考前押题04 阅读与表达之5大单元话题（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材冀教版

专题04 阅读与表达5大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习（常考点） 话题4 志愿服务与公共服务 话题2 做人与做事（常考点） 话题5 环保意识与行为 话题3 历史社会与文化 话题6 XXX 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 A lot of people want others to be their friends. At the same time, some people don't give the friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long. To have a friend, you have to be a friend. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous, be understanding. Honesty is necessary and it's also the first step to start the good friendship. Friends must trust each other. If you don't tell the truth, people will usually find it out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest, you may lose your friend's trust. To be generous, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy. You needn't share your money or favourite clothes. You can share your ideas and feelings. By chatting about the ideas and feelings, you can make your friend know you well. Everyone needs understanding when they meet problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem with the friend can make it easier. Understanding each other can be a good way of solving the problem. To be a friend, you must learn to listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place, and then you can understand the problem better. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. Why don't some friendships last very long? _____________________________________________________________________ 2. What's the first step to start the good friendship? _____________________________________________________________________ 3. How can you make your friend know you well? _____________________________________________________________________ 4. What can be a good way to solve the problem? _____________________________________________________________________ 5. What else can you do to keep the good friendship except the rules in the passage? _____________________________________________________________________  Passage 2 Name: Li Hua Age: thirteen years old Grade: 7 School: No. 29 Middle School Hobby: playing football Self-assessment: I am a kind boy and I often help my classmates. Name: Peter Age: twelve years old Grade: 7 School: Sunshine Middle School Hobby: listening to music Self-assessment: I am an American boy and I'm a little shy. Name: Nancy Age: thirteen years old Grade: 7 School: Sunshine Middle School Hobby: singing songs Self-assessment: My hair is long and I come from America. I'm friendly. Name: Yang Ning Age: fourteen years old Grade: 8 School: No. 2 Middle School Hobby: dancing Self-assessment: I'm polite. I have a dancing class on Saturday morning. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。  1. Which two students are of the same age? ___________________________________________ 2. Who enjoys listening to music? ___________________________________________ 3. Who is in the 8th grade? ___________________________________________ 4. Does the underlined word "Self-assessment" mean (意思是) "自我欣赏"? ___________________________________________ 5. There are many differences among the four students. Is having differences a good thing? Why? (至少回答两点) ______________________________________________________________________  Passage 3 When you are in a group with good classmates, it can be very good for you. You should always be prepared when going to school, but there are days when you forget a pencil or a notebook. In such a situation, you can borrow one from your classmate. If youˈre having trouble understanding a certain question, classmates can be quite helpful. Having a difficult maths problem explained to you by a fellow student will be much easier than asking your teacher, because your teacher canˈt be always with you. You may have difficulty doing homework if youˈve missed a class. Having a classmate who lets you review his or her notes can help you a lot in a situation like this. If you happen to have a classmate who lives nearby, you might be able to carpool (拼车) to and from school. Not only will this save some money, but it will help protect the environment as well. Students who enjoy their surroundings and get along well with their fellow classmates are usually much happier than those who do not. 阅读短文，回答下列问题 1. What can you do when you forget a pencil or a notebook? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why is it easier for you to have a difficult problem explained by a fellow student than by a teacher? ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Whatˈs the good of carpooling besides saving money? ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why is it good for you to have good classmates? ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you want to have a good classmate? Why or why not? ______________________________________________________________________________  Passage 4 When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand and this situation (情况) is very common at middle schools. This 15-year-old boy always waits for the answer from other classmates or the teacher. "What if my answer is wrong?" Wang said. Wang said only six or seven students in his class raised their hands when a question was asked. "I think it is a problem that may affect (影响) our studies, but I am afraid of making mistakes in front of my classmates," he said. When we asked the teacher, Hu Wei, why the students didnˈt raise their hands, he said, "They lack (缺乏) confidence. They are afraid that others say theyˈre showing off, or theyˈre afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers." To encourage students to raise their hands in class, Hu suggests that teachers should repeat the question, and try to encourage students to offer their answers. Hu also advises students not to be shy, but to be brave enough to try. Sun Pin, 16, always raises her hand as soon as she comes up with the answer, even if she isnˈt sure she has gotten it right. Sun canˈt understand why some of her classmates keep silent in class. She enjoys raising her hand a lot. "It keeps me active and confident to express my ideas," Sun said. "Raising my hand has really made me excellent." 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. What situation is very common at middle schools according to the text? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. How many students in Wangˈs class would like to raise their hands to answer questions in class? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What does Hu advise teachers to do? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. What will Sun Pin probably do if she isnˈt sure about her answer? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Will you raise your hand in class? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________  Passage 5 Nobody wants to lose, but we must accept that losing is a part of life. After all, we can't win all the time. So we must know how to be a good loser. We must not be afraid of losing. When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it. Edison failed about 1,600 times before he improved the light bulb (灯泡). In history, many men and women failed many times, but they got success at last. Losing is not very disgraceful (丢脸的). We must accept our failure and learn to make use of it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take action to walk out of it. When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve. If someone else can help, we'll be lucky enough. This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future. We should face our failure when we lose. There is only one winner in every competition. Some win, while some lose. That is a usual way of life. If we offer the winners our congratulations (祝贺) and share their happiness, we won't feel sorry for our failure. In a word, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful (痛苦的) at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Good losers set examples to us, and most importantly, they finally win. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. What should we do when we lose according to Paragraph 2? ___________________________________________ 2. Who improved the light bulb? ___________________________________________ 3. What does the writer advise the losers to do after a competition? ___________________________________________ 4. What will help us to succeed in life according to this passage? ___________________________________________ 5. Are you a good loser in life? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ 话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1 Studying in groups is helpful to our study. It becomes popular in class and has many good sides. For example, we can not only save time but also encourage each other when we study in groups. I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard time with it. Once in class, the teacher asked us to discuss questions with each other, but I could not do it because I was very shy. My physics teacher encouraged me to be brave and talk with others. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understand any questions, they could give me some suggestions and I could quickly find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that I felt very relaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. Finally, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How excited I was! Because of studying in groups, I am not worried about learning physics any more. With my classmatesˈ help, I get more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways. So letˈs study more in groups. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. How was the writerˈs physics when he was in Grade 8? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Could the writer discuss questions with others at first? Why? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What did the writerˈs physics teacher encourage him to do in class? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. How did the writer feel after finishing his homework by himself? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you like studying in groups? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 As a language learner, you are not alone. About 1.2 billion people are learning a foreign language. However, not all of them enjoy success. We talked to hundreds of successful language learners. They shared some of their habits (习惯) with us. One key to long-term success is working towards the goal all the time. Most successful language learners make sure they spend a few minutes practicing every day. Some language learners practice their language only in class. In the long run, they improved less than those who practice daily. The second habit of successful language learners is that they don't study too much and too long at a time. Instead, they study for a short period each time. And then after a break, they continue. Over a longer time, they make progress. Some language learners always want to learn as much new material (材料) as they can. But review (复习) also plays an important role in learning. Do you still remember all the English words and expressions you learned last year? Successful language learners review the old material. Going over lessons turns the short-term memory (记忆) into the long term one. Are you having a hard time improving your English? Then you may try to develop these three habits. Don't worry if it takes time. Learning a second language well should take time! 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) How many people are learning a foreign language according to the passage? ___________________________________________ (2) Why do successful learners review the old material? ___________________________________________ (3) Do successful language learners learn for a long time each time? ___________________________________________ (4) How can a language learner improve? (List one example) ___________________________________________ (5) What do you think of the three habits? What other good habits of learning English do you have? (Write 30 words or more.) ___________________________________________ Passage 3 "I like to connect every idea in my textbook with a real-life situation. Instead of just remembering facts, I like understanding the knowledge (知识) deeply and thinking about how to apply it in real life. Sometimes, I even do experiments (实验) to test it out," Mark introduced his way of learning. During his 3 years at Yali Experimental Middle School, he had always been practicing his way of learning. "For example, when studying the law of refraction (折射定律) in physics class in Grade 8, most students just remembered the formula (公式). But I thought about how it worked in a swimming pool. After school, I watched how a stick looked bent (弯曲) when I put it into the pool. By learning in this way, I didnˈt just keep the law in mind. I understood it deeply. This made learning more interesting for me." This way of learning not only helps Mark understand things better but also develops his skills. Mark has also developed a habit of watching things around him. This helps build a strong base for his future learning. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) Where is Mark studying now? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Does Mark do experiments to test things he learns? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) How long has Mark studied at Yali Experimental Middle School? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What habit has Mark developed from his way of learning? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) What do you think of Markˈs way of learning? Why? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 4 When it comes to letting children do housework, there are some different ideas. Many parents donˈt let their kids do housework. They just let the kids be kids to enjoy plenty of playtime while theyˈre still young. Some may let the kids finish the housework as quickly as possible. There are many important reasons why children should help out around the house. Theyˈre young now, but they wonˈt be kids all the time! Washing clothes and cooking are just some of the skills that kids will need when they finally move out. These are also things that schools do not fully teach, so learning them at home is even more important. Children can become an understanding member of a team through housework. If members of the "family team" help each other, the family members will get closer to each other. So the idea of sharing and fairness is very important. Learning these lessons at home helps kids know about the spirit of teamwork (团队合作) and put it into use at school or at work. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) What donˈt many parents let their kids do when they are young? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What can children become through housework? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) Why should kids learn skills like washing clothes? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What will the family be like if every member shares the housework? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like doing housework? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 5 No. 5 Middle School asked the students to take part in a survey. The question was "What is your dream job?" There were 500 students taking part in the survey. Here are the results. The teachers may feel bad to know that only 5% of the students hope to teach in the future. But they will still try their best to help the students make their dreams come true. And here is the teachers' advice. First, you should understand yourself. What do you like to do? Then, think about what is more important to you, money or happiness? There's no right or wrong answer, so be honest with yourself. Finally, before you try to get your dream job, you should study hard and make yourself better and better.  阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) What do the most students want to be according to the survey? ___________________________________________ (2) How many students want to be doctors? ___________________________________________ (3) Why may the teachers feel bad? ___________________________________________ (4) What should the students do before getting their dream jobs according to the last paragraph? ___________________________________________ (5) What is your dream job? How are you going to do that? ___________________________________________   话题3 历史社会与文化 Passage 1 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese festival. It is on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. People usually get together with their family and have a big dinner on this day. The most important activity during the Mid-Autumn Festival is moon-watching. People believe that the moon is the fullest and brightest on this night. They also like to eat mooncakes while watching the moon. Mooncakes are a kind of traditional Chinese pastry (点心) with different fillings (馅), such as lotus seed paste, red bean paste, and egg yolk (蛋黄). In addition to moon-watching and eating mooncakes, there are also other interesting activities. Some people like to light lanterns. The lanterns are in different shapes and colors, making the night very beautiful. There are also dragon and lion dances in some places. These traditional performances add a lot of fun to the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family reunions and celebrations. It is a festival full of warmth and happiness. People express their love and best wishes on this special day. 根据短文内容回答问题。 (1) When is the Mid-Autumn Festival? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What do people usually do at the Mid-Autumn Festival? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What is the most important activity during the Mid-Autumn Festival? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What are mooncakes? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like the Mid-Autumn Festival? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 There are many holidays and festivals, such as the Spring Festival, May Day, National Day, and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Mums have Motherˈs Day. Dads have Fatherˈs Day. Children have Childrenˈs Day. Is there a special day for old people? The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for old people in China. It started long ago. This year, it is in October. On this day, young people show love to the old people. People do many different kinds of things on this day. They enjoy flowers, eat special cakes and drink wine. Itˈs very interesting. The best way to celebrate is to climb hills or mountains. People think that climbing will bring them good luck and help old people live long lives. The Double Ninth Festival is also a good time for a family reunion. And young people give presents and their best wishes to the old. (1) Who is the Double Ninth Festival for in China? ______________________________________________________________________________ (2) When is the Double Ninth Festival this year? ______________________________________________________________________________ (3) Whatˈs the best way to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival? ______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Why do people like climbing hills on the Double Ninth Festival? ______________________________________________________________________________ (5) How will you show love to your grandparents at the Double Ninth Festival? ______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 3 Zhangjiajie National Forest Park lies in Hunan Province, China. It is really an amazing natural wonder. The park is well-known for its special sandstone peak forest. There are many tall sandstone pillars (柱子) in the park. Some of them are so high, reaching up to hundreds of meters. They stand up from the ground just like big guards. With many green plants growing on them, these pillars look like huge swords cutting into the sky. When the sun shines on them, they look even more beautiful. Besides these cool sandstone pillars, there are also clear and clean streams running through the valleys. The valleys are deep and quiet, waiting for people to find them. You can also see many different kinds of animals here, like lovely birds flying in the trees and small animals running around. The air here is so fresh and full of the nice smell of nature. Every year, a large number of tourists from all over the world come here to enjoy its great beauty. (1) Where is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park located? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What makes the sandstone pillars in the park look like huge swords?_ ______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What natural elements can be found in the park? (List two of them.) _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Why do many tourists come to the park every year? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) If you visit this park, what is the most unforgettable experience you might have? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 4 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. It is just after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. It is about 6,300 kilometers long. It starts from the Tanggula Range and runs through many regions including Qinghai, Xizang, Sichuan, Yunnan, and so on. Finally it runs into the ocean. Throughout the long history of ancient China, this river helped feed millions of people and develop amazing culture. Important cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing are located along the river. However, the Yangtze River also faces some problems. In the past, the water in it was clean but now it is dirty. A lot of fish died because of water pollution. Luckily, people realized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River. A program was set up in 1989 to protect the water and land around the river. It was successful because it helped improve the environment. The other program is about endangered animals. It helps protect white-flag dolphins, one of the rarest animals in the world. The number of white-flag dolphins in China dropped because of the pollution in the Yangtze River. So far, weˈve made some achievements. However, we still have a long way to go to protect the great river. Letˈs work together to help our "Mother River" become as clean as it used to be. (1) What is the longest river in the world? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) How long is the Yangtze River? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What did the Yangtze River do for ancient China? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Whatˈs the purpose of the program set up in 1989? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) What can you do to protect the river? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 5 You may have no idea about how amazing our motherland is. With a history of more than 5,000 years, China has always been a great land to foreigners. In 2008, a documentary (纪录片) called Wild China was screened in the UK before the 2008 Beijing Olympics. There are six episodes in all—"The Heart of Dragon", "Shangri-La", "Xizang", "Beyond the Great Wall", "Land of Panda" and "Tides of Change". This 300-minute-long documentary surprised the audience with China's beautiful scenery. Wild China may be the best documentary of China. You can see the beautiful Himalayas and the Gobi desert. Besides, you can take a look at the hills of Southern China filled with rice fields and the land of the panda. Also, you can gain some knowledge about how silk is collected and the history of the Silk Road. It is interesting to see what our motherland looks like from foreigners' eyes. If you are too busy to travel around China, you are in luck because Wild China can take you on a journey of our motherland and see our amazingly different types of landscapes. (1) When wasWild China shown in the UK? ___________________________________________ (2) How many episodes are there in the documentaryWild China? ___________________________________________ (3) How long will it take you to watchWild China? ___________________________________________ (4) Which English word means "获得" in Passage 2? ___________________________________________ (5) If you are free, do you want to watchWild China? Why or why not? ___________________________________________   话题4 志愿服务与公共服务 Passage 1   Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow their lawns (修剪草坪). For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. (1) Where do the high school and college students often volunteer in the United States? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Which organization is for boys without fathers? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What do college students and other men do for the boys without fathers? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Who do the volunteers believe are the happiest people? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 Jiang Danni is a volunteer from East China. She has ever volunteered in schools in Lebanon (黎巴嫩) and countries in Africa. Her videos about her experience have drawn many peopleˈs attention. After graduating (毕业) from university in 2020, Danni chose to work in Africa for a year and then she traveled to other countries. Then she worked in a primary school in Uganda. She taught children from Grade One to Grade Four. Danni set up different kinds of classes for her students, including labour, cooking and crafts (手工艺). In 2022, Danni arrived in Lebanon in Asia and became a volunteer teacher at a school. This time she taught arts and crafts to her students. She taught them how to make paper cuttings (剪纸) and paper ice-cream in class. Her students all worked hard and enjoyed the creative activities. Danni got on very well with her students. Every time Danni arrived at the school, they would run to give her a hug or small gifts such as candy. And after school, they would invite her to their homes. "I enjoyed spending beautiful moments (美好的时光) with them. Their smiling faces gave me energy and encouraged me to do more volunteer work in different places," Danni said. 阅读短文，回答问题。 (1) Where has Jiang Danni ever volunteered in Lebanon and countries in Africa? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What did Jiang Danni teach her students in class at a school in Lebanon? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) When did Jiang Danni graduate from university? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) How did Jiang Danni get on with her students? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like doing volunteer work? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 3 If you have no special plans for your holidays, why not spend your time helping others? More and more people volunteer to spend their school holidays working for others. Here are some of their plans. Jenny Hamilton, 15 I'm going to help the Forest Centre build new roads in the mountains. I'll spend the whole summer living in the tent and breathing the clean and fresh air. I feel excited about the volunteering work. Jason Moore, 18 This summer, I'm going to volunteer with Special House Program. People there build good, low-cost (低成本的) houses and sell them to families that are not very rich. They'll teach me what to do, so I'll help people and I can learn how to build houses. Lisa Anderson, 16 I'll work for a program called Reading for Life. Every day, I'm going to help kids choose and read books that they like. I want to be a teacher because I love children and reading. So this is going to be a great experience for me. (1) Where will Jenny live during the volunteering work? ___________________________________________ (2) How does Jenny feel about her volunteering work? ___________________________________________ (3) What can Jason learn from Special House Program? ___________________________________________ (4) Why does Lisa want to be a teacher? ___________________________________________ (5) Do you like to do some volunteering work? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ Passage 4 Volunteers Wanted—Come Here and Work as Volunteers We give a lot of chances (机会) to people who want to volunteer. In order to help poor people, homeless people, children and the elderly, we need you! We welcome volunteers from all parts of the world. Teachers, students, doctors, office workers and anyone else who is interested in helping others are invited. We need volunteers to help in the following ways: ⊙Hospital—Visit sick children in the hospital. Let them be happy. ⊙Supermarket—Help hand out leaflets (传单) or put up signs. ⊙After-school Program—Help children with their schoolwork in an after-school program. You'd better have teaching experience. ⊙Teaching English—For schools, libraries, women groups, and the elderly. ⊙Green Club—Save our environment! You can plant trees, for example. ⊙Repairing—Help repair radios, televisions, computers or other things that are broken. Please call us at 8500-6099 or email us at ficcdat@yahoo. com or visit our website http://www. ficcdat. cna. (1) Who do the volunteers help according to the passage? ___________________________________________ (2) Do they only need teachers and students to be volunteers? ___________________________________________ (3) Where can the volunteers help sick children? ___________________________________________ (4) What should the volunteers do in supermarkets? ___________________________________________ (5) Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ Passage 5 In 2024, every Saturday morning, 9-year-old Zhang Shucheng went to Gansu Provincial Museum with his mother. Zhang went there not as a visitor but as a guide. He had worked there for more than one year, with some of his friends who had the same interest. Zhang shared (分享) the interesting stories behind the exhibits (展品) with visitors for about half an hour. Many visitors were surprised at the boy. To explain (解释) well, Zhang learned more about the exhibits. Also, he learned from teachers there. In fact, Zhang's mother started to help him when he was only two years old. She bought him picture books and read with him. "At first, I told him stories, and he would imitate (模仿) me," she said. Then, Zhang's mother bought him more books about geography and history. Thanks to her, Zhang could do his job excellently. Zhang enjoyed working as a guide at the museum. "It's fun to tell visitors what I've learned. I wanted to keep doing these things," he said. (1) How often did Zhang go to Gansu Provincial Museum? ___________________________________________ (2) Was Zhang a visitor to the museum? ___________________________________________ (3) What did Zhang do to explain well? ___________________________________________ (4) How did Zhang's mother help him when he was a little boy? ___________________________________________ (5) What do you think of Zhang's job? ___________________________________________ 话题5 环保意识与行为 Passage 1 To protect the environment, China has imposed a ban (禁令) on thin plastic bags (plastic bags thinner than 0.025 mm). From June 1, 2008, China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags. Plastic bags can cause "white pollution", because they can take hundreds of years to break down. They pollute the soil and water. Plastic bags also cause a serious danger to animals, because animals often mistake plastic bags for food. Tens of thousands of them die each year after eating plastic bags. So what kind of bags will be the best to use when we are shopping? Recently some students made their own shopping bags. Most of the students used old clothes to make their bags. They painted pictures like the Olympic rings on them. But Li Mei had a more traditional way to make her bag. She wove (编织) a bamboo basket. It was not an easy job. With her grandfatherˈs help, Li Mei spent a whole afternoon making it. What can we do? Refuse plastic bags and persuade (说服) people to use environmentally friendly shopping bags instead of plastic ones. Try to recycle the ones we have. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) When did China stop the production, sale and use of thin plastic bags? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Why do plastic bags cause a serious danger to animals? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What did most of the students use to make their shopping bags? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What should you do to protect the environment according to the passage? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like Li Meiˈs way to make her bag? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 My father is quiet most of the time. There is one thing that gets him excited. Just say the word "garbage" to him! Or I should say, he is very interested in dealing with the garbage problem. Last year, my father decided to do something about all the wasted food we threw away. Each family wastes a large amount of food yearly—nearly 0.25 ton. We usually throw away the unfinished rice, dishes, and so on. However, there is something we can do to deal with it. If we properly deal with food waste, it can be changed into compost (堆肥). This compost can be added to vegetable gardens to make the plants grow really well. To deal with food waste in my family, my father came up with a good idea: Instead of throwing away all our food waste, we put it into the compost bin (箱). Mother Nature will slowly turn it from garbage into a useful tool. Three months later, we were surprised to find that it was full of rich compost material (材料)! Next time you eat outside, just order what you need. Similarly, just make what you need at home when cooking. This also helps to avoid wasting food. Do you have any other ideas? Think about it. (1) What is the writerˈs father really interested in? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) How much food waste does each family make yearly? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What can food waste be changed into according to Paragraph 3? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What was the fatherˈs idea to deal with food waste? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) In your daily life, what can you do to reduce food waste? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 3 Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22nd. Most people believe that the Earth is worth protecting and that we need to play a part in it. We live on the Earth and we only have one Earth. Today Earth Day is celebrated in at least 192 countries around the world. We learn about ways to protect the environment on Earth Day. One powerful thing is recycling. Recycling is a way to reuse old things to make new things instead of throwing them away. It can help our planet by reducing a lot of waste. Now hereˈs a tip when we recycle things: we need to make sure the things are clean, dry and not messy. Another amazing way to help the Earth is saving electricity. The electricity is important. So when you save electricity, youˈre really helping out. There are many ways to save electricity, like turning off the lights when you leave a room or shutting off your TV and computer before you go out to play. And of course we can also help our planet by planting trees. Trees are important to the environment. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and release (释放) oxygen which is needed to breathe. Trees are good for our planet and good for us. Of course there are many other ways to protect the Earth. A few small actions can make a big difference. Take action right now! (1) When is Earth Day celebrated? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What is recycling? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) How many ways of protecting the Earth are mentioned in the passage? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Why are trees important to the environment? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) What other ways can you think of to protect the Earth? _______________________________________________________________________________ Passage 4 Nowadays many people want to have a more interesting experience when arriving in a new city or country. Here are some better ways to travel, both for you and for the environment. Way 1 Get out of the car and walk. It's slower but it's the greenest way to travel. It's also the best way to see a city but remember to wear comfortable shoes. You can walk slowly, enjoy fresh air and beautiful scenery (景色) along the way. Way 2 Riding a bicycle is also a good choice. Many hotels now have free bikes. You don't need to spend money on it. It is convenient for people to travel around the city. Some hotels even have free electric (电动的) bikes. They make it easier to go up hills and on longer trips. Some cities also have motorbikes, and you can pick up one easily. It's not free but very cheap. Way 3 If you have to take transportation in a city, try to take public transportation. Most cities now show lots of information and very clear maps about the public transportation on the city's website. So find them on the city's website when you arrive in a city. Way 4 If possible, take trains or ships to travel from city to city. They are usually greener than cars and planes. (1) What is the greenest way to travel? ___________________________________________ (2) Which kind of transportation is convenient for people to travel around the city? ___________________________________________ (3) What is a good choice if you have to take transportation in a city? ___________________________________________ (4) Where can you find the information about a city's public transportation? ___________________________________________ (5) What kind of transportation do you like? why? ___________________________________________ Passage 5 More and more people like bicycling. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Bikes can take you almost anywhere! Get on a bicycle and ride around your countryside. You can find something that you didn't notice all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can ride a bike to work and enjoy exercising at the same time. You don't even have to ride all the way. Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be put into a bag or a small box. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by visiting airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travellers. Health benefits (好处) of bicycling: ·It helps to prevent heart illnesses. ·Bicycling helps to control your weight. ·Bicycling can make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. (1) Why is bicycling popular today? ___________________________________________ (2) What can you do when you ride around your countryside? ___________________________________________ (3) What does the underlined word "Folding" mean in Chinese? ___________________________________________ (4) How can you take the folding bike to the plane? ___________________________________________ (5) Please write down two other pieces of benefits of bicycling. ___________________________________________   $专题04 阅读与表达5大常考话题 话题1 生活与学习（常考点） 话题4 志愿服务与公共服务 话题2 做人与做事（常考点） 话题5 环保意识与行为 话题3 历史社会与文化 话题6 XXX 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 生活与学习 Passage 1 A lot of people want others to be their friends. At the same time, some people don't give the friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long. To have a friend, you have to be a friend. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous, be understanding. Honesty is necessary and it's also the first step to start the good friendship. Friends must trust each other. If you don't tell the truth, people will usually find it out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest, you may lose your friend's trust. To be generous, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy. You needn't share your money or favourite clothes. You can share your ideas and feelings. By chatting about the ideas and feelings, you can make your friend know you well. Everyone needs understanding when they meet problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem with the friend can make it easier. Understanding each other can be a good way of solving the problem. To be a friend, you must learn to listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place, and then you can understand the problem better. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. Why don't some friendships last very long? _____________________________________________________________________ 2. What's the first step to start the good friendship? _____________________________________________________________________ 3. How can you make your friend know you well? _____________________________________________________________________ 4. What can be a good way to solve the problem? _____________________________________________________________________ 5. What else can you do to keep the good friendship except the rules in the passage? _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Because some people don't give the friendship back. 【小题2】Honesty. 【小题3】By chatting about the ideas and feelings. 【小题4】Understanding each other. 【小题5】We can help each other. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 【解析】 1. 根据“At the same time, some people don't give the friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long.”可知，因为有些人不会回报友谊，所以有些友谊不会持续很久。 2. 根据“Honesty is necessary and it's also the first step to start the good friendship.”可知，建立良好的友谊的第一步是诚实。 3. 根据“By chatting about the ideas and feelings, you can make your friend know you well.”可知，通过谈论想法和感受可以让朋友很好地了解你。 4. 根据“Understanding each other can be a good way of solving the problem.”可知，相互理解是解决问题的一个好方法。 5. 略  Passage 2 Name: Li Hua Age: thirteen years old Grade: 7 School: No. 29 Middle School Hobby: playing football Self-assessment: I am a kind boy and I often help my classmates. Name: Peter Age: twelve years old Grade: 7 School: Sunshine Middle School Hobby: listening to music Self-assessment: I am an American boy and I'm a little shy. Name: Nancy Age: thirteen years old Grade: 7 School: Sunshine Middle School Hobby: singing songs Self-assessment: My hair is long and I come from America. I'm friendly. Name: Yang Ning Age: fourteen years old Grade: 8 School: No. 2 Middle School Hobby: dancing Self-assessment: I'm polite. I have a dancing class on Saturday morning. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。  1. Which two students are of the same age? ___________________________________________ 2. Who enjoys listening to music? ___________________________________________ 3. Who is in the 8th grade? ___________________________________________ 4. Does the underlined word "Self-assessment" mean (意思是) "自我欣赏"? ___________________________________________ 5. There are many differences among the four students. Is having differences a good thing? Why? (至少回答两点) ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Li Hua and Nancy. 【小题2】Peter. 【小题3】Yang Ning. 【小题4】No, it doesn't. 【小题5】I think it's a good thing to have differences. Because we can learn from each other and know about different cultures and different hobbies. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 【解析】 1. 根据“Name: Li Hua”和“Name: Nancy”后的“Age: thirteen years old”可知，李华（音译）和南希的年龄一样。 2. 根据“Name: Peter”和“Hobby: listening to music”可知，喜欢听音乐的是彼得。 3. 根据“Name: Yang Ning”和“Grade: 8”可知，在八年级的是杨宁（音译）。 4. 根据四个人Self assessment部分的内容可知，这个词指自我评价，不是自我欣赏，所以本题作否定回答。 5. 略  Passage 3 When you are in a group with good classmates, it can be very good for you. You should always be prepared when going to school, but there are days when you forget a pencil or a notebook. In such a situation, you can borrow one from your classmate. If youˈre having trouble understanding a certain question, classmates can be quite helpful. Having a difficult maths problem explained to you by a fellow student will be much easier than asking your teacher, because your teacher canˈt be always with you. You may have difficulty doing homework if youˈve missed a class. Having a classmate who lets you review his or her notes can help you a lot in a situation like this. If you happen to have a classmate who lives nearby, you might be able to carpool (拼车) to and from school. Not only will this save some money, but it will help protect the environment as well. Students who enjoy their surroundings and get along well with their fellow classmates are usually much happier than those who do not. 阅读短文，回答下列问题 1. What can you do when you forget a pencil or a notebook? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why is it easier for you to have a difficult problem explained by a fellow student than by a teacher? ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Whatˈs the good of carpooling besides saving money? ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why is it good for you to have good classmates? ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you want to have a good classmate? Why or why not? ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】I can borrow one from a classmate. 【小题2】Because the teacher canˈt be always with me. 【小题3】It also helps protect the environment. 【小题4】Because good classmates can help me in many ways and make me happy. 【小题5】Yes, I do. Because I can discuss questions with him or her. 答案不唯一，言之有理即可。 【解析】 1. 根据第二段内容可知，当忘记带铅笔或笔记本时，可以向同学借。 2. 根据“Having a difficult maths problem… because your teacher canˈt be always with you.”可知，让同学来解释难题比问老师更容易，因为老师不能总是在身边。 3. 根据“Not only will this save some money, but it will help protect the environment as well.”可知，拼车除了省钱之外，还有助于保护环境。 4. 通读全文可以概括出答案。 5. 略  Passage 4 When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand and this situation (情况) is very common at middle schools. This 15-year-old boy always waits for the answer from other classmates or the teacher. "What if my answer is wrong?" Wang said. Wang said only six or seven students in his class raised their hands when a question was asked. "I think it is a problem that may affect (影响) our studies, but I am afraid of making mistakes in front of my classmates," he said. When we asked the teacher, Hu Wei, why the students didnˈt raise their hands, he said, "They lack (缺乏) confidence. They are afraid that others say theyˈre showing off, or theyˈre afraid of losing face by giving wrong answers." To encourage students to raise their hands in class, Hu suggests that teachers should repeat the question, and try to encourage students to offer their answers. Hu also advises students not to be shy, but to be brave enough to try. Sun Pin, 16, always raises her hand as soon as she comes up with the answer, even if she isnˈt sure she has gotten it right. Sun canˈt understand why some of her classmates keep silent in class. She enjoys raising her hand a lot. "It keeps me active and confident to express my ideas," Sun said. "Raising my hand has really made me excellent." 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. What situation is very common at middle schools according to the text? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. How many students in Wangˈs class would like to raise their hands to answer questions in class? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What does Hu advise teachers to do? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. What will Sun Pin probably do if she isnˈt sure about her answer? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Will you raise your hand in class? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Some students never raise their hands in class. 【小题2】Only six or seven students. 【小题3】Hu suggests that teachers should repeat the question, and try to encourage students to offer their answers. 【小题4】She will (still) raise her hand. 【小题5】Yes, I will. Because it keeps me active and confident to express my ideas. 【解析】 1.根据“When the teacher asks a question in class, Wang Xiaobin never raises his hand and this situation is very common at middle schools.”可知答案。 2. 根据“Wang said only six or seven students in his class raised their hands when a question was asked.”可知，当老师提问时，班上只有六七个学生举手。 3. 根据“Hu suggests that teachers should repeat the question, and try to encourage students to offer their answers”可知答案。 4. 根据“Sun Pin, 16, always raises her hand…even if she isnˈt sure she has gotten it right.”可知答案。 5. 答案不唯一，合理即可。  Passage 5 Nobody wants to lose, but we must accept that losing is a part of life. After all, we can't win all the time. So we must know how to be a good loser. We must not be afraid of losing. When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it. Edison failed about 1,600 times before he improved the light bulb (灯泡). In history, many men and women failed many times, but they got success at last. Losing is not very disgraceful (丢脸的). We must accept our failure and learn to make use of it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take action to walk out of it. When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve. If someone else can help, we'll be lucky enough. This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future. We should face our failure when we lose. There is only one winner in every competition. Some win, while some lose. That is a usual way of life. If we offer the winners our congratulations (祝贺) and share their happiness, we won't feel sorry for our failure. In a word, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful (痛苦的) at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Good losers set examples to us, and most importantly, they finally win. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. What should we do when we lose according to Paragraph 2? ___________________________________________ 2. Who improved the light bulb? ___________________________________________ 3. What does the writer advise the losers to do after a competition? ___________________________________________ 4. What will help us to succeed in life according to this passage? ___________________________________________ 5. Are you a good loser in life? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】We should just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it. 【小题2】Edison. 【小题3】Offer the winners their congratulations and share the winners' happiness. /They should face their failure bravely/properly/correctly. 【小题4】Being a good loser. 【小题5】Yes. Because I can face my failure well. /No. Because I can't accept my failure. 【解析】 1. 根据“When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it.”可知答案。 2. 由“Edison failed about 1,600 times before he improved the light bulb.”可知答案。 3. 根据“We should face our failure when we lose.”和“If we offer the winners our congratulations and share their happiness, we won't feel sorry for our failure.”可知答案。 4. 由文章最后一段第一句可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。   话题2 做人与做事 Passage 1 Studying in groups is helpful to our study. It becomes popular in class and has many good sides. For example, we can not only save time but also encourage each other when we study in groups. I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard time with it. Once in class, the teacher asked us to discuss questions with each other, but I could not do it because I was very shy. My physics teacher encouraged me to be brave and talk with others. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understand any questions, they could give me some suggestions and I could quickly find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that I felt very relaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. Finally, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How excited I was! Because of studying in groups, I am not worried about learning physics any more. With my classmatesˈ help, I get more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways. So letˈs study more in groups. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 1. How was the writerˈs physics when he was in Grade 8? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Could the writer discuss questions with others at first? Why? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What did the writerˈs physics teacher encourage him to do in class? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. How did the writer feel after finishing his homework by himself? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you like studying in groups? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】His physics was very poor. 【小题2】No, he couldnˈt. Because he was very shy. 【小题3】To be brave and talk with others. 【小题4】Excited. 【小题5】Yes. Because it can give me more chances to improve myself in many ways. 【解析】 1. 根据“I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor.”可知答案。 2. 根据“Once in class, the teacher asked us to discuss questions with each other but I could not do it because I was very shy.”可知，老师让学生们在课堂上互相讨论问题，但因为害羞，作者一开始没法按老师的话做。 3. 根据“My physics teacher encouraged me to be brave and talk with others.”可知，物理老师鼓励作者要勇敢，和他人交谈。 4. 根据“Finally, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How excited I was!”可知，作者第一次自己完成作业后，感到很兴奋。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理即可。 Passage 2 As a language learner, you are not alone. About 1.2 billion people are learning a foreign language. However, not all of them enjoy success. We talked to hundreds of successful language learners. They shared some of their habits (习惯) with us. One key to long-term success is working towards the goal all the time. Most successful language learners make sure they spend a few minutes practicing every day. Some language learners practice their language only in class. In the long run, they improved less than those who practice daily. The second habit of successful language learners is that they don't study too much and too long at a time. Instead, they study for a short period each time. And then after a break, they continue. Over a longer time, they make progress. Some language learners always want to learn as much new material (材料) as they can. But review (复习) also plays an important role in learning. Do you still remember all the English words and expressions you learned last year? Successful language learners review the old material. Going over lessons turns the short-term memory (记忆) into the long term one. Are you having a hard time improving your English? Then you may try to develop these three habits. Don't worry if it takes time. Learning a second language well should take time! 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) How many people are learning a foreign language according to the passage? ___________________________________________ (2) Why do successful learners review the old material? ___________________________________________ (3) Do successful language learners learn for a long time each time? ___________________________________________ (4) How can a language learner improve? (List one example) ___________________________________________ (5) What do you think of the three habits? What other good habits of learning English do you have? (Write 30 words or more.) ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】About 1.2 billion people are learning a foreign language. 【小题2】Because going over lessons turns the short-term memory into the long-term one. 【小题3】No, they don't. 【小题4】By working towards the goal all the time. /By not studying too much or too long at a time. /By reviewing the old material. 【小题5】I think the three habits are essential for language learning as they promote consistency, prevent burnout, and solidify knowledge. Additionally, I find that talking with native speakers and using language apps also help my learning. 【解析】 1. 根据第一段的“About 1.2 billion people are learning a foreign language.”可知答案。 2. 根据第四段的“Successful language learners review the old material. Going over lessons turns the short-term memory into the long-term one.”可知，成功的语言学习者会复习旧材料是因为复习课程可以将短期记忆变成长期记忆。 3. 根据第三段的they study for a short period each time可知此处应作否定回答。 4. 根据“One key to long-term success is working towards the goal all the time.”“The second habit of successful language learners is that they don't study too much and too long at a time.”及“Successful language learners review the old material.”可知答案（回答其中一种即可）。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 3.Mark is now studying computer science at Tsinghua University. In his second year studying at Yali High School in Changsha, he was pre-admitted (保送) to Tsinghua University. As a student, you might be interested in how he learns. Passage 3 "I like to connect every idea in my textbook with a real-life situation. Instead of just remembering facts, I like understanding the knowledge (知识) deeply and thinking about how to apply it in real life. Sometimes, I even do experiments (实验) to test it out," Mark introduced his way of learning. During his 3 years at Yali Experimental Middle School, he had always been practicing his way of learning. "For example, when studying the law of refraction (折射定律) in physics class in Grade 8, most students just remembered the formula (公式). But I thought about how it worked in a swimming pool. After school, I watched how a stick looked bent (弯曲) when I put it into the pool. By learning in this way, I didnˈt just keep the law in mind. I understood it deeply. This made learning more interesting for me." This way of learning not only helps Mark understand things better but also develops his skills. Mark has also developed a habit of watching things around him. This helps build a strong base for his future learning. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) Where is Mark studying now? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Does Mark do experiments to test things he learns? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) How long has Mark studied at Yali Experimental Middle School? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What habit has Mark developed from his way of learning? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) What do you think of Markˈs way of learning? Why? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】At Tsinghua University. 【小题2】Yes./Yes, he does. 【小题3】For 3 years. 【小题4】He has developed a habit of watching things around him./Watching things around him. 【小题5】Creative./Special./Interesting./Helpful./Good./This way of learning not only helps him understand things better but also develops his skills./It helps build a strong base for his future learning. 【解析】 1. 根据“Mark is now studying computer science at Tsinghua University.”可知答案。 2. 根据“Instead of just remembering facts, I like understanding the knowledge deeply and thinking about how to apply it in real life. Sometimes, I even do experiments to test it out.”可知答案。 3. 根据“During his 3 years at Yali Experimental Middle School, he had always been practicing his way of learning.”可知答案。 4. 根据“Mark has also developed a habit of watching things around him.”可知答案。 5. 答案不唯一，合理即可。 Passage 4 When it comes to letting children do housework, there are some different ideas. Many parents donˈt let their kids do housework. They just let the kids be kids to enjoy plenty of playtime while theyˈre still young. Some may let the kids finish the housework as quickly as possible. There are many important reasons why children should help out around the house. Theyˈre young now, but they wonˈt be kids all the time! Washing clothes and cooking are just some of the skills that kids will need when they finally move out. These are also things that schools do not fully teach, so learning them at home is even more important. Children can become an understanding member of a team through housework. If members of the "family team" help each other, the family members will get closer to each other. So the idea of sharing and fairness is very important. Learning these lessons at home helps kids know about the spirit of teamwork (团队合作) and put it into use at school or at work. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) What donˈt many parents let their kids do when they are young? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What can children become through housework? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) Why should kids learn skills like washing clothes? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What will the family be like if every member shares the housework? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like doing housework? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Housework. 【小题2】Children can become an understanding member of a team. 【小题3】Because they will need some of the skills when they finally move out. 【小题4】The family members will get closer to each other. 【小题5】Yes, I like doing housework because I can learn a lot of life skills from it. 【解析】 1. 根据“Many parents donˈ t let their kids do housework.”可知，许多父母不让孩子做家务。 2. 根据“Children can become an understanding member of a team through housework.”可知，孩子们可以通过家务成为团队中善解人意的一员。 3. 根据“Washing clothes and cooking are just some of the skills that kids will need when they finally move out.”可知，洗衣服和做饭是孩子们最终搬出去时需要的一些技能。 4. 根据“If members of the ˈfamily teamˈ help each other, the family members will get closer to each other.”可知，如果“家庭团队”的成员互相帮助，家庭成员就会变得更加亲密。 5. 开放性试题，答案合理即可。 Passage 5 No. 5 Middle School asked the students to take part in a survey. The question was "What is your dream job?" There were 500 students taking part in the survey. Here are the results. The teachers may feel bad to know that only 5% of the students hope to teach in the future. But they will still try their best to help the students make their dreams come true. And here is the teachers' advice. First, you should understand yourself. What do you like to do? Then, think about what is more important to you, money or happiness? There's no right or wrong answer, so be honest with yourself. Finally, before you try to get your dream job, you should study hard and make yourself better and better.  阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) What do the most students want to be according to the survey? ___________________________________________ (2) How many students want to be doctors? ___________________________________________ (3) Why may the teachers feel bad? ___________________________________________ (4) What should the students do before getting their dream jobs according to the last paragraph? ___________________________________________ (5) What is your dream job? How are you going to do that? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Movie stars. 【小题2】Seventy/70. 【小题3】Because only 5% of the students hope to teach in the future. 【小题4】They should study hard and make themselves better and better. 【小题5】I want to be a reporter. I'm going to learn how to communicate with others. 【解析】 1. 根据图中的Movie star 35%以及其他职业所占的百分比可知，想要成为电影明星的学生最多。 2. 根据“There were 500 students taking part in the survey.”以及图中的Doctor 14%可知，有70名学生想要成为医生。 3.  根据“The teachers may feel bad to know that only 5% of the students hope to teach in the future.”可知答案。 4. 根据“Finally, before you try to get your dream job, you should study hard and make yourself better and better.”可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。   话题3 历史社会与文化 Passage 1 The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese festival. It is on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. People usually get together with their family and have a big dinner on this day. The most important activity during the Mid-Autumn Festival is moon-watching. People believe that the moon is the fullest and brightest on this night. They also like to eat mooncakes while watching the moon. Mooncakes are a kind of traditional Chinese pastry (点心) with different fillings (馅), such as lotus seed paste, red bean paste, and egg yolk (蛋黄). In addition to moon-watching and eating mooncakes, there are also other interesting activities. Some people like to light lanterns. The lanterns are in different shapes and colors, making the night very beautiful. There are also dragon and lion dances in some places. These traditional performances add a lot of fun to the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family reunions and celebrations. It is a festival full of warmth and happiness. People express their love and best wishes on this special day. 根据短文内容回答问题。 (1) When is the Mid-Autumn Festival? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What do people usually do at the Mid-Autumn Festival? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What is the most important activity during the Mid-Autumn Festival? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What are mooncakes? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like the Mid-Autumn Festival? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】It is on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. 【小题2】People usually get together with their family and have a big dinner. They also watch the moon and eat mooncakes. 【小题3】Moon-watching. 【小题4】Mooncakes are a kind of traditional Chinese pastry with different fillings. 【小题5】Yes, I do. Because I can get together with my family and have a big dinner on this day. And my birthday is also on this day. 开放性试题，言之有理即可。 【解析】 1. 根据“The Mid-Autumn Festival…is on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.”可知，中秋节在农历的八月十五。 2. 根据“People usually get together with their family and have a big dinner on this day.”“The most important activity during the Mid-Autumn Festival is moon-watching.”和“They also like to eat mooncakes”可知答案。 3. 根据“The most important activity during the Mid-Autumn Festival is moon-watching.”可知答案。 4. 根据第二段最后一句话可知答案。 5. 略 Passage 2 There are many holidays and festivals, such as the Spring Festival, May Day, National Day, and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Mums have Motherˈs Day. Dads have Fatherˈs Day. Children have Childrenˈs Day. Is there a special day for old people? The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for old people in China. It started long ago. This year, it is in October. On this day, young people show love to the old people. People do many different kinds of things on this day. They enjoy flowers, eat special cakes and drink wine. Itˈs very interesting. The best way to celebrate is to climb hills or mountains. People think that climbing will bring them good luck and help old people live long lives. The Double Ninth Festival is also a good time for a family reunion. And young people give presents and their best wishes to the old. (1) Who is the Double Ninth Festival for in China? ______________________________________________________________________________ (2) When is the Double Ninth Festival this year? ______________________________________________________________________________ (3) Whatˈs the best way to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival? ______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Why do people like climbing hills on the Double Ninth Festival? ______________________________________________________________________________ (5) How will you show love to your grandparents at the Double Ninth Festival? ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Old people./The old. 【小题2】In October. 【小题3】To climb hills or mountains. 【小题4】Because people think that climbing will bring them good luck and help old people live long lives. 【小题5】I will give them presents and my best wishes./I will climb hills with them. 开放性试题，合理即可。 【解析】 1. 根据“The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for old people in China.”可知，重阳节在中国是老人的节日。 2. 根据“This year, it is in October.”可知，今年的重阳节在十月。 3. 根据“The best way to celebrate is to climb hills or mountains.”可知，最好的庆祝方式是爬山。 4. 根据最后一段第一句话可知答案。 5. 略 Passage 3 Zhangjiajie National Forest Park lies in Hunan Province, China. It is really an amazing natural wonder. The park is well-known for its special sandstone peak forest. There are many tall sandstone pillars (柱子) in the park. Some of them are so high, reaching up to hundreds of meters. They stand up from the ground just like big guards. With many green plants growing on them, these pillars look like huge swords cutting into the sky. When the sun shines on them, they look even more beautiful. Besides these cool sandstone pillars, there are also clear and clean streams running through the valleys. The valleys are deep and quiet, waiting for people to find them. You can also see many different kinds of animals here, like lovely birds flying in the trees and small animals running around. The air here is so fresh and full of the nice smell of nature. Every year, a large number of tourists from all over the world come here to enjoy its great beauty. (1) Where is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park located? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What makes the sandstone pillars in the park look like huge swords?_ ______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What natural elements can be found in the park? (List two of them.) _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Why do many tourists come to the park every year? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) If you visit this park, what is the most unforgettable experience you might have? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】It is located in Hunan Province, China. 【小题2】Many green plants growing on them make the sandstone pillars look like huge swords. 【小题3】Sandstone pillars, clear and clean streams, valleys, different kinds of animals and fresh air can be found in the park. 【小题4】Because they come to enjoy its great beauty. 【小题5】Seeing the magnificent sandstone pillars in the early morning sunlight, or listening to the birds singing in the forest. 【解析】 1. 根据“Zhangjiajie National Forest Park lies in Hunan Province, China.”可知答案。 2. 根据“With many green plants growing on them, these pillars look like huge swords cutting into the sky.”可知，是石柱上生长的许多绿色植物让它们看起来像巨剑。 3. 文章第二段介绍了公园以其特殊的砂岩峰林闻名，有许多高大的砂岩柱子；第三段提到了有清澈干净的溪流流经山谷，山谷又深又静，还有许多不同种类的动物，以及清新的空气。（列举出两个即可） 4. 根据文章最后一句“Every year, a large number of tourists from all over the world come here to enjoy its great beauty.”可知，许多游客每年来张家界国家森林公园是为了欣赏它的美景。 5. 答案不唯一，合理即可。 Passage 4 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. It is just after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. It is about 6,300 kilometers long. It starts from the Tanggula Range and runs through many regions including Qinghai, Xizang, Sichuan, Yunnan, and so on. Finally it runs into the ocean. Throughout the long history of ancient China, this river helped feed millions of people and develop amazing culture. Important cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing are located along the river. However, the Yangtze River also faces some problems. In the past, the water in it was clean but now it is dirty. A lot of fish died because of water pollution. Luckily, people realized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River. A program was set up in 1989 to protect the water and land around the river. It was successful because it helped improve the environment. The other program is about endangered animals. It helps protect white-flag dolphins, one of the rarest animals in the world. The number of white-flag dolphins in China dropped because of the pollution in the Yangtze River. So far, weˈve made some achievements. However, we still have a long way to go to protect the great river. Letˈs work together to help our "Mother River" become as clean as it used to be. (1) What is the longest river in the world? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) How long is the Yangtze River? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What did the Yangtze River do for ancient China? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Whatˈs the purpose of the program set up in 1989? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) What can you do to protect the river? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】The Nile. 【小题2】It is about 6,300 kilometers long. 【小题3】It helped feed millions of people and develop amazing culture. 【小题4】To protect the water and land around the river. 【小题5】Put rubbish in the right place. 【解析】 1. 根据“The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. It is just after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America.”可知，长江仅次于非洲的尼罗河和南美洲的亚马孙河，所以世界上最长的河流是非洲的尼罗河。 2. 根据“It is about 6,300 kilometers long.”可知，它长约 6,300千米。 3. 根据“Throughout the long history of ancient China, this river helped feed millions of people and develop amazing culture.”可知答案。 4. 根据“A program was set up in 1989 to protect the water and land around the river.”可知，1989年的这项计划是为了保护长江周围的水域和土地。 5. 开放性试题，答案合理即可。 Passage 5 You may have no idea about how amazing our motherland is. With a history of more than 5,000 years, China has always been a great land to foreigners. In 2008, a documentary (纪录片) called Wild China was screened in the UK before the 2008 Beijing Olympics. There are six episodes in all—"The Heart of Dragon", "Shangri-La", "Xizang", "Beyond the Great Wall", "Land of Panda" and "Tides of Change". This 300-minute-long documentary surprised the audience with China's beautiful scenery. Wild China may be the best documentary of China. You can see the beautiful Himalayas and the Gobi desert. Besides, you can take a look at the hills of Southern China filled with rice fields and the land of the panda. Also, you can gain some knowledge about how silk is collected and the history of the Silk Road. It is interesting to see what our motherland looks like from foreigners' eyes. If you are too busy to travel around China, you are in luck because Wild China can take you on a journey of our motherland and see our amazingly different types of landscapes. (1) When wasWild China shown in the UK? ___________________________________________ (2) How many episodes are there in the documentaryWild China? ___________________________________________ (3) How long will it take you to watchWild China? ___________________________________________ (4) Which English word means "获得" in Passage 2? ___________________________________________ (5) If you are free, do you want to watchWild China? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】It was shown in the UK in 2008. 【小题2】Six/6. 【小题3】It will take me 300 minutes. 【小题4】It's "gain". 【小题5】Yes, I do. Because I want to know more about our country. 【解析】 1. 根据第一段的“In 2008, a documentary called Wild China was screened in the UK before the 2008 Beijing Olympics.”可知，《美丽中国》是2008年在英国播出的。 2. 根据第一段的“There are six episodes in all…”可知这部纪录片有六集。 3. 根据第一段的“This 300-minute-long documentary surprised the audience with China's beautiful scenery.”可知，这部纪录片长达300分钟。 4. 根据第二段的“Also, you can gain some knowledge about how silk is collected and the history of the Silk Road.”可知，此处指看此部纪录片的收获——获得一些知识等，由此推知gain表示“获得”。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。   话题4 志愿服务与公共服务 Passage 1   Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow their lawns (修剪草坪). For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. (1) Where do the high school and college students often volunteer in the United States? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Which organization is for boys without fathers? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What do college students and other men do for the boys without fathers? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Who do the volunteers believe are the happiest people? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】In hospitals, orphanages, or homes for the aged. 【小题2】Big Brothers. 【小题3】They take the boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them know things the boys usually learn from their fathers. 【小题4】Those who help to bring happiness to others. 【小题5】Yes, I want to be a volunteer because helping others is fulfilling and brings happiness to both the giver and receiver./No, I do not want to be a volunteer because I prefer to contribute in other ways. 【解析】 1. 根据第一段中“…spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or homes for the aged.”可知，美国的一些高中生和大学生经常花很多时间在医院、孤儿院或敬老院当志愿者。 2. 根据第二段中“For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers.”可知，Big Brothers这个组织是为没有父亲的男孩设立的。 3. 根据第二段中“College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.”可知，大学生和其他男士带这些男孩去看棒球比赛或钓鱼，帮助他们了解男孩通常该从父亲那里学到的东西。 4. 根据“Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.”可知，世界上最幸福的人是那些帮助他人带来幸福的人。 5. 本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。 Passage 2 Jiang Danni is a volunteer from East China. She has ever volunteered in schools in Lebanon (黎巴嫩) and countries in Africa. Her videos about her experience have drawn many peopleˈs attention. After graduating (毕业) from university in 2020, Danni chose to work in Africa for a year and then she traveled to other countries. Then she worked in a primary school in Uganda. She taught children from Grade One to Grade Four. Danni set up different kinds of classes for her students, including labour, cooking and crafts (手工艺). In 2022, Danni arrived in Lebanon in Asia and became a volunteer teacher at a school. This time she taught arts and crafts to her students. She taught them how to make paper cuttings (剪纸) and paper ice-cream in class. Her students all worked hard and enjoyed the creative activities. Danni got on very well with her students. Every time Danni arrived at the school, they would run to give her a hug or small gifts such as candy. And after school, they would invite her to their homes. "I enjoyed spending beautiful moments (美好的时光) with them. Their smiling faces gave me energy and encouraged me to do more volunteer work in different places," Danni said. 阅读短文，回答问题。 (1) Where has Jiang Danni ever volunteered in Lebanon and countries in Africa? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What did Jiang Danni teach her students in class at a school in Lebanon? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) When did Jiang Danni graduate from university? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) How did Jiang Danni get on with her students? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like doing volunteer work? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】In schools. 【小题2】How to make paper cuttings and paper ice-cream. 【小题3】In 2020. 【小题4】She got on very well with her students. 【小题5】Yes, I do. Because it can bring me beautiful moments./Yes, I do. Because I can help others./ No, I donˈt. Because I think it is a waste of time. 【解析】 1. 根据“She has ever volunteered in schools in Lebanon and countries in Africa.”可知，她曾在黎巴嫩和非洲国家的学校做过志愿者。 2. 根据“She taught them how to make paper cuttings and paper ice-cream in class.”可知，她在课堂上教他们如何制作剪纸和纸冰激凌。 3. 根据“After graduating from university in 2020”可知，蒋丹妮是2020年大学毕业的。 4. 根据“Danni got on very well with her students.”可知，蒋丹妮和她的学生相处得非常好。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理即可。 Passage 3 If you have no special plans for your holidays, why not spend your time helping others? More and more people volunteer to spend their school holidays working for others. Here are some of their plans. Jenny Hamilton, 15 I'm going to help the Forest Centre build new roads in the mountains. I'll spend the whole summer living in the tent and breathing the clean and fresh air. I feel excited about the volunteering work. Jason Moore, 18 This summer, I'm going to volunteer with Special House Program. People there build good, low-cost (低成本的) houses and sell them to families that are not very rich. They'll teach me what to do, so I'll help people and I can learn how to build houses. Lisa Anderson, 16 I'll work for a program called Reading for Life. Every day, I'm going to help kids choose and read books that they like. I want to be a teacher because I love children and reading. So this is going to be a great experience for me. (1) Where will Jenny live during the volunteering work? ___________________________________________ (2) How does Jenny feel about her volunteering work? ___________________________________________ (3) What can Jason learn from Special House Program? ___________________________________________ (4) Why does Lisa want to be a teacher? ___________________________________________ (5) Do you like to do some volunteering work? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】In the tent. 【小题2】Excited. 【小题3】How to build houses. 【小题4】Because she loves children and reading. 【小题5】Yes, I do. Because I can help others and learn something new from the volunteering work. 【解析】 1. 根据“Jenny Hamilton, 15”及I'll spend the whole summer living in the tent可知答案。 2. 根据“Jenny Hamilton, 15”及“I feel excited about the volunteering work.”可知答案。 3. 根据“Jason Moore, 18”及“They'll teach me what to do, so I'll help people and I can learn how to build houses.”可知答案。 4. 根据“Lisa Anderson, 16”及“I want to be a teacher because I love children and reading.”可知，莉萨想成为老师是因为她喜欢孩子和阅读。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 Passage 4 Volunteers Wanted—Come Here and Work as Volunteers We give a lot of chances (机会) to people who want to volunteer. In order to help poor people, homeless people, children and the elderly, we need you! We welcome volunteers from all parts of the world. Teachers, students, doctors, office workers and anyone else who is interested in helping others are invited. We need volunteers to help in the following ways: ⊙Hospital—Visit sick children in the hospital. Let them be happy. ⊙Supermarket—Help hand out leaflets (传单) or put up signs. ⊙After-school Program—Help children with their schoolwork in an after-school program. You'd better have teaching experience. ⊙Teaching English—For schools, libraries, women groups, and the elderly. ⊙Green Club—Save our environment! You can plant trees, for example. ⊙Repairing—Help repair radios, televisions, computers or other things that are broken. Please call us at 8500-6099 or email us at ficcdat@yahoo. com or visit our website http://www. ficcdat. cna. (1) Who do the volunteers help according to the passage? ___________________________________________ (2) Do they only need teachers and students to be volunteers? ___________________________________________ (3) Where can the volunteers help sick children? ___________________________________________ (4) What should the volunteers do in supermarkets? ___________________________________________ (5) Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Poor people, homeless people, children and the elderly. 【小题2】No (, they don't).  【小题3】In the hospital. 【小题4】Hand out leaflets or put up signs. 【小题5】Yes, because I will feel proud if I help others. 【解析】 1. 根据“In order to help poor people, homeless people, children and the elderly, we need you!”可知答案。 2. 根据“Teachers, students, doctors, office workers and anyone else who is interested in helping others are invited.”可知此处作否定回答。 3. 根据“Hospital—Visit sick children in the hospital. Let them be happy.”可知，志愿者们在医院帮助生病的孩子们。 4. 根据“Supermarket—Help hand out leaflets or put up signs.”可知，在超市做志愿者需要帮忙分发传单或张贴标志。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 Passage 5 In 2024, every Saturday morning, 9-year-old Zhang Shucheng went to Gansu Provincial Museum with his mother. Zhang went there not as a visitor but as a guide. He had worked there for more than one year, with some of his friends who had the same interest. Zhang shared (分享) the interesting stories behind the exhibits (展品) with visitors for about half an hour. Many visitors were surprised at the boy. To explain (解释) well, Zhang learned more about the exhibits. Also, he learned from teachers there. In fact, Zhang's mother started to help him when he was only two years old. She bought him picture books and read with him. "At first, I told him stories, and he would imitate (模仿) me," she said. Then, Zhang's mother bought him more books about geography and history. Thanks to her, Zhang could do his job excellently. Zhang enjoyed working as a guide at the museum. "It's fun to tell visitors what I've learned. I wanted to keep doing these things," he said. (1) How often did Zhang go to Gansu Provincial Museum? ___________________________________________ (2) Was Zhang a visitor to the museum? ___________________________________________ (3) What did Zhang do to explain well? ___________________________________________ (4) How did Zhang's mother help him when he was a little boy? ___________________________________________ (5) What do you think of Zhang's job? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Once a week. /Every Saturday morning. 【小题2】No (, he wasn't). 【小题3】He learned more about the exhibits and learned from teachers there. 【小题4】By buying him picture books and reading with him. 【小题5】I think it's very interesting. 【解析】 1. 根据“In 2024, every Saturday morning, 9-year old Zhang Shucheng went to Gansu Provincial Museum with his mother.”可知答案。 2. 根据“Zhang went there not as a visitor but as a guide.”可知，此处作否定回答。 3. 根据“To explain well, Zhang learned more about the exhibits. Also, he learned from teachers there.”可知，他更多地了解展品，并向那里的老师学习。 4. 根据“She bought him picture books and read with him.”可知，他的妈妈给他买图画书，并和他一起读书。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 话题5 环保意识与行为 Passage 1 To protect the environment, China has imposed a ban (禁令) on thin plastic bags (plastic bags thinner than 0.025 mm). From June 1, 2008, China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags. Plastic bags can cause "white pollution", because they can take hundreds of years to break down. They pollute the soil and water. Plastic bags also cause a serious danger to animals, because animals often mistake plastic bags for food. Tens of thousands of them die each year after eating plastic bags. So what kind of bags will be the best to use when we are shopping? Recently some students made their own shopping bags. Most of the students used old clothes to make their bags. They painted pictures like the Olympic rings on them. But Li Mei had a more traditional way to make her bag. She wove (编织) a bamboo basket. It was not an easy job. With her grandfatherˈs help, Li Mei spent a whole afternoon making it. What can we do? Refuse plastic bags and persuade (说服) people to use environmentally friendly shopping bags instead of plastic ones. Try to recycle the ones we have. 阅读短文，回答下列问题。 (1) When did China stop the production, sale and use of thin plastic bags? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Why do plastic bags cause a serious danger to animals? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What did most of the students use to make their shopping bags? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What should you do to protect the environment according to the passage? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) Do you like Li Meiˈs way to make her bag? Why or why not? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Since June 1, 2008. 【小题2】Because animals often mistake plastic bags for food. 【小题3】Old clothes. 【小题4】We should refuse plastic bags./We should persuade people to use environmentally friendly shopping bags instead of plastic ones./We should try to recycle the plastic bags we have. 【小题5】Yes, I do. Because it is a traditional way. 【解析】 1. 根据“From June 1, 2008, China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags.”可知答案。 2. 根据“Plastic bags also cause a serious danger to animals, because animals often mistake plastic bags for food.”可知，因为动物经常把塑料袋误认为是食物。 3. 根据“Most of the students used old clothes to make their bags.”可知，大多数学生都用旧衣服做购物袋。 4. 根据最后一段可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，答案合理即可。 Passage 2 My father is quiet most of the time. There is one thing that gets him excited. Just say the word "garbage" to him! Or I should say, he is very interested in dealing with the garbage problem. Last year, my father decided to do something about all the wasted food we threw away. Each family wastes a large amount of food yearly—nearly 0.25 ton. We usually throw away the unfinished rice, dishes, and so on. However, there is something we can do to deal with it. If we properly deal with food waste, it can be changed into compost (堆肥). This compost can be added to vegetable gardens to make the plants grow really well. To deal with food waste in my family, my father came up with a good idea: Instead of throwing away all our food waste, we put it into the compost bin (箱). Mother Nature will slowly turn it from garbage into a useful tool. Three months later, we were surprised to find that it was full of rich compost material (材料)! Next time you eat outside, just order what you need. Similarly, just make what you need at home when cooking. This also helps to avoid wasting food. Do you have any other ideas? Think about it. (1) What is the writerˈs father really interested in? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) How much food waste does each family make yearly? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) What can food waste be changed into according to Paragraph 3? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) What was the fatherˈs idea to deal with food waste? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) In your daily life, what can you do to reduce food waste? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】He is very interested in dealing with the garbage problem. 【小题2】Nearly 0.25 ton. 【小题3】It can be changed into compost. 【小题4】Putting food waste into the compost bin. 【小题5】I can plan meals carefully and shop wisely. 【解析】 1. 根据“Or I should say, he is very interested in dealing with the garbage problem.”可知，作者的父亲对处理垃圾很感兴趣。 2. 根据“Each family wastes a large amount of food yearly—nearly 0.25 ton.”可知，每家每户每年造成近0.25吨食物浪费。 3. 根据“If we properly deal with food waste, it can be changed into compost.”可知，食物垃圾可以变成堆肥。 4. 根据“my father came up with a good idea: Instead of throwing away all our food waste, we put it into the compost bin.”可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，答案合理即可。 Passage 3 Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22nd. Most people believe that the Earth is worth protecting and that we need to play a part in it. We live on the Earth and we only have one Earth. Today Earth Day is celebrated in at least 192 countries around the world. We learn about ways to protect the environment on Earth Day. One powerful thing is recycling. Recycling is a way to reuse old things to make new things instead of throwing them away. It can help our planet by reducing a lot of waste. Now hereˈs a tip when we recycle things: we need to make sure the things are clean, dry and not messy. Another amazing way to help the Earth is saving electricity. The electricity is important. So when you save electricity, youˈre really helping out. There are many ways to save electricity, like turning off the lights when you leave a room or shutting off your TV and computer before you go out to play. And of course we can also help our planet by planting trees. Trees are important to the environment. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and release (释放) oxygen which is needed to breathe. Trees are good for our planet and good for us. Of course there are many other ways to protect the Earth. A few small actions can make a big difference. Take action right now! (1) When is Earth Day celebrated? _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) What is recycling? _______________________________________________________________________________ (3) How many ways of protecting the Earth are mentioned in the passage? _______________________________________________________________________________ (4) Why are trees important to the environment? _______________________________________________________________________________ (5) What other ways can you think of to protect the Earth? _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】On April 22nd. 【小题2】Recycling is a way to reuse old things to make new things instead of throwing them away. 【小题3】Three. 【小题4】Because they take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen which is needed to breathe. 【小题5】Reducing the use of fossil fuels. 【解析】 1. 根据“Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22d.”可知，地球日在每年的4月 22 日被庆祝。 2. 根据第二段第三句可知答案。 3. 根据“One powerful thing is recycling.”“Another amazing way to help the Earth is saving electricity.”和“And of course we can also help our planet by planting trees.”可知，文章提到了三种保护地球的方法。 4. 根据第二段倒数第二句可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，答案合理即可。 Passage 4 Nowadays many people want to have a more interesting experience when arriving in a new city or country. Here are some better ways to travel, both for you and for the environment. Way 1 Get out of the car and walk. It's slower but it's the greenest way to travel. It's also the best way to see a city but remember to wear comfortable shoes. You can walk slowly, enjoy fresh air and beautiful scenery (景色) along the way. Way 2 Riding a bicycle is also a good choice. Many hotels now have free bikes. You don't need to spend money on it. It is convenient for people to travel around the city. Some hotels even have free electric (电动的) bikes. They make it easier to go up hills and on longer trips. Some cities also have motorbikes, and you can pick up one easily. It's not free but very cheap. Way 3 If you have to take transportation in a city, try to take public transportation. Most cities now show lots of information and very clear maps about the public transportation on the city's website. So find them on the city's website when you arrive in a city. Way 4 If possible, take trains or ships to travel from city to city. They are usually greener than cars and planes. (1) What is the greenest way to travel? ___________________________________________ (2) Which kind of transportation is convenient for people to travel around the city? ___________________________________________ (3) What is a good choice if you have to take transportation in a city? ___________________________________________ (4) Where can you find the information about a city's public transportation? ___________________________________________ (5) What kind of transportation do you like? why? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Walking. 【小题2】Riding a bicycle. 【小题3】Try to take public transportation. /Public transportation. 【小题4】On the city's website. 【小题5】I like riding a bicycle. Because it's the greenest way. 【解析】 1. 根据“Get out of the car and walk. It's slower but it's the greenest way to travel.”可知，走路是最环保的旅行方式。 2. 根据“Riding a bicycle… is convenient for people to travel around the city.”可知，骑自行车是在城市旅行的方便的出行方式。 3. 根据“If you have to take transportation in a city, try to take public transportation.”可知答案。 4. 根据“Most cities now show lots of information and very clear maps about the public transportation on the city's website. So find them on the city's website when you arrive in a city.”可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 Passage 5 More and more people like bicycling. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Bikes can take you almost anywhere! Get on a bicycle and ride around your countryside. You can find something that you didn't notice all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can ride a bike to work and enjoy exercising at the same time. You don't even have to ride all the way. Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be put into a bag or a small box. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by visiting airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travellers. Health benefits (好处) of bicycling: ·It helps to prevent heart illnesses. ·Bicycling helps to control your weight. ·Bicycling can make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. (1) Why is bicycling popular today? ___________________________________________ (2) What can you do when you ride around your countryside? ___________________________________________ (3) What does the underlined word "Folding" mean in Chinese? ___________________________________________ (4) How can you take the folding bike to the plane? ___________________________________________ (5) Please write down two other pieces of benefits of bicycling. ___________________________________________ 【答案】 【小题1】Because it is fun, healthy and good for the environment. 【小题2】We can find something that we didn't notice all around us. 【小题3】可折叠的  【小题4】We can put it into a bag or a small box. 【小题5】It costs less than driving a car. It can avoid the traffic jam. 【解析】 1. 根据文章第一句及“It is fun, healthy and good for the environment.”可知，骑自行车受欢迎是因为它有趣、健康且对环境有益。 2. 根据“Get on a bicycle and ride around your countryside. You can find something that you didn't notice all around you.”可知答案。 3. 根据“Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you.”可推知画线词的中文意思是“可折叠的”。 4. 根据“You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be put into a bag or a small box.”可知答案。 5. 开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。   $