摘要:
该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了"Unit 3 Election Promises"内容,涵盖核心词汇、重点短语、核心句型及语法拓展(祈使句)四大范畴,搭建从词汇记忆到句型应用再到语法实践的递进式学习支架。
清单采用分类分级呈现知识体系,词汇标注词性、搭配及例句,短语附应用场景,句型含功能备注,语法拓展分核心用法、结构形式等模块,体现完整性和条理性。通过"promise to do sth."等搭配提示、竞选演讲句型"if you elect me..."等应用指导,培养学生语言能力和学习能力。特别设计"易混词对比"(如election/elect)、"句型功能标注"(如出入境常用句型),不同基础学生可快速掌握,教师可据此精准教学,提升课堂实效。
内容正文:
Unit 3 Election Promises 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词
音标
中文释义
词性
备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
election
/ɪˈlekʃn/
选举;推选
n.
可数名词,student election(学生选举)、presidential election(总统选举),例:The school held a student president election last week.(学校上周举行了学生会主席选举)
candidate
/ˈkændɪdət/(英)/ˈkændɪdeɪt/(美)
候选人
n.
可数名词,election candidate(选举候选人),例:Erica and Michael were the main candidates in the election.(埃丽卡和迈克尔是选举的主要候选人)
confident
/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/(英)/ˈkɑːnfɪdənt/(美)
自信的
adj.
搭配be confident of(对……有信心),例:Erica was confident that she would win the election.(埃丽卡自信能赢得选举)
promise
/ˈprɒmɪs/(英)/ˈprɑːmɪs/(美)
承诺;答应
v./n.
动词:promise to do sth.(承诺做某事);名词:make a promise(许下承诺),例:Michael promised to work hard for the students.(迈克尔承诺为学生们努力工作)
vote
/vəʊt/(英)/voʊt/(美)
投票;选票
v./n.
动词:vote for(投票支持);名词:cast a vote(投票),例:All students voted for their favorite candidate.(所有学生都为自己喜欢的候选人投了票)
campaign
/kæmˈpeɪn/
竞选活动;宣传运动
n.
可数名词,election campaign(竞选活动)、campaign speech(竞选演讲),例:The candidate gave a wonderful campaign speech.(这位候选人发表了精彩的竞选演讲)
president
/ˈprezɪdənt/
主席;总统
n.
可数名词,student president(学生会主席)、company president(公司总裁),例:Michael was elected student president.(迈克尔当选为学生会主席)
elect
/ɪˈlekt/
选举;推选
v.
搭配elect sb. + 职位(不加the),例:They elected her class president.(他们选举她为班长)
audience
/ˈɔːdiəns/(英)/ˈɔːdiəns/(美)
观众;听众
n.
集合名词,a large audience(大批观众),例:The audience clapped loudly after the speech.(演讲结束后,观众们热烈鼓掌)
principal
/ˈprɪnsəpl/
校长;负责人
n.
可数名词,school principal(校长),例:The principal announced the election result.(校长宣布了选举结果)
announce
/əˈnaʊns/
宣布;宣告
v.
搭配announce sth. to sb.(向某人宣布某事),例:He announced the good news to the class.(他向全班宣布了这个好消息)
issue
/ˈɪʃuː/(英)/ˈɪʃuː/(美)
问题;议题
n.
可数名词,key issue(关键问题)、social issue(社会问题),例:Homework and school uniforms are important issues for students.(作业和校服是学生们关心的重要问题)
passport
/ˈpɑːspɔːt/(英)/ˈpæspɔːrt/(美)
护照
n.
可数名词,valid passport(有效护照),例:You need a passport to travel abroad.(出国旅行需要护照)
nationality
/ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/
国籍;民族
n.
可数名词,dual nationality(双重国籍),例:The officer asked about his nationality at the airport.(机场工作人员询问了他的国籍)
literature
/ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/(英)/ˈlɪtrətʃʊr/(美)
文学;文学作品
n.
不可数名词,Chinese literature(中国文学),例:She plans to study literature in college.(她计划在大学学习文学)
immigration
/ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn/
移民;移民入境
n.
不可数名词,immigration office(移民局),例:He went through immigration at the airport.(他在机场办理了入境手续)
entry
/ˈentri/
进入;入境
n.
不可数名词,entry visa(入境签证),例:She applied for an entry visa to China.(她申请了中国入境签证)
victory
/ˈvɪktəri/
胜利;成功
n.
可数名词,win a victory(赢得胜利),例:Michael’s victory was a surprise to everyone.(迈克尔的胜利让所有人都很意外)
二、重点短语
英文短语
中文释义
搭配/例句
run for
竞选
She decided to run for student president.(她决定竞选学生会主席)
cast a vote
投票;投票表决
All citizens have the right to cast a vote.(所有公民都有投票权)
make a promise
许下承诺
A good leader should keep the promises he makes.(好的领导者应该信守自己许下的承诺)
keep a promise
遵守承诺
It’s important to keep your promise to others.(遵守对他人的承诺很重要)
campaign speech
竞选演讲
The candidate’s campaign speech won a lot of support.(这位候选人的竞选演讲赢得了很多支持)
vote for
投票支持
I voted for Michael because he was honest.(我投票支持迈克尔,因为他很诚实)
announce the result
宣布结果
The principal will announce the election result tomorrow.(校长明天将宣布选举结果)
immigration office
移民局;入境管理处
You need to go to the immigration office to get your visa.(你需要去移民局办理签证)
entry visa
入境签证
He spent a month applying for an entry visa.(他花了一个月时间申请入境签证)
the purpose of visit
访问目的
The officer asked about the purpose of his visit to the US.(工作人员询问了他去美国的访问目的)
be accepted to
被……录取
She was accepted to Peking University last year.(她去年被北京大学录取了)
no more
不再;再也没有
Erica promised no more homework, but it was impossible.(埃丽卡承诺不再有作业,但这是不可能的)
三、核心句型
句型结构
中文释义
例句
备注(用法说明)
What is the purpose of your visit?
你此次访问的目的是什么?
What is the purpose of your visit to China?(你此次来中国的目的是什么?)
出入境交际常用句型,用于询问访问意图
Where are you going to stay?
你打算住在哪里?
Where are you going to stay during your trip?(你旅行期间打算住在哪里?)
用于询问住宿安排,可替换为Where will you stay?
How long do you plan to stay?
你计划停留多久?
How long do you plan to stay in our city?(你计划在我们城市停留多久?)
询问停留时长,plan可替换为intend
If you elect me, I will + 动词原形.
如果你选举我,我会……。
If you elect me president, I will improve the school library.(如果你们选举我当主席,我会改善学校图书馆)
竞选演讲常用句型,表承诺
Sb. be confident that + 从句.
某人有信心……。
She is confident that she can win the election.(她有信心能赢得选举)
confident后接that从句表“对某事有信心”
Sb. make a promise to do sth.
某人承诺做某事。
He made a promise to help us with our studies.(他承诺帮助我们学习)
强调“主动许下的承诺”
It is important to + 动词原形.
做某事很重要。
It is important to keep your promises.(遵守承诺很重要)
it作形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式
Sb. be elected + 职位.
某人被选为……(职位)。
He was elected class monitor last week.(他上周被选为班长)
被动语态,职位前不加定冠词the
四、语法拓展:祈使句(Imperatives)详解
1. 核心用法
用法
含义
例句
表示命令
强硬要求对方做某事
Close the door!(把门关上!)
表示指令
给予操作指导或步骤
Fill out this form.(填写这张表格)
表示建议
委婉提出建议或提醒
Watch out for the steps!(小心台阶!)
表示邀请
热情邀请对方做某事
Come in and have a seat.(进来坐吧)
表示禁止
禁止对方做某事(否定式)
Don’t smoke here!(不要在这里抽烟!)
2. 结构形式
形式
结构
例句
肯定式
动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他
Read the instructions carefully.(仔细阅读说明书)
否定式
Don’t + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他
Don’t forget to sign your name.(别忘了签名)
强调式
Do + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他
Do listen to the teacher’s advice.(一定要听老师的建议)
委婉式
Please + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 其他
Please pass the salt.(请把盐递过来)
3. 反义疑问句
祈使句类型
反义疑问句形式
例句
肯定祈使句
will you? / won’t you? / can you?
Give me a hand, will you?(帮我一下,好吗?)
否定祈使句
will you?
Don’t tell anyone, will you?(别告诉任何人,好吗?)
Let’s 开头的祈使句
shall we?
Let’s vote together, shall we?(我们一起投票吧,好吗?)
Let us 开头的祈使句
will you?
Let us go now, will you?(让我们现在走吧,好吗?)
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