefer working the land to learning in class. B．Students need to wash their hands before entering the lab. C．Active engagement and real-life experience help learning. D．Working on a farm teaches students important life skills. 3．What is the main concern that GVI’s Youth Leadership Program aims to address? A．Discrimination against poor people. B．Uneven accessibility to healthy food. C．Research on nutrition-related issues. D．Income inequality among different jobs. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The far-reaching impact of GVI. B．The commercial value of GVI. C．The rapid development of GVI. D．The extensive popularity of GVI. Passage 3（主旨大意考点语篇练） （2026·辽宁省协作校第二次考试）Fire kills nearly 3, 700 Americans yearly and destroys $23 billion in property, often because traditional smoke detectors fail to warn residents timely — leaving little time to escape or call for help. Now, NYU Tandon School of Engineering’s NYU Fire Research Group has developed an AI system to boost fire safety, using existing security cameras to detect fires and smoke in real time. Published in IEEE Internet of Things, the system analyzes video footage, identifying fires in 0.016 seconds per frame — faster than a human blink (眨眼) — to give vital extra minutes for evacuation and emergency response. Unlike conventional detectors, which need heavy smoke buildup and close proximity to activate, it spots early-stage fires via video alone, even before flames spread widely. Concerning statistics highlight the urgent need: 11% of residential fire deaths happen where detectors failed — either due to malfunction or total absence. To make matters worse, modern building materials and open floor plans make fires spread 2-3 times faster than in older structures, with structural collapse times greatly reduced. The team used an overall approach, combining multiple advanced AI algorithms (算法) to cut false alarms — a critical factor, as false alerts waste emergency resources. Multiple algorithms must agree to confirm a fire. Trained on a custom dataset covering the National Fire Protection Association’s five fire classes (from ordinary combustibles to electrical and cooking fires) , the best model hit 80. 6% accuracy. Temporal analysis, which tracks how fire regions change across video frames, removes false alarms with 92. 6% accuracy, “Real fires are dynamic — growing, shifting shape,” noted Professor Sunil Kumar. Cloud-based, the system uses existing CCTV (闭路电视) ; cameras stream raw video to servers for AI analysis. On detection, it automatically generates video clips and sends real-time alerts via email and text — no costly hardware upgrades, a strength for widespread use. It can integrate with drones (无人机) to spot remote wildfires early and firefighters’ tools to enhance safety. Beyond fire, the team says it may adapt to security threats or medical emergencies, expanding safety monitoring. 1．What can we know about the fire in America from the text? A．It has caused massive damage. B．It seems less destructive currently. C．It primarily affects old buildings at large. D．It takes lots of effort to put out it. 2．Which of the following best describes the system? A．Time-consuming. B．Extremely costly. C．Good-looking. D．Highly efficient. 3．What does the team intend to emphasize about the system in the last paragraph? A．Its safety rules in use. B．Its potential application. C．Its demand for software. D．Its possible weaknesses. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．The Threat of Fire B．AI Powers Fire Security C．The Rise of Drones D．AI Gives Early Warning Passage 4 （2026·湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学月考）For the past year, I’ve managed CRM with a workmate who never sleeps, never rests, and has read more than I could in 100 lifetimes. In daily meetings, I ask it to analyze competitors, improve speeches, or find hidden strategic blind spots. This workmate is my AI agent, and we work together constantly. We are entering the agentic age, the biggest transformation in work history. For the first time, machines can perform not only repetitive tasks but also mental work once reserved for humans. These AI agents — able to think, adapt, and act on their own — are already changing thousands of companies and will ultimately affect every job and person. As a tech company CEO, I believe this technology can bring huge economic growth and new businesses. It can also improve healthcare, education, and daily life. Yet some experts predict AI will soon reach“artificial general intelligence (AGI)”, matching or being smarter than humans and making people’s skills useless. There I disagree. AI like large language models (LLMs) is powerful but has limits. The biggest advances will come from AI agents that use LLMs and data to understand businesses and drive outcomes. However, there will always be frontiers only humans can cross. AI has no childhood, no heart. It does not love or feel loss. Because of that, it’s incapable of expressing true empathy or understanding human connection. Those are our superpowers: the forces that spark great inventions, that inspire artistic masterpieces, and that enable us to read a room, earn trust, and build lasting bonds. The critical question for leaders is not just what AI can do, but what role we choose for it. At CRM, we’ve made our choice. We are building a new operating system for businesses. It is designed for humans and AI to work together effectively. This is fundamentally changing the way we work. Since the end of last year, for example, customer-service agents managed by our employees have carried out more than 1.3 million conversations, resolving 85% of incoming queries. That’s giving our teams more time to deepen relationships with customers to ensure they’ re getting the most from our products. This is what it means to weave AI into the fabric of business. It’s not about overlaying a new technology on old workflows. It’s about empowering people, restoring time and energy for what matters most. 1．Why is the agentic age the biggest transformation in work history? A．AI becomes smarter than humans. B．AI has replaced most human workers. C．AI can now handle physical tasks efficiently. D．AI is performing once human-only mental tasks. 2．What are “our superpowers” in Paragraph 4? A．Skills that AI can learn from data. B．Human abilities to create and lead. C．Qualities AI gained through training. D．Talents for understanding businesses. 3．What is the primary function of the example provided in Paragraph 6? A．To predict the future of the company. B．To illustrate the effect of human-AI cooperation. C．To highlight the challenges in trying new technology. D．To explain the technical process of building an AI system. 4．Which of the following best serves as the title of the text? A．The AI Agent: A Growing Threat. B．The AI Agent: A Powerful Workforce. C．The Agentic Age: A Future Run by AI. D．The Agentic Age: A Human-AI Partnership. Passage 5 （2026·辽宁省协作校高三第二次考试）China has achieved a major breakthrough in renewable energy by launching a world-record floating wind turbine (涡轮机). Developed by state- owned China Huaneng Group and Dongfang Electric Corporation, this new turbine can generate 17 megawatts (MW) of electricity each year — enough to power about 40, 000 households. This innovation could greatly expand the use of wind energy worldwide, helping countries move away from fossil fuels. Unlike traditional offshore wind turbines, which are fixed to the seabed in shallow waters, this floating model can be placed in deep ocean areas where winds are stronger and more steady. The turbine stands 152 meters tall, with blades spanning 262 meters. Each rotation (旋转) covers an area the size of 7.5 standard soccer fields, making it highly efficient. By producing more power per turbine, this design reduces the number of turbines needed, cutting costs and speeding up the setup of new wind farms. It is also built to survive tough ocean conditions, including waves over 24 meters high and typhoons at level 17. The turbine will soon undergo testing off the coast of Yangjiang in southern China. If successful, it could be used in deep-water regions around the globe. Most of the world’s offshore wind potential lies in deep water — about 80% — where fixed-bottom turbines cannot be used. This makes floating technology imperative for the future of wind energy. Countries like Japan, which aims to develop up to 45 gigawatts of offshore wind by 2040, could benefit greatly from this technology. Floating wind power represents a key step toward a cleaner energy future. It allows more countries to access steady, powerful wind resources far from shore, supporting energy independence and reducing carbon emissions. This Chinese-built turbine is not just an engineering achievement — it offers a practical solution for generating large amounts of clean energy in places once considered unsuitable for wind farms. As the world looks for ways to fight climate change, innovations like this will play an important role in building a sustainable future. 1．What can we infer about the new floating wind turbine? A．It may contribute to global sustainable energy. B．It is an end result of international cooperation. C．It can provide electricity for 6, 300 homes daily. D．It will mainly generate power for coastal cities. 2．How does the new turbine differ from traditional ones? A．It can use winds in deep ocean areas. B．It is more affordable to construct. C．It requires minimal maintenance. D．It is fixed to the seabed in shallow seas. 3．What does the underlined word “imperative” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Standard. B．Vital. C．Distant. D．unrealistic. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How a new power source is being looked into. B．Why traditional wind turbines are low in productivity. C．What China’s breakthrough is in wind energy technology. D．Where some countries are competing for renewable energy. 阅读理解之主旨大意 1.(2025·北京卷·阅读理解C) Not too long ago, on a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no. The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll (翻屏) for an extra 30 minutes. The parent argued that none of her friends’ parents let them have screens after 9 o’clock. “I thought, in this family, we don’t compare ourselves with other people, Dad?” the teenager replied. The parent — who was me, by the way — just got served. Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people. I have argued countless times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”. Although my daughter didn’t win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. In my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed (利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work. The social comparisons we make — ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves — are vital to our ability to thrive (成长). Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts. Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don’t, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances, or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views — for example, “Wow, things could be much worse; I’m doing great.” What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances. How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison. That’s something we all have control over. 28．How did the author feel about his daughter’s argument? A．Excited. B．Inspired. C．Energized. D．Relieved. 29．What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Major achievements. B．Complex feelings. C．Significant impacts. D．Fine differences. 30．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit B．Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties C．Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble D．Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science 2.(2025·天津第一次卷·阅读理解D) Ask most people what “the good life” involves, and they will likely draw up a rapid list of goods — money, friendship, a rewarding career, etc. Even Aristotle, who believed that the key to happiness is the cultivation (培养) and exercise of virtue, still thought certain goods were either necessary conditions for happiness or were goods that came to virtuous people. If we’re comparing how happy various people’s lives are, it seems natural to look for certain goods, and compare who has more of them. Let’s imagine the lives of two actors, Toby and Ybot. Toby struggles to get work for many years, suffering all sorts of difficulties. He becomes a famous and wealthy actor, and wins an Oscar for his final movie before retiring. Ybot, however, wins an Oscar for his very first film role. But over time he becomes less famous and less well paid, and he begins to suffer difficulties. In the end, he retires as a nobody. These two actors’ lives, like their names, are mirror-images. Toby and Ybot both seem to lead lives of equal net worth. Yet most of us would think that the ordering of these goods does make a decisive difference to how we compare Toby and Ybot’s careers. Someone who climbs a mountain will experience more struggle than someone who gets carried to the peak by bus, but the climber will also have a sense of accomplishment the other person may well envy. In that sense, we might think Toby’s life is better because his highs seem more well-earned than Ybot’s do. But that’s not the whole story. The narrative (叙述) itself seems to make a difference. A life of early success followed by decline seems like a less overall successful life than one where success comes later in the day. Where the story ends seems to matter in itself. We value happy endings, not just happy moments. This immediate judgment finds expression in what’s been called the “shape of life” hypothesis (假说). On this view, living a good life is not simply about having the right kind of experiences or life-events, but of having them in the right order. The hypothesis suggests that our lives are not simply bags into which we stuff good things and bad things. The type of life — the narrative of that life-story — matters too. Without the right shape, even a life full of wondrous things can end up as a tale we’d prefer not to live out. 51．What can be learned about Aristotle’s view on happiness? A．Goods contribute to happiness. B．Virtuous people may not be happy. C．Too many goods reduce happiness. D．Happy people care less about goods. 52．According to the author, what do both Toby and Ybot experience? A．They start from a humble beginning. B．They reach the same height in career. C．They recover from the same sufferings. D．They retire with honour from the film industry. 53．What does the author try to convey with the example of mountain climbing? A．Easy success is often envied. B．There are various paths to success. C．Fierce struggle is vital to success. D．Hard-earned success is treasured more. 54．In writing Paragraph 4, the author tries to________. A．introduce another topic B．draw a conclusion C．further an argument D．provide new evidence 55．What could be the best title for the passage? A．To Shape Your Life with Good Deeds. B．Defining the Shape of a Good Life. C．The Essential Components of Good Life. D．How We Can Have a Good Shape of Life. 3. (2024全国甲卷B篇) Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals（声音）that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators（食肉动物）. Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it! 27. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Tips on Finding a Smart Cat B. Understanding Your Cat's Behavior C. Have Fun with Your Cat D. How to Keep Your Cat Healthy 5.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’ re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 35．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C．The Later, the Better D．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups 6.(2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解D篇) According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 35．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development 7.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) C篇 We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. 8.（2024·北京卷）D Franz Boas’s description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. Here, norms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understood and taken to heart. Dishonest and violent behaviours were disapproved of; leadership, marriage and interactions with other groups were loosely governed by traditions. Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense. The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world. The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong. Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. 32. What can be inferred about the forming of the Inuit’s moral code? A. Living conditions were the drive. B. Unwritten rules were the target. C. Social tradition was the basis. D. Honesty was the key. 33. What can we learn from this passage? A. Inconveniences are the cause of telling lies. B. Basic human needs lead to universal norms. C. Language capacity is limited by self-control. D. Written laws have great influence on virtues. 34. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Virtues: Bridges Across Cultures B. The Values of Self-discipline C. Brains: Walls Against Chaos D. The Roots of Morality 9.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解C篇节选） Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 31．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 10.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解B篇） Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden programme at four low-income schools. The programme aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighbourhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the programme’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” (　)27.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Rescuing school gardens B.Experiencing country life C.Growing vegetable lovers D.Changing local landscape 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解之主旨大意 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01主旨大意综合练（原创&最新模拟） 题型02主旨大意综合练（最新模拟&原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（阅读理解） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1.（2026·江苏省扬州市七校月考）John Hartnett’s path to becoming a skilled furniture restorer was unexpected. Unlike many of his classmates who thrived (取得成功) in traditional academic settings, John often felt out of place. “I wasn’t a bad student, but I didn’t connect with how things were taught,” he says. He believed his future was somewhere else, but he didn’t know where until a school woodworking project sparked (激发) a deep and immediate passion within him. This initial interest led him to pursue formal training in furniture making and restoration. It was during this period that he truly understood the depth of the craft. He learned not only the skills but also the patience and respect for the material. For John, restoration was far more than simple repair; it was a process of uncovering history. Each piece of furniture, with its unique scratches and wear, told a story of past times. He felt a sense of responsibility to preserve these stories for the future. After finishing his training, John started his own workshop. His days are now spent bringing damaged and aging furniture back to its former glory. The work is challenging, requiring careful analysis and a steady hand. However, the greatest reward comes from the emotional connection he builds with his clients. Often, they bring items of great emotional value — a grandmother’s favorite chair or a table around which a family has gathered for decades. Seeing their joyful reactions upon seeing a cherished piece restored is, for John, the most satisfying part of his job. Looking back, John feels he has found his true calling. He has built a meaningful career by doing the work he truly loves, combining his hands-on skill with a deep appreciation for history and family memories. He believes that in our fast-paced world, the act of restoring and valuing well-made old objects is a powerful statement. It’s a reminder of quality, sustainability, and the lasting stories that connect us all. 1．Why did John often feel out of place in traditional academic settings? A．He was not good at his lessons at school B．He couldn’t adapt to the teaching methods C．He had a strong passion for woodworking D．He wanted to pursue a career in furniture restoration 2．What can we learn about furniture restoration from Paragraph 2? A．It only requires basic repair skills B．It helps preserve historical stories C．It is a simple and easy craft D．It focuses on material replacement 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about John’s work? A．It mainly focuses on repairing expensive furniture B．The emotional satisfaction outweighs the technical challenges C．Clients often complain about the high cost of restoration D．It requires little skill but much patience 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．A Passion for Woodworking: John’s School Project B．From Misfit to Master: A Furniture Restorer’s Journey C．The Challenges of Furniture Restoration D．Preserving History Through Family Memories 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了John Hartnett从一个在传统学术环境中不适应的学生，通过一次学校木工项目激发了对木工和家具修复的热爱，最终成为了一名技艺精湛的家具修复师的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike many of his classmates who thrived (取得成功) in traditional academic settings, John often felt out of place. ‘I wasn’t a bad student, but I didn’t connect with how things were taught,’ he says. (与许多在传统学术环境中茁壮成长的同学不同，John常常感到格格不入。‘我不是一个坏学生，但我不认同教学方式，’他说。)”可知，John在传统学术环境中常常感到格格不入是因为他不认同教学方式，即他无法适应传统的教学方法。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“For John, restoration was far more than simple repair; it was a process of uncovering history. Each piece of furniture, with its unique scratches and wear, told a story of past times. He felt a sense of responsibility to preserve these stories for the future. (对John来说，修复远不止是简单的修理；这是一个发现历史的过程。每一件家具，都有其独特的划痕和磨损，讲述着过去的故事。他觉得有责任为未来保存这些故事。)”可知，家具修复不仅是对物品的修复，更是对历史故事的保存和传承。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“The work is challenging, requiring careful analysis and a steady hand. However, the greatest reward comes from the emotional connection he builds with his clients. Often, they bring items of great emotional value — a grandmother’s favorite chair or a table around which a family has gathered for decades. Seeing their joyful reactions upon seeing a cherished piece restored is, for John, the most satisfying part of his job. (这项工作很有挑战性，需要仔细的分析和稳定的手。然而，最大的回报来自于他与客户建立的情感联系。他们经常带来具有巨大情感价值的物品——祖母最喜欢的椅子或一家人围坐了几十年的桌子。看到他们看到心爱的物品被修复后的喜悦反应，对John来说，这是他工作中最令人满意的部分。)”可知，John的工作虽然具有挑战性，但最大的回报来自于与客户建立的情感联系，看到他们心爱的物品被修复后的喜悦反应，这对他来说是最令人满意的部分。由此可推断，情感上的满足感超过了技术上的挑战。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“John Hartnett’s path to becoming a skilled furniture restorer was unexpected. (John Hartnett成为一名技艺精湛的家具修复师的道路是出乎意料的。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了John Hartnett从一个在传统学术环境中不适应的学生，通过一次学校木工项目激发了对木工和家具修复的热爱，最终成为了一名技艺精湛的家具修复师的故事。 B选项“From Misfit to Master: A Furniture Restorer’s Journey (从格格不入到大师：一个家具修复师的旅程)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 2.（2026·山东省大联考）From the world’s last seven to a global population of more than 5,000, China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) from the edge of extinction. With its typical red crest and face, as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers, the crested ibis is known as the “Oriental Gem” in China. They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting, ecological damage, and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction. In 1981, the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County, northwest China’s Shaanxi Province, and deep in the Qinling Mountains, making Qinling, a natural boundary between China’s north and south, the “Noah’s Ark (诺亚方舟) ” of the wild bird. Since 1981, the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species, prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas, cutting down trees where they nest, using chemicals in their food-finding areas, and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises, sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds’ living areas. China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and has bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi. Years of constant effort have brought promising results. It is estimated that there are more than 5,000 crested ibises in the world now, and about half of them live in Shaanxi. The bird’s habitat in China has risen from less than five square kilometres in 1981 to the current 15,000 km². “It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying around,” said Zan Linsen, head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. “The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection.” 1．Why are the Qinling Mountains so important for crested ibises? A．They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises. B．They are where crested ibises were first found. C．They protect crested ibises from natural enemies. D．They are the only breeding area of crested ibises. 2．What can we conclude from the fourth paragraph? A．It's legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County. B．Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially. C．The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises. D．Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises. 3．How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation of crested ibises? A．Proud and ambitious. B．Relieved and happy. C．Sorry and regretful. D．Shocked and curious. 4．Which could be a suitable title for the text? A．Artificial Breeding of Crested Ibises in China B．Rare Animals in China: Crested Ibises C．Crested Ibises Found Again in the Qinling Mountains D．Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。40年保护，朱鹮归来！ 从独孤七只到千鹮竞翔，从秦岭飞向世界，从踪迹难觅到近在咫尺，中国创造了生态保护的经典范例。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“In 1981, the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County, northwest China’s Shaanxi Province, and deep in the Qinling Mountains, making Qinling, a natural boundary between China’s north and south, the “Noah’s Ark (诺亚方舟) ” of the wild bird. (1981年，世界上的朱鹮只剩下7只，这些朱鹮只在中国西北陕西省阳县和秦岭山脉深处发现，使秦岭这个中国南北自然边界成为野鸟的“诺亚方舟”。)”可知，1981年，世界上的最后7 只朱鹮在秦岭地区被发现，这一地区是朱鹮的“诺亚方舟”，即最后的栖息地。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Since 1981, the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species, prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas, cutting down trees where they nest, using chemicals in their food-finding areas, and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises, sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds’ living areas. China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and has bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi. (自1981年以来，阳县当地政府提出了四项保护物种的禁令，禁止在鸟类的生活区狩猎，砍伐它们筑巢的树木，在它们寻找食物的区域使用化学品，以及在它们的繁殖区域开枪。中国政府安排了专项资金来保护朱鹮的栖息地，在朱鹮的栖息地封山植树。中国于1991年开始人工繁殖朱鹮，目前已在陕西繁殖了400多只朱鹮。)”可知，中央政府和地方政府出台了一系列保护措施， 这对挽救濒临灭绝的朱鹮起到了至关重要的作用。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying around,” said Zan Linsen, head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. “The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection.” (陕西林业科学研究院院长昝林森说：“很幸运，朱鹮这种古老的鸟类现在还在飞来飞去。”“朱鹮的保护故事不仅向我们展示了古代生命的力量，也向我们展示了生态环境保护的必要性和紧迫性。”)”可知，他对朱鹮保护事业的成功感到欣慰和高兴。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“From the world’s last seven to a global population of more than 5,000, China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) from the edge of extinction. (从世界上最后的7只到全球5000多只，中国花了近40年的时间把朱鹮从灭绝的边缘救了回来。)”可知，本文主要讲述了濒危鸟类朱鹮在中国成功实现种群恢复的故事。故D项“Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback (濒临灭绝的朱鹮卷土重来)”符合题意。故选D。 3.（2026·四川省乐山市高三第一次调研）Autumn leaves may be beautiful on trees, though they become annoying once they cover the ground. Although regular raking (耙) keeps your yard clean, it often upsets you when most leaves come from a neighbor’s tree. This presents a common problem: what should you do when your neighbor’s tree litters your yard? Some people have gathered these leaves and put the pile back onto the neighbor’s yard, calling it a return to the “rightful owner.” A video of such an act caused heated debate on TikTok. Supporters believe it is the tree’s owner who should take responsibility for the leaves. “He has NO trees. He’s just returning what belongs to his neighbor.” However, many people view the action as downright rude. “Welcome to Earth, where trees are all around the neighborhood,” one comment read. Another person added, “If he went through the trouble of gathering them, then dumping (倾倒) over the fence is completely inconsiderate and unacceptable.” Manners expert Jodi RR Smith points out that having neighbors means sharing both the good and bad sides of nearby trees.” Leaves that fall on your land are your duty to handle, just as you can enjoy the tree’s shade in summer, “ she noted, “the same idea applies to fruit from branches over your yard.” Instead, she suggests having a friendly talk with the neighbor. They may not even be aware of the issue and once they find the problem, they might offer to help with cleanup costs. Or, if you’ re OK with some temporary yard mess, you don’t even need to rake your leaves in the first place. The United States Department of Agriculture says that leaves on the ground can create an ideal habitat for animals like lizards, insects, and frogs. Either way, it is usually best to keep your yard tidy and clean up the leaves — no matter where from. 1．What might be the reason for some people to put the leaves back to their neighbors? A．To keep their own yard clean. B．To help the neighbor rake the litters. C．To make some eye-catching TikTok videos. D．To remind the tree’s owner to be responsible. 2．What does the underline word “downright” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Hardly. B．Slightly. C．Properly. D．Totally. 3．What does Jodi RR Smith recommend? A．Build a fence wall. B．Take fruit from the tree. C．Speak to the neighbor. D．Dump the leaves back. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Are You Responsible for Your Neighbor’ s Leaves? B．Handling Neighbor Issues with Kindness C．Should You Make a Video of Your Leaf Problem? D．Letting Leaves Lie: An Eco-Friendly Choice 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了邻居的树落叶到自家院子里的问题，以及人们对此的不同看法和应对方式。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Supporters believe it is the tree’s owner who should take responsibility for the leaves.(支持者认为，树的主人应该对树叶负责。)”可知，有些人把树叶还给邻居是为了提醒树的主人要负责任。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据下文““Welcome to Earth, where trees are all around the neighborhood,” one comment read. Another person added, “If he went through the trouble of gathering them, then dumping (倾倒) over the fence is completely inconsiderate and unacceptable.”(一条评论写道：“欢迎来到地球，这社区里到处都是树。”另一个人补充道：“既然他都费力气把落叶收集起来了，那再把它们倒过栅栏，就是完全不顾及他人，而且令人无法接受。”)”可知，很多人认为这种行为完全粗鲁无礼。由此可知，downright意为“完全地”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段“Instead, she suggests having a friendly talk with the neighbor.(相反，她建议与邻居友好交谈。)”可知，Jodi RR Smith建议与邻居友好交谈。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“This presents a common problem: what should you do when your neighbor’s tree litters your yard.(这提出了一个常见的问题：当邻居的树把你的院子弄得乱七八糟时，你该怎么办？)”可知，文章主要讨论的是你是否要为邻居的树叶负责。A项“你对邻居的落叶负责吗？”适合用作标题，故选A。 4.（2026·陕西省铜川市高三一模）The human body is one big energy factory. Calories go in and they power our organs and muscles, generating a large amount of heat. Simply going for a walk could generate 163 watts of power, but the big challenge is working out how to turn this into usable energy. Scientists are exploring lots of innovative ways to harness human power, and one method involves piezoelectricity (压电效应), which can be produced from the pressure applied to a surface through motions such as walking. When pressure is applied to an object containing atoms or molecules (分子) arranged in a very orderly way, also known as crystals, the charges are forced out of balance. The compressed (被压缩的) side gains a positive charge while the opposite develops a negative charge, and when the pressure is relieved, an electric current flows between them, which can be stored and used as a power source. Although this is proven to work, it only generates a very small amount of electricity, unfortunately insufficient for powering most electronic devices. Scientists have also uncovered a way to generate electricity from clothes. Using nylon fibres, a group of researchers from the University of Bath, the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Germany, and the University of Coimbra in Portugal have made a breakthrough. Scientists have been aware of the piezoelectric properties of nylon since the late 1900s, but until November 2020, the potential of its ability to generate electricity was not realized. In its raw form, nylon is a white powder that can be put into a large number of other products, like packaging and clothing, but on its own, it can be transformed into piezoelectric fibres. Although the technology is still in its early stage of development, the hope is that our clothes will one day charge our devices. For example, just walking in a shirt woven with piezoelectric fibers could generate enough electrical charge for a battery. 1．What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Store. B．Use. C．Generate. D．Charge. 2．What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The drawbacks of piezoelectricity. B．The design of piezoelectricity study. C．The theoretical bases for piezoelectricity. D．The difficulty in powering electronic devices. 3．Why do scientists experiment with nylon in their study? A．It is readily available. B．It is a low-cost product. C．It is environmentaly friendly. D．It is a multi-purpose material. 4．What is author’s attitude towards the prospect of turning human power into usable energy? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Optimistic. D．Dismissive. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家探索利用人体能量的方法，包括压电效应的原理、局限及尼龙纤维发电的相关研究与应用前景。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Scientists are exploring lots of innovative ways to harness human power, and one method involves piezoelectricity (压电效应), which can be produced from the pressure applied to a surface through motions such as walking.(科学家们正在探索许多创新的方法来harness人体能量，其中一种方法涉及压电效应，这种效应可以通过行走等动作作用于物体表面产生的压力来实现。)”可知，科学家探索的是将人体运动产生的能量转化为可用能源的办法，“harness”在此处意为“利用”，与“use”意思相近。故选B项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“When pressure is applied to an object containing atoms or molecules (分子) arranged in a very orderly way, also known as crystals, the charges are forced out of balance. The compressed (被压缩的) side gains a positive charge while the opposite develops a negative charge, and when the pressure is relieved, an electric current flows between them, which can be stored and used as a power source.(当压力施加在含有排列非常整齐的原子或分子的物体上时，也就是我们所说的晶体，电荷会被迫失去平衡。被压缩的一侧带正电，另一侧带负电，当压力解除时，电流会在它们之间流动，这些电流可以被储存起来作为电源。)”可知，该段主要阐述了压电效应产生电能的理论原理。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In its raw form, nylon is a white powder that can be put into a large number of other products, like packaging and clothing, but on its own, it can be transformed into piezoelectric fibres.(尼龙的原始形态是一种白色粉末，可以被制成许多其他产品，如包装材料和服装，同时它本身也能被转化为压电纤维。)”可知，尼龙是一种用途广泛的材料，这也是科学家选择用它做实验的原因。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Although the technology is still in its early stage of development, the hope is that our clothes will one day charge our devices. For example, just walking in a shirt woven with piezoelectric fibers could generate enough electrical charge for a battery.(尽管这项技术仍处于早期发展阶段，但人们希望有一天我们的衣服能够为电子设备充电。例如，穿着用压电纤维织成的衬衫行走，就可能产生足够给电池充电的电量。)”可知，作者对人体能量转化为可用能源的前景抱有积极期待，态度是乐观的。故选C项。 5.（2026·陕西省铜川市高三一模）Do you ever wake up with a fuzzy feeling in your head, can’t concentrate on anything, or find your memory just isn’t working as it should? You’re not alone. 39% of British people said they suffer from brain fog on a regular basis in a Future You Cambridge study. But why do we get brain fog, and can we do anything to prevent it? The technical word for brain fog is cognitive impairment. When you have it, you can’t think as clearly as you normally can — just as if your brain were actually full of fog. Dr Brennan, a neuroscientist and author, says “Brain fog is different from these short-term disruptions (扰乱), because it occurs regularly and can interfere (影响)with the quality of your life, your relationships, and your work”. The reality is that no one knows exactly what causes it, though theories include chemical or blood flow changes in the brain, and low-level inflammation. What we do know are factors that make it worse. Fatigue (疲劳), for example, is a key contributor to brain fog, making it hard to stay focused. This is because sleep deficiency can change activity in some parts of the brain, which means processing and recalling details becomes harder. Pain and anxiety can also contribute to it — they interfere with cognitive speed because they are distracting. There are also medical conditions that can make it worse. So, if you’re suffering from brain fog, what can you do to fix it? One thing you can do is avoid ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Dr Megan Rossi, the founder of The Gut Health Doctor, told the BBC that “UPFs are often low in essential nutrients like magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids and iron, all of which are crucial for brain function and mental clarity”. Therefore, we should pack our diets with nutrient-rich foods like whole grains, vegetables and healthy fats. Blueberries are particularly rich in polyphenols and have been shown to improve cognitive function and memory in clinical trials. So, if you feel a bit foggy, try to get more sleep and consider making some changes to your diet. 1．How does the author prove the issue in the first paragraph? A．By throwing a question. B．By quoting statistics. C．By defining a concept. D．By making comparisons. 2．What characterizes brain fog? A．It worsens in a short time. B．It affects blood flow changes. C．It facilitates abnormal behavior. D．It causes negative effects regularly. 3．What is paragraph 3 intended to do? A．List contributors to brain fog. B．Describe symptoms of brain fog. C．Justify the struggle with brain fog. D．Offer medical treatment for brain fog. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The science behind sleep and brain fog B．How to cure brain fog with medication C．Brain fog: causes, effects, and dietary solutions D．The role of ultra-processed foods in modern life 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了脑雾这一常见现象，解释了其专业定义和核心特征，分析了加剧脑雾的各类因素，并提出了通过调整饮食改善脑雾的解决方案。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“39% of British people said they suffer from brain fog on a regular basis in a Future You Cambridge study.(在剑桥未来自我研究中，39%的英国人表示他们经常遭受脑雾困扰)”可知，作者通过引用具体统计数据，证明脑雾是一个普遍存在的问题。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dr Brennan, a neuroscientist and author, says “Brain fog is different from these short-term disruptions (扰乱), because it occurs regularly and can interfere (影响) with the quality of your life, your relationships, and your work”.(神经科学家、作家布伦南博士说：“脑雾与这些短期扰乱不同，因为它会定期发生，并可能影响你的生活质量、人际关系和工作。”)”可知，脑雾的核心特征是定期发生且会造成负面影响。故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Fatigue (疲劳), for example, is a key contributor to brain fog, making it hard to stay focused. This is because sleep deficiency can change activity in some parts of the brain, which means processing and recalling details becomes harder. Pain and anxiety can also contribute to it — they interfere with cognitive speed because they are distracting. There are also medical conditions that can make it worse.(例如，疲劳是导致脑雾的关键因素，会让人难以保持专注。这是因为睡眠不足会改变大脑某些区域的活动，进而导致处理和回忆细节变得更加困难。疼痛和焦虑也可能引发脑雾 —— 由于它们会分散人的注意力，因此会影响认知速度。此外，一些疾病也可能会加剧这一状况)”可知，该段旨在列举加剧脑雾的各类因素。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段引出脑雾现象并说明其普遍性；第二段解释脑雾的专业定义和核心特征，提及可能成因；第三段列举加剧脑雾的因素；第四段提出避免超加工食品、摄入营养丰富食物等饮食方面的改善方法；最后一段总结改善脑雾的建议。全文围绕脑雾的成因、影响因素及饮食解决方案展开。C项“脑雾：成因、影响与饮食调理方案”概括文章主旨，适合作本文标题。故选C项。 01主旨大意考点综合练 1.（2026·江苏省如皋市高三教学质量调研（二））First impressions can be harsh. One mistake, and you might feel like you’ll forever be seen as an idiot (笨蛋) in someone’s eyes. However, I believe reality is kinder than that. Making a first impression is like trying to keep a door open with your foot. Many encounters with strangers are brief and may never happen again. Sometimes that can be a blessing: If the person you meet doesn’t care to remember you, you’ll quickly fade into the crowd of strangers in their mind, avoiding any negative or lasting impression. Other times, it can be disappointing — imagine striking up a conversation with someone interesting only to part ways before exchanging contact information. To avoid being forgotten, you need to do something memorable — but not something foolish. Make an impression by asking an insightful question or making someone laugh. This means taking risks and avoiding bland (乏味的) small talk; if that’s all you offer, you’ll likely be pushed to the back of their memory, unlikely to be remembered again. But what if you messed up your first impression? And one day you see them looking at you, recalling the time you embarrassed yourself, and they’re walking toward you thinking, “I know you from somewhere...” In that case, your second impression needs to be better. In my 19 years of making first impressions — some not so great — I’ve found that people will give you a second chance if you give them something to care about. Just because you messed up the first time doesn’t mean you should withdraw and stop being interesting. If anything, you should try harder: Listen well, ask relevant questions, smile often, tell a joke, and share what you care about. None of this is a guaranteed “How to Make People Like You” guide, by the way. I’m not even sure if any of this works. But people seem to like talking to me, so maybe some of it does work. Anyway, if this is your first impression of me, I hope it’s been a good one. 1．What does paragraph 2 focus on about first impressions? A．They are brief and temporary. B．They are casual and interesting. C．They are important and lasting. D．They are negative and dynamic. 2．How can you make a memorable first impression, according to the author? A．By engaging in small talk. B．By avoiding risky behavior. C．By demonstrating insight or humor. D．By sharing your personal experiences. 3．What tone does the author take when discussing the effectiveness of his advice? A．Playful. B．Uncertain. C．Serious. D．Convincing. 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Making a Good First Impression B．The True Art of First Impression C．Why Second Impression More D．The Lasting Impact of First Impression 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文指出第一印象并非永久定论，它往往短暂易逝；建议人们用见解或幽默留下好印象，若搞砸初次印象，可通过积极表现重塑二次印象。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Making a first impression is like trying to keep a door open with your foot. Many encounters with strangers are brief and may never happen again. Sometimes that can be a blessing: If the person you meet doesn’t care to remember you, you’ll quickly fade into the crowd of strangers in their mind, avoiding any negative or lasting impression. Other times, it can be disappointing — imagine striking up a conversation with someone interesting only to part ways before exchanging contact information.(给人留下第一印象就像试图用脚去撑开一扇门。与陌生人的接触往往是短暂的，而且可能不会再有下一次机会。有时这反而是一件好事：如果遇到的人并不愿意记住你，那你很快就会融入他们脑海中的众多陌生人之中，避免留下任何负面或持久的印象。但有时也会令人失望——想象一下，你与一位有趣的人搭起话来，结果却在交换联系方式之前就分道扬镳了)”可知，第一印象是简短且短暂的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Make an impression by asking an insightful question or making someone laugh.(通过提出一个有深度的问题或者逗人发笑来给人留下深刻的印象)”可知，展现洞察力或幽默感才能留下令人难忘的第一印象。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“None of this is a guaranteed “How to Make People Like You” guide, by the way. I’m not even sure if any of this works. But people seem to like talking to me, so maybe some of it does work.(顺便说一下，这一切都不构成一份“如何让别人喜欢你”的保证式指南。我甚至不确定其中任何一条是否有效。但人们似乎愿意和我交流，所以也许其中有些方法确实有效)”可知，作者在论述其建议的有效性时语气不确定。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“First impressions can be harsh. One mistake, and you might feel like you’ll forever be seen as an idiot (笨蛋) in someone’s eyes. However, I believe reality is kinder than that.(第一印象的杀伤力可能很大。但凡出一点差错，你或许就会觉得自己在别人眼里会永远是个笨蛋。不过，我相信现实并没有那么刻薄)”结合本文指出第一印象并非永久定论，它往往短暂易逝；建议人们用见解或幽默留下好印象，若搞砸初次印象，可通过积极表现重塑二次印象。可知，B选项“第一印象的艺术”最符合文章标题。故选B。 2.（2026·江苏省如皋市高三教学质量调研（二））The Ediacaran Period, spanning from about 635 to 541 million years ago, was a crucial time in Earth’s history. It marked a transformative era during which complex, multicellular organisms (多细胞生物) emerged, setting the stage for an explosion of life. But how did this explosion of life unfold? Researchers from the University of Rochester in New York, US, have uncovered strong evidence that Earth’s magnetic field (磁场) was in a highly unusual state when the large animals of the Ediacaran Period diversified and thrived. According to John Tarduno, a professor of geophysics in the university’s Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, one of the most remarkable life forms during the Ediacaran Period was the Ediacaran fauna — a handful of strange creatures found in Australia, Canada and the English Midlands. They were notable for looking like early animals and some even reached more than a meter in size and were able to move, indicating that they probably needed more oxygen compared to earlier life forms. Tarduno and his team used innovative strategies and techniques to examine the strength of the magnetic field by studying magnetism locked in ancient feldspar and pyroxene crystals (辉石晶体) from a rock called anorthosite. These crystals contain magnetic particles (粒子) that preserve magnetization from the time the minerals were formed. By dating the rocks, researchers can construct a timeline of the development of Earth’s magnetic field. Their data indicates that Earth’s magnetic field during the Ediacaran Period was the weakest known to date, lasting for at least 26 million years. A weak magnetic field makes it easier for charged particles from the sun to strip away lightweight atoms such as hydrogen from the atmosphere. If hydrogen loss is significant, more oxygen may remain in the atmosphere. Instead of reacting with hydrogen to form water vapor. These reactions can lead to a buildup of oxygen over time. The research suggests that during the Ediacaran Period, the extremely weak magnetic field caused a loss of hydrogen over at least tens of millions of years. This loss may have led to increased oxygen in the atmosphere and ocean, enabling more advanced life forms to emerge. 1．What did the researchers aim to find out? A．The origin of multicellular organisms. B．The link between oxygen and ecosystems. C．The impact of Earth’s magnetic field on life. D．The effects of climate change on biodiversity. 2．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By analyzing evolution of Ediacaran fauna. B．By examining magnetism in ancient minerals. C．By modeling the atmospheric changes in the lab. D．By comparing different periods in Earth’s history. 3．What does the underlined phrase “strip away” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Remove. B．Cover. C．Gather. D．generate. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The significance of the research. B．A suggestion for further research. C．An analysis of the research method. D．An explanation for the research results. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国研究人员发现埃迪卡拉纪地球磁场异常微弱，这导致大气氢流失、氧气富集，或为该时期复杂多细胞生物蓬勃演化创造了条件。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Ediacaran Period, spanning from about 635 to 541 million years ago, was a crucial time in Earth’s history. It marked a transformative era during which complex, multicellular organisms (多细胞生物) emerged, setting the stage for an explosion of life. But how did this explosion of life unfold?( 埃迪卡拉纪，从大约6.35亿年前到5.41亿年前，是地球历史上的一个关键时期。它标志着一个变革的时代，在这个时代，复杂的多细胞生物出现了，为生命的爆发奠定了基础。但生命的大爆发是如何展开的呢？)”以及第二段中“Researchers from the University of Rochester in New York, US, have uncovered strong evidence that Earth’s magnetic field (磁场) was in a highly unusual state when the large animals of the Ediacaran Period diversified and thrived.( 美国纽约罗切斯特大学的研究人员发现了强有力的证据，表明当埃迪卡拉纪的大型动物多样化和繁盛时，地球磁场处于一种非常不寻常的状态。)”可知，研究人员的目的是探究地球磁场对生命演化的影响。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tarduno and his team used innovative strategies and techniques to examine the strength of the magnetic field by studying magnetism locked in ancient feldspar and pyroxene crystals (辉石晶体) from a rock called anorthosite.( 塔都诺和他的团队采用创新的策略和技术，通过研究一种叫做斜长岩的岩石中的古老长石和辉石晶体中的磁性，来检测磁场的强度。)”可知，研究人员是通过检查古代矿物的磁性来进行这项研究的。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“A weak magnetic field makes it easier for charged particles from the sun to strip away lightweight atoms such as hydrogen from the atmosphere.( 弱磁场使得来自太阳的带电粒子更容易从大气中strip away氢等轻原子。)”以及下文“If hydrogen loss is significant, more oxygen may remain in the atmosphere.( 如果氢的损失是显著的，更多的氧可能留在大气中。)”可知，此处指带电粒子更容易从大气中剥离氢等轻原子。故可猜测划线短语strip away意为“移除、剥离”，和A选项Remove“移除”意思相近。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The research suggests that during the Ediacaran Period, the extremely weak magnetic field caused a loss of hydrogen over at least tens of millions of years. This loss may have led to increased oxygen in the atmosphere and ocean, enabling more advanced life forms to emerge.( 研究表明，在埃迪卡拉纪，极弱的磁场导致了至少数千万年的氢损失。这种损失可能导致大气和海洋中的氧气增加，使更先进的生命形式得以出现。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是对研究结果的解释。故选D项。 3.（2026·江苏省无锡市六校联考） Ladakh, in the trans-Himalayas, with its vast, uninhabited and stunning landscapes, has fascinated me since my first visit 20 years ago. In 2011, my fifth time in Ladakh, the region’s raw beauty held an entirely different pull — one that seemed to hum with an ancient energy, a force I hadn’t noticed before. In the very bones of the land lay a collection of prehistoric carvings known as petroglyphs, the only remains of prehistoric human presence in the area. Seeing these carvings, I couldn’t shake the feeling that I was witnessing something far deeper than I had imagined. There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. Despite tough living conditions, these huntergatherers still found ways to convey their beliefs and observations through highly stylized forms, reflecting the deep artistic desire that has always been a part of the human — long before the rise of civilized society. As artist and anthropologist Desmond Morris put it, “It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances.” To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and creative range. It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. When the book — Speaking Stones: Rock Art of Ladakh — was named a finalist for the Banff Mountain Book Award in 2024, I was honored, but the recognition was secondary. My true reward was a deeper connection with time and nature through a vast unbroken string, binding us all together. 1．What drove the author to document the petroglyphs? A．The threat of regional progress. B．The appeal of amazing scenery. C．A search for thrilling experiences. D．A childhood bond with ancient art. 2．What can we learn from Morris’s quote in paragraph 3? A．Art is the mirror of nature. B．Art inspires human wisdom. C．Art is deeply rooted in humans. D．Art can’t exist without materials. 3．Which can best describe the process of creating the book? A．Systematic. B．Brain-tearing. C．Painstaking. D．Eventful. 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Tasting the Past: The Analysis of Petroglyph B．Written in Stone: Ladakh’s Timeless Artistry C．Guarding the Rocks: A Saver of Ladakh’s Heritage D．Carved by Time: A Record of Himalayan Geography 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因拉达克岩画面临开发破坏而投入十年记录，揭示其作为人类艺术本能体现的价值，并通过书籍向世界传播这一文化遗产。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. (记录这些石刻变得紧迫，因为数百年的雕刻正在发展的压力下遭到破坏。)”可知，区域发展的威胁导致岩画正在被破坏，作者受此驱使决定进行记录。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中Desmond Morris所说的话“It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances. (人类似乎无论如何都无法脱离艺术，即便在物质条件匮乏的情况下。)”可知，Morris强调人类天生具有艺术表达的本能，与物质条件无关。因此，C项“艺术深植于人类本性中”准确概括了这一思想。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. (这绝非易事，考虑到拉达克的广袤、我想记录所有地区艺术的野心、有限的时机以及严酷的条件，更不用说所有行程都是自费。)”可知，在这一过程中作者面临各种艰难和挑战，因此这是艰辛的。A. Systematic系统性的；B. Brain-tearing烧脑的；C.Painstaking辛苦的；D. Eventful多事的。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. (作为一位始终追寻冒险的登山爱好者，这些迷人的艺术如同火焰吸引飞蛾般令我着迷，由此开启了我长达十年的探索与记录之旅。)”和第三段中“These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. (这些刻痕绝非仅仅是岩石上的雕刻，更是我们对之一无所知的远古文化的映射。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者记录拉达克史前岩画，探索其作为古代艺术的价值，并出版书籍的经历。因此，B项“刻于石上：拉达克的永恒艺术”涵盖岩画和艺术性，且Timeless呼应文中古代与现代的连接，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 4.（2026·安徽省联考）At first, the rise of the 20-year-old rapper known as Ian Smith seems like a familiar story. Inspired by Atlanta rap music, he started self-releasing music on Sound Cloud, and became popular. In one video, he raps about Rolls-Royce, a luxurious car during a lovely outdoor lunch with his cousins and his grandma over glasses of red wine. In another, he searches through a bag in a common-looking kitchen for lip balm (唇膏), but unexpectedly pulls out thick piles of cash one after another. On Spotify, he has over 6 million monthly listeners. Between the summer of 2024 and the summer of 2025, he managed to double his followers on TikTok to over 1.2 million. This week, Ian released a new mix tape, “2005”, his 3rd full-length project, aiming to prove that he has staying power beyond his shock appeal. Self-taught by YouTube and Reddit, Ian Smith started producing music for other kids as a seventh-grader using his laptop and a simple piece of home recording equipment he bought at Guitar Center. “When I started rapping in the ninth grade, it was a top secret part of my life,” Ian says. “I was just afraid to share. Nobody knew.” Early in his freshman year at Clemson, he connected online with a producer, Sxprano, who shared a bunch of beats that Ian called “trap” and “hard” in their “own fashionable way”. When Ian sent back “Figure It Out”, a 94-second track that’s pure heady tough talk, he said Sxprano called him back, excited and very interested in its potential. He dropped out of school after his first semester. When Ian played the Chicago music festival Lollapalooza in August, the crowd of thousands seemed to know all the lyrics of “Oh Ok”. But they weren’t just rapping along to that song; they were rapping “word for word, every song” to the point where he had to pause his performance to check what was going on. “The response was shocking,” Ian adds, “I almost cried. As soon as I got on stage, this is so for real.” 1．What can be inferred from Ian’s two videos? A．They focus on family values. B．They show his true personality. C．They are creative and expensive. D．They mix ordinary and luxurious life. 2．Why are the numbers listed in paragraph 2? A．To tell the reason for Ian’s new release. B．To show Ian’s growing influence among the media. C．To prove Ian’s success in social media marketing. D．To stress the popularity of different platforms. 3．What can be learned about Ian from his education story? A．He was pressed to stay in college. B．He felt embarrassed about his music. C．He prioritized his music over college. D．He really valued formal music education. 4．What is highlighted in the last paragraph? A．Strong audience connection. B．Unique performance style. C．Rapid rise to reputation. D．Broad commercial appeal. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍20岁说唱歌手伊恩·史密斯的成名历程、创作经历、事业选择及演出反响，展现其音乐发展之路。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In one video, he raps about Rolls-Royce, a luxurious car during a lovely outdoor lunch with his cousins and his grandma over glasses of red wine. In another, he searches through a bag in a common-looking kitchen for lip balm, but unexpectedly pulls out thick piles of cash one after another. (在一个视频中，他和堂兄妹、奶奶在户外享用美味午餐，喝着红酒，唱着关于豪车劳斯莱斯的歌。在另一个视频中，他在一间看起来很普通的厨房里翻包找唇膏，却意外地接连掏出一沓沓厚厚的现金。)”可知，两个视频既展现了户外家庭午餐、普通厨房这类日常场景，又有劳斯莱斯、大量现金等奢华元素，是普通与奢华生活的融合。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“On Spotify, he has over 6 million monthly listeners. Between the summer of 2024 and the summer of 2025, he managed to double his followers on TikTok to over 1.2 million. (在声田平台，他每月有超过600万听众。2024年夏天到2025年夏天，他在抖音的粉丝数翻了一番，超过120万。)”可知，这些数据体现了伊恩在社交与音乐平台的受众持续增长，以此凸显他不断提升的影响力。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When Ian sent back “Figure It Out”, a 94-second track that’s pure heady tough talk, he said Sxprano called him back, excited and very interested in its potential. He dropped out of school after his first semester. (当伊恩发回一首94秒、满是狂热强硬言辞的歌曲《弄明白》后，他说斯普拉诺兴奋地回电给他，对这首歌的潜力很感兴趣。他在第一学期结束后就退学了。)”可知，伊恩因看到音乐发展潜力而退学，把音乐事业置于大学学业之上。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“But they weren’t just rapping along to that song; they were rapping “word for word, every song” to the point where he had to pause his performance to check what was going on. (但他们不只是跟着唱那首歌，而是“逐字逐句地跟着唱每一首歌”，以至于他不得不暂停表演，看看发生了什么。)”可知，观众能逐字唱出他所有歌曲，这种深度互动体现了他与观众之间强烈的情感联结。故选A项。 5.（2026·福建省百校联考）Last year, an estimated one in seven Americans participated in Dry January, a challenge to abstain from alcohol for a month. The idea is to detox (戒掉) from holiday alcohol excess (过量) and start the new year on a healthier note. The annual 31-day exercise began as a public health campaign in the United Kingdom about eight years ago and has been growing ever since. Dry January is a great strategy for improving your relationship with alcohol, says Keith Heinzerling, MD, internist and addiction medicine specialist at the Pacific Neuroscience Institute in Santa Monica, California. “Doing a ‘trial quit’ for a short period of time is easier for many people than going straight to total abstinence (节制),” he says. “Taking time away from drinking, even just for a few weeks, gives you a fresh perspective and the opportunity to break bad habits you may have with alcohol.” It doesn’t take long to start to see positive changes, according to Dr. Heinzerling. “Within just a few days of not drinking, your blood pressure and heart rate will be lower, and you’ll have improved blood sugar regulation, better sleep, and less anxiety and depression,” he says. Another bonus: Quitting alcohol often makes other good habits — exercise and healthy eating, for example — easier to start and maintain, which in turn leads to even more health benefits. For those who are concerned they might not be able to handle a month of not drinking, Dr. Heinzerling says a crucial sign is how you feel when you wake up in the morning. “People who wake up with withdrawal symptoms, irritability (易怒), sweating, shaking, and a strong need for a drink should not do Dry January or any detox program without medical supervision,” he says. For everyone — social drinkers and possible problem drinkers — one key to a positive Dry January is to see it not as a month of gritting (咬紧) your teeth and getting through it until you can drink again, but rather the start of a healthier lifestyle overall. What better way to start the new year? 1．What does the underlined “abstain from” mean in paragraph 1? A．Try out. B．Bring in. C．Give up. D．Cut down. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Pressure after less sleep. B．Importance of body exam. C．Changes after healthy eating. D．Advantages of quitting alcohol. 3．Which can best show the inference about Dry January from the last paragraph? A．A flash in the pan. B．A stepping stone. C．A wolf in sheep’s clothing. D．A bitter pill to swallow. 4．What is Keith Heinzerling’s attitude towards Dry January? A．Doubtful. B．Subjective. C．Supportive. D．Dismissive. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“一月戒酒”这一健康活动的起源、益处及注意事项，并引用医学专家Keith Heinzerling医生的观点，阐明其核心意义在于将其视为一种改善与酒精关系的策略和健康生活方式的开端。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“The idea is to detox (戒掉) from holiday alcohol excess (过量) and start the new year on a healthier note.(其目的是摆脱节日期间的饮酒过量问题，并以更健康的状态开启新的一年)”可知，“一月戒酒”活动是指在一个月内尝试放弃酒精。故划线词意思是“放弃”。故选C项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“It doesn’t take long to start to see positive changes, according to Dr. Heinzerling. “Within just a few days of not drinking, your blood pressure and heart rate will be lower, and you’ll have improved blood sugar regulation, better sleep, and less anxiety and depression,” he says. Another bonus: Quitting alcohol often makes other good habits — exercise and healthy eating, for example — easier to start and maintain, which in turn leads to even more health benefits.(海因策林格博士表示，很快就能明显感受到积极的变化。“仅仅几天不饮酒，你的血压和心率就会降低，血糖调节也会得到改善，睡眠质量会提高，焦虑和抑郁症状也会减轻，”他说道。还有一个好处是：戒酒往往会使其他良好的习惯——比如锻炼和健康饮食——更容易开始并坚持下去，从而带来更多的健康益处)”可知，第三段详细列举了戒酒的好处。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For everyone — social drinkers and possible problem drinkers — one key to a positive Dry January is to see it not as a month of gritting (咬紧) your teeth and getting through it until you can drink again, but rather the start of a healthier lifestyle overall. What better way to start the new year?(对于每一个人——无论是适度饮酒者还是可能存在的酗酒者——“一月戒酒”计划成功的关键在于，不要将其仅仅视为一个忍着痛苦、坚持到底直至能够再次饮酒的月份，而应将其视为整体上开启更健康生活方式的开端。还有什么比这更好的开启新一年的方式呢？)”可知，该活动是一个开始，是通往更健康生活方式的垫脚石。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“It doesn’t take long to start to see positive changes, according to Dr. Heinzerling. “Within just a few days of not drinking, your blood pressure and heart rate will be lower, and you’ll have improved blood sugar regulation, better sleep, and less anxiety and depression,” he says. Another bonus: Quitting alcohol often makes other good habits — exercise and healthy eating, for example — easier to start and maintain, which in turn leads to even more health benefits.(海因策林格博士表示，很快就能明显感受到积极的变化。“仅仅几天不饮酒，你的血压和心率就会降低，血糖调节也会得到改善，睡眠质量会提高，焦虑和抑郁症状也会减轻，”他说道。还有一个好处是：戒酒往往会使其他良好的习惯——比如锻炼和健康饮食——更容易开始并坚持下去，从而带来更多的健康益处)”可知，他的态度是支持的。故选C项。 02主旨大意考点综合练 1.（2026·福建省福州市八县（市）协作校联考）Getting into arguments, whether with family or strangers online, can feel like debating with a wall. We are probably all guilty of thinking we’re right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon called the “illusion of information adequacy” is detailed in a recent psychology study. “Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety and stress,” said Angus Fletcher, a neurophysiologist at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see if they could be reduced.” Fletcher’s team surveyed 1,261 Americans online.Participants were divided into groups and given articles about a fictional factory. One group read only reasons for the factory to merge (合并) with another factory, another only reasons for staying separate, and a Control group read all the arguments.   They found that the majority of the groups who only read the pro- or anti-merging arguments believed they had enough information to make a good decision, and would follow the article’s recommendation, while about 55 and 45 percent of the control group recommended the factories merge or separate. The participants with the one-sided information also assumed that others would make the same decision they did. The team calls this belief the illusion of information adequacy, as Fletcher describes it, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs.” These findings add to research on naive realism, the belief that one’s subjective understanding is objective truth. While naive realism studies focus on different understandings of the same situation, Fletcher’s research shows people may share the same understanding, if given sufficient information.When the participants from the one-sided groups were asked to read all the arguments, some would change their minds. The mix of opinions was comparable to the control group - about 55 to 45 percent. “One of the best ways to fight the illusion of information adequacy when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I’m missing that would help me see their points better?’ This can help avoid unnecessary interpersonal conflict, allowing us to focus on working through key differences between ourselves and others,” said Fletcher. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The academic background of Angus Fletcher. B．The cause and effect of interpersonal conflicts. C．The importance of reducing misunderstandings. D．The significance and purpose of Fletcher’s study. 2．What were all three groups asked to do during the study? A．Defend their own views. B．Discuss before making decisions. C．Read the assigned arguments. D．Recommend the best article. 3．What does Fletcher’s research find? A．People with the same information make similar decisions. B．People from the control group are better decision-makers. C．People less informed are more likely to change their minds. D．People with partial information overestimate their judgments. 4．What does Fletcher suggest people do when disagreeing with others? A．Work through key differences together. B．Check for extra facts to understand others. C．Stop arguing to avoid interpersonal conflict. D．Get more evidence to support their own point. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的神经生理学家安格斯・弗莱彻（Angus Fletcher）的一项心理学研究，研究发现人们存在“信息充足的错觉”这一现象，即大脑知道的越少，就越自信自己知道了所有需要知道的东西，同时研究还表明当人们得到足够的信息时，可能会有相同的理解，并且弗莱彻给出了应对“信息充足的错觉”的建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段““Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety and stress,” said Angus Fletcher, a neurophysiologist at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see if they could be reduced.”(俄亥俄州立大学的神经生理学家安格斯・弗莱彻说：“人际冲突在增加，导致愤怒、焦虑和压力加剧。我们想调查这些误解，看看是否可以减少它们)”可知，本段先说明了人际冲突增加带来的不良影响，这体现了研究的意义，接着表明了想要调查并减少误解的目的，可推理出第二段主要讲的是弗莱彻研究的意义和目的。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Participants were divided into groups and given articles about a fictional factory. One group read only reasons for the factory to merge (合并) with another factory, another only reasons for staying separate, and a Control group read all the arguments. (参与者被分成小组，并得到了关于一个虚构工厂的文章。一组只阅读了该工厂与另一家工厂合并的理由，另一组只阅读了保持独立的理由，而对照组阅读了所有的论点)”可知，这三组都被要求阅读关于虚构工厂的文章，但阅读的是所分配给的相关论点，故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“They found that the majority of the groups who only read the pro- or anti-merging arguments believed they had enough information to make a good decision, and would follow the article’s recommendation, while about 55 and 45 percent of the control group recommended the factories merge or separate. The participants with the one-sided information also assumed that others would make the same decision they did. (他们发现，大多数只阅读了支持或反对合并论点的小组认为他们有足够的信息做出一个好的决定，并且会遵循文章的建议，而对照组中约55%和45%的人建议工厂合并或分开。拥有片面信息的参与者也认为其他人会做出和他们一样的决定)”以及第五段“The team calls this belief the illusion of information adequacy, as Fletcher describes it, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs.”(研究小组称这种信念为“信息充足的错觉”，正如弗莱彻所描述的那样，“我们的大脑知道的越少，就越自信自己知道了所有需要知道的东西)”可知，只获得片面信息的人认为自己有足够信息做决定，还认为别人也会和自己做同样的决定，可推理出得到部分信息的人高估了自己的判断。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““One of the best ways to fight the illusion of information adequacy when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I’m missing that would help me see their points better?’ This can help avoid unnecessary interpersonal conflict, allowing us to focus on working through key differences between ourselves and others,” said Fletcher. (弗莱彻说：“当与某人意见不一致时，对抗“信息充足的错觉”的最佳方法之一是停下来问问自己，“是否有我遗漏的东西可以帮助我更好地理解他们的观点？”这可以帮助避免不必要的人际冲突，让我们专注于解决自己和他人之间的关键分歧)”可知，当与他人意见不一致时，弗莱彻建议人们检查是否有额外的事实来理解他人。故选B项。 2.（2026·广东省深圳市四校联考）Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter, according to a new Australian study published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagna (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equal to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product bar code and check its “Planetary Health Rating”, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive (强制的) display of a single, standardized sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded professor Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 1．What is the function of paragraph 2? A．To introduce Australians’ dietary habits. B．To set the stage for further explanation. C．To compare diets in different countries. D．To provide evidence for the author’s viewpoint. 2．What do the numbers listed in paragraph 3 emphasize? A．The influence of switching groceries. B．The total emission of Australia. C．The categories of foods. D．The food consumption of Australia. 3．What do we know about ecoSwitch? A．It checks the emissions of star products. B．It is a compulsory system for all supermarkets. C．It helps shoppers make wiser food choices. D．It is much-needed in developed countries. 4．What’s the best title of the text? A．EcoSwitch: A New Tool for Food Safety B．Food Choice: A Factor of Emission C．Grocery Shopping: A Cause of Environmental Crisis D．Food Swaps: An Approach to a Greener Future 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的澳大利亚研究，该研究探讨了通过选择更环保的食品和饮料替代品来减少家庭杂货购买所产生的温室气体排放。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.”(该研究的主要作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士说：“若要实现全球减排目标，饮食习惯必须发生重大改变，尤其是在像澳大利亚、英国和美国这样的高收入国家”)”和第三段“Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equal to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%.(研究人员对7000个澳大利亚家庭每年购买食品的预期排放量进行了计算。将超过22000种产品划分到主要、次要和子类别的食品类别中，以量化在不同类别之间以及同一类别内部进行转换所带来的排放量减少效果。在相同食品子类别内进行转换，可使澳大利亚的排放量减少26%，相当于减少超过190万辆汽车的排放量。而在次要食品类别内进行转换，可实现更大的排放量减少，达71%)”可推知，第二段的作用是为进一步的解释做铺垫，说明饮食习惯的改变对于达成全球排放目标的重要性，特别是在高收入国家。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equal to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%.(研究人员计算了7000户澳大利亚家庭年度杂货购买的预计排放量。22000多种产品被分配到食品的主要、次要和子类别中，以量化在组内和组间转换所能减少的排放量。在澳大利亚，在同一种食品子类别内进行转换可以使排放量减少26%，这相当于让190多万辆汽车不再上路。在食品的小类别之间进行转换甚至可以带来更大的减排效果，减排量可达71%)”可推知，列出的数字强调的是改变购物习惯对减少排放的影响。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Shoppers can use their device to scan a product bar code and check its “Planetary Health Rating”, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions).(消费者可以使用他们的设备扫描商品的条形码，查看其“行星健康评级”。该评级是对商品排放量的衡量标准，其得分范围从半颗星（排放量大）到五颗星（排放量小）不等)”可知，ecoSwitch是一个应用程序，可以让购物者扫描产品条形码并检查其评分，这是一个衡量其排放量的分数。由此推知，这个程序可以确保食品购买时做出更明智的选择。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter, according to a new Australian study published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagna (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. (根据发表在《自然·食品》杂志上的一项新的澳大利亚研究，将食品和饮料购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品，可以减少家庭杂货温室气体排放量四分之一以上。做出更大的改变——比如用素食代替冷冻肉意大利千层面——可以使减排量高达71%)”可知，文章主要讲述了一项新的澳大利亚研究，研究表明将食品和饮料购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品，可以减少家庭杂货温室气体排放量，并介绍了基于此研究开发的名为ecoSwitch的应用程序。由此可知，最好的标题是“食物替换——一种环境可持续的方式”。故选D。 3.（2026·广西壮族自治区桂林市十二县中学高三月考）As a surgeon, I’d reviewed hundreds of CT scans for colleagues, often writing down “Widely spreading disease-no role for surgery” on charts and moving on. But when I stared at my own scan-masses clouding the lungs and bending the spine (脊椎), a clear sign of cancer — I froze. At 36, I’d spent years guiding patients through gloomy expectations: with elderly, seriously ill patients, it felt manageable, but facing cancer myself, I ached for the clearness I’d once denied others. I’d long followed two rules with patients: be honest about the outcome of the disease but leave room for hope, and use vague yet accurate timelines like “weeks to a few months” instead of detailed statistics. We avoided using numbers, knowing patients often misinterpret them — after all, “70% survival” sounds better than “30% death” even if they’re the same. Yet when I sat with my cancer doctor, I begged for survival data, certain that my medical background let me handle it. She refused firmly: “Find what matters most to you.” I turned to research. Studies said 70-80% of lung cancer patients died within two years, but most were older smokers — I was 36 and never smoked. Friends shared stories of “miracle survivors” who’d lived a decade with the same cancer; I ignored them at first, but they got into my thoughts. Then a targeted pill, designed for my cancer’s genetic change, turned things around: I stopped using a walking stick, and hope started. Death’s certainty had once felt easier than uncertainty. Should I plan a funeral, write the book I’d dreamed of, or go back to work? I felt lost until Samuel Beckett’s words rang: “I can’t go on. I’ll go on.” Eight months later, my strength is back, and the cancer is getting better. I’ve returned to work, revisiting old written works and enjoying small moments. Every morning at 5:30, I wake next to my wife, thinking “I can’t go on.”— then I put on my work clothes and head to the operating room, finishing the thought: “I’ll go on.” I now know the worry of death can’t be fixed with numbers; what matters is living fully, not counting days. 1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A．The author accepted his cancer calmly. B．Most patients prefer unclear timelines. C．The author struggled more as a patient. D．Doctors often use white lies to give hope. 2．How did the author feel about “miracle survivors” stories at first? A．Doubtful. B．Shocked. C．Hopeful. D．Comforted. 3．Why does the author mention Samuel Beckett’s words? A．To express his sense of despair. B．To stress his decision to persevere. C．To question his treatment plan. D．To explain his feeling of confusion. 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Rethinking My Precious Time B．What Matters in Miracle Survivors? C．Living Fully, Not Counting Days D．How Much Time Do I Have Left? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名外科医生在面对自己身患癌症时的经历与感悟，作者明白了重要的是活得充实，而非计算天数。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“But when I stared at my own scan-masses clouding the lungs and bending the spine (脊椎), a clear sign of cancer — I froze. At 36, I’d spent years guiding patients through gloomy expectations: with elderly, seriously ill patients, it felt manageable, but facing cancer myself, I ached for the clearness I’d once denied others.(但当我凝视自己的扫描报告时——肺部布满阴影，脊椎弯曲变形（这是癌症的明显迹象）——我呆住了。36岁的我，多年来一直引导患者面对黯淡的预后：对于年老体衰、病入膏肓的患者，我尚能从容应对；但当自己面对癌症时，我却渴望得到曾经对他人避而不谈的明确答案)”和第二段“Yet when I sat with my cancer doctor, I begged for survival data, certain that my medical background let me handle it.(然而，当我与癌症医生坐下来时，我恳求她提供生存数据，坚信自己的医学背景能让我承受这些信息)”可推知，作为一个病人，作者更挣扎。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Friends shared stories of “miracle survivors” who’d lived a decade with the same cancer; I ignored them at first, but they got into my thoughts.(朋友们分享了“奇迹幸存者”的故事，他们与患同种癌症的我一样，却活了十年；起初我对此置之不理，但这些故事逐渐萦绕在我心头)”可推知，作者最初对“奇迹幸存者”的故事感到怀疑，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I felt lost until Samuel Beckett’s words rang: “I can’t go on. I’ll go on.”(我感到迷茫，直到塞缪尔·贝克特的话在我耳边响起：“我无法继续前行。我仍将前行。”)”和最后一段“Every morning at 5:30, I wake next to my wife, thinking “I can’t go on.”— then I put on my work clothes and head to the operating room, finishing the thought: “I’ll go on.” I now know the worry of death can’t be fixed with numbers; what matters is living fully, not counting days.(每天清晨5点半，我躺在妻子身旁醒来，心中默念“我无法继续前行”——然后穿上工作服，走向手术室，完成那未尽之语：“我仍将前行。”如今我明白，对死亡的担忧无法用数字化解；重要的是活得充实，而非计算天数)”可推知，作者提到Samuel Beckett的话是为了强调他坚持不懈的决心。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Eight months later, my strength is back, and the cancer is getting better. I’ve returned to work, revisiting old written works and enjoying small moments. Every morning at 5:30, I wake next to my wife, thinking “I can’t go on.”— then I put on my work clothes and head to the operating room, finishing the thought: “I’ll go on.” I now know the worry of death can’t be fixed with numbers; what matters is living fully, not counting days.(八个月后，我的体力恢复了，癌症也在好转。我重返工作岗位，重新审视过去的作品，享受生活中的点滴美好。每天清晨5点半，我躺在妻子身旁醒来，心中默念“我无法继续前行”——然后穿上工作服，走向手术室，完成那未尽之语：“我仍将前行。”如今我明白，对死亡的担忧无法用数字化解；重要的是活得充实，而非计算天数)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者作为一名外科医生在面对自己身患癌症时的经历与感悟，作者明白了重要的是活得充实，而非计算天数。由此可知，最恰当的标题是C选项“Living Fully, Not Counting Days(充实地生活，不计算日子)”。故选C。 4.（2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）Forty years ago, Yin Yuzhen arrived at her new home in a vast desert in northern China. Her new house lay half buried under sand dunes. Strong winds howled, and terrible heat made life extremely difficult. While many people would have fled, Yuzhen chose to stay. “I would rather die planting trees than live buried by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong battle against the harsh environment. Yuzhen and her husband worked tirelessly to afford young trees. She slept only a few hours each night, her hands and arms covered in wounds from her hard work. After many trials, she finally found a successful method. She first planted shrubs and grasses to hold the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit trees inside. Slowly, her efforts paid off. The barren land transformed into a green oasis. Over four decades, she has turned over 70,000 acres of desert into woodland, becoming a symbol of China’s large-scale tree-planting project. Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and joined her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed a deep bond with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is a shared mission that connects people across borders. Yuzhen’s personal effort is part of a much larger picture. China is making significant progress in protecting the environment. In the past 20 years, a quarter of the world’s newly added green areas have come from China. The country has met its 2030 goals for forest growth and solar and wind power capacity years ahead of schedule. These achievements show China’s leading role and consistent commitment to a sustainable future. The message from Yuzhen’s story is profound: whether it is planting trees or developing clean energy, every effort shares the same vision. Green development is not just China’s choice, but its contribution to the entire planet. Challenges like sandstorms know no borders. By working together, humanity can create not only oases in the desert but also a greener, cleaner world for all. 1．What made Yin Yuzhen decide to stay in the desert instead of fleeing? A．Her husband’s strong encouragement. B．Her determination to fight desertification. C．The hope of making a living by planting. D．The attraction of having a home in sands. 2．Which of the following best describes Yin Yuzhen’s tree-planting method? A．Relying on green oases for irrigation water. B．Planting tall trees first to block strong winds. C．Focusing on fruit trees to improve economic benefits. D．Using a layered approach to stabilize and green the land. 3．Why is Donald Jones mentioned in the passage? A．To show the global influence of Yin Yuzhen’s story. B．To indicate cross-border relationships are easy to form. C．To introduce an effective tree-planting technique from the US. D．To explain the difficulty of international environmental cooperation. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．When Green Mission Crosses borders B．A Woman’s 40-Year War on the Desert C．China’s Green Efforts: Growing Hope for the Globe D．The Seed of Change: Personal Pursuit of Green Life 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了殷玉珍将沙漠变为绿洲的励志故事，她的努力不仅改变了自己和当地的环境，还激励了一位美国人加入她，体现了环保无国界的精神。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段““I would rather die planting trees than live buried by the desert,” she said, beginning a lifelong battle against the harsh environment.(“我宁愿死在植树的劳作中，也不愿被埋在沙漠之下。”她说道，从此开始了与恶劣环境的长期斗争)”可知，殷玉珍选择留在沙漠而非逃离，是源于她治理沙漠化的坚定决心。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“After many trials, she finally found a successful method. She first planted shrubs and grasses to hold the soil. Then, she planted taller trees like poplars and pines to protect the fruit trees inside.(经过多次尝试，她终于找到了一种行之有效的办法。她首先种植了一些灌木和草类植物来固定土壤。然后，她种植了像白杨和松树这样的高大树木，以保护里面的果树)”可知，她的种树方法是采用分层的方式稳固并绿化土地。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Yuzhen’s story also inspired an American teacher, Donald Jones. In 2015, he traveled to meet her and joined her team. He learned to plant trees, working hard under difficult conditions. He planted over 2,000 trees and formed a deep bond with Yuzhen, calling her his “sister”. Their friendship showed that environmental protection is a shared mission that connects people across borders.(玉珍的故事也激励了一位美国教师唐纳德·琼斯。2015年，他前往与她会面，并加入了她的团队。他学会了植树，在艰苦的条件下努力工作。他种下了超过2000棵树，并与玉珍建立了深厚的友谊，称她为自己的“妹妹”。他们的友谊表明，环境保护是一项跨越国界的共同使命)”可知，提及唐纳德·琼斯是为了展示尹玉珍的故事所具有的全球影响力。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The message from Yuzhen’s story is profound: whether it is planting trees or developing clean energy, every effort shares the same vision. Green development is not just China’s choice, but its contribution to the entire planet. Challenges like sandstorms know no borders. By working together, humanity can create not only oases in the desert but also a greener, cleaner world for all.(玉珍的故事所传达的信息意义深远：无论是植树造林还是开发清洁能源，每一份努力都秉持着相同的愿景。绿色发展并非仅仅是中国的选择，更是其对整个地球的贡献。诸如沙尘暴这样的挑战没有国界之分。通过携手合作，人类不仅能在这片沙漠中创造出绿洲，还能为所有人创造一个更绿色、更清洁的世界)”结合全文内容可知，本文讲述了殷玉珍将沙漠变为绿洲的励志故事，她的努力不仅改变了自己和当地的环境，还激励了一位美国人加入她，体现了环保无国界的精神。C选项“中国绿色行动：为全球带来希望的曙光”最符合文章标题。故选C。 5.（2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks. This bidirectional link between body and mind, known as embodied cognition, shows that adopting “high-power” postures — open, expansive, and occupying space — can chemically and neurologically equip us for challenge. A 2025 study published in Nature Communications used a combination of fMRI brain scanning, hormone sampling, and behavioral economic games to trace this real-time effect. Researchers found that when participants held expansive postures for just two minutes, their brain activity shifted dramatically. There was increased connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (involved in planning and regulation) and the brain’s reward circuits, while activity in the amygdala (杏仁核), a key fear center, was reduced. “The brain doesn’t just command the body; the body’s posture sends immediate signals back that restructure the brain’s priorities from avoidance to approach,” explains the lead author. Currently, hormonal changes were measured: brief periods of “power posing” led to a mild increase in testosterone (linked to confidence) and a significant decrease in cortisol (linked to stress). This state is associated with resilience under pressure. In the following decision-making tasks, these participants were 28% more likely to choose a high-risk, high-reward option compared to those who had held contracted, low-power postures. This research has profound, immediate significance for high-risk moments in a student’s life — from walking into an important exam to preparing for a presentation. However, the lead researcher cautions that posture is a tool, not a magic trick. “The effect is real and physiological (生理的), but it works best as a short-term preparatory strategy to access a more resourceful state. It doesn’t replace competence or preparation, but it can ensure your biological state doesn’t weaken them.” The ultimate insight is one of control: we are not passive victims of our nervousness; we can use our own physiology as a gateway to access confidence, changing performance anxiety by starting with the body to influence the mind. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．High-power postures improve problem-solving skills. B．Confidence is mainly determined by internal psychology. C．Embodied cognition helps regulate brain-body interaction. D．Body posture directly influences people’s cognition and emotion. 2．What method was used in the 2025 study? A．Collecting self-reported psychological data. B．Measuring long-term hormone level changes. C．Combining neural scanning with behavioral tests. D．Tracking brain activity through daily posture monitoring. 3．The lead researcher may agree that power posing __________. A．can make up for lack of professional ability B．is a reliable way to build lasting confidence C．has slight real physiological effects on people D．serves as a temporary aid to actual competence 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Different body postures’ effects on physical health. B．The link between body posture and mental functioning. C．Scientific findings on mental stress reduction methods. D．Body language’s role in managing performance anxiety. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了具身认知理论下，“高能量姿势”能直接影响大脑功能、激素水平和决策行为的相关研究，以及该研究对学生应对高压场景的意义和研究人员的相关提醒。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks.(我们通常认为自信是一种纯粹的内在心理状态，但突破性的神经科学研究表明，身体姿态会直接且迅速地影响大脑功能、压力水平以及人们承担风险的意愿。)”可知，身体姿势能直接影响人的认知与情绪。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A 2025 study published in Nature Communications used a combination of fMRI brain scanning, hormone sampling, and behavioral economic games to trace this real-time effect.(2025年发表在《自然·通讯》上的一项研究，结合了功能性磁共振成像大脑扫描、激素采样和行为经济学游戏，来追踪这种实时效应。)”可知，该研究采用了神经扫描与行为测试相结合的方法。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, the lead researcher cautions that posture is a tool, not a magic trick. “The effect is real and physiological (生理的), but it works best as a short-term preparatory strategy to access a more resourceful state. It doesn’t replace competence or preparation, but it can ensure your biological state doesn’t weaken them.”(然而，首席研究员警告说，姿势是一种工具，而不是魔法。“这种效应是真实且生理上的，但它作为短期准备策略来进入更有资源的状态时效果最佳。它不能取代能力或准备，但它可以确保你的生理状态不会削弱它们。”)”可知，首席研究员认为高能量姿势是实际能力的临时辅助手段。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文开篇主题句“We often think of confidence as a purely internal mental state, but groundbreaking neuroscience reveals that our body posture directly and rapidly shapes our brain function, stress levels, and willingness to take risks.(我们通常认为自信是一种纯粹的内在心理状态，但突破性的神经科学研究表明，身体姿态会直接且迅速地影响大脑功能、压力水平以及人们承担风险的意愿。)”以及结尾的总结“The ultimate insight is one of control: we are not passive victims of our nervousness; we can use our own physiology as a gateway to access confidence, changing performance anxiety by starting with the body to influence the mind.(这项研究的终极启示，是关于自我掌控的认知：我们并非自身紧张情绪的被动受害者；我们可以将自身的生理机能作为获取自信的突破口，通过从调节身体状态入手来影响心理，从而缓解表现焦虑。)”可知，全文的核心是阐述身体姿势(生理)与大脑功能、心理状态(如压力、信心、冒险意愿)之间的双向联系与相互影响。故选B。 Passage 1（主旨大意考点语篇练） （2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）Driverless taxis have turned from science fiction into daily reality in San Francisco and Shenzhen. Between April and June, Waymo completed 2.2 million autonomous trips in California — five times more than in 2024. Baidu delivered the same number across 16 Chinese cities, doubling its previous figures. These figures show a big change in city transport, promising safer roads and less traffic. But this future is limited to a few places. In most Western countries, rules block self-driving taxi services. This creates a sharp split between cities that welcome innovation and those stuck with old transport systems. The rules create two main problems. First, they slow down technical progress. American companies must get permission from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to build cars without pedals or steering wheels — parts humans don’t need when AI drives. The NHTSA also limits each company to only 2,500 such cars per year, blocking the large-scale rollout. Second, local laws directly stop robotaxi services. New York’s Taxi Commission bans autonomous vehicles from paid services. Boston lawmakers want a human safety operator in every car. In Europe, only a few countries allow testing. These cautious policies come from two fears: robotaxi might crash into people or cars and take away drivers’ jobs. Neither reason stands up to closer inspection. On safety, early data tells a different story. A study shows Waymo produces 88% fewer property- damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims than human drivers. While other companies need to prove similar results and testing remains limited to simpler cities, the numbers clearly point to safer roads. The job-loss argument also fails. While driver replacement worries are politically powerful — causing officials to set strict safety standards under protest pressure — the public interest must come first. In San Francisco, robotaxis mainly replace private cars, not traditional taxis. Demand for human-driven cabs has stayed steady as they remain more available during busy times, showing the two services complement rather than replace each other. Even with smart regulation, profit challenges remain. Each Waymo car costs $150,000 with its sensors and software. Mapping and testing may be too expensive for small European cities. Still, removing regulatory barriers would let companies expand, improve technology, and cut costs — benefiting consumers who want safer city transport. 1．What can be inferred from the data in paragraph 1? A．Baidu serves more cities than Waymo. B．Robotaxi technology is enjoying vigorous growth. C．Robotaxis dominate urban transport in the US and China. D．Waymo’s annual growth rate is five times that of Baidu’s. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Background details on robotaxi services. B．Future trends in transportation regulation. C．Specific obstacles from relevant regulations. D．Comparisons of different robotaxi companies. 3．What does the underlined word “complement” in paragraph 5 mean? A．supplement. B．Resemble. C．Conflict. D．Substitute. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the development of robotaxi services? A．Favorable. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Unbiased. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了旧金山、深圳无人驾驶出租已成现实且订单大增，西方法规阻碍其发展，实际它更安全且与有人驾驶互补，松绑监管可促其发展惠民。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Driverless taxis have turned from science fiction into daily reality in San Francisco and Shenzhen. Between April and June, Waymo completed 2.2 million autonomous trips in California — five times more than in 2024. Baidu delivered the same number across 16 Chinese cities, doubling its previous figures. These figures show a big change in city transport, promising safer roads and less traffic.(无人驾驶出租车已从科幻小说中的概念变为现实，出现在了旧金山和深圳。在4月至6月期间，Waymo在加利福尼亚州完成了220万次自动驾驶行程——是2024年的五倍之多。百度在16个中国城市完成了同样数量的自动驾驶出行服务，是之前数字的两倍。这些数据表明城市交通发生了重大变化，有望带来更安全的道路和更少的交通拥堵)”可知，机器人出租车技术正在蓬勃发展。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The rules create two main problems. First, they slow down technical progress. American companies must get permission from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to build cars without pedals or steering wheels — parts humans don’t need when AI drives. The NHTSA also limits each company to only 2,500 such cars per year, blocking the large-scale rollout. Second, local laws directly stop robotaxi services. New York’s Taxi Commission bans autonomous vehicles from paid services. Boston lawmakers want a human safety operator in every car. In Europe, only a few countries allow testing.(这些规定造成了两个主要问题。首先，它们阻碍了技术进步。美国企业若要生产无需踏板和方向盘的汽车（在人工智能驾驶的情况下，人类并不需要这些部件），必须获得国家公路交通安全管理局的许可。此外，美国国家公路交通安全管理局还规定每家公司每年只能生产2500辆此类汽车，这限制了大规模推广的实现。其次，地方法律直接阻碍了自动驾驶出租车服务的开展。纽约的出租车委员会禁止自动驾驶车辆参与有偿服务。波士顿的立法者则希望每辆汽车都配备一名人工安全操作员。在欧洲，只有少数几个国家允许进行测试)”可知，该段主要讲的是相关法规带来的具体障碍。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Demand for human-driven cabs has stayed steady as they remain more available during busy times(对于有人驾驶出租车的需求一直保持稳定，因为在繁忙时段这类出租车更为充足)”以及后文“rather than replace each other(而不是彼此代替)”可知，后文提到说明两种服务不是替代，说明是相互补充的关系。故划线词意思是“补充”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, removing regulatory barriers would let companies expand, improve technology, and cut costs — benefiting consumers who want safer city transport.(不过，消除监管障碍将使企业得以扩大规模、改进技术并降低成本——这将惠及那些希望城市交通更加安全的消费者)”以及文章中作者肯定无人驾驶带来更安全道路、更少拥堵；指出多数西方国家法规阻碍发展；反驳安全隐患和失业两大担忧；末段说解除监管壁垒能让企业扩张、降本，惠及消费者。可知，作者对机器人出租车服务的发展持支持态度。故选A。 Passage 2（主旨大意考点语篇练） （2026·山西省太原市第五中学等校联考）High school students dug deep into their studies this summer, participating in the Youth Leadership Program of Green Village Initiative (GVI) while also earning college credits from Housatonic Community College (HCC). The new and original partnership between the two organizations allowed students to earn four college credits in Biology and immerse themselves in the lively learning environment of GVI’s Reservoir Community Farm. Eight students, aged 14 — 18, participated in the strict eight-week program. For six days each week, students attended online learning while taking HCC’s Plants and Civilization Course. The farm served as an outdoor lab for the class, where students learned about the process of seed to table, food access and sustainability, food deserts, food justice and more. “Students learn better when they’re getting their hands dirty,” said Ofonime Udo-Okon, manager of GVI’s Youth Leadership Program. “HCC is setting an example as to what integrated learning can look like.” On Bridgeport’s only urban educational farm, the students, who all either live or attend school in Bridgeport, were transformed into young food leaders. Through their studies and hands-on instruction, each learned their role in the food system, and how to make a positive change. “I wanted to be in the program so I can give back to the community,” said Sariah Cohen, a 15-year-old sophomore at Bridgeport’s Central High School. “I like the practice that we provide the community with fresh, inexpensive food.” GVI’s Youth Leadership Program is rooted in food justice, addressing the reality that low-income people are severely impacted by food insecurity, poor access to nutritious food, and the resulting diet-related illnesses. The program teaches young people how to take action to remove food barriers and provide access to healthy produce for Bridgeport’s community. “GVI is a jewel in the city that can sustain our future,” said Robin Avant, HCC’s Dean of Academic Affairs. “Seeing the youth deeply embedded in soil is remarkable. As they grow crops, the students are growing their independent knowledge and experiences, while building agriculture sustainability plans that are critical to food justice.” 1．How does the partnership between GVI and HCC benefit the students? A．It offers students the chance to study abroad. B．It encourages cooperation among learners. C．It teaches students abundant knowledge about food insecurity. D．It combines online learning with hands-on experience. 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A．Students prefer working the land to learning in class. B．Students need to wash their hands before entering the lab. C．Active engagement and real-life experience help learning. D．Working on a farm teaches students important life skills. 3．What is the main concern that GVI’s Youth Leadership Program aims to address? A．Discrimination against poor people. B．Uneven accessibility to healthy food. C．Research on nutrition-related issues. D．Income inequality among different jobs. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The far-reaching impact of GVI. B．The commercial value of GVI. C．The rapid development of GVI. D．The extensive popularity of GVI. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是美国高中生通过Green Village Initiative与Housatonic社区大学合作项目，在学习生物学同时，成为青年食物领导者，促进社区食物正义的实践。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The new and original partnership between the two organizations allowed students to earn four college credits in Biology and immerse themselves in the lively learning environment of GVI’s Reservoir Community Farm.(这两个组织之间新的和原始的合作伙伴关系使学生能够获得生物学的四个大学学分，并沉浸在GVI水库社区农场的生动学习环境中)”和第二段“For six days each week, students attended online learning while taking HCC’s Plants and Civilization Course.(每周有六天的时间，学生们一边在线学习，一边学习HCC的植物与文明课程)”可知，学生们既可以参加胡萨托尼克社区学院的在线学习课程，也能在GVI的农场进行亲身实践，这是二者合作对学生的好处。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The farm served as an outdoor lab for the class, where students learned about the process of seed to table, food access and sustainability, food deserts, food justice and more.(这个农场是这个班级的户外实验室，学生们在这里学习了从种子到餐桌的过程、食物的获取和可持续性、食物沙漠、食物正义等等)”可知，学生在农场这个户外实验室学到了很多课本外的内容。故此处的getting their hands dirty指的是学生们动手实践，暗示学生通过动手实践（在农场亲身实践的体验）学得更好，即这句话强调的是动手参与和真实的体验能够增强学习效果，而不应局限于课本上的知识，与C项（积极参与和真实的体验有助于学习）语义相近。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“GVI’s Youth Leadership Program is rooted in food justice, addressing the reality that low-income people are severely impacted by food insecurity, poor access to nutritious food, and the resulting diet-related illnesses.(GVI的青年领导力项目植根于粮食正义，旨在解决低收入人群受到粮食不安全、难以获得营养食品以及由此引发的饮食相关疾病严重影响的现实问题)”可知，该计划主要关注的是低收入群体获取健康食品的机会不均衡的问题。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““GVI is a jewel in the city that can sustain our future,” said Robin Avant, HCC’s Dean of Academic Affairs. “Seeing the youth deeply embedded in soil is remarkable. As they grow crops, the students are growing their independent knowledge and experiences, while building agriculture sustainability plans that are critical to food justice.”(“GVI是这座城市的一颗宝石，可以支撑我们的未来，”HCC教务处主任罗宾·阿万特说。“看到年轻人深深扎根于土壤中是非常了不起的。在种植作物的同时，学生们也在积累自己的独立知识和经验，同时制定对粮食公正至关重要的农业可持续发展计划。”)”可知，罗宾·阿文特提到了参加GVI的青年领导力计划的年轻人在农业实践中逐渐获得知识和经验，并指出他们正在构建对食品正义至关重要的农业可持续发展计划，可知，最后一段说明了GVI的意义和产生的深远影响。故选A项。 Passage 3（主旨大意考点语篇练） （2026·辽宁省协作校第二次考试）Fire kills nearly 3, 700 Americans yearly and destroys $23 billion in property, often because traditional smoke detectors fail to warn residents timely — leaving little time to escape or call for help. Now, NYU Tandon School of Engineering’s NYU Fire Research Group has developed an AI system to boost fire safety, using existing security cameras to detect fires and smoke in real time. Published in IEEE Internet of Things, the system analyzes video footage, identifying fires in 0.016 seconds per frame — faster than a human blink (眨眼) — to give vital extra minutes for evacuation and emergency response. Unlike conventional detectors, which need heavy smoke buildup and close proximity to activate, it spots early-stage fires via video alone, even before flames spread widely. Concerning statistics highlight the urgent need: 11% of residential fire deaths happen where detectors failed — either due to malfunction or total absence. To make matters worse, modern building materials and open floor plans make fires spread 2-3 times faster than in older structures, with structural collapse times greatly reduced. The team used an overall approach, combining multiple advanced AI algorithms (算法) to cut false alarms — a critical factor, as false alerts waste emergency resources. Multiple algorithms must agree to confirm a fire. Trained on a custom dataset covering the National Fire Protection Association’s five fire classes (from ordinary combustibles to electrical and cooking fires) , the best model hit 80. 6% accuracy. Temporal analysis, which tracks how fire regions change across video frames, removes false alarms with 92. 6% accuracy, “Real fires are dynamic — growing, shifting shape,” noted Professor Sunil Kumar. Cloud-based, the system uses existing CCTV (闭路电视) ; cameras stream raw video to servers for AI analysis. On detection, it automatically generates video clips and sends real-time alerts via email and text — no costly hardware upgrades, a strength for widespread use. It can integrate with drones (无人机) to spot remote wildfires early and firefighters’ tools to enhance safety. Beyond fire, the team says it may adapt to security threats or medical emergencies, expanding safety monitoring. 1．What can we know about the fire in America from the text? A．It has caused massive damage. B．It seems less destructive currently. C．It primarily affects old buildings at large. D．It takes lots of effort to put out it. 2．Which of the following best describes the system? A．Time-consuming. B．Extremely costly. C．Good-looking. D．Highly efficient. 3．What does the team intend to emphasize about the system in the last paragraph? A．Its safety rules in use. B．Its potential application. C．Its demand for software. D．Its possible weaknesses. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．The Threat of Fire B．AI Powers Fire Security C．The Rise of Drones D．AI Gives Early Warning 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI技术如何提升火灾防控能力。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Fire kills nearly 3,700 Americans yearly and destroys $23 billion in property(火灾每年导致近3700名美国人死亡，财产损失达230亿美元)”可知，火灾造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Published in IEEE Internet of Things, the system analyzes video footage, identifying fires in 0.016 seconds per frame— faster than a human blink (眨眼) — to give vital extra minutes for evacuation and emergency response. Unlike conventional detectors, which need heavy smoke buildup and close proximity to activate, it spots early-stage fires via video alone, even before flames spread widely.(该系统发表于 IEEE Internet of Things Journal，可通过分析视频画面，以每帧0.016秒的速度识别火灾（快于人眼眨眼），为疏散和应急响应争取关键时间。与传统探测器需依赖近距离浓烟积聚才能触发不同，该系统仅通过视频即可在火焰大面积蔓延前的早期阶段发现火情)”可知，该系统反应极快，效率高。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。最后一段“It can integrate with drones to spot remote wildfires early and firefighters’ tools to enhance safety. Beyond fire, the team says it may adapt to security threats or medical emergencies, expanding safety monitoring.(该系统可与无人机集成，早期发现偏远地区野火；同时连接消防设备以提升安全保障。研究团队表示，除防火外，该技术还可能适配安全威胁或医疗急救场景，从而拓展安全监测的应用范围)”提到系统可集成无人机、消防工具，并可能扩展至安全威胁或医疗紧急情况，强调其广泛应用潜力。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕“AI系统如何提升火灾检测与安全性”展开，突出其速度、准确性和应用前景，标题应体现“AI”与“火灾安全”两大核心。选项B“AI Powers Fire Security (AI助力消防安全)”准确概括主旨，适合作为标题。故选B项。 Passage 4 （2026·湖南省长沙市雨花区雅礼中学月考）For the past year, I’ve managed CRM with a workmate who never sleeps, never rests, and has read more than I could in 100 lifetimes. In daily meetings, I ask it to analyze competitors, improve speeches, or find hidden strategic blind spots. This workmate is my AI agent, and we work together constantly. We are entering the agentic age, the biggest transformation in work history. For the first time, machines can perform not only repetitive tasks but also mental work once reserved for humans. These AI agents — able to think, adapt, and act on their own — are already changing thousands of companies and will ultimately affect every job and person. As a tech company CEO, I believe this technology can bring huge economic growth and new businesses. It can also improve healthcare, education, and daily life. Yet some experts predict AI will soon reach“artificial general intelligence (AGI)”, matching or being smarter than humans and making people’s skills useless. There I disagree. AI like large language models (LLMs) is powerful but has limits. The biggest advances will come from AI agents that use LLMs and data to understand businesses and drive outcomes. However, there will always be frontiers only humans can cross. AI has no childhood, no heart. It does not love or feel loss. Because of that, it’s incapable of expressing true empathy or understanding human connection. Those are our superpowers: the forces that spark great inventions, that inspire artistic masterpieces, and that enable us to read a room, earn trust, and build lasting bonds. The critical question for leaders is not just what AI can do, but what role we choose for it. At CRM, we’ve made our choice. We are building a new operating system for businesses. It is designed for humans and AI to work together effectively. This is fundamentally changing the way we work. Since the end of last year, for example, customer-service agents managed by our employees have carried out more than 1.3 million conversations, resolving 85% of incoming queries. That’s giving our teams more time to deepen relationships with customers to ensure they’ re getting the most from our products. This is what it means to weave AI into the fabric of business. It’s not about overlaying a new technology on old workflows. It’s about empowering people, restoring time and energy for what matters most. 1．Why is the agentic age the biggest transformation in work history? A．AI becomes smarter than humans. B．AI has replaced most human workers. C．AI can now handle physical tasks efficiently. D．AI is performing once human-only mental tasks. 2．What are “our superpowers” in Paragraph 4? A．Skills that AI can learn from data. B．Human abilities to create and lead. C．Qualities AI gained through training. D．Talents for understanding businesses. 3．What is the primary function of the example provided in Paragraph 6? A．To predict the future of the company. B．To illustrate the effect of human-AI cooperation. C．To highlight the challenges in trying new technology. D．To explain the technical process of building an AI system. 4．Which of the following best serves as the title of the text? A．The AI Agent: A Growing Threat. B．The AI Agent: A Powerful Workforce. C．The Agentic Age: A Future Run by AI. D．The Agentic Age: A Human-AI Partnership. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了我们正进入智能体时代，这是工作历史上最大的变革，AI虽强大但有人类不可替代的能力，人类应选择好AI的角色，实现人机有效合作。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For the first time, machines can perform not only repetitive tasks but also mental work once reserved for humans.(机器第一次不仅可以执行重复性任务，还可以执行曾经专属于人类的脑力劳动)”可知，智能体时代是工作历史上最大的变革是因为人工智能正在执行曾经只有人类才能完成的脑力任务。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Those are our superpowers: the forces that spark great inventions, that inspire artistic masterpieces, and that enable us to read a room, earn trust, and build lasting bonds.(这些就是我们的超能力：激发伟大发明的力量，激发艺术杰作的力量，以及让我们能够读懂现场氛围、赢得信任和建立持久联系的力量)”可知，“我们的超能力”指的是人类创造和领导的能力。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段中“Since the end of last year, for example, customer-service agents managed by our employees have carried out more than 1.3 million conversations, resolving 85% of incoming queries. That’s giving our teams more time to deepen relationships with customers to ensure they’ re getting the most from our products.(例如，自去年年底以来，由我们员工管理的客户服务人员已经进行了超过130万次对话，解决了85%的来访咨询。这给了我们的团队更多的时间来加深与客户的关系，以确保他们从我们的产品中获得最大的收益)”可知，第六段中的例子主要是为了说明人机合作的效果。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇提出智能体时代，接着论述AI的能力与局限，强调人类在共情和创造力上的超能力，最后以CRM公司的实践为例，阐明其核心观点——未来是人类与AI协同工作的伙伴关系（，而非被AI取代。因此，D选项“智能体时代：人机合作”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 5 （2026·辽宁省协作校高三第二次考试）China has achieved a major breakthrough in renewable energy by launching a world-record floating wind turbine (涡轮机). Developed by state- owned China Huaneng Group and Dongfang Electric Corporation, this new turbine can generate 17 megawatts (MW) of electricity each year — enough to power about 40, 000 households. This innovation could greatly expand the use of wind energy worldwide, helping countries move away from fossil fuels. Unlike traditional offshore wind turbines, which are fixed to the seabed in shallow waters, this floating model can be placed in deep ocean areas where winds are stronger and more steady. The turbine stands 152 meters tall, with blades spanning 262 meters. Each rotation (旋转) covers an area the size of 7.5 standard soccer fields, making it highly efficient. By producing more power per turbine, this design reduces the number of turbines needed, cutting costs and speeding up the setup of new wind farms. It is also built to survive tough ocean conditions, including waves over 24 meters high and typhoons at level 17. The turbine will soon undergo testing off the coast of Yangjiang in southern China. If successful, it could be used in deep-water regions around the globe. Most of the world’s offshore wind potential lies in deep water — about 80% — where fixed-bottom turbines cannot be used. This makes floating technology imperative for the future of wind energy. Countries like Japan, which aims to develop up to 45 gigawatts of offshore wind by 2040, could benefit greatly from this technology. Floating wind power represents a key step toward a cleaner energy future. It allows more countries to access steady, powerful wind resources far from shore, supporting energy independence and reducing carbon emissions. This Chinese-built turbine is not just an engineering achievement — it offers a practical solution for generating large amounts of clean energy in places once considered unsuitable for wind farms. As the world looks for ways to fight climate change, innovations like this will play an important role in building a sustainable future. 1．What can we infer about the new floating wind turbine? A．It may contribute to global sustainable energy. B．It is an end result of international cooperation. C．It can provide electricity for 6, 300 homes daily. D．It will mainly generate power for coastal cities. 2．How does the new turbine differ from traditional ones? A．It can use winds in deep ocean areas. B．It is more affordable to construct. C．It requires minimal maintenance. D．It is fixed to the seabed in shallow seas. 3．What does the underlined word “imperative” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Standard. B．Vital. C．Distant. D．unrealistic. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How a new power source is being looked into. B．Why traditional wind turbines are low in productivity. C．What China’s breakthrough is in wind energy technology. D．Where some countries are competing for renewable energy. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国在可再生能源领域的重大突破——全球最大功率浮动式风力涡轮机的研发，介绍其技术特点、优势及对全球能源转型的意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“This innovation could greatly expand the use of wind energy worldwide, helping countries move away from fossil fuels.(这一创新可能极大扩展全球风能使用，帮助各国摆脱化石燃料)”和最后一段的句子“As the world looks for ways to fight climate change, innovations like this will play an important role in building a sustainable future. (随着世界寻找应对气候变化的方法，这样的创新将在建设可持续发展的未来中发挥重要作用)”可推断出，该涡轮机对全球可持续能源有贡献。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Unlike traditional offshore wind turbines, which are fixed to the seabed in shallow waters, this floating model can be placed in deep ocean areas where winds are stronger and more steady. (与固定在浅水海床上的传统海上风力涡轮机不同，这种浮动模型可以放置在风力更强、更稳定的深海地区)”可知，新型涡轮机与传统涡轮机的不同在于新型涡轮机可利用深海强风。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上一句“Most of the world’s offshore wind potential lies in deep water — about 80% — where fixed-bottom turbines cannot be used (世界上大部分海上风电的潜力都在深水中 —— 大约80% —— 在那里固定底部的涡轮机无法使用)，可推断浮动技术对未来风能发展“至关重要”。所以划线单词imperative的意义为“至关重要的”，与vital意义一致。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是文章第一句“China has achieved a major breakthrough in renewable energy by launching a world-record floating wind turbine (涡轮机).(中国在可再生能源方面取得了重大突破，推出了一个世界纪录的浮动风力涡轮机)”可知，全文核心是“中国研发出世界最大浮动式风力涡轮机，突破传统技术限制，推动全球风能发展”。选项C“What China’s breakthroughs is in wind energy technology (中国在风能技术上的突破)”准确概括主旨。故选C项。 阅读理解之主旨大意 1.(2025·北京卷·阅读理解C) Not too long ago, on a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no. The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll (翻屏) for an extra 30 minutes. The parent argued that none of her friends’ parents let them have screens after 9 o’clock. “I thought, in this family, we don’t compare ourselves with other people, Dad?” the teenager replied. The parent — who was me, by the way — just got served. Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people. I have argued countless times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”. Although my daughter didn’t win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. In my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed (利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work. The social comparisons we make — ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves — are vital to our ability to thrive (成长). Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts. Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don’t, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I.” Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances, or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views — for example, “Wow, things could be much worse; I’m doing great.” What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances. How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison. That’s something we all have control over. 28．How did the author feel about his daughter’s argument? A．Excited. B．Inspired. C．Energized. D．Relieved. 29．What does the word “nuances” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Major achievements. B．Complex feelings. C．Significant impacts. D．Fine differences. 30．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit B．Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties C．Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble D．Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science 【答案】28．B 29．D 30．A 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己和女儿关于能否延长看屏幕时间的争论，引出对社会比较这一观念的思考，指出并非所有社会比较都不健康，若理解其原理，可加以利用促进自我提升。 28．推理判断题。根据第二段“Although my daughter didn’t win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given. (虽然我女儿没有赢，但她确实帮助揭露了我曾经给出的最糟糕的建议之一。)” 以及后文作者对社会比较的重新思考可知，作者从女儿的争论中得到了启发。故选B。 29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“ In my defence, I did what we’ve all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances. But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. (为自己辩护一下，我做了我们所有人都做过的事，就是重复那些大家都认可的观点，却没有探究其中的____。但现在是时候纠正这个观点了，首先要质疑所有社会比较都是不健康的这一想法。)” 可知，作者之前只是重复普遍观点，没有深入探究不同情况，现在要重新审视，所以“nuances”意思可能是 “细微差别”。故选D。 30．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble. But they can be harnessed (利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work. (当然，社会比较常常会给我们带来情感困扰。但如果我们了解其运作原理，就可以利用它们来提升自我。)”，以及第四段 “Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don’t, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation (如果你关注那些比你表现出色的人所拥有而你没有的东西，与他们比较可能会导致嫉妒之情；但如果你将这些比较作为动力来源，它也可以让你充满活力并受到鼓舞)” 等内容，表明了社会比较并非全然有害，若运用得当可成为健康习惯，助力个人发展。所以选项 A“与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯”为最佳标题，故选A。 2.(2025·天津第一次卷·阅读理解D) Ask most people what “the good life” involves, and they will likely draw up a rapid list of goods — money, friendship, a rewarding career, etc. Even Aristotle, who believed that the key to happiness is the cultivation (培养) and exercise of virtue, still thought certain goods were either necessary conditions for happiness or were goods that came to virtuous people. If we’re comparing how happy various people’s lives are, it seems natural to look for certain goods, and compare who has more of them. Let’s imagine the lives of two actors, Toby and Ybot. Toby struggles to get work for many years, suffering all sorts of difficulties. He becomes a famous and wealthy actor, and wins an Oscar $