专题02 语法填空15篇（上海专用）（高考典例+热点话题练习）-2026届上海高考英语总复习

专题02 语法填空15篇 (上海专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 自然地理 2 适中 方法/策略 3 适中 发明与创造 4 适中 交通与运输 5 较难 美术与摄影,哲理感悟 6 适中 社会问题与社会现象,食物与饮料 7 较难 生活故事,个人经历 8 较难 科学家 9 较难 社会问题与社会现象,家人和亲人 10 较难 人工智能 11 适中 自然灾害与防范 12 较难 历史知识,中国文化与节日 13 较难 环境污染 14 较难 社会问题与社会现象 15 适中 家人和亲人 ,旅游观光 【高考典例】 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Lights of Aurora On the night of 2 September 1859, the dark sky over Europe and North America was suddenly full of light. The light did not come from the sun or the moon — and it had a strange colour. The light moved across the sky, 1 (come) and going, like clouds in a strong wind. In the United States, a man in Boston was using the telegraph to speak to a man in Portland, 160 km away. They both turned off the electricity for the telegraph, but 2 could still speak to each other for the next two hours. The electricity was coming from the light in the sky. How was this possible? And what was the light in the sky? The light is called the aurora. Usually, you can see it only at the very north of the earth, 3 it is called aurora borealis or Northern Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights. But in 1859, something happened in the sun — a very large storm — and it moved the aurora across the middle of the earth. We do not think that his ever happened before 1859, and we know that it 4 (not happen) since then. Why does the aurora happen? And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth? The aurora is made by something 5 (call) the ‘solar wind’ (wind from the sun). We cannot see this wind, or touch it. It is a wind of particles that travel away from the sun all the time at about 400 kilometres a second. Most of the particles never touch the earth. The earth has a kind of ‘wall’ around it that defends it 6 these particles. This wall is called the earth's magnetic field, and it pushes the particles away on either side. But the earth's magnetic field has two ‘windows’ in it: the magnetic north, and the magnetic south. At these places, the earth's magnetic field turns down into the earth. And some of the particles from the solar wind come through these magnetic ‘windows’. These solar particles crash into the particles that are already in our sky. And 7 this happens, we see the beautiful lines or clouds of light of the aurora. Alaska is a good place 8 (see) the aurora borealis, and you can also go to places like Iceland, Siberia, the north of Greenland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland. To see the aurora australis, go to the south of Australia, Tasmania, or New Zealand. People travel thousands of kilometres to see the aurora, and they can never be sure 9 it will happen. But 10 does see it says that they will never forget it. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Why Being in a Band Is Cool When you were younger, a piano lesson may have ruined your day. Carrying a flute (长笛) from class to class just for a half-hour lesson 1 have seemed pointless. But as you enter the adult world suddenly you realize that knowing how to play an instrument is pretty cool. Yes, even the flute. So, what makes being in a band so cool? Is it because you get to go on stage and play to millions of adoring fans? Well, yes, but it’ll be a few years before your dodgy rendition of ‘Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star’ starts to resemble a Mozart symphony. 2 talented you’ve been in music it’s still not easy to organize a band, but here’s a quick guide to get you started: 1) Find your members. You’ll need a drummer, a guitarist, a bass guitarist and a singer. Any other instruments are a bonus. This is where 3 (play) the flute comes in, if you can make playing the flute cool, you deserve all the fame and fortune in the world! 2) Organize a band practice. If you are lucky enough to have a band member 4 a drum kit and parents who are hard of hearing, you can practise at home for free. Otherwise, you’ll need to find a local studio 5 can be expensive. 6 (divide) the cost equally, including the cost of hiring any equipment such as cymbals for the drummer, you rock together, you roll together ! 3) Be productive. If you’re paying for a studio, the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with each other, so meet half an hour in advance to get all the chatting 7 (finish). 4) Agree on songs to learn, and learn them! Each band member should choose a song for the whole band 8 (learn) ready for rehearsal. This will allow you to see 9 genres (类型) work for your group. (5) Start writing. Once you know what music works for you, start writing! You can do this individually or as a band but the most important thing is to respect other people’s songs. It’s very rare to find 10 who isn’t shy about sharing their first few pieces of writing, so be nice! If that sounds like a lot of hard work, then you’re right! If it also sounds like a lot of fun, get stated! But what is it that makes all that hard work worth it? Being in a band teaches you precious life lessons. It is a fun way of learning about how to share opinions respectfully, be creative, become more confident and work as a team. Once you can do that you’ll be well on your way to finding what it is about you that makes you unique, special and cool! Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Introduction to English as a Second Language Teacher’s Book One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15,000 years 1 it was first invented. Of course, these days, the bow and arrow 2 (use) mainly in sporting events, but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food. In western Asia, another extremely important invention was born — the ability to produce pots. As long as 6500 years ago, people were producing pottery, mostly plain and without designs, but the technique has changed little since. Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention. Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe. Around 1500 years later, the Phoenicians used sand, limestone and sodium carbonate to produce 3 else which we would be lost without — glass. How many things do you lock with a key every day? Doors, cupboards? The car? We really don’t think much about them, 4 we? Well, the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago, in Assyria. This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of Sargon II. Another amazing invention, which we probably take for granted these days, is the skill of knitting 5 first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago. The 6 (early) examples are knitted socks! Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame, like a simple magnifying glass, way back in the 13th century. In about 1290, the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence. And, believe it or not, the modern contact lens is 120 years old!  Time flies and we spend a lot of time 7 (check) how much time we have left! This would be impossible 8 clocks and watches, 9 are all around us: on walls, on our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPods. The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639-1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch — face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, 10 (remain) largely unchanged in all that time. 【热点话题练习】 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Right on track Government agencies are rarely known for the quality of their TikTok output. An exception is Amtrak, America’s national railway firm, 1 posts can get hundreds of thousands of views. One recent video features an employee pulling plastic covers off seats in a new train carriage, 2 the sound of Beethoven’s “Ode to Joy”. The train is the “next-gen” Acela, launched on August 28th. Despite being several years late, the new Acela comes at a particularly hopeful moment for Amtrak. In the nine months to July, 28. 6 million people travelled by train, a 6% year-on-year increase. That puts the firm comfortably on track this financial year to record the most journeys in its 54-year history. In Florida, Brightline, a private firm 3 (run) Miami-Orlando trains, has also seen 11% more passengers over the past year. Trains are back in fashion. Reasons for the return to the rails? Roger Harris, Amtrak’s president was quoted as saying “there is a greater interest in passenger rail, especially in the younger generation”. Hence the TikToks. He also cites growing congestion on the roads, more painful airport experiences and population growth in city centres. Amtrak 4 has made improvements, too. More trains are running, particularly on routes that sell out often. The firm has also embraced clever pricing, with discounts used to sell seats on emptier trains, while passengers on the busiest services 5 (squeeze) for more. By international standards, the boom is still insignificant, 6 not nothing. The Acelas carries 43% of Amtrak’s passengers, runs frequently and is by far 7 (comfortable) inter-city option. Can the boom continue? Very likely. The infrastructure law 8 (sign) by Joe Biden in 2021 has flooded the system with money. Since 2019 Amtrak’s capital spending has risen more than three-fold. Construction recently started on a new tunnel in Baltimore to replace a 150-year-old one. Service is also expanding elsewhere. Two new routes 9 (open) over the past two years, with strong ticket sales. Yet there are limits too. In theory the new Acela train can run at 160 mph, using tilting (倾斜) technology to go round curves without slowing, but for now, the trains neither tilt nor go any faster. 10 is needed is a track overhaul (彻底翻修) . Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Art can change how we understand the world Amid the quick pace of modern life, I’ve made a conscious effort to seek out moments of quiet discovery. Over the course of this year, whether I’m in my home city or travelling, I’ve made time 1 (visit) art galleries and museums, allowing myself a few hours to make my way through permanent collections. I chance upon a work that arrests me, and that is also new to me. I get lost in all the thoughts 2 arise as I spend time with the exhibits. They make me reflect on life. As debates around the representation of art in public museums grow ever 3 (intense), I’ve found myself thinking about how an exhibit can speak to us. I believe art can deeply affect how we consider the way we understand one another’s experiences and histories. "The Confiscation (没收) of the Contents of an Art dealer’s Gallery" is a work by François Bunel the Younger. The painting depicts several men carrying works of art. We see a man, dressed in black with an uncertain expression on his face, 4 (gesture) to another person who is removing one of the works. In the left foreground a man in a black cloak stands close to a large open chest. There is only one woman in the painting. With her hands 5 (cross) on her belly, she has a sad look on her face. This painting reminds me that throughout history people 6 (recognise) the power of art. It is suggestive to me of the idea that deciding which art to confiscate is clear cut, and that whoever orchestrated this event understands the world in a somewhat unrealistically defined sense of black and white, right and wrong, 7 diversity of form and content. 8 there is art, a world does not seem to have any room for an expansive imagination. Titus Kaphar is a contemporary American artist who leads viewers to explore the story behind his painting. Much of his work explores the narrative gaps in history, highlighting ways that ideas and representations of the past remain relevant to how we comprehend present-day realities. He is also the co-founder of NXTHVN, 9 national arts initiative focused on career advisory for the next generation of artists. A question contemporary German photographer Thomas Struth asked himself at the time of his museum visits was: “What can you valuably take from pictures from the past, which might be a catalyst for productive ideas for the future?” I think this remains an invaluable question for all of us. Our shared humanity includes a collective shared history that can help inform 10 we create our future. Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Thanksgiving, Hold the Turkey Becoming a vegetarian wasn’t that hard for Harper Dutton. The 26-year-old doesn’t really love the taste of meat anyway, so this summer, to help the environment, she quit meat and practiced 351 (make) stuffing without bacon at her home. As evidence grows 352 eating less meat can help curb the effects of climate change, more and more Americans are preparing meat-free holiday meals for the first time. Sales of plant-based meat replacements in the U. S. 353 (grow) 31% over the past two years, according to a report by the data technology company Spins commissioned by plant-based food interest organizations. Tofurky, 354 alt-meat brand famous for its tofu-based turkey replacement, has barely been able to keep up with the increased demand. In February, the company had to bring in a $7 million private investment 355 was intended to meet production needs for 2019. “We were not ready for what seems to have been the tipping point (引爆点) being met,” says Jaime Athos, the CEO. “Honestly, we didn’t expect it to happen so fast.” Evolving attitudes toward vegetarianism in the U. S. have contributed greatly to the plant-based industry’s growth, says Adam Sprintzen, author of The Vegetarian Crusade. Though some adopted vegetarianism in the 19th century simply because meat was so expensive, historically, the practice 356 (associate) with movements like women’s rights, abolitionism and economic justice, casting the choice to avoid meat as a statement. “Vegetarianism as a movement undergoes a pretty significant transformation in the U. S. kind of neatly at the turn of the 20th century.” 357 the idea that a meatless diet could improve personal health gained popularity, more meat alternatives became available. During World War I, it was even seen as patriotic. A 1918 article from the Chicago Daily Tribune, headlined Have You ever Dined upon The mock Turkey, highlighted the alternative meat options 358 the day, as the Council of National Defense promoted vegetarianism as a means of limiting meat. Today, the wide availability paired with their improving taste of meat alternatives makes 359 (go) vegetarian much easier. But Americans may not be ready to skip meat at Thanksgiving since the holiday and turkey are so interwoven. Every year, the U. S. President marks that tradition by having a turkey 1 (pardon) on the White House lawn. “It’s part of us, it’s part of our culture, it’s imbued (灌输) within who we are as Americans,” says Shprintzen. Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It happened all too quickly when I leaned over to reach for the ring Miss Allan demanded. My sleeve caught on the corner of the tray of solitaires (宝石首饰). The tray teetered. I grabbed at it and six magnificent diamond rings went 1 (roll) across the floor. Down on my knees, I said through my tears, “Oh, Mr. McCallum, Miss Allan is waiting! What will I do?” “I 2 (see) to Miss Allan myself,” he said. “Just pick up those rings!” With frantic speed I collected five rings and put them in their slots. I couldn’t find the sixth and thought it 3 have slipped through the tiny opening between the showcase and the window. I ran around the counter and looked down. It wasn’t there. 4 the corner of my eye I saw a tall man edging toward the door of the shop a few yards away. In a flash I knew with absolute certainty that he had the ring; he had been standing at the only spot 5 it could have rolled. I reached him as his hand touched the door handle. “Excuse me, please.” I said. He returned, and for an endless minute neither of us spoke while I prayed for some way to save the future I had felt in my grasp. To drop a tray of rings was bad, but that would be forgiven. 6 (lose) one was unthinkable. And yet if I made a fuss — 7 I turned out to be right about this man — it could well be the end of all my hopes. “What do you want?” he said, and I saw the muscles of his cheeks twitch. Disaster could come to me from what I was sure he’d done. Yet I felt instinctively he 8 (not come) into the store intending to steal — perhaps just to get a bit of warmth in this cold Christmas season and a feeling of better times. I knew 9 it felt like to look for work and find none, and could imagine the bitterness of a man seeing others still able to buy luxuries while he and his family went short of necessities. “What do you want?” he repeated. Suddenly I had the answer. Mother had always told me poor people were basically kind. I didn’t think this man would want to hurt me. I looked out into the fog that was swirling outside. “This is my first job,” I said. “Jobs are scarce now, aren’t they?” He searched my face intently, then smiled a very gentle smile, “Yes”, he said. “Indeed they are. But I’m sure you’ll do very well in yours. May I wish you luck?” He put his hand out and grasped 10 . “Good luck to you,” I whispered as he opened the door and vanished in the fog. Then I turned and put the sixth diamond back into place. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Jane Goodall, Who Chronicled (详实记载) the Social Lives of Chimps, Dies at 91 By Keith Schneider, The New York Times, Published Oct. 1,2025 Her discoveries as a primatologist in the 1960s about how chimpanzees behave in the wild were hailed as “one of the Western world’s great scientific achievements”. Jane Goodall, one of the world’s most revered conservationists, who earned scientific stature and global celebrity by chronicling the distinctive behavior of wild chimpanzees in East Africa—primates 1 made and used tools, ate meat, held rain dances and engaged in organized warfare—died on Wednesday in Los Angeles. She was 91. Her death, 2 she was on a speaking tour, was confirmed by the Jane Goodall Institute, 3 U.S. headquarters are in Washington, D．C． When not traveling widely, she lived in Bournemouth, on the south coast of England, in her childhood home. Dr. Goodall was 29 in the summer of 1963 when National Geographic magazine published her 7,500-word, 37-page account of the lives of primates she 4 (observe) in the Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve in what is now Tanzania. On the scientific merits alone, her discoveries about how wild chimpanzees raised their young, established leadership, socialized and communicated 5 (break) new ground and attracted immense attention and respect among researchers. Stephen Jay Gould, the evolutionary biologist and science historian, said her work with chimpanzees “represents one of the Western world’s great scientific achievements.” On learning of Dr. Goodall’s documented evidence 6 humans were not the only creatures capable of making and using tools, Louis Leakey, the paleoanthropologist and Dr. Goodall’s mentor, famously remarked, “Now we 7 redefine ‘tool,’ redefine ‘man,’ or accept chimpanzees as humans.” In articles and books, her lucid (易懂的) prose carried vivid descriptions, some lighthearted, of the numerous perils she encountered in the African rainforest-malaria, leopards, crocodiles, spitting cobras and deadly giant centipedes, to name a few. Her writing gained its 8 (wide) attention in three more long articles in National Geographic in the 1960s and 70s and in three well-received books, “My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees” (1967), “In the Shadow of Man” and “Through a Window” (1990). Dr. Goodall’s willingness to challenge scientific convention and shape the details of her research 9 a riveting (吸引人的) adventure narrative about two primary subjects-the chimps and herself-turned her into a household name, in no small part thanks to the power of television. In December 1965, CBS News aired a documentary of her work in prime time, the first in a long string of nationally and internationally televised special reports about the chimpanzees of Gombe and the courageous woman steadfastly chronicling 10 she called their “rich emotional life.” Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Grandparents are carers out of love-and necessity I look after my grandchildren — at least a few hours for one day a week, often more. I love them deeply, and want to offer them 1 steadiness I can, while I can. But love alone isn’t what holds this together. I also care for them because their parents, like so many others, 2 (stretch) to the edge. Childcare is unaffordable. Work is nonstop. There is little left in reserve. Many grandparents step in not as a choice, but as the only available cushion in a 3 (fail) system. But that help comes at a cost. Caring for young children is tiring at any age; for older adults, after a full day or more, the next day is often a write-off too, 4 seems to be something almost no policy takes into account. This reflects the gradual withdrawal of social responsibility from care, and the expectation for families 5 (absorb) the shock. We are seeing the effects of this every day through exhaustion, silence and strain 6 (carry) behind closed doors. As a systemic psychotherapist, I try to pay attention to patterns: what holds people together, and what pulls them apart. One pattern I see is that the work of care has become more vital, yet 7 (visible). Grandparents, like many others, are holding families together 8 the scenes. But we rarely speak about it, and policy almost never accounts for it. Nowadays 9 climate disruption accelerates and social fragility deepens, care is the connective tissue that keeps communities alive. If we fail to recognise and support it, we weaken the very systems we will need to face what 10 (come). Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. From emotional breakdowns to quiet companionship, more people today are turning to AI for support. As tools like ChatGPT become part of everyday life, from dating apps to therapy bots, some 1 (believe) we’re not just using machines to save time, but also asking them to handle emotions. Many users, especially those feeling isolated or anxious, find comfort in AI’s calm and steady tone. “It reflects 2 I say,” one user shared, “and sometimes, that’s all I need.” For people under stress, having 3 that listens without judging can make a big difference. AI, always available and never upset, may seem more supportive than a human friend during hard times. Still, others remain unconvinced. Sounding kind and understanding, AI may create a sense of care, but lacking real emotion, it cannot truly connect. 4 the ability to feel or to process pain in a human way, it functions by predicting likely responses based on patterns in data. 5 (see) through this lens, the support it offers can be considered less meaningful, especially when compared to real human empathy. Some people argue that such help is not as meaningful as it appears, especially if users begin to trust it more than they 6 . In some cases, people even felt betrayed — as if the machine 7 (lie) to them, by sounding caring while actually knowing nothing about what they were going through. Experts remind us that AI, like any tool, depends on how it’s used. A knife can be used 8 (prepare) food, or to hurt. In the same way, AI can support or harm. Using it responsibly is key. There are deeper questions, too. 9 advanced, AI will remain less human than it sounds. It cannot fully copy our tone, timing, or emotions. And if AI ever becomes conscious, we may face complex debates about ethics and rights. In the end, AI is not a friend, but a mirror — one that reflects us, but doesn’t truly know us. Still, for some, that quiet reflection may be enough to feel just a little 10 (alone). Predicting Powerful Waves The earthquake in Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on July 30 may have been one of 1 (strong) ever recorded, with a magnitude of 8.8. But thanks to advances in science and technology, governments had enough time to warn and evacuate people 2 the tsunami arrived. To understand how coastal communities are protected, you first need to know how tsunamis are formed. They are caused when the sea floor moves after an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption. This movement releases energy, which pushes a wave through the deep sea. Different from normal ocean waves caused by wind and storms, tsunami waves move through the whole depth of the water, not just the surface. The first early warning system for the Pacific Ocean 3 (set) up in 1948. Since then, warning accuracy and speed have improved greatly. One key step was in 1963, 4 a worldwide network of seismometers（测震仪）was built. This made it easier to find the location and strength of an earthquake. In 1978, this system was upgraded to a digital broadband global network of seismometers, which could give more detailed information more quickly. Scientists could now estimate the earthquake's size, where the ground split, and 5 it moved in three dimensions. Today, 46 countries share data through the Pacific Ocean warning system. 6 uses both physical and statistical models to predict tsunami height. Satellites can now measure wave height directly from space 7 (use) radar. Forecast methods have also improved. Scientists have even started using AI programs to make predictions faster and more accurate. The US Geological Survey pioneered the rapid sharing of earthquake data with the public. Initial estimates can now be given 8 minutes after an earthquake, and these are updated over the next few hours as more data are collected. However, tsunami height predictions are never precise — the height can be higher or lower than 9 (expect) in different places. Early warning systems also depend on fast communication with the public. This includes mobile phone alerts, coordination between countries, clear safety advice, evacuation plans and regular tests of the alarm system. As a tsunami gets near the shore, it slows down to about the speed of a car, but it is still impossible to outrun it. Therefore, the best choice is 10 (act) quickly and calmly at the very moment. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Empires in Conversation Despite the thousands of miles separating them and the big differences in their peoples,two rulers in 17th-century Europe and China were nevertheless the driving force behind a grand cultural exchange. The two men were the Kangxi Emperor of China’s Qing Dynasty and King Louis XIV of France. A symbolic image from the period captured the exchange: European ambassadors (使臣), 1 (dress) in the robes of Qing officials, stood beside an armillary sphere in the court of the Kangxi Emperor. The astronomy, mathematics, physics, and chemistry they brought 2 (fascinate) the young emperor, who was particularly interested in the heavenly bodies. Through their instruction, Kangxi gained a rich knowledge. On one visit to southern China, he used a spirit level (水平仪) to measure the water, and found a mistake in 3 his ministers were controlling the water in the Hongze lake. It is natural for many of us 4 (marvel) at the Chinese emperor’s good knowledge of Western technologies. But Kangxi’s interests extended 5 the hard sciences: He tried to organize information about these foreign lands and spread 6 among the public. He asked his third prince, Yinzhi, to establish a museum of mathematics 7 talented scholars would engage in research and observation of mathematical laws and the universe. In court speeches, Kangxi would hold forth on the natural sciences from Europe, 8 (lecture) young princes about astronomy, calendar systems and arithmetic. Outstanding students 9 (send) to the institution of astronomy or other key departments. 10 the visitors from the West came to the East mainly to spread their culture, upon arriving in that ancient kingdom, they discovered its people already possessed their own well-established understanding of the world. There was the Golden Mean of Confucius, and the unknowable Tao of Lao Tzu. And these left a deep impression on the traveling Europeans. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Down in the Waste-yard What happens to that single-use plastic bottle after you place it in a recycling bin? Most people assume it really 1 (recycle), probably at a facility not far away. Much more likely is 2 the bin is only the departure point on a long journey to the other side of the world, 3 that bottle will be washed, dried, sorted by material, and turned into packaging material. Consider that a victory. If it is packaging itself that has been thrown, it will probably end up as a dirty form of fuel, 4 (power) the production of concrete or even tofu. Or it 5 go all the way just to sit in Asia or Africa, spoiling the landscape, blocking rivers, entering the ocean, being swallowed by marine life and perhaps finding its way back into your home and even into your body. It is recycling, but not 6 people traditionally think of it. The broad facts of the fiction of recycling are no secret. But Alexander Clapp, a journalist, does something eye-catching in his book. He follows rubbish, travelling to some of the world’s most unpleasant places to record the effects of consumption: villages in Indonesia 7 (bury) under mountains of Western plastic, a ship-breaking yard in Turkey where men tear apart the harmful shells of American passenger ships, a slum (贫民窟) in Ghana where migrants obtain valuable metals 8 the rich world’s abandoned computers and mobile phones. Waste Wars also contains jaw-dropping but forgotten stories, such as 9 of the Khian Sea, a ship carrying a season’s worth of ash from garbage incinerators (焚化炉) in Philadelphia, which set sail for the Bahamas in 1986. The ship and its poisonous goods 10 (deny) entry, forcing the crew to look for alternative rubbish dumps. After 27 months of being turned away from every possible port, it arrived in Asia with an empty hold. The captain admitted years later to dumping the ash in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. Would You Pay $1,000 for a Family Photo? Kirsten Bethmann started photographing families in 2005. She was living in North Carolina, and found the era’s typical style to be pretty inspired, with families 1 (stand) awkwardly amid low, windswept sand hills. So, when she entered the field, she drew inspiration 2 her background in photojournalism and tried something more natural. She instructed families to play on the beach for most of their hour-long session, and then spend 10 minutes taking traditional, 3 (pose) photos. She even drafted contracts requiring clients to promise that they 4 (not style) in matching outfits. The first year, she had a dozen customers. Twenty years later, her services have become among 5 (popular) in the field, which is why some people fly her out of the state, even out of the country, and spend $7,000 for a day-long shoot. 6 we are living in an age when almost anyone can produce high-quality images with merely a smartphone, people like Bethmann find it easier than ever to secure work. The number of working professional photographers 7 (rise) by roughly 15 percent over the past decade and is expected to keep increasing. Family photography is one of the field’s most popular specialties. Rates as steep as Bethmann’s are uncommon. Still, nearly 40 percent of customers dish out more than $1,000 for a shoot. Putting so much money toward professional photos might feel like a luxury. But family pictures have long been highly treasured objects, 8 value lies less in their material form than in the memories they preserve. The deep-seated urge 9 (hold) on to a memory is almost instinctive, as seen in our ancestors’ cave drawings or storytelling around a fire. Today, that age-old instinct of preservation is facing new pressures from social media for people to measure up to 10 they are exposed to online, fueling demand and transforming how and why families capture their memories: what the photos look like, what they cost, and, crucially, who they are for. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Journey Back to Each Other Inspired by my daughter’s tales of backpacking adventures and my desire to hang out with my youngest son outside the house, I booked two tickets to Shanghai for the September school holidays, surprising us both. We, 1 (arm) with a budget, some travel insurance, and a rough plan built around some last-minute internet searches, headed to the airport. We arrived in Shanghai sleepy and excited at 5: 30 a.m. Despite the early start, the air was already hot and soupy, 2 my son used as an excuse to head straight for a convenience store and buy one of the many drinks he’d remembered from all those years before. There is something very freeing about arriving in a place where you have no plans. And we 3 (not do). I discovered that he could find his way 4 remembering landmarks. Within a day he’d become the navigator, and I was the lost one, following behind. As tourists, we 5 (expose) to everything together, giving us back a connection we don’t always have in our daily lives. He is naturally curious, which 6 (make) for a good traveller, and instead of hesitating over the things he suggested, I just went with it. He was the one who said we should hire bikes. He was the one who showed me how to speed up and led me through the streets downtown, laughing 7 I screamed in delight. He dragged me shopping for jeans in stores and made me catch buses 8 (take) us in the wrong direction entirely. He was just as likely as I was 9 (know) what train to catch, or find the right street to turn down, or stand in awe at the foot of a giant temple, or queue for hours for a steaming bowl of Xiaolongbao. I saw him differently in Shanghai. Travelling meant we were more like equals — partners in adventure. And instead of missing the child version of 10 , I saw the adult he was becoming. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 语法填空15篇 (上海专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 自然地理 2 适中 方法/策略 3 适中 发明与创造 4 适中 交通与运输 5 较难 美术与摄影,哲理感悟 6 适中 社会问题与社会现象,食物与饮料 7 较难 生活故事,个人经历 8 较难 科学家 9 较难 社会问题与社会现象,家人和亲人 10 较难 人工智能 11 适中 自然灾害与防范 12 较难 历史知识,中国文化与节日 13 较难 环境污染 14 较难 社会问题与社会现象 15 适中 家人和亲人 ,旅游观光 【高考典例】 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Lights of Aurora On the night of 2 September 1859, the dark sky over Europe and North America was suddenly full of light. The light did not come from the sun or the moon — and it had a strange colour. The light moved across the sky, 1 (come) and going, like clouds in a strong wind. In the United States, a man in Boston was using the telegraph to speak to a man in Portland, 160 km away. They both turned off the electricity for the telegraph, but 2 could still speak to each other for the next two hours. The electricity was coming from the light in the sky. How was this possible? And what was the light in the sky? The light is called the aurora. Usually, you can see it only at the very north of the earth, 3 it is called aurora borealis or Northern Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights. But in 1859, something happened in the sun — a very large storm — and it moved the aurora across the middle of the earth. We do not think that his ever happened before 1859, and we know that it 4 (not happen) since then. Why does the aurora happen? And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth? The aurora is made by something 5 (call) the ‘solar wind’ (wind from the sun). We cannot see this wind, or touch it. It is a wind of particles that travel away from the sun all the time at about 400 kilometres a second. Most of the particles never touch the earth. The earth has a kind of ‘wall’ around it that defends it 6 these particles. This wall is called the earth's magnetic field, and it pushes the particles away on either side. But the earth's magnetic field has two ‘windows’ in it: the magnetic north, and the magnetic south. At these places, the earth's magnetic field turns down into the earth. And some of the particles from the solar wind come through these magnetic ‘windows’. These solar particles crash into the particles that are already in our sky. And 7 this happens, we see the beautiful lines or clouds of light of the aurora. Alaska is a good place 8 (see) the aurora borealis, and you can also go to places like Iceland, Siberia, the north of Greenland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland. To see the aurora australis, go to the south of Australia, Tasmania, or New Zealand. People travel thousands of kilometres to see the aurora, and they can never be sure 9 it will happen. But 10 does see it says that they will never forget it. 【答案】 1．coming 2．they 3．where 4．has not happened 5．called 6．against 7．when/as 8．to see 9．whether/if 10．whoever 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了极光。 1．考查现在分词。句意：光在天空中移动，来来去去，就像强风中的云。根据句子结构，空格处提示动词与“going”并列，所以形式应保持一致，且come与 The light为主动关系。故填coming。 2．考查代词作作主语。句意：他们俩都关掉了电报机的电源，但在接下来的两个小时里，他们仍然可以互相交谈。根据句子结构，该句缺主语，结合前面的“They both turned off the electricity for the telegraph,”可知，后半句的主语也为“they”，故填they。 3．考查定语从句。句意：通常，你只能在地球的最北边看到它，在那里它被称为北极光，或者在地球的最南边，它被称为南极光。空处引导定语从句，先行词为the very north of the earth，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 4．考查现在完成时的否定结构。句意：我们不认为这种情况在 1859 年以前发生过，我们知道从那以后也没有发生过。此处的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合“since”可知此处的时态为现在完成时，主语it表示单数意义，故填has not happened。 5．考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：极光是由一种叫做“太阳风”（来自太阳的分高）的东西产生。根据句子的谓语动词 is made，判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构，而且分析句子结构可知，something与call为被动关系，此处应用动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰something，故填called。 6．考查介词。句意：地球周围有一种“墙”，可以保护它不受这些粒子的影响。此处考查固定搭配 defend...against...“保卫……以免受……”，故填against。 7．考查时间状语从句。句意：当这种情况发生时，我们就会看到美丽的极光线或云。 本段一开始提到“Why does the aurora happen? (为什么会发生极光？)”，可知本段解释了极光是如何发生的，那么此处说的应是“当这种情况发生时，我们就会看到美丽的极光线或云”，用when或as引导时间状语从句，故填when/as。 8．考查动词不定式。句意：阿拉斯加是观赏北极光的好地方。根据句子谓语动词is判定空格处提示动词是非谓语动词结构，而此处考查的是句式：(It+is+a/an+名词+to+do+sth.)，故填to see。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：人们千里迢迢去看极光，却永远无法确定它是否会发生。此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，应用whether或if引导，故填whether或if。 10．考查主语从句。句意：但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它。分析句子结构可知此句缺主语，而后面宾语从句的主语为 they，再结合前面提到的“人们千里迅通去看极光”，说明极光很受欢迎，可以推测出这里的句意为“但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它”，也就是“无论是谁看到了它都说永远不会忘记它”，故填whoever。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Why Being in a Band Is Cool When you were younger, a piano lesson may have ruined your day. Carrying a flute (长笛) from class to class just for a half-hour lesson 1 have seemed pointless. But as you enter the adult world suddenly you realize that knowing how to play an instrument is pretty cool. Yes, even the flute. So, what makes being in a band so cool? Is it because you get to go on stage and play to millions of adoring fans? Well, yes, but it’ll be a few years before your dodgy rendition of ‘Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star’ starts to resemble a Mozart symphony. 2 talented you’ve been in music it’s still not easy to organize a band, but here’s a quick guide to get you started: 1) Find your members. You’ll need a drummer, a guitarist, a bass guitarist and a singer. Any other instruments are a bonus. This is where 3 (play) the flute comes in, if you can make playing the flute cool, you deserve all the fame and fortune in the world! 2) Organize a band practice. If you are lucky enough to have a band member 4 a drum kit and parents who are hard of hearing, you can practise at home for free. Otherwise, you’ll need to find a local studio 5 can be expensive. 6 (divide) the cost equally, including the cost of hiring any equipment such as cymbals for the drummer, you rock together, you roll together ! 3) Be productive. If you’re paying for a studio, the last thing you want is to spend it catching up with each other, so meet half an hour in advance to get all the chatting 7 (finish). 4) Agree on songs to learn, and learn them! Each band member should choose a song for the whole band 8 (learn) ready for rehearsal. This will allow you to see 9 genres (类型) work for your group. (5) Start writing. Once you know what music works for you, start writing! You can do this individually or as a band but the most important thing is to respect other people’s songs. It’s very rare to find 10 who isn’t shy about sharing their first few pieces of writing, so be nice! If that sounds like a lot of hard work, then you’re right! If it also sounds like a lot of fun, get stated! But what is it that makes all that hard work worth it? Being in a band teaches you precious life lessons. It is a fun way of learning about how to share opinions respectfully, be creative, become more confident and work as a team. Once you can do that you’ll be well on your way to finding what it is about you that makes you unique, special and cool! 【答案】 1．may 2．However 3．playing 4．with 5．which//that 6．Divide 7．finished 8．to learn 9．what 10．someone 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了组建乐队的快速指南。 1．考查情态动词。句意：带着长笛从一个班到另一个班仅仅上半小时的课似乎毫无意义。此句中有主语和谓语，在主语和谓语之间的空格缺少情态动词，且结合前句中的may可知，此处也表示不确定的推测，应用情态动词may。故填may。 2．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你在音乐方面多么有天赋，组建一支乐队仍然不容易，但这里有一个快速指南可以让你开始。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句，结合语意，此处表示“无论多么有天赋”，应用连词however引导从句，修饰形容词talented，置于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 3．考查动名词。句意：这就是吹长笛的用武之地，如果你能让吹长笛变得很酷，你就值得拥有世界上所有的名利！分析句子结构可知，空处在where引导的表语从句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填playing。 4．考查介词。句意：如果你足够幸运，有一个有架子鼓的乐队成员和听力障碍的父母，你可以在家里自由练习。结合语意可知，此处表示一个有架子鼓的乐队成员，所以空处应用介词with，表示“有”。故填with。 5．考查定语从句。句意：否则，你需要在当地找一个可能价格昂贵的工作室。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词studio，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。 6．考查祈使句。句意：均摊成本，包括为鼓手租用钹等任何设备的成本，你们一起摇滚，一起翻滚！分析句子结构可知，本句为祈使句，应用动词原形形式置于句首，首字母大写。故填Divide。 7．考查过去分词。句意：如果你要为一个工作室付费，你最不想做的就是花时间互相了解，所以提前半个小时见面，完成所有的闲聊。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，finish与逻辑主语the chatting之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填finished。 8．考查动词不定式。句意：每个乐队成员都应该为整个乐队选择一首歌曲来学习，为排练做好准备。分析句子结构可知，a song与learn是逻辑上的动宾关系， the whole band是动作的发出者，空处使用动词不定式主动形式作状语，表示被动含义。故填to learn。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：这将允许你看到什么类型的作品适合你的团队。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词see的宾语，what在从句中作定语修饰genres，表示“什么”，符合题意。故填what。 10．考查不定代词。句意：很少有人会不羞于分享他们的前几首曲子，所以要友善！空处作动词find的宾语，且结合空处who引导的限制性定语从句可知，此处表示“某人”，应用不定代词someone。故填someone。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Introduction to English as a Second Language Teacher’s Book One of the earliest-known inventions is the bow and arrow, which is still used throughout the world today, 15,000 years 1 it was first invented. Of course, these days, the bow and arrow 2 (use) mainly in sporting events, but in some places it is still a means of killing animals for food. In western Asia, another extremely important invention was born — the ability to produce pots. As long as 6500 years ago, people were producing pottery, mostly plain and without designs, but the technique has changed little since. Some people say that the wheel is the single most important invention. Early examples from about 5000 years ago have been found in the forests of Europe. Around 1500 years later, the Phoenicians used sand, limestone and sodium carbonate to produce 3 else which we would be lost without — glass. How many things do you lock with a key every day? Doors, cupboards? The car? We really don’t think much about them, 4 we? Well, the first example of a lock and key dates back to 2750 years ago, in Assyria. This is a lock on a large wooden door in the palace of Sargon II. Another amazing invention, which we probably take for granted these days, is the skill of knitting 5 first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago. The 6 (early) examples are knitted socks! Eye glasses developed from just one lens in a frame, like a simple magnifying glass, way back in the 13th century. In about 1290, the idea to put two lenses in a frame to sit on the nose was developed in Florence. And, believe it or not, the modern contact lens is 120 years old!  Time flies and we spend a lot of time 7 (check) how much time we have left! This would be impossible 8 clocks and watches, 9 are all around us: on walls, on our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPods. The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639-1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch — face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, 10 (remain) largely unchanged in all that time. 【答案】 1．after 2．is used 3．something 4．do 5．which/that 6．earliest 7．checking 8．without 9．which 10．has remained 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类发展史上一些重要的发明：弓箭、罐、车轮、玻璃、锁和钥匙、编织、眼镜和钟表。 1．考查从属连词。句意：已知最早的发明之一是弓和箭，在其被发明15000年后的今天，仍然在世界各地使用。弓箭在发明之后，沿用至今，设空处应用从属连词after，引导时间状语从句。故填after。 2．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当然，现在弓箭主要用于体育比赛，但在一些地方它仍然是一种猎杀动物的手段。设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语these days以及后半句的时态，此处应用一般现在时态；动词use与逻辑主语the bow and arrow为动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语the bow and arrow说的是弓箭这个整体的意思，为单数，故be动词为is。故填is used。 3．考查不定代词。句意：大约1500年后，腓尼基人用沙子、石灰石和碳酸钠制造出了别的我们不可或缺的东西——玻璃。设空处应填不定代词something，短语something else，意为“别的东西”符合句意。故填something。 4．考查反义疑问句。句意：我们真的没怎么想过他们，不是吗？此处为反义疑问句，前半句中有don’t，为否定句，后面的附加问句应用肯定形式，助动词应用do。故填do。 5．考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：另一项令人惊叹的发明，我们现在可能认为是理所当然的，就是编织技术，它首先出现在罗马帝国，大约1700年前。 the skill of knitting为先行词，为物，后接限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，设空处应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 6．考查形容词最高级。句意：最早的例子是针织袜子！根据上一句“Another amazing invention, which we probably take for granted these days, is the skill of knitting 　　5　 first appeared in the Roman Empire, some 1700 years ago.(另一项令人惊叹的发明，我们现在可能认为是理所当然的，就是针织技术，它首先出现在罗马帝国，大约1700年前)”可知，“发明”应该是该物出现最早的时候，编织的手艺首次出现在1700年前的罗马帝国，最早的范例是织袜子。设空处前面的the，应与形容词最高级连用，early的最高级为earliest，作名词examples的前置定语。故填earliest。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：时间飞逝，我们花了很多时间检查我们还剩下多少时间！此处涉及动词短语spend...doing...，意为“花……时间做……”，设空处应填动名词形式。故填checking。 8．考查介词。句意：这一切都是不可能的，如果没有我们身边的钟表——它们在墙上，在我们的手腕上，在我们的电脑上，甚至在我们的手机和iPod上。句中的this指代的上一句内容we spend a lot of time checking how much time we have left，根据常识，查看时间需要用到时钟或者手表，没有时钟或手表将不可能查看时间，因此设空处应填介词without。故填without。 9．考查非限定性定语从句的关系代词。句意：这一切都是不可能的，如果没有我们身边的钟表——它们在墙上，在我们的手腕上，在我们的电脑上，甚至在我们的手机和iPod上。clocks and watches为先行词，为物，后接非限制性定语从句，作从句的主语，应填关系代词which。故填which。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：10年前，英国的Thomas Tompion (1639-1714) 发明了第一块怀表，他的两根或三根指针围绕表盘运动的设计，一直以来基本没有改变。his watch-face design为主语，后接了介词短语作定语，设空处为谓语动词，时间状语in all that time，意为“一直以来”，表明：自从发明第一块怀表以来，设计一直保持不变的状态，可用现在完成时态；主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has remained。 【热点话题练习】 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Right on track Government agencies are rarely known for the quality of their TikTok output. An exception is Amtrak, America’s national railway firm, 1 posts can get hundreds of thousands of views. One recent video features an employee pulling plastic covers off seats in a new train carriage, 2 the sound of Beethoven’s “Ode to Joy”. The train is the “next-gen” Acela, launched on August 28th. Despite being several years late, the new Acela comes at a particularly hopeful moment for Amtrak. In the nine months to July, 28. 6 million people travelled by train, a 6% year-on-year increase. That puts the firm comfortably on track this financial year to record the most journeys in its 54-year history. In Florida, Brightline, a private firm 3 (run) Miami-Orlando trains, has also seen 11% more passengers over the past year. Trains are back in fashion. Reasons for the return to the rails? Roger Harris, Amtrak’s president was quoted as saying “there is a greater interest in passenger rail, especially in the younger generation”. Hence the TikToks. He also cites growing congestion on the roads, more painful airport experiences and population growth in city centres. Amtrak 4 has made improvements, too. More trains are running, particularly on routes that sell out often. The firm has also embraced clever pricing, with discounts used to sell seats on emptier trains, while passengers on the busiest services 5 (squeeze) for more. By international standards, the boom is still insignificant, 6 not nothing. The Acelas carries 43% of Amtrak’s passengers, runs frequently and is by far 7 (comfortable) inter-city option. Can the boom continue? Very likely. The infrastructure law 8 (sign) by Joe Biden in 2021 has flooded the system with money. Since 2019 Amtrak’s capital spending has risen more than three-fold. Construction recently started on a new tunnel in Baltimore to replace a 150-year-old one. Service is also expanding elsewhere. Two new routes 9 (open) over the past two years, with strong ticket sales. Yet there are limits too. In theory the new Acela train can run at 160 mph, using tilting (倾斜) technology to go round curves without slowing, but for now, the trains neither tilt nor go any faster. 10 is needed is a track overhaul (彻底翻修) . 【答案】 1．whose 2．to 3．running 4．itself 5．are squeezed 6．but 7．the most comfortable 8．signed 9．have been opened 10．What 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了美国国家铁路公司Amtrak的复兴，包括其新列车Acela的推出、乘客量的增长、复兴原因及未来展望。 1．考查定语从句。句意：美国国家铁路公司Amtrak就是一个例外，它的帖子能获得数十万的浏览量。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Amtrak，且在从句中作定语，所以空处需用关系代词whose。故填whose。 2．考查介词。句意：最近的一个视频中，一名员工在新列车车厢里拉开塑料座套，伴随着贝多芬的《欢乐颂》的声音。空处需用介词to，表示“伴随着……的声音”。故填to。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在佛罗里达州，经营迈阿密-奥兰多列车的私营公司Brightline，在过去一年里的乘客量也增加了11%。本句已有谓语动词has seen，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词firm，动词run与其逻辑主语firm之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词running。故填running。 4．考查反身代词。句意：Amtrak本身也做出了改进。空处需用反身代词itself作Amtrak的同位语，表示强调。故填itself。 5．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该公司还采用了巧妙的定价策略，在空车上打折出售座位，而在最繁忙的服务上，乘客则需支付更高票价。空处需用谓语动词，根据空前while可知，此处前后句对比，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是复数passengers，与谓语动词squeeze“榨取”之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态：are done。故填are squeezed。 6．考查连词。句意：按照国际标准，这种繁荣仍然微不足道，但并非毫无意义。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后句之间表示转折关系，所以空处需用连词but。故填but。 7．考查形容词最高级。句意：Acelas承载了Amtrak 43%的乘客，运行频繁，是目前最舒适的城市间交通选择。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词option，根据空前by far和句意可知，此处表示最高级意义，所以空处需用形容词最高级the most comfortable。故填the most comfortable。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：乔·拜登2021年签署的基础设施法案为该系统注入了大量资金。本句已有谓语动词has flooded，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词law，动词sign与其逻辑主语law之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词signed。故填signed。 9．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去两年里，两条新线路已经开通，门票销售强劲。空处需用谓语动词，根据时间状语over the past two years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态，主语是复数routes，与谓语动词open之间是被动关系，所以空处需用现在完成时态的被动语态：have been done。故填have been opened。 10．考查主语从句。句意：需要的是轨道彻底翻修。空处需用连接词引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示所需的事物，所以空处需用连接代词what引导主语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填What。 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Art can change how we understand the world Amid the quick pace of modern life, I’ve made a conscious effort to seek out moments of quiet discovery. Over the course of this year, whether I’m in my home city or travelling, I’ve made time 1 (visit) art galleries and museums, allowing myself a few hours to make my way through permanent collections. I chance upon a work that arrests me, and that is also new to me. I get lost in all the thoughts 2 arise as I spend time with the exhibits. They make me reflect on life. As debates around the representation of art in public museums grow ever 3 (intense), I’ve found myself thinking about how an exhibit can speak to us. I believe art can deeply affect how we consider the way we understand one another’s experiences and histories. "The Confiscation (没收) of the Contents of an Art dealer’s Gallery" is a work by François Bunel the Younger. The painting depicts several men carrying works of art. We see a man, dressed in black with an uncertain expression on his face, 4 (gesture) to another person who is removing one of the works. In the left foreground a man in a black cloak stands close to a large open chest. There is only one woman in the painting. With her hands 5 (cross) on her belly, she has a sad look on her face. This painting reminds me that throughout history people 6 (recognise) the power of art. It is suggestive to me of the idea that deciding which art to confiscate is clear cut, and that whoever orchestrated this event understands the world in a somewhat unrealistically defined sense of black and white, right and wrong, 7 diversity of form and content. 8 there is art, a world does not seem to have any room for an expansive imagination. Titus Kaphar is a contemporary American artist who leads viewers to explore the story behind his painting. Much of his work explores the narrative gaps in history, highlighting ways that ideas and representations of the past remain relevant to how we comprehend present-day realities. He is also the co-founder of NXTHVN, 9 national arts initiative focused on career advisory for the next generation of artists. A question contemporary German photographer Thomas Struth asked himself at the time of his museum visits was: “What can you valuably take from pictures from the past, which might be a catalyst for productive ideas for the future?” I think this remains an invaluable question for all of us. Our shared humanity includes a collective shared history that can help inform 10 we create our future. 【答案】 1．to visit 2．that 3．more intense 4．gesturing 5．crossed 6．have recognised 7．without 8．Unless 9．a 10．how 【导语】这是一篇议论文。通过具体艺术作品和艺术家的例子，阐述了艺术如何引发人们对生活、历史及彼此经历的思考。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年以来，无论在我家乡还是旅行时，我都抽时间参观美术馆和博物馆，让自己花几小时浏览永久藏品。make time to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“抽出时间做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to visit，作目的状语。故填to visit。 2．考查定语从句。句意：我沉浸在欣赏展品时产生的各种思绪中。此处引导定语从句，先行词thoughts在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，此处应用关系代词that。故填that。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：随着关于公共博物馆中艺术展示的争论愈发激烈，我开始思考一件展品如何与我们产生共鸣。根据“grow ever”可知，此处表示“愈发……”，应用形容词比较级more intense。故填more intense。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们看到一个穿黑衣、表情不安的男人，正朝另一个搬艺术品的人做手势。句中已有谓语see。man与gesture是主谓关系，应用现在分词gesturing，作状语。故填gesturing。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：她双手交叉放在肚子上，脸上带着悲伤的神情。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，hands与cross是动宾关系，应用过去分词crossed，作宾补。故填crossed。 6．考查动词时态。句意：这幅画提醒我，古往今来人们都意识到了艺术的力量。根据“throughout history”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，且主语people是复数，助动词应用have。故填have recognised。 7．考查介词。句意：除非有艺术存在，否则世界似乎就没有容纳广阔想象的空间。根据“black and white, right and wrong”及空后名词“diversity”可知，此处应用介词without，表示“没有”。故填without。 8．考查条件状语从句。句意：除非有艺术存在，否则世界似乎就没有容纳广阔想象的空间。根据逗号前后的逻辑关系可知，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果没有”，应用unless，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unless。 9．考查冠词。句意：他也是NXTHVN的联合创始人，这是一项全国性的艺术倡议，专注于为下一代艺术家提供职业咨询。此处表示泛指“一项”倡议，且national以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：我们共同的人性包含着集体共享的历史，这有助于指导我们如何创造未来。此处引导宾语从句，作inform的宾语，根据“a collective shared history”及“we create our future”可知，此处应用how，表示“如何”。故填how。 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Thanksgiving, Hold the Turkey Becoming a vegetarian wasn’t that hard for Harper Dutton. The 26-year-old doesn’t really love the taste of meat anyway, so this summer, to help the environment, she quit meat and practiced 351 (make) stuffing without bacon at her home. As evidence grows 352 eating less meat can help curb the effects of climate change, more and more Americans are preparing meat-free holiday meals for the first time. Sales of plant-based meat replacements in the U. S. 353 (grow) 31% over the past two years, according to a report by the data technology company Spins commissioned by plant-based food interest organizations. Tofurky, 354 alt-meat brand famous for its tofu-based turkey replacement, has barely been able to keep up with the increased demand. In February, the company had to bring in a $7 million private investment 355 was intended to meet production needs for 2019. “We were not ready for what seems to have been the tipping point (引爆点) being met,” says Jaime Athos, the CEO. “Honestly, we didn’t expect it to happen so fast.” Evolving attitudes toward vegetarianism in the U. S. have contributed greatly to the plant-based industry’s growth, says Adam Sprintzen, author of The Vegetarian Crusade. Though some adopted vegetarianism in the 19th century simply because meat was so expensive, historically, the practice 356 (associate) with movements like women’s rights, abolitionism and economic justice, casting the choice to avoid meat as a statement. “Vegetarianism as a movement undergoes a pretty significant transformation in the U. S. kind of neatly at the turn of the 20th century.” 357 the idea that a meatless diet could improve personal health gained popularity, more meat alternatives became available. During World War I, it was even seen as patriotic. A 1918 article from the Chicago Daily Tribune, headlined Have You ever Dined upon The mock Turkey, highlighted the alternative meat options 358 the day, as the Council of National Defense promoted vegetarianism as a means of limiting meat. Today, the wide availability paired with their improving taste of meat alternatives makes 359 (go) vegetarian much easier. But Americans may not be ready to skip meat at Thanksgiving since the holiday and turkey are so interwoven. Every year, the U. S. President marks that tradition by having a turkey 1 (pardon) on the White House lawn. “It’s part of us, it’s part of our culture, it’s imbued (灌输) within who we are as Americans,” says Shprintzen. 【答案】 1．making 2．that 3．have grown 4．an 5．that/which 6．was associated 7．As 8．of 9．going 10．pardoned 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了美国越来越多人选择素食、植物基肉类替代品需求增长的趋势，以及素食主义在美国的发展与文化关联。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：26岁的她其实并不喜欢肉的味道，所以今年夏天，为了环保，她戒了肉，还在家练习做不含培根的馅料。practice doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“练习做某事”，此处应是动名词making，作宾语。故填making。 2．考查同位语从句。句意：随着少吃肉有助于缓解气候变化影响的证据越来越多，越来越多美国人首次准备无肉节日餐食。此处引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句成分完整且语义明确，应用that。故填that。 3．考查动词时态。句意：根据数据科技公司Spins受植物性食品权益组织委托发布的报告，美国植物基肉类替代品的销量在过去两年增长了31%。根据时间状语“over the past two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Sales是复数，谓语应是have grown。故填have grown。 4．考查冠词。句意：Tofurky，一家因豆腐火鸡替代品而闻名的全素公司，几乎跟不上需求的增长。此处泛指“一家”公司，且all-vegetarian以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 5．考查定语从句引导词。句意：今年2月，该公司引入了700万美元的私人投资，这笔投资旨在满足2019年的生产需求。此处引导定语从句，先行词是investment指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 6．考查动词时态语态。句意：虽然有些人在19世纪接受素食主义只是因为肉太贵了，但从历史上看，这种素食做法与女权、废奴和经济正义等运动相关联，使不吃肉的选择成为一种表态。根据“historically”可知，此处描述过去的状态，应用一般过去时，the practice与associate是动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语the practice是单数，谓语应是was associated。故填was associated。 7．考查连词。句意：随着无肉饮食能改善个人健康的理念流行起来，更多肉类替代品开始出现。根据“gained popularity”及“more meat alternatives became available”可知，此处应用连词As引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”。故填As。 8．考查介词。句意：1918年《芝加哥每日论坛报》的一篇文章以《你吃过人造火鸡吗》为标题，强调了当时的肉类替代选项，因为国防委员会提倡素食主义，以此作为限制肉类的一种手段。of the day是固定搭配，表示“当时的，当代的”，此处应是介词of。故填of。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，肉类替代品的广泛供应加上口味的提升，让素食变得容易多了。此处是“make+宾语+宾补”的结构，此处应用动名词短语going vegetarian，意为“成为素食者”，作宾语。故填going。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年，美国总统都会在白宫草坪上赦免一只火鸡，以此纪念这一传统。turkey与pardon是动宾关系，此处是“have sth. done”的结构，表示“使……被做”，应用过去分词pardoned。故填pardoned。 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It happened all too quickly when I leaned over to reach for the ring Miss Allan demanded. My sleeve caught on the corner of the tray of solitaires (宝石首饰). The tray teetered. I grabbed at it and six magnificent diamond rings went 1 (roll) across the floor. Down on my knees, I said through my tears, “Oh, Mr. McCallum, Miss Allan is waiting! What will I do?” “I 2 (see) to Miss Allan myself,” he said. “Just pick up those rings!” With frantic speed I collected five rings and put them in their slots. I couldn’t find the sixth and thought it 3 have slipped through the tiny opening between the showcase and the window. I ran around the counter and looked down. It wasn’t there. 4 the corner of my eye I saw a tall man edging toward the door of the shop a few yards away. In a flash I knew with absolute certainty that he had the ring; he had been standing at the only spot 5 it could have rolled. I reached him as his hand touched the door handle. “Excuse me, please.” I said. He returned, and for an endless minute neither of us spoke while I prayed for some way to save the future I had felt in my grasp. To drop a tray of rings was bad, but that would be forgiven. 6 (lose) one was unthinkable. And yet if I made a fuss — 7 I turned out to be right about this man — it could well be the end of all my hopes. “What do you want?” he said, and I saw the muscles of his cheeks twitch. Disaster could come to me from what I was sure he’d done. Yet I felt instinctively he 8 (not come) into the store intending to steal — perhaps just to get a bit of warmth in this cold Christmas season and a feeling of better times. I knew 9 it felt like to look for work and find none, and could imagine the bitterness of a man seeing others still able to buy luxuries while he and his family went short of necessities. “What do you want?” he repeated. Suddenly I had the answer. Mother had always told me poor people were basically kind. I didn’t think this man would want to hurt me. I looked out into the fog that was swirling outside. “This is my first job,” I said. “Jobs are scarce now, aren’t they?” He searched my face intently, then smiled a very gentle smile, “Yes”, he said. “Indeed they are. But I’m sure you’ll do very well in yours. May I wish you luck?” He put his hand out and grasped 10 . “Good luck to you,” I whispered as he opened the door and vanished in the fog. Then I turned and put the sixth diamond back into place. 【答案】 1．rolling 2．will see 3．must/might 4．Out of 5．to which 6．To lose 7．even if/even though 8．hadn’t come 9．what 10．mine 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者工作时不慎让钻戒滚落，丢失一枚，凭细节怀疑顾客，最终以共情化解危机，找回戒指保住工作。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我伸手去抓托盘，六枚华丽的钻戒滚落一地。这里考查go doing，为固定用法，表动作的持续或趋势，此处指戒指“滚落”的动作。故填rolling。 2．考查时态。句意：他说：“我亲自去应付艾伦小姐，你只管把戒指捡起来！” 这里考查谓语动词，I与see为主动关系，对话内描述将要发生的动作，用一般将来时。故填will see。 3．考查情态动词。句意：我找不到第六枚戒指，心想它肯定（可能）是从展柜和窗户之间的小缝隙滑出去了。分析句子结构可知，这里考查对过去的推测，must have done，表对过去事情的肯定推测，而might have done，表示对过去事情的不确定推测，均符合语境。故填must/might。 4．考查介词。句意：我用眼角余光瞥见一个高个子男人正慢慢挪向几码外的店门。这里考查“out of the corner of one’s eye”，为固定搭配，意为“用眼角余光”，符合语境，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Out of。 5．考查定语从句。句意：他刚才站的位置，正是戒指唯一可能滚到的地方。此空考查定语从句，先行词是spot，而定语从句的核心动词是roll，这是一个不及物动词，后接地点时需要搭配介词to，构成roll to + 地点（滚到某地）的结构，先行词指物时关系代词用which，因此此处用to which引导从句。故填to which。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：摔掉一托盘戒指已经够糟了，但或许还能被原谅；弄丢一枚戒指却是万万不可的。此处需要填入一个能作句子主语的结构，动词不定式to lose可以作主语，表具体的、一次性的动作，侧重“弄丢戒指”这个具体行为带来的严重后果，符合语境，且句首时首字母应大写。故填To lose。 7．考查连词。句意：可要是我大吵大闹 —— 就算我猜得没错，这个男人确实拿了戒指 —— 我所有的希望也可能就此破灭。分析句子结构可知，此处表“即使、就算”的让步含义，应用连词even if或even though，符合语境。故填even if/even though。 8．考查时态。句意：但我本能地觉得，他进店时根本没打算偷东西 —— 或许只是想在这个寒冷的圣诞季取点暖，回味一下往日的好时光。此空考查谓语动词，主语he与come为主动关系， “come into the store”这个动作发生在“intend to steal”之前，是过去的过去，应用过去完成时的否定形式。故填hadn’t come。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：我清楚求职无门的滋味，也能想象到一个男人看着别人还能买奢侈品，而自己和家人却连必需品都短缺时的酸楚。know后接宾语从句，从句中 felt like后缺宾语，应用连接代词what。故填what。 10．考查代词。句意：他伸出手，握住了我的手。分析句子结构可知，此处指代“我的手”，为了避免重复，用名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Jane Goodall, Who Chronicled (详实记载) the Social Lives of Chimps, Dies at 91 By Keith Schneider, The New York Times, Published Oct. 1,2025 Her discoveries as a primatologist in the 1960s about how chimpanzees behave in the wild were hailed as “one of the Western world’s great scientific achievements”. Jane Goodall, one of the world’s most revered conservationists, who earned scientific stature and global celebrity by chronicling the distinctive behavior of wild chimpanzees in East Africa—primates 1 made and used tools, ate meat, held rain dances and engaged in organized warfare—died on Wednesday in Los Angeles. She was 91. Her death, 2 she was on a speaking tour, was confirmed by the Jane Goodall Institute, 3 U.S. headquarters are in Washington, D．C． When not traveling widely, she lived in Bournemouth, on the south coast of England, in her childhood home. Dr. Goodall was 29 in the summer of 1963 when National Geographic magazine published her 7,500-word, 37-page account of the lives of primates she 4 (observe) in the Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve in what is now Tanzania. On the scientific merits alone, her discoveries about how wild chimpanzees raised their young, established leadership, socialized and communicated 5 (break) new ground and attracted immense attention and respect among researchers. Stephen Jay Gould, the evolutionary biologist and science historian, said her work with chimpanzees “represents one of the Western world’s great scientific achievements.” On learning of Dr. Goodall’s documented evidence 6 humans were not the only creatures capable of making and using tools, Louis Leakey, the paleoanthropologist and Dr. Goodall’s mentor, famously remarked, “Now we 7 redefine ‘tool,’ redefine ‘man,’ or accept chimpanzees as humans.” In articles and books, her lucid (易懂的) prose carried vivid descriptions, some lighthearted, of the numerous perils she encountered in the African rainforest-malaria, leopards, crocodiles, spitting cobras and deadly giant centipedes, to name a few. Her writing gained its 8 (wide) attention in three more long articles in National Geographic in the 1960s and 70s and in three well-received books, “My Friends, the Wild Chimpanzees” (1967), “In the Shadow of Man” and “Through a Window” (1990). Dr. Goodall’s willingness to challenge scientific convention and shape the details of her research 9 a riveting (吸引人的) adventure narrative about two primary subjects-the chimps and herself-turned her into a household name, in no small part thanks to the power of television. In December 1965, CBS News aired a documentary of her work in prime time, the first in a long string of nationally and internationally televised special reports about the chimpanzees of Gombe and the courageous woman steadfastly chronicling 10 she called their “rich emotional life.” 【答案】 1．that/which 2．while 3．whose 4．had observed 5．had broken 6．that 7．must 8．widest 9．into 10．what 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了灵长类动物学家和环保主义者Jane Goodall的卓越一生。 1．考查定语从句。句意：Jane Goodall世界上最受尊敬的环保主义者之一，于周三在洛杉矶去世，享年91岁。她因详实记录东非野生黑猩猩——这些灵长类动物会制造和使用工具、食肉、举行祈雨仪式并参与有组织的战争——的独特行为而赢得了科学地位和全球声誉。此处引导定语从句，先行词primates，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。 2．考查时间状语从句引导词。句意：她的去世由珍·古道尔研究所证实，当时她正在巡回演讲，该研究所的美国总部设在华盛顿特区。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“她正在进行巡回演讲”，故应用连词while“当……时候”引导，强调两个动作同时发生。故填while。 3．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导定语从句，先行词为“the Jane Goodall Institute”，在定语从句中作定语，表示“研究所的”这一所属关系，故应用关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。故填whose。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：1963年夏，古道尔博士29岁，《国家地理》杂志发表了她的7500字、37页的报告，记述了她在如今坦桑尼亚境内的贡贝河黑猩猩保护区所观察到的灵长类动物生活。此处为从句中的谓语动词，主语为she，与observe之间为主动关系，且主句谓语动词“published”为过去时可知，“观察”这一动作发生在“发表”之前，是“过去的过去”，因此需用过去完成时。故填had observed。 5．考查动词时态。句意：仅就其科学价值而言，她关于野生黑猩猩如何养育后代、建立领导地位、社交和沟通的发现，已经开辟了新天地，并在研究人员中引起了极大的关注和尊重。此处为谓语动词，主语为her discoveries，与break之间为主动关系，且此处描述她的“发现”所产生的影响，故应用完成时，且这些影响在她获得“关注和尊重”时已经完成，获得关注和尊重已经是过去时，故“break new ground”需用过去完成时“had broken”来表示其先完成性。故填had broken。 6．考查同位语从句。句意：在得知古道尔博士有证据表明人类并非唯一能够制造和使用工具的物种后，古人类学家兼古道尔博士的导师路易斯·利基著名地评论道：“现在我们必须重新定义‘工具’，重新定义‘人’，或者承认黑猩猩是人类。”此处引导同位语从句，是对 “documented evidence”内容的解释说明，故应用that引导，在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 7．考查情态动词。句意：同上。此处意为“我们必须重新定义……”，故应用情态动词“must”。故填must。 8．考查形容词最高级。句意：她的写作在20世纪60年代和70年代《国家地理》杂志的三篇长文以及三本广受好评的书籍《我的朋友，野生黑猩猩》（1967年）、《人类的阴影》和《透过窗户》（1990年）中获得了最广泛的关注。根据上下文，此处是将她在《国家地理》文章和书籍中获得的关注，与她的其他文章的受关注度进行比较，结合“in three more long articles”可知，此处应使用形容词最高级形式“widest”，表示她的写作获得了最广泛的关注。故填widest。 9．考查介词。句意：古道尔博士乐于挑战科学常规，并将研究细节塑造成一个关于两个主要对象（黑猩猩和她自己）的引人入胜的冒险叙事，这使她成为家喻户晓的人物，这在很大程度上要归功于电视的力量。此处意为“将……塑造成……的形状/形式”，表达为shape... into...，故此处应用介词into。故填into。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：1965年12月，哥伦比亚广播公司新闻在黄金时段播出了一部关于她工作的纪录片，这是此后一系列关于贡贝黑猩猩以及这位勇敢女性坚定不移地记录她称之为“丰富情感生活”的国内外电视特别报道中的第一部。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少动词called的宾语，且指代事物（黑猩猩的情感生活），因此应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Grandparents are carers out of love-and necessity I look after my grandchildren — at least a few hours for one day a week, often more. I love them deeply, and want to offer them 1 steadiness I can, while I can. But love alone isn’t what holds this together. I also care for them because their parents, like so many others, 2 (stretch) to the edge. Childcare is unaffordable. Work is nonstop. There is little left in reserve. Many grandparents step in not as a choice, but as the only available cushion in a 3 (fail) system. But that help comes at a cost. Caring for young children is tiring at any age; for older adults, after a full day or more, the next day is often a write-off too, 4 seems to be something almost no policy takes into account. This reflects the gradual withdrawal of social responsibility from care, and the expectation for families 5 (absorb) the shock. We are seeing the effects of this every day through exhaustion, silence and strain 6 (carry) behind closed doors. As a systemic psychotherapist, I try to pay attention to patterns: what holds people together, and what pulls them apart. One pattern I see is that the work of care has become more vital, yet 7 (visible). Grandparents, like many others, are holding families together 8 the scenes. But we rarely speak about it, and policy almost never accounts for it. Nowadays 9 climate disruption accelerates and social fragility deepens, care is the connective tissue that keeps communities alive. If we fail to recognise and support it, we weaken the very systems we will need to face what 10 (come). 【答案】 1．whatever 2．are stretched 3．failing 4．which 5．to absorb 6．carried 7．less visible 8．behind 9．as 10．is coming 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了祖父母照顾孙辈的无奈及护理工作的重要性。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：我深爱着他们，想尽我所能，在我还能照顾他们的时候，给予他们一切安稳的陪伴。本空引导宾语从句，作offer的宾语，完整的从句结构是：____ steadiness I can (offer)，本空意为“无论什么样的”，用whatever，作定语，修饰steadiness。故填 whatever。 2．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我也照顾他们，因为他们的父母，像许多其他人一样，已经到了崩溃的边缘。本句陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语their parents和动词stretch“（使）绷紧，拉紧，伸直”之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are stretched。 3．考查形容词。句意：很多祖父母介入帮忙，并非出于选择，而是作为这个运转失灵的体系中唯一可用的缓冲。本空修饰名词system，作定语，表示“失灵的，出问题的”，用形容词failing。故填failing。 4．考查定语从句。句意：照顾年幼的孩子在任何年龄都是很累人的；对于老年人来说，在忙碌了一整天或更长时间后，第二天通常也会被荒废掉，这似乎是几乎没有政策考虑到的。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这反映出社会责任正逐渐从照护领域退出，转而期望家庭来承受这种冲击。absorb“吸收，承受，承担”。本空作后置定语，修饰抽象名词expectation，用不定式to absorb。故填to absorb。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们每天都能看到这种影响，通过疲惫、沉默和在紧闭的门后承受的压力。本句谓语为are seeing，此处为非谓语动词，且strain与carry“承受，承受住”之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填carried。 7．考查形容词比较级句意：我观察到的一种趋势是，照护工作变得愈发重要，但却愈发不被人看见。根据语境中的yet“然而”可知，此处与前面的more vital形成对比，用形容词比较级less visible，意为“更不显眼的”，作表语。故填less visible。 8．考查介词。句意：祖父母和其他许多人一样，在幕后维系着家庭。表示“在……的后面”，用介词behind，behind the scenes“在幕后”。故填behind。 9．考查状语从句。句意：如今，随着气候混乱加剧和社会脆弱性加深，照护是维持社区活力的结缔组织。本空引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”，应用as。故填as。 10．考查动词的时态。句意：如果我们未能重视并支持照护工作，我们就会削弱那些未来即将面临挑战时所必需的体系。本空表示将来发生的动作，用现在进行时表将来，谓语用is coming。故填is coming。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. From emotional breakdowns to quiet companionship, more people today are turning to AI for support. As tools like ChatGPT become part of everyday life, from dating apps to therapy bots, some 1 (believe) we’re not just using machines to save time, but also asking them to handle emotions. Many users, especially those feeling isolated or anxious, find comfort in AI’s calm and steady tone. “It reflects 2 I say,” one user shared, “and sometimes, that’s all I need.” For people under stress, having 3 that listens without judging can make a big difference. AI, always available and never upset, may seem more supportive than a human friend during hard times. Still, others remain unconvinced. Sounding kind and understanding, AI may create a sense of care, but lacking real emotion, it cannot truly connect. 4 the ability to feel or to process pain in a human way, it functions by predicting likely responses based on patterns in data. 5 (see) through this lens, the support it offers can be considered less meaningful, especially when compared to real human empathy. Some people argue that such help is not as meaningful as it appears, especially if users begin to trust it more than they 6 . In some cases, people even felt betrayed — as if the machine 7 (lie) to them, by sounding caring while actually knowing nothing about what they were going through. Experts remind us that AI, like any tool, depends on how it’s used. A knife can be used 8 (prepare) food, or to hurt. In the same way, AI can support or harm. Using it responsibly is key. There are deeper questions, too. 9 advanced, AI will remain less human than it sounds. It cannot fully copy our tone, timing, or emotions. And if AI ever becomes conscious, we may face complex debates about ethics and rights. In the end, AI is not a friend, but a mirror — one that reflects us, but doesn’t truly know us. Still, for some, that quiet reflection may be enough to feel just a little 10 (alone). 【答案】 1．believe/are believing 2．what 3．something/somebody/someone 4．Without 5．Seen 6．should 7．had lied 8．to prepare 9．No matter how 10．less alone 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今越来越多人借助人工智能寻求情感支持的现象，探讨了人工智能提供支持的优势与局限性，同时指出人工智能的作用取决于使用方式，并提及相关的伦理与权利争议。 1．考查动词时态。句意：随着ChatGPT等工具融入日常生活，从约会软件到治疗机器人，一些人认为我们不仅使用机器来节省时间，还要求它们处理情绪。此处为谓语动词，陈述客观事实，可用一般现在时，主语some（一些人）为复数，谓语动词用原形believe；也可表示当前阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时are believing。故填believe/are believing。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：“这反映出了我所说的话，”一位用户分享道，“有时候，这就是我所需要的一切。”此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“我说的话”，故用连接代词what。故填what。 3．考查不定代词。句意：对于压力大的人来说，有一个能倾听而不评判的事物或人会有很大不同。此处泛指“某个能倾听而不评判的事物或人”，可用something（某物）、somebody（某人）或someone（某人），均符合语境。故填something/somebody/someone。 4．考查介词。句意：由于缺乏以人类方式感受或处理痛苦的能力，它通过基于数据模式预测可能的反应来运作。根据后文“it functions by predicting likely responses based on patterns in data”可知，此处表示“缺乏……能力”，用介词without，意为“没有，缺乏”，句首首字母大写。故填Without。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：从这个角度来看，它提供的支持可以被认为不那么有意义，尤其是与真实的人类同理心相比时。句中已有谓语动词can be considered，此处需用非谓语动词，主语the support与see之间为被动关系，故用过去分词seen，作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Seen。 6．考查情态动词。句意：一些人认为这样的帮助并不像看起来那么有意义，尤其是如果用户开始比他们应该的那样更信任它的话。此处表示“应该”，用情态动词should，完整表达为than they should trust it，此处省略了trust it，符合语境。故填should。 7．考查虚拟语气。句意：在某些情况下，人们甚至感到被背叛——就好像机器在欺骗他们，听起来很关心人，实际上却对他们正在经历的事情一无所知。此处为as if引导的表语从句，从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”形式。故填had lied。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：刀可以用来准备食物，也可以用来伤人。be used to do sth为固定搭配，意为“被用来做某事”。故填to prepare。 9．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论人工智能多么先进，它都将比听起来更缺乏人性。此处引导让步状语从句，修饰形容词advanced，用“no matter how + 形容词”结构，意为“无论多么……”，句首首字母大写。故填No matter how。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：尽管如此，对一些人来说，这种安静的回应可能足以让他们感觉不那么孤单。根据前文“that quiet reflection may be enough”可知，此处表示“不那么孤单”，用alone的比较级less alone。故填less alone。 Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Predicting Powerful Waves The earthquake in Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on July 30 may have been one of 1 (strong) ever recorded, with a magnitude of 8.8. But thanks to advances in science and technology, governments had enough time to warn and evacuate people 2 the tsunami arrived. To understand how coastal communities are protected, you first need to know how tsunamis are formed. They are caused when the sea floor moves after an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption. This movement releases energy, which pushes a wave through the deep sea. Different from normal ocean waves caused by wind and storms, tsunami waves move through the whole depth of the water, not just the surface. The first early warning system for the Pacific Ocean 3 (set) up in 1948. Since then, warning accuracy and speed have improved greatly. One key step was in 1963, 4 a worldwide network of seismometers（测震仪）was built. This made it easier to find the location and strength of an earthquake. In 1978, this system was upgraded to a digital broadband global network of seismometers, which could give more detailed information more quickly. Scientists could now estimate the earthquake's size, where the ground split, and 5 it moved in three dimensions. Today, 46 countries share data through the Pacific Ocean warning system. 6 uses both physical and statistical models to predict tsunami height. Satellites can now measure wave height directly from space 7 (use) radar. Forecast methods have also improved. Scientists have even started using AI programs to make predictions faster and more accurate. The US Geological Survey pioneered the rapid sharing of earthquake data with the public. Initial estimates can now be given 8 minutes after an earthquake, and these are updated over the next few hours as more data are collected. However, tsunami height predictions are never precise — the height can be higher or lower than 9 (expect) in different places. Early warning systems also depend on fast communication with the public. This includes mobile phone alerts, coordination between countries, clear safety advice, evacuation plans and regular tests of the alarm system. As a tsunami gets near the shore, it slows down to about the speed of a car, but it is still impossible to outrun it. Therefore, the best choice is 10 (act) quickly and calmly at the very moment. 【答案】 1．the strongest 2．before 3．was set 4．when 5．how 6．It 7．using 8．within 9．expected 10．to act 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海啸预警系统的发展以及如何预测海啸高度等相关内容。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：7月30日发生在俄罗斯堪察加半岛的地震可能是有记录以来最强烈的地震之一，震级为8.8级。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，所以此处应填strong的最高级strongest。故填the strongest。 2．考查时间状语从句。句意：但由于科学技术的进步，政府有足够的时间在海啸到来之前警告并疏散人员。根据语境可知，此处表示“在海啸到来之前”，应用连词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 3．考查动词语态。句意：太平洋的第一个预警系统于1948年建立。此处是句子谓语，根据时间状语in 1948可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语system与动词set up之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was set。 4．考查定语从句。句意：关键的一步是在1963年，当时建立了一个全球地震测震仪网络。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1963，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以使用关系副词when引导该定语从句。故填when。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们现在可以估计地震的规模、地面裂开的位置以及它在三维空间中的移动情况。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，所以使用连接副词how引导该宾语从句。故填how。 6．考查代词。句意：它使用物理和统计模型来预测海啸高度。根据语境可知，此处指代上文提到的“the Pacific Ocean warning system”，应用代词it作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。故填It。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：卫星现在可以利用雷达直接从太空测量海浪高度。此处作状语，主句的主语satellites与动词use之间存在主动关系，应使用现在分词，作方式状语。故填using。 8．考查介词。句意：初步估计现在可以在地震发生后几分钟内给出，随着收集到更多数据，这些估计会在接下来的几个小时里不断更新。此处表示“在……时间内”，应使用介词within，所以此处应填介词within。故填within。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，海啸高度的预测从来都不精确——不同地方的海啸高度可能比预期的高或低。此处为省略结构，完整形式为than it is expected，height与expect之间是被动关系，需用过去分词expected，表“被预期的”。故填expected。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，最好的选择是在那一刻迅速而冷静地采取行动。此处需用动词不定式作表语，说明the best choice的具体内容。故填to act。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Empires in Conversation Despite the thousands of miles separating them and the big differences in their peoples,two rulers in 17th-century Europe and China were nevertheless the driving force behind a grand cultural exchange. The two men were the Kangxi Emperor of China’s Qing Dynasty and King Louis XIV of France. A symbolic image from the period captured the exchange: European ambassadors (使臣), 1 (dress) in the robes of Qing officials, stood beside an armillary sphere in the court of the Kangxi Emperor. The astronomy, mathematics, physics, and chemistry they brought 2 (fascinate) the young emperor, who was particularly interested in the heavenly bodies. Through their instruction, Kangxi gained a rich knowledge. On one visit to southern China, he used a spirit level (水平仪) to measure the water, and found a mistake in 3 his ministers were controlling the water in the Hongze lake. It is natural for many of us 4 (marvel) at the Chinese emperor’s good knowledge of Western technologies. But Kangxi’s interests extended 5 the hard sciences: He tried to organize information about these foreign lands and spread 6 among the public. He asked his third prince, Yinzhi, to establish a museum of mathematics 7 talented scholars would engage in research and observation of mathematical laws and the universe. In court speeches, Kangxi would hold forth on the natural sciences from Europe, 8 (lecture) young princes about astronomy, calendar systems and arithmetic. Outstanding students 9 (send) to the institution of astronomy or other key departments. 10 the visitors from the West came to the East mainly to spread their culture, upon arriving in that ancient kingdom, they discovered its people already possessed their own well-established understanding of the world. There was the Golden Mean of Confucius, and the unknowable Tao of Lao Tzu. And these left a deep impression on the traveling Europeans. 【答案】 1．dressed 2．fascinated 3．how 4．to marvel 5．beyond 6．it 7．where 8．lecturing 9．were sent 10．Although/Though/While 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍17世纪康熙皇帝与路易十四推动的中欧文化交流及双方科技文化的相互影响。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一时期的一幅标志性画作记录了这场交流：身着清朝官员服饰的欧洲使臣，站在康熙皇帝朝堂上的一件浑天仪旁。此处为非谓语动词作定语，European ambassadors与dress为被动关系，用过去分词dressed。故填dressed。 2．考查动词时态。句意：他们带来的天文学、数学、物理和化学知识令这位年轻的皇帝着迷，他对天体尤其感兴趣。此处为谓语动词，描述17世纪发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为fascinated。故填fascinated。 3．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：在一次南巡时，他用水平仪测量水位，发现大臣们治理洪泽湖的方法存在一处错误。此处引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，表“如何、怎样”，用连接副词how。故填how。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很多人自然会惊叹于这位中国皇帝对西方技术的渊博学识。此处为固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以此处用to marvel作主语。故填to marvel。 5．考查介词。句意：但康熙的兴趣不止于自然科学：他还试图整理这些域外之地的相关信息，并向公众传播。空后为名词，且无提示词，所以此处使用介词，结合句意，此处表示“超出、不止于”，用介词beyond。故填beyond。 6．考查代词。句意：但康熙的兴趣不止于自然科学：他还试图整理这些域外之地的相关信息，并向公众传播。此处指代前面的information，为不可数名词，用代词it。故填it。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他命三子胤祉建立一座算学馆，让才华出众的学者们可以在馆内研究和观测数学规律与宇宙。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为a museum of mathematics，表地点，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在朝堂讲学中，康熙会讲解来自欧洲的自然科学知识，向皇子们讲授天文、历法和算术。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Kangxi与lecture为主动关系，用现在分词lecturing。故填lecturing。 9．考查动词时态和语态。句意：优秀的学子被送往钦天监或其他核心部门任职。此处为谓语动词，描述过去的情况，students与send为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为were sent。故填were sent。 10．考查连词。句意：尽管西方来客远赴东方主要是为了传播自身文化，但当他们抵达这个古老王国后，却发现这里的人们早已拥有自成体系的世界观。此处引导让步状语从句，表“尽管、虽然”，用连词Although/Though/While。故填Although/Though/While。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Down in the Waste-yard What happens to that single-use plastic bottle after you place it in a recycling bin? Most people assume it really 1 (recycle), probably at a facility not far away. Much more likely is 2 the bin is only the departure point on a long journey to the other side of the world, 3 that bottle will be washed, dried, sorted by material, and turned into packaging material. Consider that a victory. If it is packaging itself that has been thrown, it will probably end up as a dirty form of fuel, 4 (power) the production of concrete or even tofu. Or it 5 go all the way just to sit in Asia or Africa, spoiling the landscape, blocking rivers, entering the ocean, being swallowed by marine life and perhaps finding its way back into your home and even into your body. It is recycling, but not 6 people traditionally think of it. The broad facts of the fiction of recycling are no secret. But Alexander Clapp, a journalist, does something eye-catching in his book. He follows rubbish, travelling to some of the world’s most unpleasant places to record the effects of consumption: villages in Indonesia 7 (bury) under mountains of Western plastic, a ship-breaking yard in Turkey where men tear apart the harmful shells of American passenger ships, a slum (贫民窟) in Ghana where migrants obtain valuable metals 8 the rich world’s abandoned computers and mobile phones. Waste Wars also contains jaw-dropping but forgotten stories, such as 9 of the Khian Sea, a ship carrying a season’s worth of ash from garbage incinerators (焚化炉) in Philadelphia, which set sail for the Bahamas in 1986. The ship and its poisonous goods 10 (deny) entry, forcing the crew to look for alternative rubbish dumps. After 27 months of being turned away from every possible port, it arrived in Asia with an empty hold. The captain admitted years later to dumping the ash in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. 【答案】 1．is recycled/will be recycled 2．that 3．where 4．powering 5．may/might 6．what 7．buried 8．from 9．that 10．were denied 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一次性塑料瓶等垃圾回收后的实际去向，包括加工再利用、作为燃料以及在亚非地区造成污染等情况，并提及相关书籍记录的消费产生的垃圾影响。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：大多数人认为它真的会被回收利用，可能就在不太远的一个设施里。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主语it指代前文的single-use plastic bottle，与recycle之间是被动关系，句子可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，也可结合assume和语境，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填is recycled；will be recycled。 2．考查表语从句。句意：更有可能的是，这个垃圾桶只是通往世界另一端漫长旅程的起点，在那里，瓶子将被清洗、干燥、按材料分类，然后变成包装材料。此处引导表语从句，从句结构完整、语义明确，应用that引导，that在表语从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 3．考查定语从句引导词。句意：更有可能的是，这个垃圾桶只是通往世界另一端漫长旅程的起点，在那里，瓶子将被清洗、干燥、按材料分类，然后变成包装材料。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the other side of the world，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果被丢弃的本身就是包装，它很可能最终会成为一种肮脏的燃料，为混凝土甚至豆腐的生产提供动力。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词will end up，此处应用非谓语动词，power与逻辑主语a dirty form of fuel 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填powering。 5．考查情态动词。句意：或者它可能一路到达亚洲或非洲，破坏景观、堵塞河流、进入海洋、被海洋生物吞食，甚至可能回到你的家中，甚至进入你的身体。根据前文的Much more likely和If it is packaging itself that has been thrown, it will probably可知，此处表示可能性，应用情态动词may或might，后接动词原形。故填may/might。 6．考查表语从句。句意：这是回收利用，但不是人们传统上认为的那种。空处引导表语从句，完整形式为but it is not people traditionally think of it，空处在表语从句内部的作用是宾语（作think of的逻辑宾语，指代“人们认为回收该有的样子”），应用连接代词what。故填what。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他追踪垃圾，前往世界上一些最令人不适的地方记录消费的影响：印度尼西亚的村庄被西方塑料山掩埋，土耳其的一个拆船场，那里的人们拆解美国客轮的有害外壳，加纳的一个贫民窟，移民们从富裕世界废弃的电脑和手机中获取有价值的金属。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词follows，此处应用非谓语动词，villages与bury之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填buried。 8．考查介词。句意：他追踪垃圾，前往世界上一些最令人不适的地方记录消费的影响：印度尼西亚的村庄被西方塑料山掩埋，土耳其的一个拆船场，那里的人们拆解美国客轮的有害外壳，加纳的一个贫民窟，移民们从富裕世界废弃的电脑和手机中获取有价值的金属。根据句意可知，此处表示“从……中获取”，应用介词 from。故填from。 9．考查代词。句意：《垃圾战争》还包含了令人震惊但被遗忘的故事，比如吉安海号的故事，这艘船载着费城垃圾焚化炉一个季节产生的灰烬，于1986年启航前往巴哈马群岛。此处指代前文的story，且特指“吉安海号的故事”，为避免重复，应用that指代。故填that。 10．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这艘船及其有毒货物被拒绝入境，迫使船员寻找其他垃圾场。此处主语The ship and its poisonous goods与deny之间是被动关系，根据后文的arrived可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。故填were denied。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. Would You Pay $1,000 for a Family Photo? Kirsten Bethmann started photographing families in 2005. She was living in North Carolina, and found the era’s typical style to be pretty inspired, with families 1 (stand) awkwardly amid low, windswept sand hills. So, when she entered the field, she drew inspiration 2 her background in photojournalism and tried something more natural. She instructed families to play on the beach for most of their hour-long session, and then spend 10 minutes taking traditional, 3 (pose) photos. She even drafted contracts requiring clients to promise that they 4 (not style) in matching outfits. The first year, she had a dozen customers. Twenty years later, her services have become among 5 (popular) in the field, which is why some people fly her out of the state, even out of the country, and spend $7,000 for a day-long shoot. 6 we are living in an age when almost anyone can produce high-quality images with merely a smartphone, people like Bethmann find it easier than ever to secure work. The number of working professional photographers 7 (rise) by roughly 15 percent over the past decade and is expected to keep increasing. Family photography is one of the field’s most popular specialties. Rates as steep as Bethmann’s are uncommon. Still, nearly 40 percent of customers dish out more than $1,000 for a shoot. Putting so much money toward professional photos might feel like a luxury. But family pictures have long been highly treasured objects, 8 value lies less in their material form than in the memories they preserve. The deep-seated urge 9 (hold) on to a memory is almost instinctive, as seen in our ancestors’ cave drawings or storytelling around a fire. Today, that age-old instinct of preservation is facing new pressures from social media for people to measure up to 10 they are exposed to online, fueling demand and transforming how and why families capture their memories: what the photos look like, what they cost, and, crucially, who they are for. 【答案】 1．standing 2．from 3．posed 4．wouldn’t be styled 5．the most popular 6．Though/Although/While 7．has risen 8．whose 9．to hold 10．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了家庭摄影师Kirsten Bethmann的摄影风格、职业发展，以及当下家庭摄影行业的现状与价值。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：她发现当时的典型风格相当富有创意，家庭在被风吹过的低矮沙丘中尴尬地站着。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，families与stand是主谓关系，应用现在分词standing，作宾补。故填standing。 2．考查介词。句意：所以，当她进入这个领域时，她从自己的新闻摄影背景中汲取灵感，把风格变得更自然。根据“drew inspiration __2__ her background”可知，此处是固定搭配draw inspiration from...，意为“从……中汲取灵感”，应用介词from。故填from。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：她指导家庭在海滩上玩耍大部分时长，然后花10分钟拍摄传统摆拍的照片。此处修饰photos，pose与photos是动宾关系，应用过去分词posed，作定语，意为“摆拍的”。故填posed。 4．考查动词时态语态。句意：她甚至起草合同，要求客户承诺他们不会穿统一的装束。根据promise that可知，从句动作发生在起草合同之后，属于过去将来的动作，且they (指代客户)与style是动宾关系，应用过去将来时的被动语态wouldn’t be styled。故填wouldn’t be styled。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：20年后，她的服务已成为该领域最受欢迎的服务之一。根据“some people fly her out of the state, even out of the country, and spend $7,000 for a day-long shoot”及“among”可知，此处是“among+the+形容词最高级”表示“在最……的……之一”，形容词popular的最高级是the most popular。故填the most popular。 6．考查连词。句意：尽管我们生活在一个几乎任何人都能用智能手机拍出高质量照片的时代，但像Bethmann这样的人发现找工作比以往更容易。前后句是让步关系，应用连词Although/Though/While，表示“虽然，尽管”，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。 7．考查动词时态。句意：在过去十年里，职业摄影师的数量增加了约15%，预计还会继续增长。根据over the past decade可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语The number是单数，be动词用has。故填has risen。 8．考查关系代词。句意：但家庭照片一直是非常珍贵的物品，其价值不在于物质形式，而在于它们保存的记忆。先行词objects和value是所属关系，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种根深蒂固的保留记忆的冲动几乎是一种本能。此处是固定搭配the urge to do sth.，意为“做某事的渴望”，应用动词不定式to hold作后置定语，修饰名词urge。故填to hold。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：如今，社交媒体带来的新压力要求人们达到他们在网上看到的标准，这刺激了需求，并改变了家庭记录记忆的方式和原因。此处引导宾语从句，从句中they are exposed to缺少宾语，指物，应用what。故填what。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Journey Back to Each Other Inspired by my daughter’s tales of backpacking adventures and my desire to hang out with my youngest son outside the house, I booked two tickets to Shanghai for the September school holidays, surprising us both. We, 1 (arm) with a budget, some travel insurance, and a rough plan built around some last-minute internet searches, headed to the airport. We arrived in Shanghai sleepy and excited at 5: 30 a.m. Despite the early start, the air was already hot and soupy, 2 my son used as an excuse to head straight for a convenience store and buy one of the many drinks he’d remembered from all those years before. There is something very freeing about arriving in a place where you have no plans. And we 3 (not do). I discovered that he could find his way 4 remembering landmarks. Within a day he’d become the navigator, and I was the lost one, following behind. As tourists, we 5 (expose) to everything together, giving us back a connection we don’t always have in our daily lives. He is naturally curious, which 6 (make) for a good traveller, and instead of hesitating over the things he suggested, I just went with it. He was the one who said we should hire bikes. He was the one who showed me how to speed up and led me through the streets downtown, laughing 7 I screamed in delight. He dragged me shopping for jeans in stores and made me catch buses 8 (take) us in the wrong direction entirely. He was just as likely as I was 9 (know) what train to catch, or find the right street to turn down, or stand in awe at the foot of a giant temple, or queue for hours for a steaming bowl of Xiaolongbao. I saw him differently in Shanghai. Travelling meant we were more like equals — partners in adventure. And instead of missing the child version of 10 , I saw the adult he was becoming. 【答案】 1．armed 2．which 3．didn’t 4．by 5．were exposed 6．makes 7．as/when 8．taking 9．to know 10．him 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和小儿子在上海的旅行经历，旅途中两人的相处模式发生改变，作者看到了儿子逐渐成长为成年人的模样，也重新找回了母子间在日常生活中缺失的联结。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们带着预算、一些旅行保险，还有一份靠最后时刻上网搜索制定的粗略计划，前往机场。此句中已有谓语动词headed，此处需填非谓语形式，arm与主语We之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式armed，表示“装备着、带着”。故填armed。 2．考查定语从句。句意：尽管出发得很早，空气已经又热又闷，我儿子以此为借口径直走向一家便利店，买了他多年前记得的众多饮品中的一款。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文“the air was already hot and soupy”，且关系词在从句中作used的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 3．考查谓语动词。句意：到达一个没有任何计划的地方，有种无比自由的感觉。而我们确实也没有什么计划。空处描述过去的状态，应用一般过去时，否定形式为didn’t 。故填didn’t。 4．考查介词。句意：我发现他能通过记住地标来认路。空处表示“通过某种方式”，应用介词by，在句中作方式状语。故填by。 5．考查谓语动词。句意：作为游客，我们一起接触到了所有事物，这让我们重新找回了在日常生活中并不总能拥有的联结。空处为句子的谓语成分，expose与主语we之间是被动关系，且描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态were exposed。故填were exposed。 6．考查谓语动词。句意：他天生好奇心强，这使他成为一名不错的旅行者，对于他提出的建议，我没有犹豫，而是欣然接受。空处为定语从句的谓语成分，先行词为前面整个句子，视为单数，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，make用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。 7．考查连词。句意：是他教我如何加速，领着我穿过市中心的街道，我开心地尖叫时，他在一旁大笑。空处引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生，应用连词as或when，译为“当……时”。故填as/when。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他拉着我去商店买牛仔裤，还让我坐上了那些把我们完全带向错误方向的公交车。此句中已有谓语动词dragged，此处需填非谓语形式，设空处作后置定语，take与buses之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式taking，译为“带领、运送”。故填taking。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他和我一样，可能知道该坐哪趟火车，该拐进哪条正确的街道，会在宏伟的寺庙脚下惊叹，也会排几个小时的队买一碗热气腾腾的小笼包。此处为固定结构“be likely to do sth.”，译为“很可能做某事”，应用动词不定式to know。故填to know。 10．考查代词。句意：我不再想念他儿时的样子，而是看到了他正在成长为的那个成年人。空处指代前文的“he”，且作介词of的宾语，应用宾格形式him。故填him。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $