Unit 5 单词用法表- 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册
2026-01-03
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摘要:
该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统构建了Unit 5核心词汇的知识体系,涵盖单词、常见搭配、考点提示及经典例句,将可数/不可数名词、不规则动词变化、词性转换等重难点按“词汇-搭配-语境”逻辑呈现,清晰梳理知识脉络与内在联系。
讲义亮点在于考点提示的针对性设计,如标注lie的过去式为lay、Mount用于地名需首字母大写等易错点,助力学生精准掌握语言规则,提升语言能力。经典例句结合真实语境,搭配实用短语,引导学生主动积累词汇用法,培养自主学习能力。教师可依托表格实施分层教学,学生能高效自主复习,实现语言知识与运用能力的同步提升。
内容正文:
Unit 5 核心单词用法
单词
常见搭配
考点提示
经典例句
nest /nest/(n. 鸟巢;鸟窝)
bird nest(鸟巢)、build a nest(筑巢)
可数名词,复数“nests”
We see a bird nest in the tree.
Mount /maʊnt/(n. 山;山峰)
Mount Tai(泰山)
仅用于地名,首字母大写
We climb Mount Hua this summer.
lie /laɪ/(v. 位于;坐落;躺)
lie in the south(位于南方)、lie on the bed(躺在床上)
动词,过去式为“lay”(不规则变化)
The city lies on the coast.
province /ˈprɒvɪns/(n. 省份)
Chinese province(中国省份)、live in a province(住在某省)
可数名词,复数“provinces”
Sichuan is a province in China.
east /iːst/(n. 东;东方)
in the east(在东方)、east wind(东风)
作名词表“方向”,前加“the”;作形容词表“东方的”
The sun rises in the east.
ceremony /ˈserəməni/(n. 仪式;典礼)
opening ceremony(开幕式)、wedding ceremony(婚礼)
可数名词,复数“ceremonies”
We attend the school opening ceremony.
Olympics /əˈlɪmpɪks/(n. 奥林匹克运动会)
the Olympic Games(奥运会)
专有名词,常用“the Olympics”
She wants to take part in the Olympics.
central /ˈsentrəl/(adj. 在中心的;中央的)
central park(中央公园)、central area(中心区域)
形容词,修饰地点/事物
The museum is in the central city.
south-east /ˌsaʊθˈiːst/(n. 东南;地区)
in the south-east(在东南方)
表方向/地区,前加“the”
The village is in the south-east of China.
yet /jet/(conj. 但是;然而)
He is tired, yet he keeps working.
表转折,放句中,后不加“but”
It’s hard, yet we can try.
quite /kwaɪt/(adv. 十分,非常)
quite good(相当好)、quite a lot(很多)
副词,修饰形容词/名词短语
The movie is quite interesting.
already /ɔːlˈredi/(adv. 已经;早已)
have already done(已经做了)
用于肯定句,表“已完成”
I have already finished my homework.
south-west /ˌsaʊθˈwest/(n. 西南;地区)
in the south-west(在西南方)
表方向/地区,前加“the”
The city is in the south-west of the country.
length /leŋθ/(n. 长;长度)
the length of the river(河流的长度)、long length(长尺寸)
不可数名词,“length”表“长度”时用“the length of”
What’s the length of this rope?
round /raʊnd/(adj. 圆形的;adv. 环绕)
round table(圆桌)、walk round(绕着走)
作形容词表“圆形的”,作副词表“环绕”
We sit around the round table.
palace /ˈpæləs/(n. 王宫;宫殿)
the Palace Museum(故宫)、royal palace(王宫)
可数名词,复数“palaces”
We visit the old palace in Beijing.
lotus /ˈləʊtəs/(n. 莲属植物)
lotus flower(莲花)、lotus seed(莲子)
可数名词,复数“lotuses”
The lake is full of beautiful lotus flowers.
rich /rɪtʃ/(adj. 丰富多彩的;富有的;油腻的)
rich culture(丰富的文化)、rich man(富人)、rich food(油腻的食物)
形容词,多义;反义词为“poor(贫穷的)”
China has a rich history and culture.
culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/(n. 文化)
Chinese culture(中国文化)、traditional culture(传统文化)
不可数名词,表“文化”整体
We learn about different cultures.
cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/(adj. 文化的;与文化有关的)
cultural activity(文化活动)、cultural relic(文物)
形容词,由“culture”派生
We take part in a cultural festival.
interest /ˈɪntrəst/(n. 吸引力;兴趣)
have an interest in(对……感兴趣)、place of interest(景点)
可数名词,复数“interests”;“place of interest”为固定短语
This book is of great interest.
average /ˈævərɪdʒ/(n. 平均数;adj. 平均的)
average score(平均分)、on average(平均来说)
作名词表“平均数”,作形容词表“平均的”
The average age of the class is 13.
saying /ˈseɪɪŋ/(n. 谚语;格言)
old saying(古老的谚语)、Chinese saying(中国格言)
可数名词,复数“sayings”
There is a saying: “Practice makes perfect.”
heaven /ˈhevn/(n. 天堂)
in heaven(在天堂)、heaven on earth(人间天堂)
不可数名词,常与“the”连用
The small town is like heaven on earth.
above /əˈbʌv/(adv./prep. 在(或向)上面)
above the table(在桌子上方)、the sky above(头顶的天空)
作副词表“在上面”,作介词后接名词
The bird flies above the house.
below /bɪˈləʊ/(adv./prep. 在(或到)下面)
below zero(零度以下)、the river below(下方的河流)
作副词表“在下面”,作介词后接名词
The temperature is below zero today.
landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/(n. 风景,景色)
beautiful landscape(美丽的风景)、natural landscape(自然景观)
可数名词,复数“landscapes”
We enjoy the wonderful landscape on the mountain.
broken /ˈbrəʊkən/(adj. 破损的;残缺的)
broken cup(破杯子)、broken heart(心碎的)
形容词,由“break”的过去分词派生
The broken window needs to be fixed.
traveler /ˈtrævələ(r)/(n. 旅行者;游客)
foreign traveler(外国游客)、traveler’s guide(旅游指南)
可数名词,复数“travelers”;与“tourist”同义
The traveler takes photos of the scenery.
bicycle /ˈbaɪsɪkl/(n. 自行车)
ride a bicycle(骑自行车)、bicycle lane(自行车道)
可数名词,复数“bicycles”;口语中常用“bike”
I ride a bicycle to school every day.
landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/(n. 地标)
city landmark(城市地标)、famous landmark(著名地标)
可数名词,复数“landmarks”
The tower is a landmark of the city.
whole /həʊl/(adj. 全部的;整体的)
the whole day(一整天)、whole family(全家)
形容词,常与“the”连用
We spend the whole day at the park.
material /məˈtɪəriəl/(n. 材料)
building material(建筑材料)、raw material(原材料)
可数名词,复数“materials”
The table is made of wood material.
structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/(n. 结构体;建筑物)
building structure(建筑结构)、simple structure(简单结构)
可数名词,复数“structures”
The bridge has a strong structure.
surely /ˈʃʊəli/(adv. 无疑;必定)
surely win(必定赢)、surely know(无疑知道)
副词,表“肯定”,比“certainly”更委婉
You will surely pass the exam.
performing arts /pəˈfɔːmɪŋ ɑːts/(n. 表演艺术)
traditional performing arts(传统表演艺术)
复数短语,表“表演艺术”整体
We watch a show of Chinese performing arts.
sail /seɪl/(v. 航行;n. 帆)
sail a boat(划船)、set sail(起航)
作动词表“航行”,作名词表“帆”
They sail across the sea.
dining /ˈdaɪnɪŋ/(n. 用餐)
dining room(餐厅)、dining time(用餐时间)
不可数名词,常与“room”搭配
We eat in the dining room.
vacation /veɪˈkeɪʃn/(n. 假期)
summer vacation(暑假)、on vacation(度假)
可数名词,复数“vacations”;“on vacation”为固定短语
We go to the beach on vacation.
field /fiːld/(n. 田;地;场地)
farm field(农田)、football field(足球场)
可数名词,复数“fields”
The farmer works in the field.
terrace /ˈterəs/(n. 梯田;阳台)
rice terrace(梯田)、terrace house(排屋)
可数名词,复数“terraces”
We visit the beautiful rice terraces.
pig /pɪɡ/(n. 猪)
fat pig(肥猪)、raise pigs(养猪)
可数名词,复数“pigs”
The farmer raises many pigs.
message /ˈmesɪdʒ/(n. 信息,消息)
send a message(发信息)、text message(短信)
可数名词,复数“messages”
I send a message to my friend.
view /vjuː/(n. 景色,风景;视野)
beautiful view(美丽的风景)、good view(好视野)
可数名词,复数“views”
We enjoy the mountain view from the top.
countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/(n. 乡村)
live in the countryside(住在乡村)、countryside scenery(乡村风景)
不可数名词,常与“the”连用
I like the quiet life in the countryside.
system /ˈsɪstəm/(n. 系统;体制)
solar system(太阳系)、computer system(电脑系统)
可数名词,复数“systems”
The solar system has eight planets.
unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/(adj. 特别的,不寻常的)
unusual experience(特别的经历)、unusual weather(反常的天气)
形容词,由“usual”加否定前缀“un-”构成
It’s unusual to snow in summer.
lean /liːn/(v. 倾斜)
lean against the wall(靠墙倾斜)、lean forward(向前倾)
动词,表“倾斜”
He leans against the door.
fix /fɪks/(v. 修理;校正)
fix the bike(修自行车)、fix the time(确定时间)
动词,后接宾语
My father fixes the broken TV.
base /beɪs/(n. 底部,根基;基地)
the base of the tree(树的根部)、military base(军事基地)
可数名词,复数“bases”
The base of the building is strong.
firm /fɜːm/(adj. 牢固的,稳固的)
firm chair(牢固的椅子)、stand firm(站稳)
形容词,反义词为“weak(虚弱的)”
The table is firm enough to stand on.
beach /biːtʃ/(n. 海滩;沙滩)
go to the beach(去海滩)、sandy beach(沙滩)
可数名词,复数“beaches”
We play volleyball on the beach.
hostess /ˈhəʊstəs/(n. 女房东;女主持人)
party hostess(派对女主持人)、hotel hostess(酒店女招待)
可数名词,复数“hostesses”;对应“host(男主人)”
The hostess welcomes us to the party.
expect /ɪkˈspekt/(v. 期待;预计)
expect to do(期待做)、expect a gift(期待礼物)
动词,后接不定式/宾语
I expect to meet my friend tomorrow.
warn /wɔːn/(v. 劝告;警告)
warn sb. to do(警告某人做)、warn about(警告某事)
动词,“warn sb. to do”为固定搭配
The teacher warns us not to run in the hall.
forward /ˈfɔːwəd/(adv. 向后;向前)
move forward(向前移动)、look forward(向前看)
副词,表“方向”;“look forward to”表“期待”
We walk forward to the park.
Indian /ˈɪndiən/(adj. 印度的)
Indian food(印度食物)、Indian culture(印度文化)
形容词,修饰事物;作名词表“印度人”
We eat delicious Indian food.
enemy /ˈenəmi/(n. 敌人;仇人)
make an enemy(树敌)、fight the enemy(对抗敌人)
可数名词,复数“enemies”
The two countries are no longer enemies.
stone /stəʊn/(n. 石头)
big stone(大石头)、stone bridge(石桥)
不可数名词,表“一块石头”用“a stone”
He throws a stone into the river.
soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/(n. 军人;士兵)
army soldier(军人)、brave soldier(勇敢的士兵)
可数名词,复数“soldiers”
The soldier defends the country.
quickly /ˈkwɪkli/(adv. 迅速地;很快地)
run quickly(跑得快)、finish quickly(快速完成)
副词,由“quick(快的)”派生,修饰动词
He finishes his homework quickly.
watchtower /ˈwɒtʃtaʊə(r)/(n. 瞭望塔;岗楼)
old watchtower(旧瞭望塔)、military watchtower(军事岗楼)
可数名词,复数“watchtowers”
We climb the watchtower to see the view.
wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/(n. 智慧;才智)
traditional wisdom(传统智慧)、use wisdom(运用智慧)
不可数名词,与“intelligence”同义
The old man has a lot of wisdom.
trade /treɪd/(n. 贸易)
international trade(国际贸易)、trade with(与……贸易)
不可数名词,表“贸易”整体
China does a lot of trade with other countries.
route /ruːt/(n. 路线;路途)
travel route(旅行路线)、take a route(走某条路)
可数名词,复数“routes”
We plan a new route for the trip.
T-shirt /ˈtiː ʃɜːt/(n. T恤衫)
wear a T-shirt(穿T恤)、colorful T-shirt(彩色T恤)
可数名词,复数“T-shirts”
I buy a new T-shirt for summer.
nation /ˈneɪʃn/(n. 国家;民族)
great nation(伟大的国家)、nation culture(民族文化)
可数名词,复数“nations”
China is a great nation with long history.
site /saɪt/(n. 地点,位置;现场)
historical site(历史遗址)、building site(建筑工地)
可数名词,复数“sites”
We visit a historical site in Xi’an.
emperor /ˈempərə(r)/(n. 皇帝)
ancient emperor(古代皇帝)、Chinese emperor(中国皇帝)
可数名词,复数“emperors”
Qin Shi Huang is a famous Chinese emperor.
wife /waɪf/(n. 妻子,复数wives)
my wife(我的妻子)、happy wife(幸福的妻子)
复数为“wives”(不规则变化);对应“husband(丈夫)”
His wife is a teacher.
empress /ˈemprəs/(n. 皇后;女皇)
Chinese empress(中国皇后)、female empress(女皇)
可数名词,复数“empresses”;对应“emperor(皇帝)”
Wu Zetian is a famous Chinese empress.
visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/(n. 来访者;游客)
museum visitor(博物馆游客)、welcome visitors(欢迎访客)
可数名词,复数“visitors”;与“traveler”同义
The park has many visitors on weekends.
tea /tiː/(n. 茶(水);茶叶)
drink tea(喝茶)、green tea(绿茶)
不可数名词,“a cup of tea”表“一杯茶”
I like drinking tea after meals.
government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/(n. 政府)
local government(地方政府)、government office(政府办公室)
不可数名词,常与“the”连用
The government helps the poor.
protection /prəˈtekʃn/(n. 保护;防卫)
environmental protection(环境保护)、give protection(提供保护)
不可数名词,由“protect(保护)”派生
We need to do more for environmental protection.
Roman /ˈrəʊmən/(n. 古罗马人;adj. 古罗马的)
Roman culture(古罗马文化)、ancient Roman(古罗马人)
作名词表“古罗马人”,作形容词表“古罗马的”
We learn about Roman history.
northwest /ˈnɔːθwest/(n. 西北;地区)
in the northwest(在西北方)
表方向/地区,前加“the”
The city is in the northwest of China.
finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/(v. 完成;做好)
finish homework(完成作业)、finish doing(完成做)
动词,后接宾语/动名词
I finish reading the book.
thick /θɪk/(adj. 茂密的;厚的)
thick forest(茂密的森林)、thick book(厚书)
形容词,反义词为“thin(薄的)”
The tree has thick leaves.
flat /flæt/(adj. 平坦的;平的)
flat land(平坦的土地)、flat table(平的桌子)
形容词,反义词为“rough(粗糙的)”
The road is flat and easy to walk on.
natural /ˈnætʃrəl/(adj. 天然的;自然的)
natural scenery(自然风景)、natural food(天然食物)
形容词,反义词为“man-made(人造的)”
We enjoy the natural beauty of the lake.
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