Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读还原10篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法词汇题型知识点练习（译林版2024）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读还原练习 单元话题：过去和现在，今昔对比，社会发展 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 How many cars are there in the world? There are about 400,000,000. And how many bikes are there? There are over 1,400,000,000! 1 Many cities in the world have done a lot to make bike riding easier. The US has Bike to Work Day in May every year. 2 Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, is the world’s most bike-friendly city. 3 When it’s snowy, people clear the snow on bicycle tracks first. The car lanes (车道) are next. In Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, people can rent a bike almost anywhere in the city. 4 Cars usually take up bicycle lanes (专用道), and bikers have to travel next to cars in car lanes. It is very dangerous. 5 For example, Hangzhou is famous for its cheap and convenient public bike rental network. And Xiamen has one of the most beautiful island-circling cycle tracks in China. A．Biking is a popular exercise today. B．But of course, there are some bike-friendly cities. C．However, biking is not that easy in many Chinese cities. D．During busy hours, traffic lights are always green for bike-riders. E．The day is to encourage (鼓励) people to ride bikes to work. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。 1 However, others may only see it once or twice a year. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. He has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job in a crayon factory, he doesn’t find much time to visit his hometown. “I used to return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost three years now. It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time,” he says. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 2 In many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help. “I noticed that’s true of my hometown,” adds Zhong Wei. “Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century. But now the buildings are really old. 3 Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change. “In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school. 4 Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree especially during the summer holidays. It was such a happy childhood. 5 A．It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place. B．I hear they’re going to build a new school there. C．Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts. D．Some people still live in their hometown. E．Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared. For many Chinese, Shenzhen is a land of opportunities. It is always on the list of top Chinese cities where people would like to work and live. However, 40 years ago, 1 . On Aug. 26, 1980, China decided to make Shenzhen the country’s first special economic zone（SEZ, 经济特区）. Everything has changed since then. During the past 40 years, Shenzhen has become a modern city. ◆Let’s see Shenzhen speed On Dec. 29, 1985, 2 , China’s tallest building at that time. The world was surprised at how fast it was built. It took only three days to build each new floor. This speed was known as “Shenzhen speed”. ◆Shenzhen is China’s “Silicon Valley”. In the 1990s, 3 . Many businesses that make electronic products（电子产品）, such as TV sets, computers and cellphones, came to Shenzhen. “In Shenzhen, if you have an idea, you can quickly find factories to make the product for you,” said Jasen Wang, CEO of a tech education startup（初创公司）. The city is home to many tech companies, including Huawei and Tencent. Young people go there to make their new ideas come true. ◆ 4 . According to economist（经济学家）Zhang Weiying, about 65 percent of people in Shenzhen were born or grew up elsewhere. Some like spicy（辣的）food, while others like sweet; some came from a poor village, while some came from another big city. 5 , as Chinese writer Yi Zhongtian wrote. No one feels like an outsider. Everyone there is a Shenzhener. 根据短文内容，从下面选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A．Shenzhen decided to make technology one of its main industries B．Shenzhen is China’s “melting pot” C．Shenzhen finished building the International Trade Center D．Shenzhen is a city that has no dialects（方言） E．Shenzhen was just a small fishing village 根据短文内容，从文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many people in the world are living a very fast life. 1 No time to stop People in cities around the world walk 10 percent more quickly than they did twenty years ago. 2 No time to wait People aren’t as patient (有耐心的) as they were in the past. If it takes more than five minutes for a bus to arrive, they become very impatient. They think they don’t have any time to wait. No time to write Written communication (交流) on the Internet is getting shorter and shorter. People now use more and more simple words, like BRB (be right back) or NP (no problem). 3 Even in their free time, people do things in a hurry. Twenty years ago when people went to art museums, they spent about one minute looking at each picture. But today they spend much less time. 4 The cars are faster, but the traffic (交通) is worse, so people drive more slowly. They spend more time than ever sitting in their cars, feeling worried that they aren’t going to arrive on time. No time for Snow White In the US, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for Children. 5 They are popular with those parents who are too busy to tell their children long stories. People are living faster, but are they living better? A．No time for Van Gogh (梵高). B．The stories in it are famous but short. C．They seem to be always in a hurry (匆忙). D．Singapore is at the top of the list for fast walkers. E．More time on the road. 阅读短文，从后面列举的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。 Every day, China’s high-speed trains (HSR) carry almost 2 million people. 1 . People think high-speed trains are more convenient than flights. Actually, you only need to arrive at the station 20 minutes before the train leaves instead of an hour or more. 2 . When you sit down in your seat, you can move your legs freely. 3 China is the country with the longest HSR lines in the world. By the end of last year, China had over 40,000 km of HSR which is about 70 percent of the world’s total. Over one hundred cities in China are now connected (链接) by high-speed railway. 4 . 5 . China’s Fuxing trains can run at a speed of 350 km/h on some HSR lines, such as Beijing-Tianjin, Chengdu-Chongqing lines. With shorter travel time, comfort, convenience, safety and punctuality (准时), HSR is really the pride of China. A．That saves you lots of time. B．It draws a lot of passengers to travel by plane. C．China also has the fastest railways in the world. D．And more high-speed railways will be built to connect more cities in China. E．In total, high-speed trains in China have carried more than 14 billion passengers. F．When you stand up and walk along the walkway, you won’t even feel you are traveling. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 What can you say about Shenzhen? Young, modern, exciting. 1 About forty years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village. Now everything has changed. “Shenzhen is a very open city. 2 I grew up here and want to stay here in the future. After all, Shenzhen has many great chances (机会). I want to find a job in a big company, 3 ” a student called Zeng Jingxian says. “Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances. 4 My parents came here when they were young. At first they sold paint (油漆). We lived together in the paint shop. Life was hard in the beginning. Now we have our factory and a big house,” says Li Jiayan, a teenager. “My parents are always busy. But their hard work encourages (鼓励) me. In Shenzhen, many people are just like my parents. 5 But through their hard work, they live a good life now.” Li Jiayan also says. A．As long as you work hard, you will make a good living. B．They started from nothing. C．People in Shenzhen come from all over China and the world. D．These all can be the right words. E．although it may be busy. F．They have made much money. 阅读短文，根据短文内容从下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文内容完整、意思连贯。    Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they have been around for years. 1 At that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels (燃料), so electric cars were more popular.    When gasoline prices dropped and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. 2 During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger, heavier and faster. They needed more fuel, and it caused more air pollution. For years, the car makers didn’t worry about pollution. 3 But when people began to realize that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked car makers to produce more efficient (高效能的) and less polluting cars.    One method of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car (混合动力车). 4 Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went down.     An all-electric car uses no gasoline. The problem, however, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged (再充电). 5 Many people are not pleased with it. The government and car makers are working together to develop safe, cheap and useful electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may disappear. A．That makes electric cars not so suitable for long journeys. B．Gasoline cars became more popular instead, because they could go farther without stopping. C．It is a kind of car that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. D．In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than gasoline (汽油) cars. E．They didn’t worry about how much gasoline cars used, either. F．The development of electric cars is amazing. 请阅读下面短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 When your great-grandparents were young, the world was very different. There were no high-tech produces （高科技产品）at that time. 1 So it took longer for people to know about what was going on in the world. 2 From the 1860s to 1870s, letters were carried by horse. 3 By the early 1900s, planes were used as a faster way to carry letters across the country and around the world. As time went by, new inventions（发明）made it easy to reach friends and family in a short time. 4 We can also take pictures with them. Computers have made some of the biggest changes in communication（交流）. 5 We can also chat with friends online. Although new technology helps us stay in touch with each other, many people still enjoy sending and getting letters. With so many ways to communicate, it’s easy to find your favorite way to stay in touch. A．We all like new technology. B．Long ago, people wrote letters to stay in touch. C．Then trains began to carry letters from city to city. D．People didn’t have things such as cellphones and computers. E．Now we can take the cellphones with us wherever we travel. F．The Internet helps send e-mail messages around the world in a short time. ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 In the countries all over the world, people are leaving the countryside (乡下) in large numbers to find jobs in the cities. They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city. 1 Services such as hospitals and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the countryside. They hope that their lives will improve when they move to the city. But in the big cities of Europe (欧洲) and America, people are moving out of the city. These are usually families who have some money, and want to live a quieter life. 2 And they are tired of the crowded (拥堵) streets, crowded trains and buses. They don’t want to sit in traffic an any more. They want a house with a garden, and clean air that isn’t polluted. So they move out. Some don’t go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities, and other people move to the real countryside with sheep and cows and green fields! 3 4 After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. They don’t make so much money and there isn’t much work to do. Country people are very different and aren’t always very friendly. As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. “It’s wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights,” they say. “ 5 ” A．We’ll never leave the countryside! B．I’m so glad that I’m back in the city! C．And often there isn’t much work there. D．They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city. E．Most old people prefer to stay in their hometown. F．There, they start new lives and try to make new friends. G．But not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy. It seems to me that families used to eat more meals together. 1 There’s often a TV nearby, or someone’s talking on a cell phone or texting during dinner. 2 We’d wait for everyone to get home, and then we’d all sit down together. During dinnertime conversation, everyone had a chance to talk. Back then, I was a little quiet, so my dad would often ask me to talk about my day. 3 Speaking of taking turns, all of us kids used to take part in either preparing the meal or cleaning up. Sometimes my mom would let me help her in the kitchen. 4 We’d always have fresh food—no fast food or take out. Now, I won’t pretend (假装) our mealtimes were completely perfect. We used to fight all the time, and sometimes kick each other under the table. 5 Nobody knew exactly what “or else” meant, but we didn’t want to risk finding out. These days, it seems like families have little time together, especially at mealtimes. However, I wonder if those families know what they’re missing. A．And it’s the same now. B．That’s how we learned to share and take turns. C．I’d wash and cut up vegetables, or things like that. D．My family always used to eat dinner together, no matter what. E．And nowadays it is quite different. F．Then our parents would step in, telling us to “get along or else!” G．Our parents are always angry with us. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读还原练习 单元话题：过去和现在，今昔对比，社会发展 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 How many cars are there in the world? There are about 400,000,000. And how many bikes are there? There are over 1,400,000,000! 1 Many cities in the world have done a lot to make bike riding easier. The US has Bike to Work Day in May every year. 2 Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, is the world’s most bike-friendly city. 3 When it’s snowy, people clear the snow on bicycle tracks first. The car lanes (车道) are next. In Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, people can rent a bike almost anywhere in the city. 4 Cars usually take up bicycle lanes (专用道), and bikers have to travel next to cars in car lanes. It is very dangerous. 5 For example, Hangzhou is famous for its cheap and convenient public bike rental network. And Xiamen has one of the most beautiful island-circling cycle tracks in China. A．Biking is a popular exercise today. B．But of course, there are some bike-friendly cities. C．However, biking is not that easy in many Chinese cities. D．During busy hours, traffic lights are always green for bike-riders. E．The day is to encourage (鼓励) people to ride bikes to work. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了全球汽车约4亿辆，自行车超14亿辆。多国推行骑行便利措施，但中国部分城市骑行仍困难。 1．根据“And how many bikes are there? There are over 1,400,000,000!”可知，有超过14亿的人骑自行车，因此骑自行车很流行，A项“骑自行车是当今流行的运动。”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据“The US has Bike to Work Day in May every year”可知，美国每年5月都有自行车上班日，此处介绍这一天的情况。E项“这一天是为了鼓励人们骑自行车上班。”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据“Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, is the world’s most bike-friendly city.”可知，此处介绍哥本哈根对骑行的支持，后句应补充具体措施，D项“在繁忙时间，交通信号灯总是为骑自行车的人绿灯。”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据“Cars usually take up bicycle lanes (专用道), and bikers have to travel next to cars in car lanes.”可知，汽车通常占用自行车道，骑自行车的人必须在汽车道上挨着汽车行驶，此处介绍骑自行车不容易的城市。C项“然而，在中国的许多城市，骑自行车并不那么容易。”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据“It is very dangerous.”可知，前文提到骑行车危险的情况，后面转折对骑自行车友好的城市。B项“当然，也有一些自行车友好型城市。”符合语境，故选B。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。 1 However, others may only see it once or twice a year. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. He has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job in a crayon factory, he doesn’t find much time to visit his hometown. “I used to return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost three years now. It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time,” he says. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 2 In many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help. “I noticed that’s true of my hometown,” adds Zhong Wei. “Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century. But now the buildings are really old. 3 Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change. “In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school. 4 Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree especially during the summer holidays. It was such a happy childhood. 5 A．It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place. B．I hear they’re going to build a new school there. C．Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts. D．Some people still live in their hometown. E．Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．C 【分析】本文主要介绍像钟伟一样在外打工者的家乡变化及他们对家乡的思念之情。 1．根据“However, others may only see it once or twice a year.”可知一些人只能看见家乡一到两次，故前一句应说的是一些人常住在家乡，能经常看到家乡。故选项D“一些人仍然住在他们的家乡”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据“In many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help.”可知这段讲的是家乡的一些新变化，故选项E“也许大的医院和新的马路已经出现了”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据“Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good”可知上一句应描述的是钟伟家乡的一些变化，故选项B“我听说他们将在那里建一座新的学校”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据“however, some things will never change”及“In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school”可知下句应讲的是家乡的老树没有变，选项A“它仍然在那里并已经变成这个地方的象征”符合语境，故选A。 5．这一空单独成段，可见应是总结上文。根据“Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree especially during the summer holidays. It was such a happy childhood.”可见家乡给钟伟留下了美好的记忆，选项C“我们的家乡在我们的心里留下了许多柔软的和甜美的回忆”符合语境，故选C。 For many Chinese, Shenzhen is a land of opportunities. It is always on the list of top Chinese cities where people would like to work and live. However, 40 years ago, 1 . On Aug. 26, 1980, China decided to make Shenzhen the country’s first special economic zone（SEZ, 经济特区）. Everything has changed since then. During the past 40 years, Shenzhen has become a modern city. ◆Let’s see Shenzhen speed On Dec. 29, 1985, 2 , China’s tallest building at that time. The world was surprised at how fast it was built. It took only three days to build each new floor. This speed was known as “Shenzhen speed”. ◆Shenzhen is China’s “Silicon Valley”. In the 1990s, 3 . Many businesses that make electronic products（电子产品）, such as TV sets, computers and cellphones, came to Shenzhen. “In Shenzhen, if you have an idea, you can quickly find factories to make the product for you,” said Jasen Wang, CEO of a tech education startup（初创公司）. The city is home to many tech companies, including Huawei and Tencent. Young people go there to make their new ideas come true. ◆ 4 . According to economist（经济学家）Zhang Weiying, about 65 percent of people in Shenzhen were born or grew up elsewhere. Some like spicy（辣的）food, while others like sweet; some came from a poor village, while some came from another big city. 5 , as Chinese writer Yi Zhongtian wrote. No one feels like an outsider. Everyone there is a Shenzhener. 根据短文内容，从下面选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 A．Shenzhen decided to make technology one of its main industries B．Shenzhen is China’s “melting pot” C．Shenzhen finished building the International Trade Center D．Shenzhen is a city that has no dialects（方言） E．Shenzhen was just a small fishing village 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【分析】本文主要介绍了深圳近40年的变化。 1．根据“However, 40 years ago”可知，此处介绍40年前深圳的情况，E选项“深圳只是一个小渔村”符合，故选E。 2．根据“China’s tallest building at that time”可知，此处介绍中国最高楼的情况，C选项“深圳国际贸易中心建成”符合，故选C。 3．根据“Many businesses that make electronic products”可知，此处应介绍与电子产品有关的内容，A选项“深圳决定将科技作为其主要产业之一”符合，故选A。 4．根据“about 65 percent of people in Shenzhen were born or grew up elsewhere”可知，在深圳外来人比较多，B选项“深圳是中国的‘大熔炉’”符合，故选B。 5．根据“some came from a poor village, while some came from another big city”可知，大家都来自不同的地方，所以在这没有地方方言，D选项“深圳是一个没有方言的城市”符合，故选D。 根据短文内容，从文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many people in the world are living a very fast life. 1 No time to stop People in cities around the world walk 10 percent more quickly than they did twenty years ago. 2 No time to wait People aren’t as patient (有耐心的) as they were in the past. If it takes more than five minutes for a bus to arrive, they become very impatient. They think they don’t have any time to wait. No time to write Written communication (交流) on the Internet is getting shorter and shorter. People now use more and more simple words, like BRB (be right back) or NP (no problem). 3 Even in their free time, people do things in a hurry. Twenty years ago when people went to art museums, they spent about one minute looking at each picture. But today they spend much less time. 4 The cars are faster, but the traffic (交通) is worse, so people drive more slowly. They spend more time than ever sitting in their cars, feeling worried that they aren’t going to arrive on time. No time for Snow White In the US, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for Children. 5 They are popular with those parents who are too busy to tell their children long stories. People are living faster, but are they living better? A．No time for Van Gogh (梵高). B．The stories in it are famous but short. C．They seem to be always in a hurry (匆忙). D．Singapore is at the top of the list for fast walkers. E．More time on the road. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．B 【分析】本文主要从六方面着手介绍了现今大多数人过着的快节奏的生活。 1．根据上文“Many people in the world are living a very fast life.”可知，许多人过着快节奏的生活，也就是说他们过得很匆忙，选项C“他们似乎总是匆匆忙忙的”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“People in cities around the world walk 10 percent more quickly than they did twenty years ago.”可知，此处提及人们走路较以前更快了，选项D“新加坡在‘快行者’排行榜上名列前茅”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据下文“Twenty years ago when people went to art museums, they spent about one minute looking at each picture. But today they spend much less time.”可知，对比20年前，现今的人们会花更少的时间在艺术博物馆看画，也就是说现在的人连欣赏艺术的时间都没有了，选项A“没时间看梵高了”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据下文“... so people drive more slowly. They spend more time than ever sitting in their cars…”可知，现今的人们因为驾驶得慢而需要坐在车座位上更久了，也就是说他们花更多时间在驾驶的路上了，选项E“更多的时间在路上”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据下文“They are popular with those parents who are too busy to tell their children long stories.”可知，不能讲长故事的父母就会选择这本书中的故事讲给孩子们听，由此可知这本书中的故事应该是短的，选项B“里面的故事很有名，但是很短”符合语境。故选B。 阅读短文，从后面列举的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。 Every day, China’s high-speed trains (HSR) carry almost 2 million people. 1 . People think high-speed trains are more convenient than flights. Actually, you only need to arrive at the station 20 minutes before the train leaves instead of an hour or more. 2 . When you sit down in your seat, you can move your legs freely. 3 China is the country with the longest HSR lines in the world. By the end of last year, China had over 40,000 km of HSR which is about 70 percent of the world’s total. Over one hundred cities in China are now connected (链接) by high-speed railway. 4 . 5 . China’s Fuxing trains can run at a speed of 350 km/h on some HSR lines, such as Beijing-Tianjin, Chengdu-Chongqing lines. With shorter travel time, comfort, convenience, safety and punctuality (准时), HSR is really the pride of China. A．That saves you lots of time. B．It draws a lot of passengers to travel by plane. C．China also has the fastest railways in the world. D．And more high-speed railways will be built to connect more cities in China. E．In total, high-speed trains in China have carried more than 14 billion passengers. F．When you stand up and walk along the walkway, you won’t even feel you are traveling. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的高铁。 1．根据上一句“Every day, China’s high-speed trains (HSR) carry almost 2 million people. ”可知，是在介绍中国高铁的运载量。E选项“总计，中国高铁已经运送了140多亿乘客。”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 2． 根据上一句“Actually, you only need to arrive at the station 20 minutes before the train leaves instead of an hour or more.”可知，你只需要在火车出发前20分钟到达车站，而不是一个小时或更长时间。是在介绍高铁能节约时间。A选项“那为您节省了大量时间。”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上一句“When you sit down in your seat, you can move your legs freely.”可知，当你坐在座位上时，你可以自由地移动双腿。是在介绍高铁内部的舒适性。F选项“当你站起来沿着过道走的时候，你甚至不会觉得你在旅行中”承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上一句“Over one hundred cities in China are now connected by high-speed railway.”可知，中国现在有100多个城市被高速铁路连接起来。是在介绍中国高铁的分布。D选项“并且更多的高速铁路将被建设，以连接中国更多的城市”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 5．根据下一句“China’s Fuxing trains can run at a speed of 350 km/h on some HSR lines, such as Beijing-Tianjin, Chengdu-Chongqing lines.”可知，中国的复兴列车在一些高铁线路上可以以每小时350公里的速度运行。是在介绍中国高铁的运行速度。C选项“中国还拥有世界上最快的铁路”引起下文，符合语境。故选C。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 What can you say about Shenzhen? Young, modern, exciting. 1 About forty years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village. Now everything has changed. “Shenzhen is a very open city. 2 I grew up here and want to stay here in the future. After all, Shenzhen has many great chances (机会). I want to find a job in a big company, 3 ” a student called Zeng Jingxian says. “Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances. 4 My parents came here when they were young. At first they sold paint (油漆). We lived together in the paint shop. Life was hard in the beginning. Now we have our factory and a big house,” says Li Jiayan, a teenager. “My parents are always busy. But their hard work encourages (鼓励) me. In Shenzhen, many people are just like my parents. 5 But through their hard work, they live a good life now.” Li Jiayan also says. A．As long as you work hard, you will make a good living. B．They started from nothing. C．People in Shenzhen come from all over China and the world. D．These all can be the right words. E．although it may be busy. F．They have made much money. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文通过三个人讲述在深圳的生活和工作，向我们展示了深圳这座开放之城。 1．根据前文“What can you say about Shenzhen? Young, modern, exciting...”可知，这些词用来形容深圳很合适。D选项“这些都是合适的词”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据前句“Shenzhen is a very open city.”可知，此处要解释为什么深圳是一个开放的城市。C选项“在深圳的人来自中国和世界各地”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“I want to find a job in a big company”可知，此处内容与工作有关，且根据空前逗号可知，选项首字母要小写。选项E“虽然它可能很忙”符合。故选E。 4．根据前句“Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances.”以及后文“My parents came here when they were young...Now we have our factory and a big house.”可知，只要肯努力，在深圳就可以过上很好的生活。A选项“只要你努力工作，你就会过上好日子”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据前句“In Shenzhen, many people are just like my parents.”以及后句“But through their hard work, they live a good life now.”可知，李佳燕的父母是通过自己的努力白手起家的。B选项“他们白手起家”符合语境。故选B。 阅读短文，根据短文内容从下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文内容完整、意思连贯。    Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they have been around for years. 1 At that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels (燃料), so electric cars were more popular.    When gasoline prices dropped and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. 2 During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger, heavier and faster. They needed more fuel, and it caused more air pollution. For years, the car makers didn’t worry about pollution. 3 But when people began to realize that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked car makers to produce more efficient (高效能的) and less polluting cars.    One method of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car (混合动力车). 4 Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went down.     An all-electric car uses no gasoline. The problem, however, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged (再充电). 5 Many people are not pleased with it. The government and car makers are working together to develop safe, cheap and useful electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may disappear. A．That makes electric cars not so suitable for long journeys. B．Gasoline cars became more popular instead, because they could go farther without stopping. C．It is a kind of car that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. D．In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than gasoline (汽油) cars. E．They didn’t worry about how much gasoline cars used, either. F．The development of electric cars is amazing. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的发展史。 1．根据“Electric cars may seem like a recent invention...so electric cars were more popular.”可知，电动汽车其实发展史非常长，在那时比汽油车车更受欢迎。D选项“在20世纪初，道路上的电动汽车比汽油车还多。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“When gasoline prices dropped...electric cars were out of date.”可知，当汽油价格下降，汽车快速发展，电车过时了。那么汽油车应该更受欢迎了。B选项“汽油车反而变得更受欢迎，因为它们可以不停地走得更远。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“it caused more air pollution...there was not enough oil on the earth.”可知，汽油车造成了更多的空气污染。多年来，汽车制造商都不担心污染问题，直到他们意识到地球上汽油不够了。此处缺少汽车制造商对汽油不正确的认识。E选项“他们也不担心汽车用了多少汽油。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“One method of solving...car.”可知，解决这个问题的一种方法是混合动力汽车。此处应该阐述什么是混合动力汽车。C选项“这是一种一部分靠汽油，一部分靠电的汽车。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“The problem, however...need to be recharged.”可知，问题是电车电池需要重新充电。此处需要再充电的弊端。A选项“这使得电动汽车不太适合长途旅行。”符合语境。故选A。 请阅读下面短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 When your great-grandparents were young, the world was very different. There were no high-tech produces （高科技产品）at that time. 1 So it took longer for people to know about what was going on in the world. 2 From the 1860s to 1870s, letters were carried by horse. 3 By the early 1900s, planes were used as a faster way to carry letters across the country and around the world. As time went by, new inventions（发明）made it easy to reach friends and family in a short time. 4 We can also take pictures with them. Computers have made some of the biggest changes in communication（交流）. 5 We can also chat with friends online. Although new technology helps us stay in touch with each other, many people still enjoy sending and getting letters. With so many ways to communicate, it’s easy to find your favorite way to stay in touch. A．We all like new technology. B．Long ago, people wrote letters to stay in touch. C．Then trains began to carry letters from city to city. D．People didn’t have things such as cellphones and computers. E．Now we can take the cellphones with us wherever we travel. F．The Internet helps send e-mail messages around the world in a short time. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了从过去到现在人们通讯方式的改变。 1．根据“There were no high-tech produces at that time...So it took longer for people to know about what was going on in the world.”可知，当时没有高科技产品……因此人们需要很长的时间来了解世界上正在发生的事情。设空处需要填写过渡句，连接前后两个句子句意。选项D“人们也没有诸如手机和电脑一类的东西”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“From the 1860s to 1870s, letters were carried by horse”可知，19世纪60年代到70年代信件是由马传递的。选项B“很久以前，人们通过写信保持联系”引出了“信件”这一事物，衔接下文符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“From the 1860s to 1870s, letters were carried by horse...around the world.”可知，此句用时间顺序讲述了信的运输方式的转变，先是马车，然后……，到20世纪初是飞机。选项C“然后火车开始把信件从一个城市送到另一个城市”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“We can also take pictures with them”可知，我们也可以用它们拍照片，所以前文应提到“它们”是什么。选项E“现在无论我们走到哪里都可以随身携带手机”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“We can also chat with friends online”可知，我们也可以在线聊天，所以前句应提到“网络”的话题。选项F“互联网有助于在短时间内向全世界发送邮件”符合语境。故选F。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 In the countries all over the world, people are leaving the countryside (乡下) in large numbers to find jobs in the cities. They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city. 1 Services such as hospitals and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the countryside. They hope that their lives will improve when they move to the city. But in the big cities of Europe (欧洲) and America, people are moving out of the city. These are usually families who have some money, and want to live a quieter life. 2 And they are tired of the crowded (拥堵) streets, crowded trains and buses. They don’t want to sit in traffic an any more. They want a house with a garden, and clean air that isn’t polluted. So they move out. Some don’t go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities, and other people move to the real countryside with sheep and cows and green fields! 3 4 After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. They don’t make so much money and there isn’t much work to do. Country people are very different and aren’t always very friendly. As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. “It’s wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights,” they say. “ 5 ” A．We’ll never leave the countryside! B．I’m so glad that I’m back in the city! C．And often there isn’t much work there. D．They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city. E．Most old people prefer to stay in their hometown. F．There, they start new lives and try to make new friends. G．But not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了许多有钱并希望过安静的生活的家庭想要到农村去，因为他们厌倦了城市的喧嚣、拥挤的街道、繁忙的交通。他们想在农村开始新的生活，结交新的朋友。但是并非所有从城市搬到乡村的人都是快乐的。 1．根据上文“They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city.”和下文“Services such as hospitals and transport are usually much better in cities than they are in the countryside.”可知，空处应是继续讲述“离开农村”的原因。选项C“并且通常那里没有太多的工作”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“These are usually families who have some money, and want to live a quieter life.”和下文“And they are tired of the crowded (拥堵) streets, crowded trains and buses...”可知，空处应是说明为何这些家庭想要过一种更安静的生活。选项D“他们厌倦了城市的噪音和肮脏”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文“...and other people move to the real countryside with sheep and cows and green fields!”可知，空处应是讲述搬到乡村后的不一样的生活，选项F“在那里，他们开始新的生活，并尝试结交新朋友”符合语境。故选F。 4．上文提到从城市搬到乡村的人起初都带着美好的想象，根据下文“After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake...”可知，很多人真正搬到乡村住之后才发现事实与自己所想象的不同，所以此处应是表转折，选项G“但并非所有从城市搬到农村的人都快乐”符合语境。故选G。 5．根据上文“As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. ‘It’s wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights,’ they say.”可知，重新搬回城里的人很开心，选项B“我很高兴我回到了这个城市”符合语境。故选B。 It seems to me that families used to eat more meals together. 1 There’s often a TV nearby, or someone’s talking on a cell phone or texting during dinner. 2 We’d wait for everyone to get home, and then we’d all sit down together. During dinnertime conversation, everyone had a chance to talk. Back then, I was a little quiet, so my dad would often ask me to talk about my day. 3 Speaking of taking turns, all of us kids used to take part in either preparing the meal or cleaning up. Sometimes my mom would let me help her in the kitchen. 4 We’d always have fresh food—no fast food or take out. Now, I won’t pretend (假装) our mealtimes were completely perfect. We used to fight all the time, and sometimes kick each other under the table. 5 Nobody knew exactly what “or else” meant, but we didn’t want to risk finding out. These days, it seems like families have little time together, especially at mealtimes. However, I wonder if those families know what they’re missing. A．And it’s the same now. B．That’s how we learned to share and take turns. C．I’d wash and cut up vegetables, or things like that. D．My family always used to eat dinner together, no matter what. E．And nowadays it is quite different. F．Then our parents would step in, telling us to “get along or else!” G．Our parents are always angry with us. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．F 【分析】过去家人在一起吃饭的次数更多，而现在则完全不同了，作者想知道这些家庭是否知道他们失去了什么。 1．设空处前后是过去和现在的对比，现在情况不一样了。E项“如今，情况大不相同了。”符合语境。故选E。 2．下文讲过去一起吃饭的情况。D项“我的家人以前总是在一起吃晚餐，无论发生什么。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Speaking of taking turns”可知上文出现了“take turns”。B项“那就是我们如何学会分享和轮流做事的。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Sometimes my mom would let me help her in the kitchen.”可知要提到自己会做厨房哪些事情。C项“我会洗菜切菜之类的。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“Nobody knew exactly what ‘or else’ meant”可知此处提到了“or else”。F项“然后我们的父母就会介入，告诉我们‘要好好相处，要不然会怎样’ ”符合语境。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $