动词专项3.情态动词can could能力请求may might许可推测must should义务建议情态动词have done表过去推测责备-2025-2026学年英语期末语法复习（全国通用版）

期末语法复习 初中英语语法全解·动词专项·情态动词用法 一、情态动词的核心用法详解 核心考点解析·考点1 考点：can/could表能力与请求的用法 规则：can表现在的能力，cold表过去的能力或委婉请求（回答用cam):请求时could 语气比can更委婉。 真题再现（人教版九年级期末真题改编）： you swim when you were five?-Yes,I could. A)Can B)Could C)May D)Must 答案：B 例题练习： -Could I borrow your dictionary?-Yes,you_ 答案：can 核心考点解析·考点2 考点：may/might表许可与推测的用法 规则：may/might表许可时，may语气更肯定，might更委婉；表推测时，might可能性 比may小，用于肯定句/否定句。 真题再现（外研版八年级期末真题改编）： -I leave the classroom now?-No,you mustn't. A)Must B)Should C)May D)Need 答案：C 核心考点解析·考点3 考点：must/should表义务与建议的用法 规则：must表”必须”（否定nustn't表”禁止”），should表”应该？（建议）；must的否 定▣答用needn't或don't have to.。 真题再现（苏教版七年级期末真题改编）： You be quiet in the library. A)can B)must C)may D)might 答案：B 例题练习： You_eat more vegetables.They are good for you. 答案：should 核心考点解析·考点4 考点：情态动词+have done表过去推测与责备的用法 规则：must have done表”过去一定做了”（肯定推测），should have done表过去本应 该做却没做？（责备）：can't have done表”过去不可能做了”（否定推测）。 真题再现（沪教版九年级期末真题改编）： The ground is wet.It rained last night. A)must have B)should have C)can have D)may have 答案：A 例题练习： You (should)told me the truth yesterday. 答案：should have 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.-you play the piano when you were six?-Yes,I could. A)Can B)Could C)May D)Must 2.The door is locked.He have gone out. A)must B)should C)can't D)may 3.Yoube late for school.It's against the rules A)can B)must C)mustn't D)needn't 4.-Could I use your phone?-Yes,you_ A)could B)can C)must D)might 5.She looks sad.She have failed the exam. A)must B)should C)can't D)need (二)语法填空 1.You_(should)finished your homework yesterday. 2.-May I borrow your pen?-No,you_(mustn't/needn't) 3.The light is on.He(must)be at home now. 4.They-(can)swim very well when they were young. (三)句型转换 1.He must have cleaned the room.(改为否定句) He cleaned the room. 2.You should tell her the news.(改为过去责备语气) You her the news yesterday. 3.May I open the window?he asked.(合并为间接引语) He asked if he_open the window. (四)篇章填空 It was Sunday morning.Tom 1.-(must)have overslept,because he woke up at 10:00.His mother said,"You 2.(should)gotten up earlierwe planned to visit your grandma!"Tom felt sorry.On the way,it started raining."I 3.-(should)checked the weather report,"Tom thought.When they arrived,Grandma smiled and said,"You 4.-(may)come later,but I'm glad you're here now." (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.B2.A3.C4.B5.A 2.语法填空答案： 1.should have 2.mustn't 3.must 4.could 3.句型转换答案： 1.can't have 2.should have told 3.might 4.篇章填空答案： 1.must 2.should have 3.should have 4.may 英语语法复习手册·初中英语语法全解·动词专项·情态动词用法