Unit 1 Science Fiction 单元阅读与写作 练习-2024-2025学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit 1 Science Fiction-单元阅读与写作配套练习 一、阅读理解。 A篇 Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.#1.5 1.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?( ) A.If read by someone poorly educated. B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic. 2.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?( ) A.It is packed with complex codes. B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C.It provides step-by-step instructions. D.It is intended for AI professionals. 3.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?( ) A.Observe existing regulations on it. B.Reconsider expert opinions about it. C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text?( ) A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. B篇 As new technologies take on increasingly humanlike qualities, there's been a push to make them genderless. “People are stereotyping (形成刻板印象) their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin, a Stanford associate professor of organizational behavior. Removing gender from the picture altogether seems like a simple way to fix this. Yet as Martin has found in her work, gender is one of the fundamental ways people form connections with objects, particularly those designed with human characteristics. In her study, Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male, female, and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.” It was found that gender increased users' feelings of attachment to these devices and their interest in purchasing them. For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices. While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity. The stereotypes commonly associated with men, such as competitiveness and dominance, are more valued than those associated with women. These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender. Martin's study also found that creating a genderless object was difficult. For instance, if an object's name was meant to sound genderless, like Miuu, participants would still assign a gender to it—they would assume Miuu was a “he” or “she.” Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism(拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes.” When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype-inconsistent roles—a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 1.What is the purpose of making new technologies genderless?( ) A.To reduce stereotypes. B.To meet public demand. C.To cut production costs. D.To encourage competition. 2.What were the participants probably asked to do in the study?( ) A.Design a product. B.Respond to a survey. C.Work as assistants. D.Take a language test. 3.Why is it difficult to create genderless objects?( ) A.They cannot be mass-produced. B.Naming them is a challenging task. C.People assume they are unreliable. D.Gender is rooted in people's mind. 4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?( ) A.The quality of genderless products. B.The upside of gendering a product. C.The meaning of anthropomorphism. D.The stereotypes of men and women. 二、词汇升级。 1.delay(推迟)→ ___________________________ (推迟) 2.a very important lecture(一个非常重要的讲座)→ ________________________(一个非常重要的讲座) 3.can't come to take part in the contest (不能前来参加比赛)→ _________________________________ (没有空参加比赛) 4.sorry for the trouble (为麻烦道歉)→ _____________________________(为带来的不便表示歉意) 5.thanks for understanding (感谢理解)→ _______________________________ (如能理解将不胜感激) 三、句式升级。 1.I'm really sorry, but we have to delay the English Drama Performance Competition. It was supposed to be held next Friday. →With sincerity, I'm writing to extend my apology for the postponement of the English Drama Performance Competition, _______________________________________.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 2.We didn't expect this, but there's a very important lecture on the same day, so many competitors can't come to take part in the contest. →Out of our expectations, a lecture of vital importance will fall on next Friday, which unavoidably conflicts with our initial arrangement, __________________________________________(动词-ing形式作结果状语). 四、话题写作。 假定你是校英语社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语戏剧比赛因故推迟，请给担任评委的外教Mr. Johnson写封邮件，内容包括： (1)表示歉意； (2)推迟原因及后续调整。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 Dear Mr. Johnson, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 一、CBCA ABDB 二、put off/postpone/postponement；a lecture of vital importance；not available to enter the contest；；understanding will be highly appreciated 三、which otherwise would be held next Friday； making many competitors not available to enter the contest 四、Dear Mr.Johnson, With sincerity, I'm writing to extend my apology for the postponement of the English Drama Performance Competition,which otherwise would be held next Friday. Out of our expectations, a lecture of vital importance will fall on next Friday, which unavoidably conflicts with our initial arrangement, making many competitors not available to enter the contest. Therefore, the contest has to be put off to next Sunday. Would it be convenient for you? I apologize again for any inconvenience it may bring to you and your understanding will be highly appreciated. Looking forward to your attendance! Yours, Li Hua ( 1 ) 学科网（北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $