Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题完形填空10篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法词汇题型知识点练习（译林版2024）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题完形填空练习 单元话题：过去和现在，今昔对比，社会发展 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Zhang Wei is a man who loves his hometown. He grew up in a small 1 in China. Many people in his village were poor, and young people often left to 2 jobs in cities. Zhang Wei wanted to help, so he decided to make his village a better place by developing its tourism (旅游业). In 2024, Zhang Wei started a project to turn his village into a 3 place. He worked with the villagers to clean the streets, plant flowers, and build small guesthouses. They also started offering activities like farming and traditional handicraft workshops (手工作坊). Soon, 4 began to visit the village. They enjoyed the peaceful 5 and learned about rural life. Zhang Wei also helped the villagers sell their local products (产品), such as handmade baskets and fresh 6 . He taught them how to use the Internet to 7 their products to people in cities. This brought more money to the village and helped 8 their traditions. Thanks to Zhang Wei’s hard work, the village became a 9 place to visit. The villagers’ lives improved, and young people started to 10 home. Zhang Wei’s story shows that with hard work and creativity, we can make a difference to the world. 1．A．city B．village C．school D．park 2．A．look after B．look for C．look up D．look down 3．A．strange B．dangerous C．popular D．quiet 4．A．tourists B．workers C．villagers D．scientists 5．A．scenery B．noise C．pollution D．advice 6．A．toys B．vegetables C．machines D．clothes 7．A．hide B．sell C．lose D．break 8．A．forget B．fight C．protect D．miss 9．A．dirty B．noisy C．beautiful D．crowded 10．A．clean B．leave C．reach D．return China has changed a lot since 1949. Now it is 1 and stronger than before. Many people used to be 2 and lazy, but now they are more outgoing and 3 . They work hard to 4 problems and build a better country. In fact, the average life is much longer and healthier now. In the past, few people could 5 musical instruments like the piano. But now, more people have 6 time to learn and enjoy art. Besides, China’s cities are 7 than they were 50 years ago. The 8 is also larger, but the government is trying to make life more 9 for everyone. People also enjoy more community activities in their spare time. We should 10 the development of our country. Congratulations, China! Let’s continue to work together for an even brighter future. 1．A．larger B．shyer C．quieter D．lazier 2．A．outgoing B．noisy C．relaxed D．shy 3．A．careful B．loud C．hard-working D．slim 4．A．plan B．describe C．solve D．perform 5．A．borrow B．attend C．perform D．decorate 6．A．average B．tired C．spare D．happy 7．A．smaller B．cleaner C．healthier D．slimmer 8．A．journey B．pleasure C．population D．treasure 9．A．boring B．bad C．pleasant D．sad 10．A．compare B．share C．attend D．congratulate Work today is very different from the way it was fifty or even twenty years ago. In the past, most people got up 1 in the morning, went to their offices by bus, train or car, worked eight hours and went home again. In the 2 world, many companies are changing this way of working. More and more people work from (the) 3 . This means that they needn’t go to an office every day. Because of 4 like the Internet and video telephones, you can see other people when you talk to them. These telephones also let you talk to many people at the 5 time. You will get the same salary (薪水), 6 there is less time wasted (浪费). Is it better or worse than working in an office? Well, if you work from home and your neighbour doesn’t, when he is leaving for the office at 7:00, you’re 7 . He is sitting in his car at 7:30, and you’re drinking a cup of coffee and checking (检查) your e-mails. At 8:00 when your neighbour arrives at the office, you’re taking a shower. After that, you have breakfast and begin your day’s work. At lunchtime you aren’t very hungry, so you decide to 8 working. You work until about 4:00, check your e-mails and then 9 . You take your dog to the park for a 10 . At six o’clock, you’re watching the news when your neighbor arrives home. 1．A．late B．early C．slowly D．easily 2．A．past B．dangerous C．modern D．brave 3．A．home B．office C．school D．street 4．A．knowledge B．education C．business D．technology 5．A．different B．same C．tiny D．large 6．A．so B．or C．because D．but 7．A．picking up B．growing up C．getting up D．giving up 8．A．go on B．go out C．go back D．go away 9．A．enter B．search C．appear D．relax 10．A．vacation B．run C．job D．test 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Do you know the changes of life in China? Many years ago, life was much 41 than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines, and they had no time or 42 to enjoy leisure activities. Many children couldn’t get an education. However, 43 the government’s efforts, people’s living conditions have improved a lot now. People can enjoy longer holidays and get more incomes (收入). So they have more chances to relax 44 and live a colorful life. They move into tall and bright 45 . Most children study in schools 46 new classrooms and modern teaching equipment. After school, they can also 47 club activities or play sports. 48 are becoming easier and quicker. People use cellphones, fax machines and the Internet to 49 with each other. Sending a message to your friends 1 only takes you several seconds. Because of these modern inventions (发明), our life is becoming much more convenient (方便的) than before. 1．A．slower B．simpler C．easier D．harder 2．A．interest B．money C．fun D．hobby 3．A．thanks to B．according to C．instead of D．in order to 4．A．them B．us C．themselves D．ourselves 5．A．buildings B．places C．gardens D．homes 6．A．with B．of C．without D．for 7．A．go on B．take part in C．take up D．join in 8．A．Conditions B．Machines C．Transportation D．Communications 9．A．keep in touch B．catch up C．get along well D．keep up 10．A．somewhere B．every time C．nowhere D．anywhere 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案填涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 How did your grandparents go to work when they were young? By bike, I’m sure. In the 1960s and 1970s, 1 there were many bikes running on the street, we call China “the kingdom of bicycle”. I think 2 all those bikes, “ErBa” bikes were the most popular ones. But now most bicycles disappear, 3 “ErBa” bikes. People 4 to use these heavy vehicles, though bikes don’t cause pollution. The cars and the shared-bikes are on the stage of Chinese people’s life. They are more 5 and faster. To our surprise, “ErBa” bikes become very popular in the countryside of South China. People living there grow bananas but they have 6 carrying bananas down the hills. People don’t have so much money to buy trucks (卡车), and the roads are in bad 7 . Then they find “ErBa” bikes have a lot of 8 , for example, the bikes don’t need energy, these bikes can carry about 150 kg bananas and it’s easy to ride on their rough (不平整的) roads. Their prices are 9 . This kind of bike costs only a little money. With “ErBa” bikes, people can feed their families. But it’s dangerous for young people to rush down the hills on their bikes. Why don’t they 10 to keep safe? Wearing helmets, I think, is also necessary. 1．A．if B．because C．when D．though 2．A．among B．across C．beside D．between 3．A．certainly B．finally C．especially D．mainly 4．A．return B．record C．refuse D．receive 5．A．frightened B．comfortable C．meaningful D．standard 6．A．difficulty B．pleasure C．experience D．culture 7．A．direction B．condition C．instruction D．suggestion 8．A．passengers B．messages C．advantages D．languages 9．A．high B．low C．cheap D．expensive 10．A．slow down B．think over C．put on D．cheer up Last Saturday, my parents and I went to the village to visit my grandparents. In fact, I 1 going there in the past. The village was 2 small and dirty. Many people think the air in the village is usually 3 than that in the city. However, the same was not true of my grandparents’ village 4 there was an old paper factory (造纸厂). As a result, the air there was even worse. This was not the most important reason (原因) that I didn’t want to go to my grandparents’ 5 . The true reason was that the life there was so boring that I had 6 interesting to do. But last Saturday, I was happy to see everything 7 . The old paper factory closed down and there is a new one. It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system (污水处理系统) in our country. It 8 so well that the air is a lot cleaner. What’s more, there is a new 9 . It’s big and beautiful. The villagers often go there to take a walk. For them, it’s a good place to 10 . Now my grandparents’ village is better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before! 1．A．hated B．enjoyed C．finished D．kept 2．A．luckily B．quietly C．truly D．hardly 3．A．worse B．colder C．drier D．fresher 4．A．because B．though C．if D．but 5．A．town B．farm C．village D．office 6．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 7．A．interesting B．necessary C．important D．different 8．A．looks B．works C．grows D．acts 9．A．hospital B．school C．park D．bank 10．A．relax B．win C．sleep D．fight Do you have such an idea? You know your hometown like the back of your hand. You go off to school and when you come back, everything seems different. Well, you’re not 1 . Growing up in a small town in America, I left for college for 2 new and different. I never knew of the changes that were happening back home. In my mind, my hometown was a 3 small town where everyone knew each other. There weren’t many cars or taxis. When people were hungry, only a few small restaurants 4 food. If we wanted to watch movies, we 5 go to another town. But my hometown is very busy now. I can taste coffee at Starbucks. I can choose the best 6 to enjoy movies in the town. I can walk to the outside mall where I can get almost everything. My 7 has changed. 8 that’s what growing up is like: you don’t expect changes to happen 9 they happened. In a way, I’ve changed, too. I’m not the little girl I once was. I’ve become more mature (成熟的) while being at college. My hometown is 10 for the better, just like me. But I’ll always remember what my hometown is and what it was like. 1．A．tired B．lonely C．alone D．excited 2．A．something B．anything C．everything D．Nothing 3．A．busy B．tidy C．perfect D．quiet 4．A．bought B．provided C．raised D．collected 5．A．might B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．had to 6．A．theater B．office C．station D．restaurant 7．A．college B．country C．hometown D．City 8．A．Maybe B．Instead C．Soon D．However 9．A．so B．because C．and D．but 10．A．dropping B．changing C．preparing D．cheering 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I live in a small town. In the past, it was a quiet place. There were not many houses or people, and everyone 1 each other. There were no restaurants or shops in the town, and the only 2 for people to get together was an old park. About three years ago, some people 3 a big factory in the north of the town. People from other places started moving in to work in the factory, 4 the population of the town became larger. As more people came to live in the town, it 5 greatly. Now there are new houses everywhere and the streets are 6 with cars and people. Shops and restaurants opened up. There is a big supermarket near the factory, and people can 7 all kinds of things they need in it. The old park is now a community centre. People go there to talk, play games or do sports. There is also a 8 for people to watch movies. There are more faces in the town now and some of them speak different languages, but the spirit of community is 9 strong. People have different kinds of festivals to talk about and spend together, and they understand each other more. I am 10 that my home town has changed for the better. I enjoy living here. 1．A．forgot B．knew C．took D．left 2．A．time B．way C．place D．advice 3．A．built B．drew C．entered D．crossed 4．A．because B．or C．but D．so 5．A．lost B．changed C．stopped D．shook 6．A．busy B．old C．tidy D．long 7．A．win B．buy C．tell D．join 8．A．lake B．garden C．cinema D．museum 9．A．also B．once C．still D．only 10．A．heavy B．happy C．afraid D．polite ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is -1.48‰. China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has drawn a great deal of 3 . Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate? First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 4 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and 5 needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. 6 , the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), 7 may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth. Second, it will make a 8 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the 9 of family. However, this idea is 10 now. More and more people prefer to have 11 children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). 12 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the 13 and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development. Now the government and society should take 14 to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 15 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障). 1．A．larger B．largest C．most D．more 2．A．up B．by C．down D．off 3．A．attention B．problems C．trouble D．damage 4．A．bring B．take C．get D．fetch 5．A．another B．the other C．other D．others 6．A．Besides B．In fact C．However D．Instead 7．A．which B．that C．who D．what 8．A．decision B．difference C．role D．survey 9．A．happiness B．support C．dream D．hope 10．A．making B．thinking C．changing D．coming 11．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 12．A．While B．Since C．Whether D．If 13．A．education B．employment C．welfare D．society 14．A．action B．part C．place D．care 15．A．Actually B．Just C．Only D．Finally With the efforts and support from the government in many aspects (方面), a new socialist countryside (社会主义新农村) has 1 in China. The farmers have lived happy lives, and many 2 have been built. There are more new farmers with 3 knowledge of science and technology, laws and management. Many farming techniques (技能) have been modernized. With the 4 of scientists, farmers have used the latest technologies to increase agricultural production without harming the environment. As a result, the yearly income (收入) of the farmers has increased 5 their housing conditions have been improved as well. People in the 6 countryside are enjoying a clean, tidy and orderly environment. Besides, children can go to school 7 paying and have free lunch at school. They can read in the study 8 in the evening. Even there are some highways and railways 9 through the villages. The government also provides medical care system for farmers. The 10 socialist countryside has attracted foreigners. Nowadays 11 of them have come to visit it. We are happy for the farmers. We 12 the farmers will be richer and happier. Thanks to our 13 for building socialist countryside for us, as students, we should study hard to be well prepared for the 14 construction (建设) of the newer socialist countryside, thus making our 15 more beautiful and powerful. 1．A．imagined B．appeared C．opened D．carried 2．A．buildings B．movies C．bridges D．beaches 3．A．expensive B．cheap C．tall D．basic 4．A．heat B．door C．help D．gate 5．A．though B．and C．unless D．if 6．A．poor B．dirty C．small D．new 7．A．without B．between C．during D．upon 8．A．quickly B．hardly C．happily D．clearly 9．A．driving B．running C．riding D．closing 10．A．long B．short C．large D．beautiful 11．A．some B．neither C．both D．another 12．A．watch B．compare C．hope D．explain 13．A．school B．government C．scientist D．inventor 14．A．robot B．space C．hospital D．future 15．A．country B．street C．park D．road 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题完形填空练习 单元话题：过去和现在，今昔对比，社会发展 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Zhang Wei is a man who loves his hometown. He grew up in a small 1 in China. Many people in his village were poor, and young people often left to 2 jobs in cities. Zhang Wei wanted to help, so he decided to make his village a better place by developing its tourism (旅游业). In 2024, Zhang Wei started a project to turn his village into a 3 place. He worked with the villagers to clean the streets, plant flowers, and build small guesthouses. They also started offering activities like farming and traditional handicraft workshops (手工作坊). Soon, 4 began to visit the village. They enjoyed the peaceful 5 and learned about rural life. Zhang Wei also helped the villagers sell their local products (产品), such as handmade baskets and fresh 6 . He taught them how to use the Internet to 7 their products to people in cities. This brought more money to the village and helped 8 their traditions. Thanks to Zhang Wei’s hard work, the village became a 9 place to visit. The villagers’ lives improved, and young people started to 10 home. Zhang Wei’s story shows that with hard work and creativity, we can make a difference to the world. 1．A．city B．village C．school D．park 2．A．look after B．look for C．look up D．look down 3．A．strange B．dangerous C．popular D．quiet 4．A．tourists B．workers C．villagers D．scientists 5．A．scenery B．noise C．pollution D．advice 6．A．toys B．vegetables C．machines D．clothes 7．A．hide B．sell C．lose D．break 8．A．forget B．fight C．protect D．miss 9．A．dirty B．noisy C．beautiful D．crowded 10．A．clean B．leave C．reach D．return 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张伟热爱家乡，通过发展旅游业、帮助村民推广农产品等举措，改善家乡面貌、提高村民生活水平的故事，体现了“勤劳与创造力能改变家乡、创造价值”的核心思想。 1．句意：他在中国的一个小村庄长大。 city城市；village村庄；school学校；park公园。根据下文“Many people in his village were poor,” 可知，下文明确提及“他的村庄”，因此这里是指张伟成长于村庄，语义前后呼应。故选B。 2．句意：村里很多人很穷，年轻人经常离开去城市找工作。 look after照顾；look for寻找；look up查阅，抬头看；look down看不起，轻视。根据空格后“jobs”可知，年轻人离开乡村前往城市的核心目的是求职，“look for jobs”为固定搭配，意为“找工作”，符合语境逻辑。故选 B。 3．句意：2024年，张伟启动了一个项目，想把他的村庄变成一个受欢迎的地方。 strange奇怪的，陌生的；dangerous危险的；popular受欢迎的；quiet安静的。根据上文“Zhang Wei wanted to help, so he decided to make his village a better place by developing its tourism.”可知，张伟发展旅游业的目的就是吸引人来，让村庄变得有吸引力、受欢迎。故选C。 4．句意：很快，游客们开始参观这个村庄。 tourists游客；workers工人；villagers村民；scientists科学家。根据上文“developing its tourism”可知，发展旅游业，因此来村庄的自然是游客。故选A。 5．句意：他们享受着宁静的风景，了解了乡村生活。 scenery风景，景色；noise噪音；pollution污染；advice建议。根据常识可知，游客到乡村旅游，享受的通常是自然风光、田园景色，peaceful scenery“宁静的风景”是常见搭配。故选A。 6．句意：张伟还帮助村民销售他们的当地产品，比如手工篮子和新鲜蔬菜。 toys玩具；vegetables蔬菜；machines机器；clothes衣服。根据上文“local products”可知，乡村的本地产品，除了手工艺品 (手工篮子)，最典型的就是农产品，而蔬菜是农村常见新鲜农产品。故选B。 7．句意：他教他们如何利用互联网向城市里的人销售产品。 hide隐藏；sell销售，卖；lose丢失，失去；break打破，弄坏。根据“their products to people in cities”可知，此处是指通过互联网向城市人销售产品；发展经济、增加收入的关键步骤是把产品卖出去，“sell products”是核心动作。故选B。 8．句意：这给村庄带来了更多收入，也帮助保护了他们的传统。 forget忘记；fight对抗，打架；protect保护；miss想念，错过。根据语境可知，销售传统手工艺品 (如手工篮子) 和推广相关活动，本身就是在让传统技艺和文化得以延续和发扬，即“保护传统”。故选C。 9．句意：多亏了张伟的努力，这个村庄变成了一个美丽的旅游胜地。 dirty肮脏的；noisy吵闹的；beautiful美丽的；crowded拥挤的。根据上文“He worked with the villagers to clean the streets, plant flowers, and build small guesthouses.”可知，张伟带领村民清洁街道、种花、建民宿，村庄变成了“美丽的”旅游地，“beautiful”符合改造后的结果。故选C。 10．句意：村民们的生活改善了，年轻人开始返回家乡。 clean打扫，清洁；leave离开；reach到达；return返回，回来。根据上下文，文章开头提及“young people often left to look for jobs in cities”(年轻人常离开家乡去城市找工作)，而如今村庄面貌改善、就业机会增加 (旅游业及农产品销售)，年轻人会被吸引回到家乡，“return home”(返回家乡) 与前文“离开”形成呼应，逻辑连贯；“reach home”(到达家乡) 未体现“此前离开”的背景，语义不够精准。故选D。 China has changed a lot since 1949. Now it is 1 and stronger than before. Many people used to be 2 and lazy, but now they are more outgoing and 3 . They work hard to 4 problems and build a better country. In fact, the average life is much longer and healthier now. In the past, few people could 5 musical instruments like the piano. But now, more people have 6 time to learn and enjoy art. Besides, China’s cities are 7 than they were 50 years ago. The 8 is also larger, but the government is trying to make life more 9 for everyone. People also enjoy more community activities in their spare time. We should 10 the development of our country. Congratulations, China! Let’s continue to work together for an even brighter future. 1．A．larger B．shyer C．quieter D．lazier 2．A．outgoing B．noisy C．relaxed D．shy 3．A．careful B．loud C．hard-working D．slim 4．A．plan B．describe C．solve D．perform 5．A．borrow B．attend C．perform D．decorate 6．A．average B．tired C．spare D．happy 7．A．smaller B．cleaner C．healthier D．slimmer 8．A．journey B．pleasure C．population D．treasure 9．A．boring B．bad C．pleasant D．sad 10．A．compare B．share C．attend D．congratulate 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国自1949年以来的发展变化。 1．句意：现在它比以前更大和强大了。 larger更大的；shyer更害羞的；quieter更安静的；lazier更懒惰的。根据“and stronger than before”可知，and连接并列成分，此处应是中国比以前更大和强大了。故选A。 2．句意：许多人过去很害羞且懒惰，但现在他们更外向且勤奋了。 outgoing外向的；noisy嘈杂的；relaxed放松的；shy害羞的。根据“but now they are more outgoing”可知，but表示转折，说明过去和现在情况相反，与outgoing相反的是shy，这里表示过去害羞。故选D。 3．句意：许多人过去很害羞且懒惰，但现在他们更外向且勤奋了。 careful仔细的；loud大声的；hard-working努力的；slim苗条的。根据“but now they are more outgoing”以及前文提到过去懒惰，可知此处应是与lazy相反的积极词汇，hard-working表示勤奋的，符合语境。故选C。 4．句意：他们努力工作来解决问题并建设一个更好的国家。 plan计划；describe描述；solve解决；perform表演。根据“problems”可知，solve problems“解决问题”是常见搭配。故选C。 5．句意：在过去，很少有人能演奏像钢琴这样的乐器。 borrow借；attend参加；perform演奏；decorate装饰。根据“musical instruments like the piano”可知，perform musical instruments“演奏乐器”是固定搭配。故选C。 6．句意：但是现在，更多的人有空闲时间来学习和欣赏艺术。 average平均的；tired疲惫的；spare空闲的；happy高兴的。根据“time to learn and enjoy art”可知，spare time“空闲时间”符合语境，表示有更多空闲时间去学习和欣赏艺术。故选C。 7．句意：此外，中国的城市比50年前更干净了。 smaller更小的；cleaner更干净的；healthier更健康的；slimmer更苗条的。根据“China’s cities”以及生活常识可知，现在城市更干净了，cleaner符合语境。故选B。 8．句意：人口也更多了，但是政府正在努力让每个人的生活更愉快。 journey旅程；pleasure愉快；population人口；treasure财富。根据“is also larger”可知，常用population表示人口数量增多。故选C。 9．句意：人口也更多了，但是政府正在努力让每个人的生活更愉快。 boring无聊的；bad坏的；pleasant愉快的；sad伤心的。根据“but the government is trying to make life more”可知，but表示转折，前面说人口增多，后面说政府努力让生活更好，pleasant符合语境，表示让生活更愉快。故选C。 10．句意：我们应该祝贺我们国家的发展。 compare比较；share分享；attend参加；congratulate祝贺。根据“Congratulations, China!”可知，此处应填congratulate，表示祝贺国家的发展。故选D。 Work today is very different from the way it was fifty or even twenty years ago. In the past, most people got up 1 in the morning, went to their offices by bus, train or car, worked eight hours and went home again. In the 2 world, many companies are changing this way of working. More and more people work from (the) 3 . This means that they needn’t go to an office every day. Because of 4 like the Internet and video telephones, you can see other people when you talk to them. These telephones also let you talk to many people at the 5 time. You will get the same salary (薪水), 6 there is less time wasted (浪费). Is it better or worse than working in an office? Well, if you work from home and your neighbour doesn’t, when he is leaving for the office at 7:00, you’re 7 . He is sitting in his car at 7:30, and you’re drinking a cup of coffee and checking (检查) your e-mails. At 8:00 when your neighbour arrives at the office, you’re taking a shower. After that, you have breakfast and begin your day’s work. At lunchtime you aren’t very hungry, so you decide to 8 working. You work until about 4:00, check your e-mails and then 9 . You take your dog to the park for a 10 . At six o’clock, you’re watching the news when your neighbor arrives home. 1．A．late B．early C．slowly D．easily 2．A．past B．dangerous C．modern D．brave 3．A．home B．office C．school D．street 4．A．knowledge B．education C．business D．technology 5．A．different B．same C．tiny D．large 6．A．so B．or C．because D．but 7．A．picking up B．growing up C．getting up D．giving up 8．A．go on B．go out C．go back D．go away 9．A．enter B．search C．appear D．relax 10．A．vacation B．run C．job D．test 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了现代工作方式与传统工作方式的对比，重点突出了远程办公的特点和优势。 1．句意：在过去，大多数人早上起得很早，乘公共汽车、火车或汽车去办公室，工作八个小时，然后再回家。 late晚地；early早地；slowly慢地；easily容易地。根据“In the past, most people got up...in the morning”以及常识可知，过去人们早起去上班，故选B。 2．句意：在现代世界，许多公司正在改变这种工作方式。 past过去的；dangerous危险的；modern现代的；brave勇敢的。根据“many companies are changing this way of working”可知，此处指的是在现代社会，故选C。 3．句意：越来越多的人在家工作。 home家；office办公室；school学校；street街道。根据“This means that they needn’t go to an office every day.”可知，此处指的是在家工作，故选A。 4．句意：由于互联网和可视电话等技术，你可以在和别人说话时看到他们。 knowledge知识；education教育；business生意；technology技术。根据“like the Internet and video telephones”可知，此处指的是技术，故选D。 5．句意：这些电话还可以让你同时和很多人交谈。 different不同的；same相同的；tiny微小的；large大的。根据“These telephones also let you talk to many people at the...time”可知，此处指的是同时和很多人交谈，at the same time“同时”，故选B。 6．句意：你会得到同样的薪水，但浪费的时间更少。 so所以；or或者；because因为；but但是。分析前后句可知，前后句构成转折关系，应用but连接，故选D。 7．句意：嗯，如果你在家工作，而你的邻居不在家，当他7点去上班时，你正在起床。 picking up捡起；growing up长大；getting up起床；giving up放弃。根据“when he is leaving for the office at 7:00”以及常识可知，邻居去上班时，你可能在起床，故选C。 8．句意：午餐时间你不太饿，所以你决定继续工作。 go on继续；go out出去；go back回去；go away走开。根据“At lunchtime you aren’t very hungry”以及“You work until about 4:00”可知，不太饿，所以继续工作，故选A。 9．句意：你工作到4点左右，查看电子邮件，然后放松一下。 enter进入；search搜索；appear出现；relax放松。根据“You work until about 4:00, check your e-mails and then...”可知，工作之后查看邮件，然后放松一下，故选D。 10．句意：你带你的狗去公园跑步。 vacation假期；run跑步；job工作；test测试。根据“You take your dog to the park for a...”可知，此处指的是带狗去公园跑步，故选B。 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Do you know the changes of life in China? Many years ago, life was much 41 than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines, and they had no time or 42 to enjoy leisure activities. Many children couldn’t get an education. However, 43 the government’s efforts, people’s living conditions have improved a lot now. People can enjoy longer holidays and get more incomes (收入). So they have more chances to relax 44 and live a colorful life. They move into tall and bright 45 . Most children study in schools 46 new classrooms and modern teaching equipment. After school, they can also 47 club activities or play sports. 48 are becoming easier and quicker. People use cellphones, fax machines and the Internet to 49 with each other. Sending a message to your friends 1 only takes you several seconds. Because of these modern inventions (发明), our life is becoming much more convenient (方便的) than before. 1．A．slower B．simpler C．easier D．harder 2．A．interest B．money C．fun D．hobby 3．A．thanks to B．according to C．instead of D．in order to 4．A．them B．us C．themselves D．ourselves 5．A．buildings B．places C．gardens D．homes 6．A．with B．of C．without D．for 7．A．go on B．take part in C．take up D．join in 8．A．Conditions B．Machines C．Transportation D．Communications 9．A．keep in touch B．catch up C．get along well D．keep up 10．A．somewhere B．every time C．nowhere D．anywhere 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国的变化。 1．句意：很多年前，生活比现在艰难得多。 slower更慢的；simpler更简单的；easier更容易的；harder更艰难的。根据“People didn’t have modern machines, and they had no time or ... to enjoy leisure activities.”可知，很多年前的生活更艰难。故选D。 2．句意：人们没有现代化的机器，也没有时间和金钱去享受休闲活动。 interest兴趣；money金钱；fun乐趣；hobby爱好。根据“and they had no time or ... to enjoy leisure activities.”可知，是指没有时间和金钱去享受休闲活动。故选B。 3．句意：然而，由于政府的努力，人们的生活条件现在已经改善了很多。 thanks to多亏，由于；according to根据；instead of而不是；in order to为了。根据“the government’s efforts”可知，是指由于政府的努力，人们的生活条件得到了改善。故选A。 4．句意：所以他们有更多的机会放松自己，过着丰富多彩的生活。 them他们；us我们；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。relax oneself“放松自己”，主语是they，反身代词用themselves。故选C。 5．句意：他们搬进了高大明亮的建筑物。 buildings建筑物；places地方；gardens花园；homes家。根据“tall and bright”可知，是指高大明亮的建筑物。故选A。 6．句意：大多数孩子在拥有新教室和现代化教学设备的学校学习。 with具有；of……的；without没有；for为了。根据“schools ... new classrooms and modern teaching equipment.”可知，是指有着新教室和现代化教学设备的学校，用with表示。故选A。 7．句意：放学后，他们还可以参加俱乐部活动或做运动。 go on继续；take part in参加；take up占据，开始从事；join in加入。根据“club activities”可知，是指参加俱乐部活动。故选B。 8．句意：通信正在变得更加容易和快捷。 Conditions条件；Machines机器；Transportation交通；Communications通信。根据“People use cellphones, fax machines and the Internet to ... with each other.”可知，是指通信正变得更加容易和快捷。故选D。 9．句意：人们使用手机、传真机和互联网来彼此保持联系。 keep in touch保持联系；catch up赶上；get along well相处得好；keep up保持，跟上。根据“use cellphones, fax machines and the Internet”可知，是指使用手机、传真机和互联网来保持联系，keep in touch with sb“和某人保持联系”。故选A。 10．句意：向任何地方的朋友发送信息只需要几秒钟。 somewhere某地；every time每一次；nowhere没有地方；anywhere任何地方。根据“Sending a message to your friends ... only takes you several seconds.”可知，是指向任何地方的朋友发送信息。故选D。 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案填涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 How did your grandparents go to work when they were young? By bike, I’m sure. In the 1960s and 1970s, 1 there were many bikes running on the street, we call China “the kingdom of bicycle”. I think 2 all those bikes, “ErBa” bikes were the most popular ones. But now most bicycles disappear, 3 “ErBa” bikes. People 4 to use these heavy vehicles, though bikes don’t cause pollution. The cars and the shared-bikes are on the stage of Chinese people’s life. They are more 5 and faster. To our surprise, “ErBa” bikes become very popular in the countryside of South China. People living there grow bananas but they have 6 carrying bananas down the hills. People don’t have so much money to buy trucks (卡车), and the roads are in bad 7 . Then they find “ErBa” bikes have a lot of 8 , for example, the bikes don’t need energy, these bikes can carry about 150 kg bananas and it’s easy to ride on their rough (不平整的) roads. Their prices are 9 . This kind of bike costs only a little money. With “ErBa” bikes, people can feed their families. But it’s dangerous for young people to rush down the hills on their bikes. Why don’t they 10 to keep safe? Wearing helmets, I think, is also necessary. 1．A．if B．because C．when D．though 2．A．among B．across C．beside D．between 3．A．certainly B．finally C．especially D．mainly 4．A．return B．record C．refuse D．receive 5．A．frightened B．comfortable C．meaningful D．standard 6．A．difficulty B．pleasure C．experience D．culture 7．A．direction B．condition C．instruction D．suggestion 8．A．passengers B．messages C．advantages D．languages 9．A．high B．low C．cheap D．expensive 10．A．slow down B．think over C．put on D．cheer up 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了“二八”自行车以及该车在中国南方的使用情况。 1．句意：上世纪六七十年代，因为街上有很多自行车，我们称中国为“自行车王国”。 if如果，引导条件状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；though尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据语境可知，“街上有很多自行车”与“我们称中国为‘自行车王国’”之间为因果关系，且前句为原因，可推测此处是因为街上有很多自行车。故选B。 2．句意：我认为在所有这些自行车中，“二八”自行车是最受欢迎的。 among在三者或以上中（分配或选择）；across穿过；beside在旁边；between在（两者）之间。根据“all those bikes”可知，此处是在所有自行车中，三者以上，among“在三者或以上中（分配或选择）”符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：但现在大多数自行车都消失了，尤其是“二八”自行车。 certainly当然；finally最终；especially尤其；mainly主要地。根据“But now most bicycles disappear,...”可知，但现在大多数自行车都消失了，可推测此处是尤其是“二八”自行车。故选C。 4．句意：人们拒绝使用这些重型车辆，尽管自行车不会造成污染。 return返回；record记录；refuse拒绝；receive接收。根据“But now most bicycles disappear,...”可知，现在大多数自行车都消失了，可推测此处是人们拒绝使用这些重型车辆。故选C。 5．句意：它们更舒适、更快。 frightened害怕的；comfortable舒适的；meaningful重要的；standard通常的。根据“The cars and the shared-bikes are on the stage of Chinese people’s life.”可知，汽车和共享单车已经登上了中国人生活的舞台，可推测此处是它们更舒适、更快。故选B。 6．句意：住在那里的人种香蕉，但他们很难把香蕉带下山。 difficulty困难；pleasure高兴；experience经历；culture文化。根据“People living there grow bananas but they have...carrying bananas down the hills.”可知，那里的人种香蕉，需用把香蕉运下山，可推测此处是他们很难把香蕉带下山。故选A。 7．句意：人们没有那么多钱买卡车，而且道路状况也很糟糕。 direction方向；condition状况；instruction指示；suggestion建议。根据“...it’s easy to ride on their rough roads.”可知，可知道路崎岖不平，因此道路状况也很糟糕。故选B。 8．句意：然后他们发现“二八”自行车有很多优点，例如，这些自行车不需要能源，这些自行车可以携带大约150公斤的香蕉，而且在崎岖的道路上骑行很容易。 passengers乘客；messages消息；advantages优点；languages语言。根据“...for example, the bikes don’t need energy, these bikes can carry about 150 kg bananas and it’s easy to ride on their rough roads.”可知，这些自行车不需要能源，且可以携带大约150公斤的香蕉，而且在崎岖的道路上骑行很容易，这些都是“二八”自行车的优点，即他们发现“二八”自行车有很多优点。故选C。 9．句意：它们的价格很低。 high高的；low低的；cheap便宜的；expensive昂贵的。根据“This kind of bike costs only a little money.”可知，这种自行车只花很少的钱，可推测此处是它们的价格很低。故选B。 10．句意：他们为什么不放慢速度以保证安全呢？ slow down减速；think over仔细考虑；put on穿上；cheer up振作起来。根据“to keep safe”可知，从山上骑车下来，应该减速慢行，这样可以保证安全，可推测此处是他们为什么不放慢速度以保证安全呢。故选A。 Last Saturday, my parents and I went to the village to visit my grandparents. In fact, I 1 going there in the past. The village was 2 small and dirty. Many people think the air in the village is usually 3 than that in the city. However, the same was not true of my grandparents’ village 4 there was an old paper factory (造纸厂). As a result, the air there was even worse. This was not the most important reason (原因) that I didn’t want to go to my grandparents’ 5 . The true reason was that the life there was so boring that I had 6 interesting to do. But last Saturday, I was happy to see everything 7 . The old paper factory closed down and there is a new one. It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system (污水处理系统) in our country. It 8 so well that the air is a lot cleaner. What’s more, there is a new 9 . It’s big and beautiful. The villagers often go there to take a walk. For them, it’s a good place to 10 . Now my grandparents’ village is better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before! 1．A．hated B．enjoyed C．finished D．kept 2．A．luckily B．quietly C．truly D．hardly 3．A．worse B．colder C．drier D．fresher 4．A．because B．though C．if D．but 5．A．town B．farm C．village D．office 6．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 7．A．interesting B．necessary C．important D．different 8．A．looks B．works C．grows D．acts 9．A．hospital B．school C．park D．bank 10．A．relax B．win C．sleep D．fight 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者以前不喜欢去祖父母所在的村庄，因为那里又小又脏，空气也不好，生活很无聊。但上周六作者去时发现村庄发生了很大变化，旧造纸厂关闭了，有了新的污水处理系统，空气变干净了，还有了一个又大又漂亮的公园，村民们的生活也更加丰富多彩。 1．句意：事实上，我过去讨厌去那里。 hated讨厌；enjoyed喜欢；finished完成；kept保持。根据下文“The village was...small and dirty.”以及“The true reason was that the life there was so boring...”可知，作者过去讨厌去那里。故选A。 2．句意：这个村庄确实又小又脏。 luckily幸运地；quietly安静地；truly确实，真正地；hardly几乎不。根据“small and dirty”可知，这里强调村庄确实又小又脏，用truly符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：许多人认为村里的空气通常比城里的更新鲜。 worse更糟糕的；colder更冷的；drier更干燥的；fresher更新鲜的。根据“Many people think the air in the village”以及常识可知，许多人认为村里的空气通常比城里的更新鲜。故选D。 4．句意：然而，我祖父母的村庄却不是这样，因为那里有一个旧的造纸厂。 because因为；though尽管；if如果；but但是。根据“there was an old paper factory (造纸厂).”可知，此处说明祖父母村庄空气不好的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 5．句意：这不是我不想去我祖父母村庄的最重要的原因。 town城镇；farm农场；village村庄；office办公室。根据上文“In fact, I...going there in the past.”可知，作者不想去的是祖父母的村庄。故选C。 6．句意：真正的原因是那里的生活太无聊了，我没有什么有趣的事可做。 anything任何事；nothing没有什么；everything每件事；something某事。根据“The true reason was that the life there was so boring”可知，生活太无聊，所以没有什么有趣的事可做，用nothing符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：但上周六，我很高兴看到一切都不同了。 interesting有趣的；necessary必要的；important重要的；different不同的。根据下文“The old paper factory closed down and there is a new one.”以及“Now my grandparents’ village is better”可知，村庄发生了变化，一切都不同了。故选D。 8．句意：它运行得非常好，以至于空气干净多了。 looks看起来；works运行，工作；grows生长；acts行动。根据“It...so well that the air is a lot cleaner.”可知，此处指新的造纸厂运行得好，使得空气干净多了，用works符合语境。故选B。 9．句意：而且，有一个新的公园。 hospital医院；school学校；park公园；bank银行。根据下文“The villagers often go there to take a walk.”可知，村民们经常去散步的地方是公园。故选C。 10．句意：对他们来说，这是一个放松的好地方。 relax放松；win赢得；sleep睡觉；fight打架。根据上文“The villagers often go there to take a walk.”可知，村民们去公园散步，这是一个放松的好地方。故选A。 Do you have such an idea? You know your hometown like the back of your hand. You go off to school and when you come back, everything seems different. Well, you’re not 1 . Growing up in a small town in America, I left for college for 2 new and different. I never knew of the changes that were happening back home. In my mind, my hometown was a 3 small town where everyone knew each other. There weren’t many cars or taxis. When people were hungry, only a few small restaurants 4 food. If we wanted to watch movies, we 5 go to another town. But my hometown is very busy now. I can taste coffee at Starbucks. I can choose the best 6 to enjoy movies in the town. I can walk to the outside mall where I can get almost everything. My 7 has changed. 8 that’s what growing up is like: you don’t expect changes to happen 9 they happened. In a way, I’ve changed, too. I’m not the little girl I once was. I’ve become more mature (成熟的) while being at college. My hometown is 10 for the better, just like me. But I’ll always remember what my hometown is and what it was like. 1．A．tired B．lonely C．alone D．excited 2．A．something B．anything C．everything D．Nothing 3．A．busy B．tidy C．perfect D．quiet 4．A．bought B．provided C．raised D．collected 5．A．might B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．had to 6．A．theater B．office C．station D．restaurant 7．A．college B．country C．hometown D．City 8．A．Maybe B．Instead C．Soon D．However 9．A．so B．because C．and D．but 10．A．dropping B．changing C．preparing D．cheering 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者离开家乡去上大学后，发现家乡发生了巨大变化，同时也意识到自己也在成长成熟的过程。 1．句意：你并不是唯一有这种感觉的人。 tired疲惫的；lonely孤独的；alone单独的；excited兴奋的。根据“Well, you’re not…”可知，作者想表达“你并不是唯一有这种感受的人”，强调“单独”的含义。故选C。 2．句意：在美国的一个小镇长大，我离开家乡去上大学是为了追求一些新的、不同的东西。 something某物；anything任何事物；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据“for…new and different”可知，作者离开是为了追求“某些新事物”，表示肯定含义，应用something。故选A。 3．句意：在我的记忆中，我的家乡是一个安静的、人人都彼此认识的小镇。 busy忙碌的；tidy整洁的；perfect完美的；quiet安静的。根据“where everyone knew each other”和“There weren’t many cars or taxis”可知，小镇的特点是“安静”。故选D。 4．句意：当人们饿了的时候，只有几家小餐馆提供食物。 bought购买；provided提供；raised筹集；collected收集。根据“only a few small restaurants…food”可知，餐馆的功能是“提供食物”。故选B。 5．句意：如果我们想看电影，就不得不去另一个镇子。 might可能；wouldn’t不会；mustn’t禁止；had to不得不。根据“we…go to another town”可知，当时没有电影院，只能去其他镇子，表示“不得不”。故选D。 6．句意：我现在可以选择镇上最好的电影院看电影。 theater剧院；office办公室；station车站；restaurant餐厅。根据“to enjoy movies”可知，看电影的地点是“剧院”。故选A。 7．句意：我的家乡已经变了。 college大学；country国家；hometown家乡；city城市。全文围绕“家乡”的变化展开。故选C。 8．句意：也许这就是成长的样子：你没想到变化会发生，但它们确实发生了。 Maybe也许；Instead相反；Soon很快；However然而。此处表示推测语气，所以用maybe符合语境。故选A。 9．句意：也许这就是成长的样子：你没想到变化会发生，但它们确实发生了。 so所以；because因为；and和；but但是。根据“you don’t expect changes…they happened”可知前后是转折关系。故选D。 10．句意：我的家乡和我一样，正在变得更好。 dropping掉落；changing改变；preparing准备；cheering欢呼。根据“for the better”可知，家乡在“变化”中变得更好。故选B。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I live in a small town. In the past, it was a quiet place. There were not many houses or people, and everyone 1 each other. There were no restaurants or shops in the town, and the only 2 for people to get together was an old park. About three years ago, some people 3 a big factory in the north of the town. People from other places started moving in to work in the factory, 4 the population of the town became larger. As more people came to live in the town, it 5 greatly. Now there are new houses everywhere and the streets are 6 with cars and people. Shops and restaurants opened up. There is a big supermarket near the factory, and people can 7 all kinds of things they need in it. The old park is now a community centre. People go there to talk, play games or do sports. There is also a 8 for people to watch movies. There are more faces in the town now and some of them speak different languages, but the spirit of community is 9 strong. People have different kinds of festivals to talk about and spend together, and they understand each other more. I am 10 that my home town has changed for the better. I enjoy living here. 1．A．forgot B．knew C．took D．left 2．A．time B．way C．place D．advice 3．A．built B．drew C．entered D．crossed 4．A．because B．or C．but D．so 5．A．lost B．changed C．stopped D．shook 6．A．busy B．old C．tidy D．long 7．A．win B．buy C．tell D．join 8．A．lake B．garden C．cinema D．museum 9．A．also B．once C．still D．only 10．A．heavy B．happy C．afraid D．polite 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲了“我”居住的小镇从过去安静、人少、设施简单，到三年前因建工厂人口增加，小镇在住房、街道、商业和文化设施等方面发生巨大变化，但社区精神依旧浓厚，“我”为家乡变好而开心。 1．句意：没有很多房子和人，并且每个人都认识彼此。 forgot忘记；knew认识；took带走；left离开。根据“In the past, it was a quiet place. There were not many houses or people”可知，过去小镇很安静，房子和人都不多，所以每个人应该都认识彼此，故选B。 2．句意：镇上没有餐馆或商店，人们唯一能聚在一起的地方是一个旧公园。 time时间；way方式；place地方；advice建议。根据“an old park”可知，旧公园是一个具体的地点，是人们聚在一起的地方，故选C。 3．句意：大约三年前，一些人在镇的北部建了一个大工厂。 built建造；drew画；entered进入；crossed穿过。根据“a big factory”可知，此处指建造工厂，故选A。 4．句意：其他地方的人开始搬进来在工厂工作，所以镇上的人口变得更多了。 because因为；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据“People from other places started moving in to work in the factory”和“the population of the town became larger”可知，人们搬进来是人口增多的原因，此处表结果，故选D。 5．句意：随着更多的人来镇上居住，它发生了巨大的变化。 lost丢失；changed改变；stopped停止；shook摇动。根据“Now there are new houses everywhere”等描述可知，小镇发生了很大的变化，故选B。 6．句意：现在到处都是新房子，街上挤满了汽车和人。 busy忙碌的；old旧的；tidy整洁的；long长的。根据“with cars and people”可知，街上有很多汽车和人，是繁忙的，故选A。 7．句意：工厂附近有一个大超市，人们可以在里面买到各种各样他们需要的东西。 win赢；buy买；tell告诉；join加入。根据“a big supermarket”可知，超市是买东西的地方，故选B。 8．句意：还有一个电影院供人们看电影。 lake湖；garden花园；cinema电影院；museum博物馆。根据“for people to watch movies”可知，看电影的地方是电影院，故选C。 9．句意：现在镇上有更多的面孔，其中一些人说不同的语言，但社区精神仍然很强烈。 also也；once曾经；still仍然；only仅仅。根据“but”可知，前后句是转折关系，虽然有很多变化，但社区精神依旧强烈，故选C。 10．句意：我很高兴我的家乡变得更好了。 heavy重的；happy高兴的；afraid害怕的；polite礼貌的。根据“my home town has changed for the better. I enjoy living here”可知，家乡变好了，“我”应该很高兴，故选B。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is -1.48‰. China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has drawn a great deal of 3 . Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate? First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 4 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and 5 needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. 6 , the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), 7 may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth. Second, it will make a 8 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the 9 of family. However, this idea is 10 now. More and more people prefer to have 11 children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). 12 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the 13 and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development. Now the government and society should take 14 to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 15 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障). 1．A．larger B．largest C．most D．more 2．A．up B．by C．down D．off 3．A．attention B．problems C．trouble D．damage 4．A．bring B．take C．get D．fetch 5．A．another B．the other C．other D．others 6．A．Besides B．In fact C．However D．Instead 7．A．which B．that C．who D．what 8．A．decision B．difference C．role D．survey 9．A．happiness B．support C．dream D．hope 10．A．making B．thinking C．changing D．coming 11．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 12．A．While B．Since C．Whether D．If 13．A．education B．employment C．welfare D．society 14．A．action B．part C．place D．care 15．A．Actually B．Just C．Only D．Finally 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。文中提到出生率下降会带来的影响，并建议政府和社会应采取鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人福利、改善教育和就业市场等措施来解决这一问题。 1．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。 larger更大的；largest最大的；most最多的；more更多的。由常识可知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，形容人口数量最大用largest。故选B。 2．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。 up向上；by通过；down向下；off离开。由下文“ a falling birth rate”可知出生率持续下降，go down下降，为固定短语。故选C。 3．句意：这已经吸引了大量的注意力。 attention注意力；problems问题；trouble麻烦；damage破坏。draw attention引起注意，为固定表达，而且该题为现在完成时，表示到现在为止，事情已经发生，B、C、D不符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：这会给政府和社会带来更多的问题。 bring带来；take带走；get得到；fetch去取。根据“This will…more problems to the government and society.”可知，人口老龄化会给社会和国家带来问题。bring意为“带来”，符合语境。故选A。 5．句意：政府需要投入更多的资金来满足医疗、养老和老年人的其他需求，这将导致更大的压力。 another又一个，后加单数可数名词；the other另一个，指两者中的另一个，或特指另外一些；other其他的，后跟可数名词复数；others其他人，要单独使用。空后为可数名词复数，other符合语境。故选C。 6．句意：此外人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。 Besides而且；In fact事实上；However然而；Instead相反。根据下文“the aging population will also lead to labor shortages”可知，人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这是人口老龄化带来的另一个问题，besides意为“此外、而且”，符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：此外人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。 which指物，引导非限制性定语从句，和主句用逗号隔开；that可指人或物，不能引导非限制性定语从句；who指人；what用于宾语从句等。空处与主句之间有逗号隔开，且关系词需要指代前面整个句子，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 8．句意：其次，这将对家庭产生影响。 decision决定；difference不同；role角色；survey调查。 make a difference to sb./sth.意为“对某人/物产生影响”，为固定表达。故选B。 9．句意：在中国传统家庭中，孩子是家庭的希望。 happiness快乐；support支持；dream梦想；hope希望。根据“In a traditional Chinese family, children are the…of family.”可知，孩子是家庭的希望，hope符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：然而，这种想法现在正在改变。 making制作；thinking思考；changing改变；coming来。根据“However”以及“More and more people prefer to have fewer children, and some even don’t want to have children.”可知，此处表示转折，空处应是想法正在改变。changing符合语境。故选C。 11．句意：越来越多的人想要更少的孩子，有些人甚至不想要孩子。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词。空格后children为可数名词复数，fewer符合语境。故选B。 12．句意：如果人口下降，学校和企业将缺乏人才。 While当……时；Since自从；Whether是否；If如果。根据“the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent.”可知，前一句表示条件，如果人口下降，会导致后面的情况，应用If引导条件状语从句。故选D。 13．句意：这可能导致教育和就业市场竞争加剧，影响社会稳定和中国的文化、社会和经济发展。 education教育；employment雇用；welfare社会福利；society社会。由上文“Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment.”可知，出生率的下降会影响社会的发展，尤其是教育和就业方面，故education符合语境。故选A。 14．句意：现在政府和社会应该采取行动来解决这个问题，比如鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人的福利、改善教育和就业市场。 action行动；part角色；place地点；care关心。take action意为“采取行动”，为固定短语，符合语境。故选A。 15．句意：只有这样才能保证社会的发展和稳定。 Actually事实上；Just仅仅；Only只有；Finally最终。由下文“can social development and stability be guaranteed”可知，句子用了倒装结构，当“only+介词短语”置于句首时，句子要用倒装结构。表示“只有……才”。 故选C。 With the efforts and support from the government in many aspects (方面), a new socialist countryside (社会主义新农村) has 1 in China. The farmers have lived happy lives, and many 2 have been built. There are more new farmers with 3 knowledge of science and technology, laws and management. Many farming techniques (技能) have been modernized. With the 4 of scientists, farmers have used the latest technologies to increase agricultural production without harming the environment. As a result, the yearly income (收入) of the farmers has increased 5 their housing conditions have been improved as well. People in the 6 countryside are enjoying a clean, tidy and orderly environment. Besides, children can go to school 7 paying and have free lunch at school. They can read in the study 8 in the evening. Even there are some highways and railways 9 through the villages. The government also provides medical care system for farmers. The 10 socialist countryside has attracted foreigners. Nowadays 11 of them have come to visit it. We are happy for the farmers. We 12 the farmers will be richer and happier. Thanks to our 13 for building socialist countryside for us, as students, we should study hard to be well prepared for the 14 construction (建设) of the newer socialist countryside, thus making our 15 more beautiful and powerful. 1．A．imagined B．appeared C．opened D．carried 2．A．buildings B．movies C．bridges D．beaches 3．A．expensive B．cheap C．tall D．basic 4．A．heat B．door C．help D．gate 5．A．though B．and C．unless D．if 6．A．poor B．dirty C．small D．new 7．A．without B．between C．during D．upon 8．A．quickly B．hardly C．happily D．clearly 9．A．driving B．running C．riding D．closing 10．A．long B．short C．large D．beautiful 11．A．some B．neither C．both D．another 12．A．watch B．compare C．hope D．explain 13．A．school B．government C．scientist D．inventor 14．A．robot B．space C．hospital D．future 15．A．country B．street C．park D．road 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国新农村建设的成果和变化。 1．句意：在政府多方面的努力和支持下，中国出现了社会主义新农村。 imagined想象；appeared出现；opened打开；carried携带。根据“a new socialist countryside (社会主义新农村) has ... in China”可知，社会主义新农村出现在中国了。故选B。 2．句意：农民们过着幸福的生活，建造了许多建筑物。 buildings建筑物；movies电影；bridges桥；beaches海滩。根据下文“ their housing conditions have been improved as well”可知，此处指许多建筑物被建造。故选A。 3．句意：具有基本的科技、法律和管理知识的新农民越来越多。 expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的；tall高的；basic基本的。根据“Many farming techniques (技能) have been modernized. ”可知，许多农民现在具备基本的科技、法律和管理知识。故选D。 4．句意：在科学家的帮助下，农民们使用最新的技术在不损害环境的情况下增加了农业产量。 heat热量；door门；help帮助；gate大门。with the help of sb.“在某人的帮助下”，固定短语。故选C。 5．句意：因此，农民的年收入增加了，他们的住房条件也得到了改善。 though尽管；and而且；unless除非；if如果。前后句为并列关系，应用and连接。故选B。 6．句意：新农村的人们享受着一个干净、整洁、有序的环境。 poor贫穷的；dirty脏的；small小的；new新的。根据上文“a new socialist countryside”可知，此处指人们在新农村享受着一个干净、整洁、有序的环境。故选D。 7．句意：此外，孩子们可以免费上学，在学校吃免费午餐。 without没有；between在……之间；during在……期间；upon向上。根据“have free lunch at school”推知，孩子们可以免费上学。故选A。 8．句意：晚上他们可以在书房里愉快地读书。 quickly迅速地；hardly几乎不；happily愉快地；clearly清楚地。根据“They can read in the study ... in the evening.”可知，孩子们晚上可以在书房快乐地阅读。故选C。 9．句意：甚至还有一些公路和铁路穿过村庄。 driving驾驶；running跑；riding骑；closing关闭。根据“Even there are some highways and railways ... through the villages.”可知，高速公路和铁路穿过村庄；run through“穿过”。故选B。 10．句意：美丽的社会主义农村吸引了外国人。 long长的；short短的；large大的；beautiful漂亮的。根据“has attracted foreigners”可知，吸引外国人的应是美丽的社会主义农村。故选D。 11．句意：现在他们中的一些人来参观它。 some一些；neither都不；both两者；another另一个。根据“Nowadays ... of them have come to visit it. ”可知，此处指一些外国人来参观社会主义新农村，用some。故选A。 12．句意：我们希望农民更富裕，更幸福。 watch观看；compare比较；hope希望；explain解释。根据“the farmers will be richer and happier”可知，是希望农民更富裕、更幸福。故选C。 13．句意：感谢我们的政府为我们建设社会主义农村。 school学校；government政府；scientist科学家；inventor发明家。根据上文“With the efforts and support from the government in many aspects (方面)”可知，此处是感谢政府。故选B。 14．句意：作为学生，我们应该努力学习，为未来建设社会主义新农村做好准备。 robot机器人；space空间；hospital医院；future未来。根据“we should study hard to be well prepared for the ... construction (建设) of the newer socialist countryside”可知，努力学习，为未来的社会主义新农村建设做准备。故选D。 15．句意：从而使我们的国家更加美丽和强大。 country国家；street街道；park公园；road马路。根据“making our ... more beautiful and powerful.”可知，建设新农村会让我们的国家变得更加美丽和强大。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $