词法1.代词人称代词主格宾格物主代词形容词性名词性指示代词不定代词some any等基础用法-2025-2026学年英语期末语法复习（全国通用版）

期末语法复习 初中英语语法全解·词法·代词：人称代词（主格/宾格）、物主 代词（形容词性/名词性）、指示代词、不定代词(some/any等 基础用法) 一、 代词核心用法详解 考点一：人称代词主格与宾格的用法区别 规则：主格(Iyou/he/she/it/we/they)作主语，位于动词前；宾格(me/you/him/her/itus/them) 作宾语，位于动词或介词后。 真题再现（选择，人教版七上期末真题改编）： is my friend.I often play with A)She;her B)Her,she C)He;his D)Him;he 答案：A 解析：第一空作主语用主格She,第二空作介词with的宾语用宾格her。 例题练习： My mother told(①）a story last night. 答案：me 解析：作动词told的宾语用宾格me。 考点二：形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的辨析 规则：形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/or/heir)后必须接名词；名词性物主代 词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ous/theirs)后不接名词，相当于”形容词性物主代词+名词”。 真题再现（选择，外研版八上期末真题改编）： —Is this pen_?—No,it's. A)your;her B)yours;hers C)your;hers D)yours;her 答案：B 解析：第一空后无名词用名词性物主代词yours,第二空后无名词用hers。 例题练习： These books are not_._are on the desk. 答案：mine;Yours 解析：第一空后无名词用mime,第二空后无名词用Yours。 考点三：指示代词this/that/these/those的基本用法 规则：近指用this(单数)hese(复数)，指代距离较近的人或物；远指用that(单数) /hose(复数)，指代距离较远的人或物。 真题再现（选择，冀教版七上期末真题改编）： -What's_over there?-It's a bike. A)this B)that C)these D)those 答案：B 解析：over there表示远处，用单数that。 例题练习： -apples are red,but_are green. 答案：These,those 解析：第一空指近处复数用These,第二空指远处复数用those。 考点四：不定代词some/any的用法区别 规则：some用于肯定句和表示请求、建议的疑问句中；any用于否定句和一般疑问句 中。 真题再现（选择，牛津版七下期末真题改编）： Would you like_tea？ A)some B)any C)a D)an 答案：A 解析：表示建议的疑问句用some。 例题练习： There aren't_books on the shelf. 答案：any 解析：否定句用any。 考点五：指示代词替代前文名词避免重复 规则：that可替代前文提到的单数名词，those可替代前文提到的复数名词，避免重复。 例题练习： The weather in Beijing is colder than in Guangzhou. 答案：that 解析：hat替代前文单数名词weather。 考点六：人称代词t的特殊用法 规则：t可指代时间、天气、距离，或作形式主语/宾语。 真题再现（选择，鲁教版七上期末真题改编）： is sunny today.Let's go out. A)This B)That C)It D)They 答案：C 解析：t指代天气。 例题练习： _takes me 10 minutes to walk to school. 答案：It 解析：t作形式主语。 二、考点综合训练 (一)单项选择 1.is a good student.All teachers like_ A)She;her B)Her;she C)He;his D)Him;he 2.-Is this pencil box?-No,it's A)your,her B)yours;hers C)your,hers D)yours;her 3.-What's_over there?-It's a basketball. A)this B)that C)these D)those 4.Would you likejuice?I can get some for you. A)some B)any C)a D)an 5.The population of Shanghai is larger than_of Nanjing. A)this B)that C)these D)those 6.is 8 o'clock now.Let's start our class. A)This B)That C)It D)They (二)语法填空 1.My father bought(I)a new bike yesterday. 2.These are not our books.-(our)are on the teacher's desk. 3.There aren't(some)apples in the fridge.Let's buy some. 4.(this)are my new shoes,and(that)are my brother's 5.takes me 15 minutes to finish my homework every day (三)句型转换 1.This is his dictionary.（改为复数句) their_. 2.Those are her pencils..（改为单数句) her 3.She often helps me with my English.(对划线部分提问) -often helpswith your English? 4.The weather in Harbin is colder than the weather in Beijing.(用代词简化句子) The weather in Harbin is colder than in Beijing. (四)篇章填空 Hello!I'm Lily.Look at 1.(this)photo.It's a picture of my family.2.(that)man in the middle is my father.He is a doctor.The woman next to him is my mother.3.-(her)is a teacher.4.(these)are my grandparents.They live with us.I have a brother.5.(he)is 10 years old.We often play together.Do you have a big family?6.(you)can tell me about it! (五)参考答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：1.A2.B3.B4.A5.B6.C 2.语法填空答案： 1.me 2.Ours 3.any 4.These;those 5.It 3.句型转换答案： 1.These are,dictionaries 2.That is;pencil 3.Who;you 4.that 4.篇章填空答案： 1.this 2.That 3.She 4.These 5.He 6.You 英语语法复习手册·初中英语语法全解·词法·代词