Unit2寒假预习讲义（1）2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

2025--2026学年七年级寒假英语第三课 7B Unit2 Neighbourhood（上） 姓名 模块一：知新 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单词 音标 中文 备注 * neighbourhood /'neIbəhʊd/ n. (AmE neighborhood)街区;邻近的地方 officer /'ɒfɪsə(r)/ n.高级职员,官员 police officer n.警察,警员 station /'steɪʃn/ n.站,所,局 police station n.警察局,派出所 restaurant /'restrɒnt/ n.餐厅,餐馆 neighbour /'neɪbə(r)/ n.(AmE neighbor) 邻居 above /ə'bʌv/ prep.在(或向)…上面 adv.在(向)上面 lawyer /'lɔɪə(r)/ n.律师 law /lɔ:/ n.法律,法规;规则 community /kə'mjuːnəti/ n.社区 from time to time 偶尔,不时 volunteer /ˌvɒlən'tɪə(r)/ n.志愿者 vi.& vt.自愿做,义务做,无偿做 laptop /'læptɒp/ n.笔记本电脑 engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n.工程师 check /tʃek/ vt.& n.检查,核查 broken /'brəʊkən/ adj.出了毛病的,破损的 someone /'sʌmwʌn/ pron.(= somebody)某人 repair /rɪ'peə(r)/ vt.& n.修理 anyone /'eniwʌn/ pron.(= anybody) 任何人 college /'kɒlɪdʒ/ n.学院;〈美〉大学 * willing /'wɪlɪŋ/ adj.愿意,乐意 be willing to do sth 乐意做某事 tidy /'taɪdi/ vt. & vi. 使整洁,整理 such /sʌtʃ/ det.& pron.如此;这样的 any time /'eni taɪm/ adv.在任何时候 模块二：知识点睛 1 close neighbours are better than distant relatives. 【精讲】neighbour/neighbourhood neighbour：指附近的人或物，侧重指人。 neighbourhood：“临近街区，居民区”，侧重指地方 2 learn how to care for our community. 【精讲】care 动词：关心，关注，在意；还可作名词，译为“小心，照料”形容词形式有两个： __________ (小心的，仔细的)，__________“粗心的”； 其对应的副词形式为：_________ “小心地，仔细地”，__________“粗心地”。 【搭配】care 常见的短语：__________照顾；___________注意，当心；__________关心,关怀； 3 what’s your neighbourhood like? 【精讲】What be sb/sth. like? like v ________ 反义词_________ prep_________ 反义词_________ 问长相 (长相三问) 问性格、品质 问评价、看法 问天气/事物 4 My neighbours are very kind.they’re always ready to help others. 【精讲】ready /ˈredi/ adj. (1) 准备好的 ①_______________________. 准备好做某事②_______________________ 准备某事 (2) 乐意的 _______________________ =_______________________ 乐意做某事 ( ) 1. Jenny is . She is ready others at all times. A. helpful; to help B. help; to help C. helpful; helping D. help; helping 5 How do they help? _______________________. “在某事上帮助某人” _______________________. “帮助某人做某事” help sb. out “帮助某人解决难题” help oneself to... “随便吃……” 6 Mr Zhang lives above us. 【精讲】above prep. 在…之上 反：______________ （1） 斜上方 The moon is now above the tree. （2） 温度 / 海拔 / 楼高 His body temperature goes above the normal. over 在…之上 反：_____________ （1） 正上方 There is a light over his head. （2） 年龄 / 时间 /数量 There are over 100 students in class. （3） 越过 The plane flew over Sydney. （4） 【练习】( ) 1. I live on the top floor of the building, and Andy lives two floors me. A. over B. behind C. below D. above 7 He helps us learn about laws at the community centre from time to time. _______________________ 有时、不时地、偶尔at times ___________，at a time __________on time _________ ，in time _________，at the right time ______ at the same time _______， at all times ___________ ( ) 1. Jim says life without old friends is____________ , so he visits his friends . A．a bit of boring; from time to time B．a bit boring; at the same time C．a bit bored; at the same time D．a bit boring; from time to time ( ) 2. Though he feels happy in this new flat, he still misses his old friends . A．at a time B．all the time C．at all times D．from time to time 8 They help us with all kinds of problems. 【精讲 1】kind n. 种类 ___________ 各种各样的 ____________不同种类的 adj. 善良的 __________.= ________________. = be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 【精讲 2】problem /ˈprɒbləm/ (cn.) 问题 ① 解决问题 work out problems ②★在某方面有问题 have problems with sth. ③★在做某事上有困难 have problems (in) doing sth. 【区分】problem 问题, 难题 (比较棘手, 难以解决) → work out the problem question问题 (对话中提问或回答的问题) → ask and answer the question ( ) 1.—What are you good at, Jeremy? — . I want to take part in the basketball game this year. A.Playing all kinds of balls; That's because B.Play all kinds of balls; That's why C.Playing all kinds of balls; That's why D.Play all kinds of balls; That's because ( )2.The kind volunteer helps us with all kinds of . A.problems B.skills C.questions D.troubles 9 Are you going to ask for help this weekend? 【精讲 1】①Where are you going ? 中 be going 进行时表将来。go to +地点，表示去某地。此句中 where 为疑问副词，to 省略。 【拓展】表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, come, go, arrive, reach 等），可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。 __________________王叔叔就要来了。 ②be going to+动词原形表示打算、准备做的事或根据客观情况，主观判断即将发生或肯定要发生的事。 【练习】 ( ) —What’s your plan for next term, Joe?—I another foreign language. A．learn B．learns C．learned D．am going to learn 【精讲 2】ask sb.(not）to do sth. 让某人（不）做某事。 _______________ 求助 ( ) —He didn’t go home and worked in the factory for several days. —We can’t burn the candle at both ends. You must remember to ask him a rest. A．stop to take B．stop taking C．to stop to take D．to stop taking 10 There’s something wrong with my laptop. My sister Annie’s bicycle is broken. 【精讲 1】某物坏了/失灵了： There is something wrong with sth. = Something is wrong with... = sth. is broken= sth. doesn’t work well 1. There must be something wrong with my computer. (同义句转换) my computer. ( ) 2. Learning is a lifelong journey because it brings every day. A. new something B. something new C. anything new D. new anything ( ) 3. —Is there in the gift shop? —No. I’m not interested at all. A. interesting anything B. interesting something C . anything interesting D. something interesting 【精讲 2】broken adj.破碎的 可作表语和定语如：broken window My pen is broken. break v.破裂 n.短暂休息 【精讲 3】复合不定代词 构成 body 人 one 人 thing 事/物 some 某 somebody someone something any 任何 anybody anyone anything no 没有 nobody no one nothing every 每 everybody everyone everything 考点① 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数考点② 复合不定代词的定语要后置 复合不定代词+形容词 → “不行”组合如: something important; anything else; 复合不定代词+动词不定式(to do) 如: _______________吃/喝的东西 考点③ some-类用于肯定句，征求意见的疑问句 any-类用于否定句，疑问句 11 She’s going to have someone repair it. 【精讲】辨析三个修理 repair 范围比较广泛，通常有一定技术难度 repair a car 修车 mend “修补”破损的东西 mend shoes 修鞋 fix 侧重安装，调整（可以与 repair 互换）fix the watch 修理手表 fix up 修理（强调结果） Some college students are willing to help. _____________________________ 乐意做某事 【练习】1. Are you (will) to help me with my maths? 12 You’re lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood . 【精讲】lucky adj.幸运的 _________________ 很幸运做某事 (反义词) ___________ 不幸的 (adv.) __________ 幸运地，反义词 _________ 不幸地 (un.) 运气，幸运 _______________ 好运！ 13 Do you have any free time? (1) free adj. 免费的. 可做定语和表语，常见搭配 for free e.g. We can visit some museums __________ (2) [补充]free adj. 空闲的; 自由的 14 Join us and we can plan these activities together! 【辨析】：join, join in 与 take part in，attend 四者都有“参加”的意思,但用法不同: join 指加入某个党派或团体组织等，成为其成员之一,常表示“参军、入团、入党” join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语 take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用 attend 多指出席会议、参加婚礼或集会、上学等 ( ) 1．—Sally, I will the basketball match with Lucy and Lily! —Wow! It sounds so interesting. Can I you? A．join, take part in B．take part in, join, C．join, join in D．attend, take part in ( ) 2．Next week, we will the basketball game. Will you us? A．join; join B．join; take part in C．take part in; take part in D．take part in; join 15 We need volunteers like these. need实义动词：_______________ 需要做某事_______________ 不需要做某事 情态动词：_______________ must 提问，否定用：needn't 或者 don't have to in need：在危难中，在危急中 如：A friend in need is a friend indeed. ( )1.—Must I return the book tomorrow morning? —No, you .You keep it for three days. A. mustn’t; may B. mustn’t; must C. needn’t; can D. needn’t; must ( ) 2. I want to go to see a doctor but you with me. A. needn’t go B. don’t need to go C. don’t have to go D. all of the above 16 what do you think makes a neighbourhood a good place to live in? make 是使役动词，其后可接动词原形、形容词或名词作宾语补足语。Make 具体用法如下： make+sb./sth.+adj. “_______________...” I’ll make it easier.我将使他变得更容易些。 “make+sb./sth.+n.” “_______________ “make sb. do sth.” “_______________ 模块三： 课文欣赏 模块四：家庭作业 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1. You’ll find a nicer world if you’re kind and ______ (help) to the people around. 2. Simon usually ______ (work) as a volunteer in an old people’s home at weekends. 3. There ______ (be) an English summer camp next week. 4. Miss Green often asks Linda ______ (clean) the blackboard. 5. (2024·江苏无锡江阴) —Who is singing an English song in the next room?It ______ (sound) wonderful. 二、选词填空 be willing to college such as ask for help something wrong broken make any time all kinds of clean up 1. His dream is to become a _________________ student when he grows up. 2. You should ______________________ your bed after getting up. 3. We should look after little animals _________________ cats and dogs. 4. Sorry, my bike is _________________ you can borrow Jack’s. 5. Sandy is a kind girl. She is ready to help others _________________. 6. In Shanghai, you can see _________________ museums. You can choose the one you like. 7. I ____________________________ make a deal with you. 8. There is ____________________________ with my watch. I will have it repaired. 9. Would you like to ____________________________ our classroom this afternoon? 10. It’s important for everyone to know how to ____________________________ politely. 三、单选 ( ) 1. Miss Wang often asks us to ______ the answers carefully after we finish our homework. A.check B. design C. follow D. share ( ) 2. You can ask anyone for help. Everyone here ______ lend you a hand. A.would like B. look like C. is willing to D. is ready for ( ) 3. — What’s the young man doing over there?—He’s______ the radio for Mr Lee. A.listening B. reading C. repairing D. helping ( ) 4. — ______?—Yes.My watch doesn’t work. A.What will you do B. Do you need any help C.Are you feeling well D. What help do you need ( ) 5. —In the community centre, some people help us fix fridges.—______. A. You’re welcome B. That’s all right C. That’s really nice D. That’s right 四、首字母填空 In China, we often say that a good neighbour is better than a brother in the next village. It’s very important for us to have a good n 1 . First, a good neighbour is a good friend. When your family m. ___2___ to a new house, your neighbours can h 3 __ you carry some furniture like tables and sofas and tell you something about your n 4 . Maybe they will also invite all the m 5 . of your family to their house to have a hot d 6 . It is comfortable to stay there to h 7 a rest. S 8 ，a good neighbour is also a good relative. When you travel, your neighbours will take care of your house. And you can also h 9 . them when they have the same situation. Third, we can g 10 a very important lesson from our neighbours. If we want good neighbours, we should be a good neighbour ourselves first. 五、完形填空 Betty is not beautiful. She is too tall and thin. The kids in our class often laugh at (嘲笑) her, so Betty is ___1___ happy in school. I like making friends, ___2___ . I don’t like talking with Betty. Just like other girls, I stay away from ___3___ enjoying being with my group of friends. On the last day of the term, Mum says, “Ella, Betty will spend the ___4___with us.” “Why? No one likes her. If my friends know it, they may ___5___being friends with me.” “Betty’s father left. Her mum has to ___6__ . I must help her. She will come tomorrow. Treat her like your friend. OK?” On the ___7___ day of the holiday, Betty comes over. We do homework, make meals and play chess... We don’t ___8___ a lot, but I get to know more about Betty. She’s kind and she is good __9____ making things. One sunny day, Betty says she wants to make a small tree house in the old tree in the yard. I am interested in it. So when Betty does it, __10____ her. Finally, we work together to build the tree house. It’s so __11____ that we can’t move around freely but we feel warm there. From that day on, Betty and I spend hours in the __12____. We talk more—yes, we __13____. Most of them are true things that happen to us, so we know more about each other. But one day, a heavy rain comes to the village. Betty and I run 14 to save the tree house. But it is still broken. I feel my heart is also broken. When the sun comes out, I still feel 15 , but Betty goes to help my parents to clean the yard. With tools in her hand, Betty says she wants to make another tree house and fill (把 …… 装满) it with more stories. Hearing this, I know that our friendship is stronger than the tree house. ( ) 1. A. always B. often C. sometimes D. never ( ) 2. A. so B. because C. and D. but ( ) 3. A. her B. him C. them D. it ( ) 4. A. weekend B. festival C. schooldays D. holiday ( ) 5. A. like B. stop C. practise D. keep ( ) 6. A. go B. come C. learn D. work ( ) 7. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth ( ) 8. A. cook B. eat C. talk D. work ( ) 9. A. at B. for C. with D. about ( ) 10. A. teach B. follow C. save D. leave ( ) 11. A. small B. noisy C. dangerous D. clean ( ) 12. A. kitchen B. classroom C. tree house D. bedroom ( ) 13. A. sing songs B. draw pictures C. tell stories D. play the violin ( ) 14. A. quietly B. quickly C. happily D. excitedly ( ) 15. A. good B. relaxed C. terrible D. free 六.信息还原。（2024·江苏泰州海陵区七年级下期末） Our class goes on a trip to the zoo: The animals there are great. Look! 1 She’s Jane. She likes watching pandas. She thinks pandas are cute and friendly. What are the pandas doing? Aha! They’re sleeping. I think they’re lazy. Mike is not very far from Jane. His favourite animal is the giraffe. He is looking at a giraffe. 2 There’s a man over there. Who is he? He’s our biology (生物) teacher, Mr Xu. 3 Many of my classmates like him. He’s telling stories about elephants. They’re really big! But I’m not afraid of them. 4 They’re big and scary! We really have a good time in the zoo. 5 Animals are our good friends. We must be friendly to them! A. The giraffe is smart and interesting. B.I’m afraid of tigers! C.Who is that beautiful girl in a red skirt? D.He knows a lot about animals. E.I like elephants. F.We also learn a lot of things. G.They like eating meat. $ 7B Unit2 Neighbourhood（上）答案 模块二：知识点睛 1 无 2. care careful；careless carefully；carelessly 短语：take care of；take care；care about 3. like v. 喜欢；反义词 dislike prep. 像；反义词 unlike 长相三问： · What does he/she look like? · What is he/she like? · How does he/she look? 性格、品质：What is he/she like? 评价、看法：What do you think of ...? / How do you like ...? 天气/事物：What’s the weather like? 4. ready ① be ready to do sth. ② be ready for sth. 乐意做某事：be willing to do sth. 选择题：A. helpful; to help 5. help help sb. with sth. help sb. (to) do sth. 6. above 反：below over 反：under 练习：C. below 7. from time to time at times 有时 at a time 一次 on time 准时 in time 及时 at the same time 同时 at all times 总是 选择题： 1. D. a bit boring; from time to time 2. D. from time to time 8. kind all kinds of = different kinds of be kind to sb. = be friendly to sb. 选择题： 1. C. Playing all kinds of balls; That’s why 2. A. problems 9. ask for help 句子：Uncle Wang is coming. 选择题： 1. D. am going to learn 2. C. to stop to take 10. broken 1. Something is wrong with 2. B. something new 3. C. anything interesting 复合不定代词 + 形容词： 如：something to eat/drink 11. repair/mend/fix be willing to do sth. 练习：willing 12. lucky be lucky to do sth. 反：unlucky adv. luckily；反：unluckily un. luck；Good luck! 13. free for free 14. join / join in / take part in / attend 1. B. take part in, join 2. D. take part in; join 15. need need to do sth. don’t need to do sth. / needn’t do sth. 选择题： 1. C. needn't; can 2. D. all of the above 16. make make+sb./sth.+adj. 使某人/物… make+sb./sth.+n. 使某人成为… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 模块四：家庭作业 一、用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1. helpful 2. works 3. will be / is going to be 4. to clean 5. sounds 二、选词填空 1. college 2. clean up 3. such as 4. broken 5. any time 6. all kinds of 7. am willing to 8. something wrong 9. clean up 10. ask for help 三、单选 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 四、首字母填空 1. neighbour 2. move 3. help 4. neighbourhood 5. members 6. dinner 7. have 8. Second 9. help 10. get 五、完形填空 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. C 六、信息还原 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. F 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $