精品解析：上海市黄浦区上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

2025学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二英语 90分钟 满分100分 I. Listening Comprehension (20%) Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a supermarket. B. In a drug store. C. In a department store. D. In a ear repair shop. 2. A. 20 minutes. B. 45 minutes. C. 25 minutes. D. 65 minutes. 3. A. Professor and student. B. Director and actor. C. Writer and advertiser. D. Hostess and guest. 4. A. She picked up the book from the bus stop. B. She can help the man out. C. She’s also in need of a chemistry textbook. D. She will help the man to find the right person. 5. A. Take the test in three weeks. B. Call to make inquiries about the test results. C. Be patient and wait for the test results. D. Inquire about the date when the results will be released. 6. A. He set fire to the building. B. He parked his car beside the building. C. He was trying to clear the road with the help of some other people. D. He found out what was going on. 7. A. He’s going to the theatre. B. He’s just returned from a job interview. C. He’s just visited his tailor. D. He’s dressed up to have his photo taken. 8. A. Registering for courses. B. Studying engineering and art history. C. Buying literature books. D. Going to the registry office. 9. A. The Jenkins made a wise investment. B. It is not sensible to make such an investment. C. The Jenkins should buy the stocks later. D. It is essential that the Jenkins should move out. 10. A. It is not a good timing to build it. B. It should have been built earlier. C. She is curious about this plan. D. She doubts how long the plan will take. Section B Passage Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. South Korean Women. B. American citizens. C. People in industrialized countries. D. People with economic improvements. 12. A. High premature deaths. B. Overweight citizens. C. A lack of public health care. D. A shortage in new medical technologies. 13. A. More facilities should be established. B. Additional pressure should be put on pensions. C. People should retire at an earlier age. D. People should be provided with more payments. Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Because of the security of the job. B. For a promotion to the Executive Director. C. To inspire the folks in the community. D. To enrich others and her own lives. 15. A. The speaker graduated in law and used to earn generous salaries. B. Spelman is a non-profit institute which turns out social workers. C The audiences are regarded as beautiful because they all belong to Spelman. D. Public service is rewarding both in a spiritual and material sense. 16. A. Urging classmates to get involved in public service. B. Expressing gratitude to the audience for their volunteer work. C. Deliverying a speech to the graduates from Spelman College. D. Illustrating how. to help others as one climbs his career ladder. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. May 19th. B. May 20th. C. May 23th. D. May 16th. 18. A. Three meals a day. B. Train fare. C. Competition entrance fee D. Floor space. 19. A. The entrance fee is 16 euros this year. B. College basket teams abroad can enter for the game by phone. C. It is the 80th anniversary of the Tampere Student Game. D. The game will end with a ceremony in the last evening. 20. A. Students can enjoy a reduced rate during that period. B. All the basketball teams live in that hotel. C. It will provide three meals to the players living there. D. It is close to where all the matches are held. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Robotaxi Revolution In San Francisco and Shenzhen, the future is already here. Between April and June Waymo, an American firm, conducted 2. 2m robotaxi trips in California — five times as many as in the same period in 2024. Over the same three months Baidu, a Chinese tech giant, provided 2. 2m trips across 16 mostly Chinese cities. That is exciting for residents of those places. ____1____ private cars, robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space and make urban life more comfortable. ____2____ (have) fewer accidents than human drivers, they are almost certainly saving lives. Yet in many places ____3____ regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis, city residents have less to celebrate. In New York, the use of autonomous vehicles in paid for-hire services is prohibited. City councilors in Boston have proposed a law that would require a “human-safety operator” in each car. In Germany robocabs must be monitored by a human at all times. Some policy makers worry robotaxis could crash into pedestrians or oncoming traffic and ____4____ they will displace human workers, who must be protected. However, ____5____ of these justifications holds water. Consider safety first. Regulators are right to require that new technology ____6____ (test) . But the evidence so far is encouraging. A study by Waymo and Swiss Re, a insurer, finds that Waymo robotaxis ____7____ (involve) in 88% fewer property-damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims per mile than humans. Other firms may struggle ____8____ (match) those numbers, and the vehicles have so far been let loose in “easy” cities. Still, the figures suggest that robotaxis will make roads safer. Regulators in the West could follow China and make it easier to run pilot projects. What about the job-killing effects? In San Francisco robotaxis are replacing private cars rather than manned taxis. Although robotaxis have sprung up, demand for ordinary cabs has held up, perhaps because they are sometimes more available. Human drivers are most useful at peak demand, ____9____ fares are highest. Even with skillful regulation, robotaxis would not be everywhere. The challenge of making them commercially sustainable would remain. Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000; mapping and testing ____10____ be expensive. Remove regulatory roadblocks and firms could at least have the chance to expand their operations, improve the technology and bring down costs — while more consumers enjoy the ride. 【答案】1. Unlike 2. Having 3. where 4. that 5. neither 6. should be tested##be tested 7. are involved 8. to match 9. when 10. can 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无人驾驶出租车的发展现状、面临的监管挑战以及对其安全性和就业影响的评估。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：与私家车不同，无人驾驶出租车几乎可以连续使用；它们越受欢迎，就越能释放空间，让城市生活更加舒适。根据“robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space”可知，无人驾驶出租车与私家车在空间占用和使用方式上形成对比，无人驾驶出租车与私家车不同，应用介词unlike，意为“与……不同”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unlike。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们发生的事故比人类司机少，几乎肯定能拯救生命。“(have) fewer accidents than human drivers”作原因状语，have(有)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Having。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，在许多监管成为自动驾驶出租车障碍的地方，城市居民没什么可庆祝的。“__3__ regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词many places，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【4题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：一些政策制定者担心机器人出租车会撞上行人或迎面而来的车辆，还担心它们会取代人类工人，必须保护人类工人。“__4__ they will displace human workers, who must be protected”是并列宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连词that引导该从句，且不能省略。故填that。 【5题详解】 考查代词。句意：然而，这些理由都站不住脚。根据后文“Consider safety first.”和“What about the job-killing effects?”可知，作者将分别驳斥上文提到的“安全问题”和“就业问题”这两个理由，即“没有哪一个理由是站得住脚的”，应用否定词neither(两者都不)。故填neither。 6题详解】 考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：监管机构要求对新技术进行测试是正确的。require意为“要求”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”，test(测试)是从句谓语动词，与主语new technology之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即(should) be tested。故填(should) be tested。 【7题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：Waymo和瑞士再保险公司的一项研究发现，Waymo无人驾驶出租车每英里的财产损失索赔比人类少88%，人身伤害索赔少92%。find后的宾语从句描述研究发现的事实，应用一般现在时态，谓语动词involve(牵涉，涉及)与主语Waymo robotaxis之间是被动关系(车辆被牵涉进事故中)，故谓语用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are involved。故填are involved。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其他公司可能很难达到这些数字，而且这些车辆迄今为止只在“容易”的城市中行驶。struggle to do sth.是固定短语，意为“努力做某事，挣扎着做某事”。故填to match。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：人类司机在需求高峰时最有用，此时票价最高。“__9__ fares are highest”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peak demand，关系词将其代入定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：每辆Waymo汽车，包括所有传感器和最新软件，据说成本约为15万美元；绘图和测试可能很昂贵。根据上文“Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000”描述当前高成本的事实，由此推知，绘图和测试“可能”也很昂贵，应用情态动词can表示“可能”。故填can。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. universal B. assess C. evenly D. glorifies E. genuine F. fuels G. perspective H. prioritize I. rarely J. approach K. arises Every fall, university students across the country prepare themselves for the same academic storm: midterms. Libraries fill up, coffee consumption skyrockets and the collective stress on campus mounts. But as another testing season passes, a question ____11____: are midterms helping students learn, or are they just another outdated academic tradition that does more harm than good? In an informal study of about 30 University of Idaho students from various majors and years, a small portion of students defended midterms. But the overwhelming (压倒性的) majority voiced frustration. This mix of opinions highlights a larger truth: while midterms were designed to ____12____ understanding and encourage consistent study habits, the reality is that they often fail to achieve those goals. Instead, they’ve become a ritual that ____13____ stress and burnout rather than meaningful learning. Let’s start with the minority view, those who actually appreciate midterms. They said that midterms give them a checkpoint in their education. This ____14____ reflects the original purpose of midterms: to provide both students and professors with feedback halfway through the semester. Ideally, a midterm helps students identify their weak areas, while giving instructors insight into how well their teaching methods are working. However, this feeling is far from ____15____ . For most students, midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment. And that’s the heart of the issue. Midterms often just increase stress to unhealthy levels. When every class demands a major exam within the same week period, students are stretched thin and tend to ____16____ test performance over true understanding. Another common complaint is that midterms ____17____ reflect real learning. Memorizing formulas, flashcards or historical dates might yield a good grade, but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension. The problem isn’t that exams are bad. Students should absolutely be evaluated on what they know. But the way we test that knowledge needs to change. Many professors have started to use quizzes that reduce pressure while still providing feedback throughout the semester. This ____18____ is more in line with how real-world learning works: increasing gradually, reflective and applied. Midterms don’t have to disappear completely, but they do need to be changed. If they are going to continue, they should be reimagined as tools for learning rather than reasons for stress. That means designing exams that test understanding instead of memorization, spreading assignments more ____19____ throughout the semester and providing flexible options for students who learn differently. Universities also need to address the culture surrounding midterms, one that ____20____ all-nighters, caffeine overloads and burnout as signs of dedication. Academic strictness does not have to mean academic suffering. 【答案】11. K 12. B 13. F 14. G 15. A 16. H 17. I 18. J 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨大学期中考试的利弊，指出其初衷是评估学习情况，但如今常加剧压力，建议改革考试方式以促进真正学习。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：但随着又一个考试季过去，一个问题浮现出来：期中考试是在帮助学生学习，还是只是另一个弊大于利的过时学术传统？根据“a question”可知，此处指问题出现，arises意为“出现，产生”，符合“考试季过后引发思考”的语境。故选K。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这种观点混合凸显了一个更大的事实：虽然期中考试的设计初衷是评估学生的理解程度并鼓励持续的学习习惯，但实际上它们往往未能实现这些目标。根据“understanding”及考试的作用可知，此处指评估学生对知识的理解，assess意为“评估，评定”，符合“考试检测学习效果”的初衷。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：相反，它们已经变成了一种加剧压力和倦怠，而非促进有意义学习的惯例。根据“stress and burnout”可知，此处指期中考试会加重学生的压力，fuels意为“加剧，激起”，符合“考试带来负面情绪”的语境。故选F。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种观点反映了期中考试的初衷：在学期过半时为学生和教授提供反馈。根据前文“those who actually appreciate midterms”可知，此处指支持期中考试的学生的看法，perspective意为“观点，看法”，符合语境。故选G。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，这种感受远非普遍存在。根据后文“For most students, midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment”可知，只有少数学生认可期中考试，这种感受并不普遍，universal意为“普遍的”，符合“少数与多数观点对比”的逻辑。故选A。 16题详解】 考查动词。句意：当每门课都要求在同一周内进行大型考试时，学生们会不堪重负，往往会优先考虑考试成绩而非真正的理解。根据“test performance over true understanding”可知，此处指学生更重视考试分数，prioritize意为“优先考虑”，符合“学生应对多门考试时的取舍”的语境。故选H。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：另一个常见的抱怨是，期中考试很少能反映真正的学习效果。根据后文“Memorizing formulas...might yield a good grade, but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension”可知，靠死记硬背取得的成绩不能体现真正的学习，rarely意为“很少，难得”，符合“学生质疑考试价值”的语境。故选I。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种方法更符合现实世界中的学习方式：循序渐进、反思性和应用性。根据前文“Many professors have started to use quizzes that reduce pressure”可知，此处指教授采用的小测验这种新方式，approach意为“方法，方式”，符合“替代期中考试的新举措”的语境。故选J。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：这意味着设计考查理解而非记忆的考试，在整个学期中更均匀地分配作业，并为学习方式不同的学生提供灵活的选择。根据“spreading assignments”可知，此处指作业分配更均衡，evenly意为“均匀地，平均地”，符合“减轻学生集中备考压力”的改革思路。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：大学还需要改变围绕期中考试的文化，这种文化将通宵熬夜、过量摄入咖啡因和身心俱疲吹捧为敬业的象征。根据“all-nighters...as signs of dedication”可知，此处指错误的校园文化将备考的痛苦行为美化，glorifies意为“吹捧，美化”，符合“批判不良学术文化”的语境。故选D。 III. Reading (31%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Time for a new you? We sort ourselves into introverts and extroverts, but the truth is that personality is more plastic than you think, says Claudia. There is a belief in modern therapy culture saying that you shouldn’t try to change — you are perfectly imperfect, and that the right people will accommodate your every unique characteristic. Relatedly, personality has ___21___ been defined as a pretty stable collection of characteristics. Indeed, you might believe you are controlled by the genetic hand you were dealt at birth when it comes to things like how agreeable or conscientious you are. However, there is plenty of evidence that our personalities are more flexible than we believed, fueling fascination with the ___22___ of personality change to improve our lives. For example, a 2024 study found that three months of digital coaching reliably ___23___ personalities like emotional stability and conscientiousness. Other characteristics provide further support for the flexibility of personality. Most people will label themselves ___24___ as extroverts or introverts. But Carl Jung, who coined these terms, said they are a spectrum (范围) and that there is no such thing as a “ ___25___ ” introvert or extrovert. Some of us may be more likely to enjoy the role of chief party entertainer, while others tend to prefer ___26___ responding to their surroundings. However, these preferences are ___27___ . Who you are on a cold winter Wednesday is likely to be different to who you are on a sunny Saturday. Whatever your ___28___ , staying socially connected is crucial for well-being. Acting a bit extroverted helps you deal with stress’s physical effects, like higher blood pressure or heart rate. The Harvard Study of Adult Development, an 80-year project tracking the lives of about 700 men in order to understand the core ___29___ of a happy and healthy life, found that nothing matters more than good social relationships. Even if you regard yourself as a (n) ___30___ introvert, embracing a more social approach may be easier than you think. Indeed, research from 2022 shows that it is the strength of someone’s ___31___ as an introvert, more than how highly they score on personalities of introversion, that makes them uncomfortable when asked to act more outgoing. This indicates that a more ___32___ attitude towards self-image can help to drive deliberate change. Already highly extroverted? Perhaps you would benefit from working to boost your capacity for reflection, a characteristic often found in those who lean towards a quieter life. ___33___ , enhancing other characteristics linked with well-being-like good emotional regulation or becoming more ___34___ to new experiences has repeatedly been shown to be possible. Challenging the idea of ___35___ personality types could make us all happier. But first, you might need to accept a painful truth: maybe trying to change isn’t such a bad idea. 21. A. precisely B. conventionally C. rigidly D. formally 22. A. craft B. core C. creativity D. code 23. A. determined B. increased C. weakened D. managed 24. A. automatically B. effortlessly C. exclusively D. specifically 25. A. reliable B. quick C. pure D. common 26. A. quietly B. actively C. closely D. unnecessarily 27. A. stable B. changeable C. strong D. personal 28. A. limitations B. habits C. symptoms D. tendencies 29. A. meanings B. goals C. drawbacks D. components 30. A. transformed B. confirmed C. devoted D. reversed 31. A. emphasis B. observation C. attitude D. identity 32. A. relaxed B. formal C. positive D. reliable 33. A. Generally B. Additionally C. Consequently D. Similarly 34. A. open B. indifferent C. grateful D. subject 35. A. individual B. fascinating C. fixed D. changeable 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。论述了人格并非固定不变，而是具有可塑性，结合研究与理论说明人格的灵活性，探讨主动调整人格对生活的积极意义。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此相关的是，人格通常被定义为一组相当稳定的特质。A. precisely精确地；B. conventionally通常地；C. rigidly严格地；D. formally正式地。根据上文“personality”和下文“defined as a pretty stable collection of characteristics”可知，句中在谈论对人格的定义，这是学术届的共识，是通常的认知，conventionally符合语境。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有大量证据表明我们的人格比想象中更灵活，这激发了人们对塑造人格以改善生活的兴趣。A. craft技艺；B. core 核心；C. creativity创造力；D. code代码。根据上文“our personalities are more flexible than we believed”及下文“personality change to improve our lives”可知，此处指塑造人格的方式，craft符合语境。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2024年的一项研究发现，三个月的数字辅导可靠地提升了情绪稳定性、责任心等人格特质。A. determined决定；B. increased提升；C. weakened削弱；D. managed管理。根据上文“personality change to improve our lives”及下文“emotional stability and conscientiousness”可知，此处指提升积极人格特质，increased符合语境。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人会把自己完全归为外向者或内向者。A. automatically自动地；B. effortlessly轻松地；C. exclusively完全地；D. specifically具体地。根据上文“the flexibility of personality”及下文“they are a spectrum (范围)”可知，人们常完全绝对地划分自己的人格类型，exclusively符合语境。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但创造这些术语的Carl Jung说，它们是一个范围，不存在纯粹的内向者或外向者。A. reliable可靠的；B. quick快速的；C. pure纯粹的；D. common常见的。根据上文“they are a spectrum (范围)”可知，此处指不存在纯粹的单一人格类型，pure符合语境。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们中的一些人可能更喜欢扮演派对主娱乐者的角色，而另一些人倾向于安静地回应周围环境。A. quietly安静地；B. actively积极地；C. closely紧密地；D. unnecessarily不必要地。根据上文“introvert or extrovert”、“Some of us may be more likely to enjoy the role of chief party entertainer”、“while others”及下文“those who lean towards a quieter life”可知，这类人(偏内向的人)会安静地回应环境，quietly符合语境。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些偏好是会变化的。A. stable稳定的；B. changeable可变的；C. strong强烈的；D. personal个人的。根据上文“the flexibility of personality”及下文“Who you are on a cold winter Wednesday is likely to be different to who you are on a sunny Saturday”可知，偏好是会变的，changeable符合语境。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你的倾向如何，保持社交联系对幸福感至关重要。A. limitations限制；B. habits习惯；C. symptoms症状；D. tendencies倾向。根据上文“these preferences”可知，此处指人格倾向，tendencies符合语境。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈佛成人发展研究是一个为期80年的项目，追踪约700名男性的生活，以了解幸福健康生活的核心组成部分，发现没有什么比良好的社会关系更重要。A. meanings意义；B. goals目标；C. drawbacks缺点；D. components组成部分。根据下文“nothing matters more than good social relationships”可知，此处指幸福生活的要素、组成部分，components符合语境。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使你认为自己是坚定的内向者，采取更社交的方式可能比你想象的更容易。A. transformed转变的；B. confirmed坚定的；C. devoted忠诚的；D. reversed相反的。根据上文“Most people will label themselves __4__ as extroverts or introverts. But Carl Jung, who coined these terms, said they are a spectrum (范围)”及下文“embracing a more social approach may be easier than you think”可知，此处指坚定的内向者，confirmed符合语境。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年的研究表明，是某人作为内向者的身份认同，而非内向型人格的得分，让他们在被要求更外向时感到不适。A. emphasis强调；B. observation 观察；C. attitude态度；D. identity身份认同。根据下文“as an introvert”及下文“makes them uncomfortable”可知，此处指自我身份认同，identity符合语境。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这表明对自我形象更放松的态度有助于推动刻意的改变。A. relaxed放松的；B. formal正式的；C. positive积极的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文“the flexibility of personality”、“makes them uncomfortable”及下文“can help to drive deliberate change”可知，更放松、更不拘谨的自我形象的态度(即不把自己“固化”为某种类型)更利于改变，relaxed符合语境。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，增强与幸福感相关的其他特质，比如良好的情绪调节或更乐于接受新体验，也被反复证明是可能的。A. Generally通常；B. Additionally此外；C. Consequently因此；D. Similarly同样。根据上文“Already highly extroverted? Perhaps you would benefit from working to boost your capacity for reflection”及下文“enhancing other characteristics linked with well-being-like good emotional regulation”可知，此处指内向者同样也能改善，Similarly符合语境。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样，增强与幸福感相关的其他特质，比如良好的情绪调节或更乐于接受新体验，也被反复证明是可能的。A. open乐于接受的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. grateful感激的；D. subject易受……影响的。根据下文“to new experiences”可知，此处指对新体验保持开放的心态、乐于接受新体验，open符合语境。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：挑战固定人格类型的观念可以让我们更快乐。A. individual个体的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. fixed固定的；D. changeable可变的。根据上文“personality is more plastic than you think”及“further support for the flexibility of personality”可知，此处指挑战固定的人格类型观念，fixed符合语境。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Best things to do in Rome Italy 1. Places to visit: Colosseum The number 1 attraction of Rome is the Colosseum; the large amphitheater (竞技场) that housed 65, 000 audiences in Roman days. Gladiators (角斗士) battled each other as well as wild animals in the Colosseum’s arena (角斗场) , which is considered one of the seven modern wonders of the world. In the giant “ruins” of the Colosseum, you can visit the stands, the arena and the underground spaces of the largest Roman amphitheater. Warning: Owing to the huge number of visitors, it is always necessary to book Colosseum tickets in advance. You have 3 options for tickets: book combitickets including the Roman Forum, book a Colosseum guided tour and the most popular option is to compare the different Rome City Passes. 2. Trevi Fountain of Rome The most famous fountain in the capital of Italy and perhaps even the world must be the “Fontana di Trevi”, or Trevi Fountain. This baroque fountain, located on the Piazza di Trevi, was built in the 18th century and a must-see at the list of “best things to do in Rome”. The landmark and monument displays the god of the sea, Neptune on his chariot (马车) . No visit or Rome sightseeing is complete without throwing a coin in the Trevi Fountain, as this means the person will “one day return to Rome Italy”. 3. Must see: Pantheon One of the best maintained buildings from Roman times is the Pantheon. What function the building had in those days is still not clear, but the Pantheon was given to the pope (教皇) by emperor Hadrian in 608. The current church has several unique funerary monuments (painter Raphael and a few Italian kings) , as well as a remarkably large and open dome (屋顶) . 36. What can we learn about the Colosseum from the passage? A. It has been restored from ruins to welcome more visitors. B. Booking tickets beforehand is strongly recommended. C. Visitors can tour diverse arenas in Rome with a combiticket. D. It is the only one of the seven modern wonders in Rome. 37. What do these three scenic spots have in common according to the passage? A. They all have a long history dating back to Roman times. B. The Rome City Pass includes entry to these three attractions. C. The three spots serve completely different roles and purposes. D. They are all located in the downtown area in the center of Rome. 38. Where is this text most probably taken from? A. An art history textbook. B. A personal travel blog. C. A travel guide website. D. A local museum brochure. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了意大利罗马的三个必去景点：罗马斗兽场、特莱维喷泉和万神殿，并简要说明了每个景点的特色和参观建议。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据1. Places to visit: Colosseum标题下“Warning: Owing to the huge number of visitors, it is always necessary to book Colosseum tickets in advance.(警告：由于游客众多，务必提前预订罗马斗兽场的门票)”可知，提前预订罗马斗兽场的门票是强烈推荐的。 故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据1. Places to visit: Colosseum标题下“The number 1 attraction of Rome is the Colosseum; the large amphitheater (竞技场) that housed 65, 000 audiences in Roman days.(罗马的第一大景点是罗马斗兽场，这个大型竞技场在罗马时代可容纳65000名观众)”、2. Trevi Fountain of Rome标题下“The most famous fountain in the capital of Italy and perhaps even the world must be the “Fontana di Trevi”, or Trevi Fountain. This baroque fountain, located on the Piazza di Trevi, was built in the 18th century and a must-see at the list of “best things to do in Rome”.(意大利首都乃至世界上最著名的喷泉一定是“特莱维喷泉”。这座巴洛克风格的喷泉位于特莱维广场，建于18世纪，是罗马“最佳活动”清单上的必看景点)”以及3. Must see: Pantheon标题下“One of the best maintained buildings from Roman times is the Pantheon.(万神殿是罗马时代保存最完好的建筑之一)”可知，这三个景点都可以追溯到罗马时代，有着悠久的历史。 故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了罗马的三个著名景点，包括它们的特色和参观建议，这是典型的旅游指南内容，因此最有可能来自一个旅游指南网站。 故选C。 B Artists often dismiss business people as money-obsessed bores. Or worse, many business people, for their part, assume that artists are a bunch of ambitious wasters. Bosses may stick a few modernist paintings on their boardroom walls. But they seldom take the arts seriously as a source of inspiration. The bias (偏见) starts at business school, where “hard” things such as numbers matter a lot. It is strengthened by everyday experience. Bosses constantly remind their employees that if you can’t count it, it doesn’t count. Few read about art. Sun Tzu’s The Art of War《孙子兵法》 does not count. However, some popular business books are pleased with their low quality: consider Wess Roberts’ Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun. But lately there are welcome signs of a changing on the business side of the great cultural gap. Business presses are publishing a series of books such as The Fine Art of Success, by Jamie Anderson. Mr. Anderson points out that many artists have also been superb innovators. Damien Hirst was even more enterprising. He not only realized that overnight millionaire collectors would pay extraordinary sums for dead cows and jewel- decorated skulls (头骨) , but also altered the image of the art world by selling his work directly through Sotheby’s, an auction house. Whatever they think of his work, business people cannot help admiring a man who attracted art lovers to pay £75. 5 million on the day when Lehman Brothers collapsed. Studying the arts can help business people communicate more eloquently (雄辩地) . Most bosses spend a huge amount of time “messaging”, yet few are much good at it. Half an hour with George Orwell’s Why I Write would work wonders. Studying the arts can also help companies learn how to manage bright people. Rob Goffee of the London Business School points out that today’s most productive companies are dominated by what they call “clevers” who are the headaches to manage. They hate being told what to do by managers whom they regard as foolish. They refuse to give in to performance reviews. In short, they are prima donnas. Studying the art world might even hold out the biggest prize of helping business become more innovative. Companies are searching the world for new ideas. In their hunt for creativity, they surely have something to learn from the creative industries. Look at how modern artists adapted to the arrival of photography, a technology that could have made them unneeded, or how J. K. Rowling kept trying even when publishers rejected her novel. 39. Which book might be considered by the author as having the least value? A. The Art of War B. Leadership Secret s of Attila the Hun C. The Fine Art of success D. Why I Write 40. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT cited as a direct benefit for business people who study the arts? A. Improved ability to attract and manage highly intelligent, creative employees. B. Enhanced communication skills and more effective messaging. C. A proven methodology for increasing quarterly shareholder profits. D. A potential pathway to greater innovation and creative problem-solving. 41. Which of the following can be inferred from the article? A. In business schools, students are taught to overlook things that can be counted. B. The best way for bosses to manage clever employees is to show them art works. C. By reading George Orwell’s Why I Write, bosses can type messages more quickly. D. Damien Hirst had a business mind and sold his art works at an incredibly high price. 42. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Artists’ Bias against Business B. The Integration of Business and Art C. The Effect of Innovation on Companies D. A Booming Art Market 【答案】39. B 40. C 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨商界与艺术界的隔阂，提出学习艺术能为商界人士带来沟通、管理、创新等多方面益处。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, some popular business books are pleased with their low quality: consider Wess Roberts’ Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun.(然而，一些流行的商业书籍却满足于自身的劣质，比如韦斯·罗伯茨的《匈奴王阿提拉的领导秘诀》。)”可知，作者认为《匈奴王阿提拉的领导秘诀》这本商业书籍价值最低。故选B项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Studying the arts can help business people communicate more eloquently.(学习艺术可以帮助商界人士更富有说服力地沟通。)”、第六段中的“Studying the arts can also help companies learn how to manage bright people.(学习艺术还可以帮助企业学会如何管理优秀人才。)”、第七段中的“Studying the art world might even hold out the biggest prize of helping business become more innovative.(研究艺术界甚至可能带来最大的收获，即帮助企业变得更具创新性。)”可知，学习艺术能提升沟通能力、助力管理优秀人才、推动商业创新，并未提及能提高季度股东利润的成熟方法。故选C项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He not only realized that overnight millionaire collectors would pay extraordinary sums for dead cows and jewel- decorated skulls (头骨) , but also altered the image of the art world by selling his work directly through Sotheby’s, an auction house. Whatever they think of his work, business people cannot help admiring a man who attracted art lovers to pay £75. 5 million on the day when Lehman Brothers collapsed. (他不仅意识到那些一夜暴富的收藏家会为动物尸骨标本和珠宝装饰的头骨支付天价，还通过直接委托拍卖行苏富比销售自己的作品，改变了艺术界的固有印象。无论商界人士对他的作品持何种看法，他们都不禁折服于这样一个人——在雷曼兄弟破产的当天，他仍能吸引艺术爱好者豪掷7550万英镑购买其作品。)”可知，达明·赫斯特极具商业头脑，其作品卖出了极高的价格。故选D项。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇指出商界与艺术界的偏见，随后论述学习艺术对商界的诸多好处，核心是围绕商业与艺术的融合展开。因此“商业与艺术的融合”适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important firm leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy and how fast the company actually moves. ___43___ In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up” improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period. ___44___ They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services. In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. ___45___ And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast, performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes. Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. ___46___ That kind of strategy must come from the top. A. How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? B. Teams that regularly take time to get things right are more successful in meeting their business goals. C. More haste, less speed proves wrong in the study. D. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. E. They valued efficiency rather than consideration. F. They encouraged new ways of thinking. 【答案】43. D 44. A 45. F 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨企业经营中的战略速度与运营速度差异，论证适时放缓节奏对提升业绩的重要意义。 【43题详解】 根据空前的“In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important firm leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy and how fast the company actually moves. (在商业领域，存在一种速度差异：这种差异指的是企业领导者口中速度对竞争战略的重要性，与公司实际运营速度之间的差距。)”可知，此空应强调该速度差异的重要性，D选项“The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. (无论行业与公司规模如何，这种差异都至关重要。)”中的the difference指代前文的speed difference，承接前文内容，符合语境。故选D项。 【44题详解】 根据空前的“In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up” improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period. (在我们对343家企业的研究中，那些选择一味求快以抢占先机的公司，最终销售额和营业利润均低于那些在关键时刻暂停、确保方向正确的公司。此外，那些“以慢求快”的企业业绩表现持续向好，三年内销售额平均增长40%，营业利润平均增长52%。)”以及空后的“They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. (它们对“慢”和“快”的定义有着不同的理解。)”可知，此空应提出设问，引出这些高业绩企业的独特之处，A选项“How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? (它们是如何打破商业物理法则，比竞争对手耗时更久却表现更出色的呢？)”中的they指代前文的the firms that “slowed down to speed up”，衔接前后文逻辑，符合语境。故选A项。 【45题详解】 根据空前的“In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. (在我们的研究中，那些具备战略速度、业绩表现优异的公司总会在必要时做出调整。它们更乐于接纳各类想法，也更愿意开展相关探讨。)”以及空后的“And they allowed time to look back and learn. (同时，它们会留出时间复盘总结、吸取经验。)”可知，此空应说明这些高业绩企业的具体做法，与前后句形成并列，F选项“They encouraged new ways of thinking. (它们鼓励全新的思维方式。)”中的they指代前文的higher-performing companies，承接前文内容，符合语境。故选F项。 【46题详解】 根据空前的“Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. (战略速度本身就是一种领导力的体现。)”以及空后的“That kind of strategy must come from the top. (这种战略必须自上而下推行。)”可知，此空应强调具备战略速度的团队更容易达成目标，B选项“Teams that regularly take time to get things right are more successful in meeting their business goals. (那些经常花时间把事情做对的团队，更能成功达成商业目标。)”承接前文战略速度的话题，且引出后文战略推行的要求，符合语境。故选B项。 第Ⅱ卷 (共23分) Ⅲ. Translation (3+4+4=11分) 47. 我们学校的特色是各种各样的创新课程，课程的老师都经验丰富，关爱学生。 (feature) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our school features a variety of innovative courses, whose teachers are experienced and care about students. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语。表示“我们学校”用our school，作主语；表示“特色是”用动词feature，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数features；表示“各种各样的”用固定短语a variety of；表示“创新课程”用innovative courses，作宾语。表示“课程的老师都经验丰富，关爱学生”用定语从句，从句中：表示“老师”用teachers，作主语，系动词用are；从句修饰先行词the teachers，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，用whose引导；表示“经验丰富”用experienced，作表语；表示“关爱学生”用care about students，此处用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形care。故翻译为Our school features a variety of innovative courses, whose teachers are experienced and care about students. 48. 莎士比亚把世界比作一个舞台，而杨绛则说世界是我们自己的，与别人无关。 (compare) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Shakespeare compared the world to a stage, while Yang Jiang said that the world belongs to us and has nothing to do with others. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和并列句。句子陈述过去发生的事实，用一般过去时；“莎士比亚”为Shakespeare ，作前一个分句的主语，表示“把…… 比作……”用固定短语compare...to...，谓语动词用过去式compared；表示“世界”用名词the world，定冠词the表示特指，表示“舞台”用名词a stage，不定冠词提示为泛指；前一个分句翻译为Shakespeare compared the world to a stage；“而”用while连接两个并列分句，表对比；后一分句中“杨绛”为Yang Jiang，作主语；“说”为say，过去式为said；“世界是我们自己的，与别人无关”用that引导宾语从句，作said 的宾语，宾语从句陈述事实，用一般现在时；“世界”用名词the world，定冠词the表示特指，作从句主语；“是我们自己的”可以转述为“属于我们”用belong to us，“与别人无关”用have nothing to do with others，主语为单数，动词belong和have用第三人称单数belongs和has，且用and连接并列谓语动词。故翻译为Shakespeare compared the world to a stage, while Yang Jiang said that the world belongs to us and has nothing to do with others. 49. 令她感到开心的是，她“双十一”网购的商品，特点和网红评价的完全一致。 (identical) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To her delight, the goods she bought online during Double 11 were identical in features to what the internet celebrities had commented on. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“令某人高兴的是”短语为to one’s delight；主语“商品”为the goods，后跟省略关系词的定语从句，主语为she；表示“网购”用buy online，发生在过去用一般过去时；表示“双十一”可用during Double 11；表示“完全一致”短语为be identical to，发生在过去用一般过去时；表示“特点”用名词features；表示“网红评价的”翻译为what引导的宾语从句，为what the internet celebrities had commented on，表示过去的过去为过去完成时。故翻译为To her delight, the goods she bought online during Double 11 were identical in features to what the internet celebrities had commented on. IV. Guided Writing (12分) 50. Directions: Write an English composition in 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的李华。英语教研组计划为学生开设选修课，请你给教学处写一封信提出建议。建议需包括以下内容： 1. 选修课名称； 2. 选修课内容； 3. 你的理由或原因。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a student from Mingqi High School. I’m writing to offer a sincere suggestion concerning the English optional courses that our school’s English teaching and research group intends to launch for us students. I suggest a course named English Poetry Reading & Creation. In this course, we can read classic English poems by famous poets, appreciate their beautiful language and deep meanings, and try writing our own short poems under the teacher’s guidance. This course can not only improve our literary appreciation ability but also deepen our love for English and inspire our creativity. I sincerely hope my suggestion will be carefully considered. I believe this course can enrich our after-class English study and help us gain more fun and harvest in the process of exploring English literature. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以明启中学李华身份，向教学处建议开设英语选修课，说明课程名称、内容及理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 关于：concerning → regarding 打算：intend → plan/schedule 提高：improve → boost 激发：inspire → stimulate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：This course can not only improve our literary appreciation ability but also deepen our love for English and inspire our creativity. 拓展句：Not only can this course improve our literary appreciation ability but also it can deepen our love for English and inspire our creativity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to offer a sincere suggestion concerning the English optional courses that our school’s English teaching and research group intends to launch for us students. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】I sincerely hope my suggestion will be carefully considered. (运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二英语 90分钟 满分100分 I. Listening Comprehension (20%) Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a supermarket. B. In a drug store. C. In a department store. D. In a ear repair shop. 2. A. 20 minutes. B. 45 minutes. C. 25 minutes. D. 65 minutes. 3. A. Professor and student. B. Director and actor. C. Writer and advertiser. D. Hostess and guest. 4. A. She picked up the book from the bus stop. B. She can help the man out. C. She’s also in need of a chemistry textbook. D. She will help the man to find the right person. 5. A. Take the test in three weeks. B. Call to make inquiries about the test results. C. Be patient and wait for the test results. D. Inquire about the date when the results will be released. 6 A. He set fire to the building. B. He parked his car beside the building. C. He was trying to clear the road with the help of some other people. D. He found out what was going on. 7. A. He’s going to the theatre. B. He’s just returned from a job interview. C. He’s just visited his tailor. D. He’s dressed up to have his photo taken. 8. A. Registering for courses. B. Studying engineering and art history. C. Buying literature books. D. Going to the registry office. 9. A. The Jenkins made a wise investment. B. It is not sensible to make such an investment. C. The Jenkins should buy the stocks later. D. It is essential that the Jenkins should move out. 10 A. It is not a good timing to build it. B. It should have been built earlier. C. She is curious about this plan. D. She doubts how long the plan will take. Section B Passage Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. South Korean Women. B. American citizens. C. People in industrialized countries. D. People with economic improvements. 12. A. High premature deaths. B. Overweight citizens. C. A lack of public health care. D. A shortage in new medical technologies. 13. A. More facilities should be established. B. Additional pressure should be put on pensions. C. People should retire at an earlier age. D. People should be provided with more payments. Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Because of the security of the job. B. For a promotion to the Executive Director. C. To inspire the folks in the community. D. To enrich others and her own lives. 15. A. The speaker graduated in law and used to earn generous salaries. B. Spelman is a non-profit institute which turns out social workers. C. The audiences are regarded as beautiful because they all belong to Spelman. D. Public service is rewarding both in a spiritual and material sense. 16. A. Urging classmates to get involved in public service. B. Expressing gratitude to the audience for their volunteer work. C. Deliverying a speech to the graduates from Spelman College. D Illustrating how. to help others as one climbs his career ladder. Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. May 19th. B. May 20th. C. May 23th. D. May 16th. 18. A. Three meals a day. B. Train fare. C. Competition entrance fee D. Floor space. 19. A. The entrance fee is 16 euros this year. B. College basket teams abroad can enter for the game by phone. C. It is the 80th anniversary of the Tampere Student Game. D. The game will end with a ceremony in the last evening. 20 A. Students can enjoy a reduced rate during that period. B. All the basketball teams live in that hotel. C. It will provide three meals to the players living there. D. It is close to where all the matches are held. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Robotaxi Revolution In San Francisco and Shenzhen, the future is already here. Between April and June Waymo, an American firm, conducted 2. 2m robotaxi trips in California — five times as many as in the same period in 2024. Over the same three months Baidu, a Chinese tech giant, provided 2. 2m trips across 16 mostly Chinese cities. That is exciting for residents of those places. ____1____ private cars, robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space and make urban life more comfortable. ____2____ (have) fewer accidents than human drivers, they are almost certainly saving lives. Yet in many places ____3____ regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis, city residents have less to celebrate. In New York, the use of autonomous vehicles in paid for-hire services is prohibited. City councilors in Boston have proposed a law that would require a “human-safety operator” in each car. In Germany robocabs must be monitored by a human at all times. Some policy makers worry robotaxis could crash into pedestrians or oncoming traffic and ____4____ they will displace human workers, who must be protected. However, ____5____ of these justifications holds water. Consider safety first. Regulators are right to require that new technology ____6____ (test) . But the evidence so far is encouraging. A study by Waymo and Swiss Re, a insurer, finds that Waymo robotaxis ____7____ (involve) in 88% fewer property-damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims per mile than humans. Other firms may struggle ____8____ (match) those numbers, and the vehicles have so far been let loose in “easy” cities. Still, the figures suggest that robotaxis will make roads safer. Regulators in the West could follow China and make it easier to run pilot projects. What about the job-killing effects? In San Francisco robotaxis are replacing private cars rather than manned taxis. Although robotaxis have sprung up, demand for ordinary cabs has held up, perhaps because they are sometimes more available. Human drivers are most useful at peak demand, ____9____ fares are highest. Even with skillful regulation, robotaxis would not be everywhere. The challenge of making them commercially sustainable would remain. Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000; mapping and testing ____10____ be expensive. Remove regulatory roadblocks and firms could at least have the chance to expand their operations, improve the technology and bring down costs — while more consumers enjoy the ride. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. universal B. assess C. evenly D. glorifies E. genuine F. fuels G. perspective H. prioritize I. rarely J. approach K. arises Every fall, university students across the country prepare themselves for the same academic storm: midterms. Libraries fill up, coffee consumption skyrockets and the collective stress on campus mounts. But as another testing season passes, a question ____11____: are midterms helping students learn, or are they just another outdated academic tradition that does more harm than good? In an informal study of about 30 University of Idaho students from various majors and years, a small portion of students defended midterms. But the overwhelming (压倒性的) majority voiced frustration. This mix of opinions highlights a larger truth: while midterms were designed to ____12____ understanding and encourage consistent study habits, the reality is that they often fail to achieve those goals. Instead, they’ve become a ritual that ____13____ stress and burnout rather than meaningful learning. Let’s start with the minority view, those who actually appreciate midterms. They said that midterms give them a checkpoint in their education. This ____14____ reflects the original purpose of midterms: to provide both students and professors with feedback halfway through the semester. Ideally, a midterm helps students identify their weak areas, while giving instructors insight into how well their teaching methods are working. However, this feeling is far from ____15____ . For most students, midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment. And that’s the heart of the issue. Midterms often just increase stress to unhealthy levels. When every class demands a major exam within the same week period, students are stretched thin and tend to ____16____ test performance over true understanding. Another common complaint is that midterms ____17____ reflect real learning. Memorizing formulas flashcards or historical dates might yield a good grade, but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension. The problem isn’t that exams are bad. Students should absolutely be evaluated on what they know. But the way we test that knowledge needs to change. Many professors have started to use quizzes that reduce pressure while still providing feedback throughout the semester. This ____18____ is more in line with how real-world learning works: increasing gradually, reflective and applied. Midterms don’t have to disappear completely, but they do need to be changed. If they are going to continue, they should be reimagined as tools for learning rather than reasons for stress. That means designing exams that test understanding instead of memorization, spreading assignments more ____19____ throughout the semester and providing flexible options for students who learn differently. Universities also need to address the culture surrounding midterms, one that ____20____ all-nighters, caffeine overloads and burnout as signs of dedication. Academic strictness does not have to mean academic suffering. III. Reading (31%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Time for a new you? We sort ourselves into introverts and extroverts, but the truth is that personality is more plastic than you think, says Claudia. There is a belief in modern therapy culture saying that you shouldn’t try to change — you are perfectly imperfect, and that the right people will accommodate your every unique characteristic. Relatedly, personality has ___21___ been defined as a pretty stable collection of characteristics. Indeed, you might believe you are controlled by the genetic hand you were dealt at birth when it comes to things like how agreeable or conscientious you are. However, there is plenty of evidence that our personalities are more flexible than we believed, fueling fascination with the ___22___ of personality change to improve our lives. For example, a 2024 study found that three months of digital coaching reliably ___23___ personalities like emotional stability and conscientiousness. Other characteristics provide further support for the flexibility of personality. Most people will label themselves ___24___ as extroverts or introverts. But Carl Jung, who coined these terms, said they are a spectrum (范围) and that there is no such thing as a “ ___25___ ” introvert or extrovert. Some of us may be more likely to enjoy the role of chief party entertainer, while others tend to prefer ___26___ responding to their surroundings. However, these preferences are ___27___ . Who you are on a cold winter Wednesday is likely to be different to who you are on a sunny Saturday. Whatever your ___28___ , staying socially connected is crucial for well-being. Acting a bit extroverted helps you deal with stress’s physical effects, like higher blood pressure or heart rate. The Harvard Study of Adult Development, an 80-year project tracking the lives of about 700 men in order to understand the core ___29___ of a happy and healthy life, found that nothing matters more than good social relationships. Even if you regard yourself as a (n) ___30___ introvert, embracing a more social approach may be easier than you think. Indeed, research from 2022 shows that it is the strength of someone’s ___31___ as an introvert, more than how highly they score on personalities of introversion, that makes them uncomfortable when asked to act more outgoing. This indicates that a more ___32___ attitude towards self-image can help to drive deliberate change. Already highly extroverted? Perhaps you would benefit from working to boost your capacity for reflection, a characteristic often found in those who lean towards a quieter life. ___33___ , enhancing other characteristics linked with well-being-like good emotional regulation or becoming more ___34___ to new experiences has repeatedly been shown to be possible. Challenging the idea of ___35___ personality types could make us all happier. But first, you might need to accept a painful truth: maybe trying to change isn’t such a bad idea. 21. A. precisely B. conventionally C. rigidly D. formally 22. A. craft B. core C. creativity D. code 23. A. determined B. increased C. weakened D. managed 24. A. automatically B. effortlessly C. exclusively D. specifically 25. A. reliable B. quick C. pure D. common 26. A. quietly B. actively C. closely D. unnecessarily 27. A. stable B. changeable C. strong D. personal 28. A. limitations B. habits C. symptoms D. tendencies 29. A. meanings B. goals C. drawbacks D. components 30. A. transformed B. confirmed C. devoted D. reversed 31. A. emphasis B. observation C. attitude D. identity 32. A. relaxed B. formal C. positive D. reliable 33. A. Generally B. Additionally C. Consequently D. Similarly 34. A. open B. indifferent C. grateful D. subject 35. A. individual B. fascinating C. fixed D. changeable Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Best things to do in Rome Italy 1. Places to visit: Colosseum The number 1 attraction of Rome is the Colosseum; the large amphitheater (竞技场) that housed 65, 000 audiences in Roman days. Gladiators (角斗士) battled each other as well as wild animals in the Colosseum’s arena (角斗场) , which is considered one of the seven modern wonders of the world. In the giant “ruins” of the Colosseum, you can visit the stands, the arena and the underground spaces of the largest Roman amphitheater. Warning: Owing to the huge number of visitors, it is always necessary to book Colosseum tickets in advance. You have 3 options for tickets: book combitickets including the Roman Forum, book a Colosseum guided tour and the most popular option is to compare the different Rome City Passes. 2. Trevi Fountain of Rome The most famous fountain in the capital of Italy and perhaps even the world must be the “Fontana di Trevi”, or Trevi Fountain. This baroque fountain, located on the Piazza di Trevi, was built in the 18th century and a must-see at the list of “best things to do in Rome”. The landmark and monument displays the god of the sea, Neptune on his chariot (马车) . No visit or Rome sightseeing is complete without throwing a coin in the Trevi Fountain, as this means the person will “one day return to Rome Italy”. 3. Must see: Pantheon One of the best maintained buildings from Roman times is the Pantheon. What function the building had in those days is still not clear, but the Pantheon was given to the pope (教皇) by emperor Hadrian in 608. The current church has several unique funerary monuments (painter Raphael and a few Italian kings) , as well as a remarkably large and open dome (屋顶) . 36. What can we learn about the Colosseum from the passage? A. It has been restored from ruins to welcome more visitors. B. Booking tickets beforehand is strongly recommended. C. Visitors can tour diverse arenas in Rome with a combiticket. D. It is the only one of the seven modern wonders in Rome. 37. What do these three scenic spots have in common according to the passage? A. They all have a long history dating back to Roman times. B. The Rome City Pass includes entry to these three attractions. C. The three spots serve completely different roles and purposes. D. They are all located in the downtown area in the center of Rome. 38. Where is this text most probably taken from? A. An art history textbook. B. A personal travel blog. C. A travel guide website. D. A local museum brochure. B Artists often dismiss business people as money-obsessed bores. Or worse, many business people, for their part, assume that artists are a bunch of ambitious wasters. Bosses may stick a few modernist paintings on their boardroom walls. But they seldom take the arts seriously as a source of inspiration. The bias (偏见) starts at business school, where “hard” things such as numbers matter a lot. It is strengthened by everyday experience. Bosses constantly remind their employees that if you can’t count it, it doesn’t count. Few read about art. Sun Tzu’s The Art of War《孙子兵法》 does not count. However, some popular business books are pleased with their low quality: consider Wess Roberts’ Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun. But lately there are welcome signs of a changing on the business side of the great cultural gap. Business presses are publishing a series of books such as The Fine Art of Success, by Jamie Anderson. Mr. Anderson points out that many artists have also been superb innovators. Damien Hirst was even more enterprising. He not only realized that overnight millionaire collectors would pay extraordinary sums for dead cows and jewel- decorated skulls (头骨) , but also altered the image of the art world by selling his work directly through Sotheby’s, an auction house. Whatever they think of his work, business people cannot help admiring a man who attracted art lovers to pay £75. 5 million on the day when Lehman Brothers collapsed. Studying the arts can help business people communicate more eloquently (雄辩地) . Most bosses spend a huge amount of time “messaging”, yet few are much good at it. Half an hour with George Orwell’s Why I Write would work wonders. Studying the arts can also help companies learn how to manage bright people. Rob Goffee of the London Business School points out that today’s most productive companies are dominated by what they call “clevers” who are the headaches to manage. They hate being told what to do by managers whom they regard as foolish. They refuse to give in to performance reviews. In short, they are prima donnas. Studying the art world might even hold out the biggest prize of helping business become more innovative. Companies are searching the world for new ideas. In their hunt for creativity, they surely have something to learn from the creative industries. Look at how modern artists adapted to the arrival of photography, a technology that could have made them unneeded, or how J. K. Rowling kept trying even when publishers rejected her novel. 39. Which book might be considered by the author as having the least value? A. The Art of War B. Leadership Secret s of Attila the Hun C. The Fine Art of success D. Why I Write 40. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT cited as a direct benefit for business people who study the arts? A. Improved ability to attract and manage highly intelligent, creative employees. B. Enhanced communication skills and more effective messaging. C. A proven methodology for increasing quarterly shareholder profits. D. A potential pathway to greater innovation and creative problem-solving. 41. Which of the following can be inferred from the article? A. In business schools, students are taught to overlook things that can be counted. B. The best way for bosses to manage clever employees is to show them art works. C. By reading George Orwell’s Why I Write, bosses can type messages more quickly. D. Damien Hirst had a business mind and sold his art works at an incredibly high price. 42. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Artists’ Bias against Business B. The Integration of Business and Art C. The Effect of Innovation on Companies D. A Booming Art Market Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In business, there is a speed difference: It’s the difference between how important firm leaders say speed is to their competitive strategy and how fast the company actually moves. ___43___ In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up” improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period. ___44___ They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services. In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. ___45___ And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast, performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes. Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. ___46___ That kind of strategy must come from the top. A. How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? B. Teams that regularly take time to get things right are more successful in meeting their business goals. C. More haste, less speed proves wrong in the study. D. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. E. They valued efficiency rather than consideration. F. They encouraged new ways of thinking. 第Ⅱ卷 (共23分) Ⅲ. Translation (3+4+4=11分) 47. 我们学校的特色是各种各样的创新课程，课程的老师都经验丰富，关爱学生。 (feature) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 48. 莎士比亚把世界比作一个舞台，而杨绛则说世界是我们自己的，与别人无关。 (compare) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ 49. 令她感到开心的是，她“双十一”网购的商品，特点和网红评价的完全一致。 (identical) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________ IV. Guided Writing (12分) 50. Directions: Write an English composition in 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的李华。英语教研组计划为学生开设选修课，请你给教学处写一封信提出建议。建议需包括以下内容： 1. 选修课名称； 2. 选修课内容； 3. 你的理由或原因。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $