动词专项2.非谓语动词动词不定式todo作宾语状语宾补动名词doing作主语宾语分词doingdone作定语状语基础用法-2025-2026学年英语期末语法复习（全国通用版）

期末语法复习 初中英语语法全解·动词专项·非谓语动词：动词不定式(t0do 作宾语/状语/宾补)、动名词(doing作主语/宾语)、分词(doin g/done作定语/状语基础用法) 一、非谓语动词核心用法详解 考点一：动词不定式作宾语的用法 规则：部分及物动词后接不定式(todo)作宾语，常见动词有wat,hope,decide,.leam, plan等。 真题再现（人教版初三期末真题改编）： She wants English well. A)learn B)to learn C)learning D)learned 答案：B 解析：want后接不定式作宾语。 例题练习： He decided_(visit)his grandparents next weekend. 答案：to visit 解析：decide后接不定式作宾语。 考点二：动词不定式作状语的用法 规则：不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句末，意为“为了…”；作结果状语时， 常与oy连用，表示“意外的结果”。 真题再现（外研版初二期末真题改编）： We get up early_catch the first bus. A)so B)to C)for D)with 答案：B 解析：不定式作目的状语。 例题练习： He hurried to the station only (find)the train had left 答案：to find 解析：only to do表示意外结果。 考点三：动词不定式作宾补的用法 规则：感官动词(see,hear,watch等)和使役动词(make,let,have)后接不定式作宾补 时，不定式符号to要省略；但变为被动语态时，to需还原。 真题再现（牛津版初一期末真题改编）： I saw her_the room just now. A)leave B)to leave C)leaving D)left 答案：A 解析：see后接省略to的不定式作宾补。 例题练习： The boss made him(work)l2 hours a day.(改为被动语态)He was made(work)l2 hours a day. 答案：work,to work 解析：主动语态省略to,被动语态还原to。 考点四：动名词作主语的用法 规则：动名词(dong)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，可位于句首或用t作形式主 语(Itis+adj.+doing)。 真题再现（冀教版初三期末真题改编）： English is very useful. A)Learn B)To learn C)Learning D)Learned 答案：C 解析：动名词作主语。 例题练习： It's interesting(play)basketball with friends. 答案：playing 解析：t作形式主语，真正主语是动名词。 考点五：动名词作宾语的用法 规则：部分动词(enjoy,.finish,practice,mind,keep等)和介词后接动名词(doing)作 宾语。 真题再现（鲁教版初二期末真题改编）： My brother enjoys__football after school A)play B)plays C)playing D)to play 答案：C 解析：enjoy后接动名词作宾语。 例题练习： Thank you for (help)me with my homework. 答案：helping 解析：介词for后接动名词。 考点六：现在分词(doing)作定语和状语的用法 规则：现在分词作定语时，修饰名词表示“主动/进行”；作状语时，常表示时间、原因 或伴随动作，与逻辑主语是主动关系。 真题再现（苏教版初一期末真题改编）： Look at the girlunder the tree. A)sing B)sings C)singing D)sang 答案：C 解析：现在分词作后置定语。 例题练习： (walk)in the park,we met an old friend. 答案：Walking 解析：现在分词作时间状语。 考点七：过去分词(done)作定语和状语的用法 规则：过去分词作定语时，修饰名词表示“被动完成”；作状语时，常表示原因或条件， 与逻辑主语是被动关系。 真题再现（北师大版初三期末真题改编）： The book is very popular. A)interest B)interesting C)interested D)interests 答案：B 解析：过去分词转化形容词作定语。 例题练习： (see)from the hill,the city looks beautiful 答案：Seen 解析：过去分词作条件状语。 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.He hopes_to the concert with his friends next week. A)go B)to go C)going D)goes 2.My father often tells me too much time playing video games. A)not to spend B)not spend C)to not spend D)don't spend 3.-English every day is a good way to improve your language skills A)Read B)To read C)Reading D)Readed 4.The teacher made the students the text three times. A)copy B)to copy C)copying D)copied 5.They hurried to the airport only the flight had taken off. A)find B)to find C)finding D)found 6.She enjoyspop music while doing homework. A)listen B)listens C)listening to D)to listen to 7.It's important exercise regularly to stay healthy. A)take B)to take C)taking D)takes 8.I saw him basketball with his brother when I passed the playground. A)play B)to play C)playing D)plays (二)语法填空 1.She decided(visit)her aunt in Beijing during the summer vacation 2.Thank you for(help)me carry the heavy box. 3.My brother practices(play)the piano for two hours every day. 4.(swim)in the river is dangerous 5.The little girl was heard(sing)happily in her room. 6.He was made(work)overtime by his boss yesterday (三)句型转换 1.They saw the thief run away..(改为被动语态) The thief run away. 2.He finished doing his homework at9p.m.（改为否定句) He_doing his homework at 9 p.m. 3.To learn English well is important.(用it作形式主语改写) important English well. (四)篇章填空 My friend Tom loves 1.-(learn)languages.He usually spends an hour 2.-(practice)En- glish every morning.Last week,he decided 3.-(join)an English club to improve his speak- ing skills.Yesterday,he went to the club and met many new friends.They encouraged him 4. -(speak)more confidently.Tom said,"5.(communicate)with others in English is really interesting'He hopes 6.(make)progress soon. (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.B2.A3.C4.A5.B6.C7.B8.A 2.语法填空答案： 1.to visit 2.helping 3.playing 4.Swimming 5.to sing 6.to work 3.句型转换答案： 1.was seen to 2.didn't finish 3.It is;to learn 4.篇章填空答案： 1.learning 2.practicing 3.to join 4.to speak 5.Communicating 6.to make 英语语法复习手册·初中英语语法全解·动词专项·非谓语动词