内容正文:
Unit 5 核心单词用法
单词
常见搭配
考点提示
经典例句
nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/(n. 自然界;自然)
the beauty of nature(自然之美)、protect nature(保护自然)、in nature(在自然界中)
不可数名词,表“自然界”时不加the
(易错点:不能说the nature);
可指“性格”(拓展:human nature人性)
We should love and protect nature.
sea /siː/(n. 海;海洋)
in the sea(在海里)、sea water(海水)、by sea(乘船)
专有名词the sea表“大海”;by sea中间不加冠词,与by ship同义
There are many colorful fish in the sea.
desert /ˈdezət/; /dɪˈzɜːt/(n. 沙漠)
a big desert(一片大沙漠)、in the desert(在沙漠里)、desert plants(沙漠植物)
可数名词,复数为deserts;
发音注意:作“沙漠”时读/ˈdezət/,作“抛弃”时读/dɪˈzɜːt/(拓展)
The desert is very dry and hot during the day.
rainforest /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/(n. 热带雨林)
rainforest animals(雨林动物)、in the rainforest(在雨林里)、tropical rainforest(热带雨林)
可数名词,复数为rainforests;强调“热带”时加tropical
Many rare birds live in the tropical rainforest.
waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/(n. 瀑布)
a beautiful waterfall(美丽的瀑布)、visit a waterfall(参观瀑布)、near the waterfall(在瀑布附近)
可数名词,复数为waterfalls;
常用形容词beautiful/big修饰
We see a wonderful waterfall when we climb the mountain.
grassland /ˈɡrɑːslænd/(n. 草原)
grassland ecosystem(草原生态系统)、on the grassland(在草原上)、grassland animals(草原动物)
不可数名词,表“草原”整体;
与grass(草)区分(grass指“草”,grassland指“草原”)
Sheep and cows graze on the grassland.
wet /wet/(adj. 潮湿的)
wet clothes(湿衣服)、wet ground(潮湿的地面)、get wet(淋湿)
反义词为dry;比较级wetter、最高级wettest(重读闭音节双写尾字母)
The ground is wet after the rain, be careful.
plant /plɑːnt/; /plænt/(n. 植物;v. 种植)
green plants(绿色植物)、plant flowers(种花)、plant trees(种树)
作名词“植物”为可数名词,复数plants;
作动词“种植”时,过去式planted
We plant trees in the park every spring.
animal /ˈænɪml/(n. 动物)
cute animals(可爱的动物)、animal world(动物世界)、wild animals(野生动物)
可数名词,复数animals;
wild animal表“野生动物”,不加the
I like watching documentaries about wild animals.
fall /fɔːl/(v. 落下;跌倒;n. 秋天(美式))
fall down(跌倒)、fall off the bike(从自行车上摔下来)、fall in autumn(在秋天落下)
过去式fell(不规则变化);
美式英语中表“秋天”,英式用autumn
The leaves fall down when autumn comes.
hill /hɪl/(n. 山丘;小山)
a small hill(一座小山)、climb the hill(爬小山)、on the hill(在山丘上)
可数名词,复数hills;
与mountain辨析(hill指“小山”,mountain指“高山”)
There is a small hill behind our school.
grass /ɡrɑːs/; /ɡræs/(n. 草;草地)
green grass(绿草)、on the grass(在草地上)、a blade of grass(一根草)
不可数名词,表“草”;
表“草地”时用on the grass
Don't walk on the grass, it's not allowed.
elephant /ˈelɪfənt/(n. 象)
a big elephant(一头大象)、elephant's nose(象鼻)、an elephant(一头大象)
可数名词,复数elephants;
以元音音素开头,前面用an
The elephant uses its long nose to get food.
air /eə(r)/(n. 空气;空中)
fresh air(新鲜空气)、clean air(干净的空气)、air pollution(空气污染)
不可数名词,无复数形式;
in the air表“在空中/即将发生”
We need to breathe fresh air every day.
top /tɒp/; /tɑːp/(n. 顶部;adj. 最高的)
the top of the mountain(山顶)、top floor(顶楼)、top student(尖子生)
on the top of表“在……的顶部”;
作形容词“最高的”时,修饰名词
We stand on the top of the hill to see the view.
place /pleɪs/(n. 地方;场所;v. 放置)
a beautiful place(美丽的地方)、place the book(放书)、take place(发生)
可数名词,复数places;
take place为固定短语,表“发生”(无被动)
This small town is a good place to visit.
climate /ˈklaɪmət/(n. 气候)
warm climate(温暖的气候)、tropical climate(热带气候)、climate change(气候变化)
不可数名词,表“气候”;
与weather区分(climate指“长期气候”,weather指“短期天气”)
The climate in Hainan is warm all year round.
house /haʊs/(n. 房子)
a big house(大房子)、my house(我的房子)、live in a house(住在房子里)
可数名词,复数houses;
与home区分(house指“建筑”,home指“家”,抽象概念)
He lives in a red house near the river.
window /ˈwɪndəʊ/(n. 窗户)
a big window(大窗户)、clean the window(擦窗户)、open the window(开窗)
可数名词,复数windows;
look out of the window表“从窗户往外看”
Please open the window to let some fresh air in.
get /ɡet/(v. 得到;到达;变得)
get a gift(收到礼物)、get to school(到达学校)、get up(起床)
过去式got(不规则变化);
get to+地点表“到达”,home/there前不加to
I get to school at 7:30 a.m. every day.
bat /bæt/(n. 蝙蝠;球拍)
a baseball bat(棒球拍)、fruit bat(果蝠)、a tennis bat(网球拍)
可数名词,复数bats;
作“球拍”时与球类搭配(baseball bat/tennis bat)
He bought a new baseball bat last week.
fly /flaɪ/(v. 飞;飞行;n. 苍蝇)
fly a kite(放风筝)、fly to Beijing(飞往北京)、birds fly(鸟飞)
过去式flew(不规则变化);
fly a kite为固定短语,表“放风筝”
We fly kites in the park on windy days.
active /ˈæktɪv/(adj. 活跃的;积极的)
an active student(积极的学生)、be active in class(在课堂上活跃)、active life(活跃的生活)
反义词为inactive;
be active in表“在……方面积极”
She is active in sports and often plays basketball.
night /naɪt/(n. 夜;夜晚)
at night(在晚上)、night sky(夜空)、good night(晚安)
不可数名词,表“夜晚”;
at night为固定搭配,比in the night更常用
I like watching stars in the night sky.
panda /ˈpændə/(n. 大熊猫;小熊猫)
cute panda(可爱的熊猫)、panda in the zoo(动物园里的熊猫)、giant panda(大熊猫)
可数名词,复数pandas;
giant panda特指“大熊猫”,不加the
Pandas like eating bamboo very much.
tail /teɪl/(n. 尾;尾巴)
a long tail(长尾巴)、rabbit's tail(兔子的尾巴)、wag the tail(摇尾巴)
可数名词,复数tails;
animal's tail表“动物的尾巴”,用名词所有格
The dog wags its tail happily when it sees its owner.
bamboo /bæmˈbuː/(n. 竹;竹子)
bamboo leaves(竹叶)、panda's bamboo(熊猫的竹子)、a bamboo tree(一棵竹子)
不可数名词,表“竹子”;
强调“单棵竹子”时可加a(a bamboo tree)
There are many bamboo trees in Sichuan.
brown /braʊn/(adj. 棕色的;n. 棕色)
brown eyes(棕色眼睛)、brown hair(棕色头发)、brown colour(棕色)
颜色类词汇,可作形容词或名词;
无复数形式(表颜色时)
My new shoes are brown.
bear /beə(r)/(n. 熊;v. 承受)
a black bear(黑熊)、bear the pain(忍受痛苦)、polar bear(北极熊)
作名词“熊”为可数名词,复数bears;
polar bear表“北极熊”,首字母不大写
Polar bears live in the cold Arctic.
forest /ˈfɒrɪst/(n. 森林;林区)
a big forest(一片大森林)、forest animals(森林动物)、in the forest(在森林里)
可数名词,复数forests;
与rainforest区分(forest指“普通森林”,rainforest指“热带雨林”)
Many animals live in the deep forest.
north /nɔːθ/(adj. 北方的;n. 北方)
north wind(北风)、in the north of China(在中国北部)、North(大写,表“北方地区”)
首字母大写North表“北方地区”;in the north of+地点表“在……北部”(内部)
Harbin is a city in the north of China.
fish /fɪʃ/(n. 鱼;鱼肉;v. 钓鱼)
eat fish(吃鱼肉)、go fishing(去钓鱼)、a fish(一条鱼)
表“鱼的数量”时单复数同形,表“鱼的种类”时复数fishes;
go fishing为固定短语
I go fishing with my father on weekends.
think /θɪŋk/(v. 认为;思考)
think hard(认真思考)、think of you(想起你)、think English is easy(认为英语简单)
think of表“想起”,
think about表“考虑”;
后接宾语从句时that可省略
I think this story is very interesting.
these /ðiːz/(det. 这些)
these books(这些书)、these pens(这些钢笔)、these friends(这些朋友)
对应词为those(那些);
后接可数名词复数,不能接不可数名词
These are my new schoolbooks.
grow /ɡrəʊ/(v. 生长;成长;种植)
grow fast(长得快)、grow vegetables(种蔬菜)、grow up(长大)
过去式grew(不规则变化);grow up表“长大”,为固定短语
Children grow up quickly when they are happy.
May /meɪ/(n. 五月)
in May(在五月)、May Day(五一劳动节)、my birthday in May(我五月的生日)
月份类名词,首字母必须大写;前用介词in,不加冠词
We have a short holiday in May.
June /dʒuːn/(n. 六月)
in June(在六月)、Children's Day in June(六月的儿童节)、exams in June(六月的考试)
月份类名词,首字母大写;
前用介词in,与May(五月)、July(七月)区分
Children's Day is on June 1st.
green /ɡriːn/(adj. 绿色的;n. 绿色)
green leaves(绿叶)、green tea(绿茶)、green grass(绿草)
颜色类词汇,可作形容词或名词;
green tea为固定短语,表“绿茶”
The tree is green all year round.
plenty /ˈplenti/(pron. 大量;充足)
plenty of water(大量的水)、plenty of books(许多书)、plenty of food(充足的食物)
plenty of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,用于肯定句;
否定句用many/much
There is plenty of food for everyone at the party.
few /fjuː/(det./adj. 很少;几个)
a few books(几本书)、few friends(几乎没有朋友)、a few days(几天)
few表“几乎没有”(否定),a few表“一些”(肯定);
后接可数名词复数
I have a few pens, you can borrow one.
wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/(n. 奇迹;v. 想知道)
wonder why(想知道为什么)、natural wonder(自然奇观)、wonder about sth.(对某事好奇)
作动词“想知道”时,后接疑问词引导的从句;
a wonder of the world表“世界奇迹”
I wonder what time the movie starts.
main /meɪn/(adj. 主要的)
main street(主干道)、main subject(主科)、main reason(主要原因)
作定语修饰名词,不能作表语;
main为“主要的”,强调“核心的”
The main idea of this passage is to protect nature.
difference /ˈdɪfrəns/(n. 差别;差异)
big difference(很大的差别)、the difference between A and B(A和B的区别)、tell the difference(区分差别)
可数名词,复数differences;
the difference between...and...为固定结构
What's the difference between this pen and that one?
horse /hɔːs/(n. 马)
a black horse(一匹黑马)、ride a horse(骑马)、horse riding(骑马运动)
可数名词,复数horses;
ride a horse为固定短语,表“骑马”
He can ride a horse very well.
drink /drɪŋk/(v. 喝;饮;n. 饮料)
drink water(喝水)、a cold drink(一杯冷饮)、drink milk(喝牛奶)
作动词时过去式drank(不规则变化);
作名词“饮料”时为可数名词
I drink a glass of milk every morning.
earth /ɜːθ/(n. 土;地球)
the earth(地球)、on the earth(在地球上)、in the earth(在泥土里)
表“地球”时前加the;
表“泥土”时为不可数名词
We live on the earth with many animals.
egg /eɡ/(n. 鸡蛋;蛋)
boiled egg(煮鸡蛋)、egg and milk(鸡蛋和牛奶)、an egg(一个鸡蛋)
可数名词,复数eggs;
以元音音素开头,前面用an
I eat an egg for breakfast to keep healthy.
cow /kaʊ/(n. 奶牛;母牛)
a black cow(一头黑奶牛)、cow's milk(牛奶)、milk a cow(挤牛奶)
可数名词,复数cows;
milk a cow表“挤牛奶”(动词短语)
The cow gives us fresh milk every day.
map /mæp/(n. 地图)
world map(世界地图)、a map of China(中国地图)、look at the map(看地图)
可数名词,复数maps;
a map of+地点表“……的地图”
I have a big map of the world on my wall.
apple /ˈæpl/(n. 苹果)
red apple(红苹果)、eat an apple(吃一个苹果)、apple juice(苹果汁)
可数名词,复数apples;
以元音音素开头,前面用an;“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”为谚语
An apple a day is good for your health.
sky /skaɪ/(n. 天;天空)
blue sky(蓝天)、bird in the sky(天上的鸟)、in the sky(在空中)
不可数名词,常与the连用;
无复数形式
There are many white clouds in the sky today.
windy /ˈwɪndi/(adj. 多风的;风大的)
a windy day(刮风天)、windy city(多风的城市)、windy weather(多风的天气)
由wind(风)加后缀-y构成形容词;
用于描述天气,反义词为calm(无风的)
It's windy today, don't forget to close the window.
kite /kaɪt/(n. 风筝)
a beautiful kite(美丽的风筝)、fly a kite(放风筝)、kite flying(放风筝运动)
可数名词,复数kites;
fly a kite为固定短语,windy天适合放风筝
We fly kites on the playground every Sunday.
orange /ˈɒrɪndʒ/(adj. 橙红色的;n. 橙子;橙红色)
orange juice(橙汁)、an orange(一个橙子)、orange coat(橙红色外套)
表“橙子”时为可数名词(复数oranges),表“橙红色”时为不可数名词;
以元音音素开头,前面用an
I like drinking orange juice in summer.
bee /biː/(n. 蜜蜂)
a little bee(一只小蜜蜂)、bee and flower(蜜蜂和花)、busy bee(忙碌的蜜蜂)
可数名词,复数bees;
“busy bee”为固定搭配,表“忙碌的人”
The bee collects honey from flowers.
shark /ʃɑːk/(n. 鲨鱼)
shark in the sea(海里的鲨鱼)、white shark(大白鲨)、a big shark(一条大鲨鱼)
可数名词,复数sharks;
white shark表“大白鲨”,首字母不大写
Sharks are dangerous sea animals.
climb /klaɪm/(v. 攀登;爬)
climb the mountain(爬山)、climb a tree(爬树)、climb up(向上爬)
及物动词,后直接接宾语;
climb up表“向上爬”,climb down表“向下爬”
He can climb the tall tree quickly.
monkey /ˈmʌŋki/(n. 猴子)
little monkey(小猴子)、monkey in the zoo(动物园里的猴子)、clever monkey(聪明的猴子)
可数名词,复数monkeys(以y结尾,直接加s);monkey喜欢吃banana(香蕉)
The monkey is eating a banana in the tree.
butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/(n. 蝴蝶)
colourful butterfly(五彩的蝴蝶)、butterfly on the flower(花上的蝴蝶)
可数名词,复数butterflies(以y结尾变i加es);
常与flower搭配
I saw a beautiful butterfly in the garden.
duck /dʌk/(n. 鸭;鸭肉)
little duck(小鸭子)、duck in the river(河里的鸭子)、roast duck(烤鸭)
表“鸭子”时为可数名词(复数ducks),表“鸭肉”时为不可数名词
There are some little ducks swimming in the river.
call /kɔːl/(v. 呼叫;称呼;打电话;n. 通话)
call me Tom(叫我汤姆)、call my mother(给妈妈打电话)、make a call(打电话)
call sb. sth.表“称呼某人为……”;call sb.表“给某人打电话”,与phone sb.同义
I call my best friend every weekend.
understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/(v. 理解;了解)
understand the lesson(理解课程)、understand English(懂英语)、understand sb.(理解某人)
过去式understood(不规则变化);understand为“理解”,强调“明白含义”
I can understand what the teacher says.
wild /waɪld/(adj. 野生的;荒凉的)
wild animals(野生动物)、wild nature(野生自然)、wild place(荒凉的地方)
反义词为tame(驯服的,拓展);
wild animal表“野生动物”,不加the
Tigers are wild animals and live in forests.
rest /rest/(n. 休息;v. 休息)
have a rest(休息一下)、take a rest(休息)、the rest of the book(书的其余部分)
have a rest与take a rest同义;
the rest of表“……的其余部分”
Let's have a rest after studying for an hour.
under /ˈʌndə(r)/(prep. 在……下面)
under the bed(床下面)、under the tree(树下面)、under the table(桌子下面)
反义词为over(在……上方)/on(在……上面);
后接名词,表“位置在下方”
The cat is hiding under the bed.
bring /brɪŋ/(v. 带来)
bring a book(带来一本书)、bring food to the party(带食物去派对)、bring sb. sth.(给某人带来某物)
与take辨析(bring表“带来”,take表“带走”);
过去式brought(不规则变化)
Bring your homework to class tomorrow.
importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/(n. 重要性)
the importance of study(学习的重要性)、realize the importance(意识到重要性)
不可数名词;
由important(形容词,重要的)变来;
the importance of+名词表“……的重要性”
We must realize the importance of saving water.
fresh /freʃ/(adj. 新鲜的;清新的)
fresh fruit(新鲜水果)、fresh air(新鲜空气)、fresh vegetables(新鲜蔬菜)
反义词为stale(不新鲜的,拓展);
fresh强调“刚产生的、未变质的”
My mother buys fresh vegetables every morning.
everyday /ˈevrideɪ/(adj. 每天的;日常的)
everyday life(日常生活)、everyday clothes(日常服装)、everyday schoolbag(日常用的书包)
与every day辨析(everyday是形容词,修饰名词;
every day是副词短语,作状语)
This is my everyday pen, I use it at school.
milk /mɪlk/(n. 奶;v. 挤奶)
drink milk(喝牛奶)、milk a cow(挤牛奶)、a glass of milk(一杯牛奶)
作名词“奶”时为不可数名词;
作动词“挤奶”时,过去式milked
I drink a glass of milk before going to bed.
south /saʊθ/(adj. 南方的;n. 南方)
south China(中国南方)、in the south of China(在中国南部)、South(大写,表“南方地区”)
首字母大写South表“南方地区”;与north(北方)对应
Guangzhou is a big city in the south of China.
will /wɪl/(modal v. 会;将)
will go(会去)、will help you(会帮你)、I'll(I will的缩写)
用于一般将来时,后接动词原形;
否定式为won't(will not的缩写)
I will visit my grandparents next weekend.
world /wɜːld/(n. 世界)
the whole world(全世界)、in the world(在世界上)、around the world(全世界)
前加the;around the world与all over the world同义
People around the world love peace.
healthy /ˈhelθi/(adj. 健康的)
healthy food(健康的食物)、healthy life(健康的生活)、keep healthy(保持健康)
由health(名词,健康)加后缀-y构成;keep healthy为固定短语
We should eat healthy food and exercise often.
fire /ˈfaɪə(r)/(n. 火;火灾;v. 生火)
forest fire(森林火灾)、make a fire(生火)、on fire(着火)
不可数名词,表“火”;
on fire为固定短语,表“着火”(状态)
Don't play with fire, it's very dangerous.
noodle /ˈnuːdl/(n. 面条)
beef noodles(牛肉面)、noodle soup(面条汤)、a bowl of noodles(一碗面条)
常用复数形式noodles;
不能说a noodle,需用a bowl of noodles表“一碗面条”
I like eating beef noodles for lunch.
dumpling /ˈdʌmplɪŋ/(n. 饺子)
meat dumplings(肉馅饺子)、make dumplings(包饺子)、eat dumplings(吃饺子)
可数名词,复数dumplings;
中国传统食物,Spring Festival常吃
We make dumplings with our family at Spring Festival.
river /ˈrɪvə(r)/(n. 河;江)
a long river(一条长河)、in the river(在河里)、the Yellow River(黄河)
可数名词,复数rivers;
专有名词the Yellow River(黄河)首字母大写
There is a clean river running through our town.
vegetable /ˈvedʒtəbl/(n. 蔬菜)
green vegetables(绿色蔬菜)、eat vegetables(吃蔬菜)、fresh vegetables(新鲜蔬菜)
可数名词,复数vegetables;
常用复数形式表“蔬菜”整体
Eating more vegetables is good for your health.
rice /raɪs/(n. 大米;米饭)
cook rice(煮米饭)、a bowl of rice(一碗米饭)、rice and vegetables(米饭和蔬菜)
不可数名词,无复数形式;
a bowl of rice表“一碗米饭”
We eat rice for dinner every day.
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