Unit 6 Earth first重点单词变形,语法,短语,句型练习-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第二册

Unit 6 Earth first 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→ adj.害怕的；惊恐的 2．fortunately adv.幸运地→ adj.幸运的→ n．运气；财富 3．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→ adj.灭绝的 4．devote v．致力，献身，倾注→ adj.挚爱的；投入的→ n．致力；献身 5．cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴→ adj.残忍的；残酷的→ adv.残忍地；残酷地 6．hunting n．打猎，狩猎→ v．打猎，狩猎 7．affect v．影响→ n．影响 8．fog n．雾 → adj.多雾的；有雾的 9．infection n．感染，传染病→ v．传染 → adj.传染的；传染性的 10．permission n．允许，许可→ v．允许；许可 n．许可证 11．urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 n．强烈的欲望；迫切要求→ adj.紧急的；急迫的→ n．紧急；急迫 12．concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→ v．担忧；涉及 n．担忧 → prep.关于；就……而言 13．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→ n．贡献 一、单句语法填空 1．The (concern) parents gathered to discuss their children’s safety. 2．The doctor explained the (severe) of the patient’s condition. 3．Strict laws have been made to control the (release) of greenhouse gases. 4．The region is facing a shortage of water (supply) during the dry season. 5．The novel exposes the (cruel) of war through vivid stories. 6．They compared the two plans carefully, (highlight) the advantages of the second one. 7． (devote) to scientific research, the professor worked late into the night every day. 8．Your great efforts will get you (admit) to a key university. 9．The woman treated her (adopt) son very well. 10．I reserve the right (make) my own decision. 11．It was freezing and (fog), the ground was wet, and our clothes were not enough to keep us warm. 12． (sustain) development poses a question to us whether we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment. 13．We can’t make sure of your safety if you act without (permit). 14．Designers improved the pattern of this spacesuit to make it more (suit) for astronauts with slimmer figures. 15．In order to prevent the species from (extinct), the Chinese government took effective measures to place it under national protection. 16．…had a spare key (send) to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. 17．I attended a (present) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. 18．The mother left the baby (play) happily with toys while she was preparing dinner. 19．During the rush hour, the (major) of people in this city choose to ride bikes or take public transportation to avoid traffic jams. 20．When she was cooking , she heard someone (knock) at the door. 21．Remember to have the electric car (charge) at night so that we can use it for the long journey tomorrow. 22．After a big heavenly disaster, Ne zha and his friend Ao Bing almost had their bodies (destroy). 23．There is an (urge) need for the government to take necessary measures to reduce air pollution. 24．It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away— from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large (amount) of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 25．If you don’t concentrate your attention on your study, you’ll end up (fail) in the coming exam. 26．Cholera was caused by an (infect) from germs in food or water. 27．The widespread and serious (dry) in 2024 has had a great effect on crop yields. 28．To finish the work on time, I had to keep the machine (run) all day. 29．You must get the report (prepare) before 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. 30．If I can do something (make) others aware of the problem, then that’s part of the solution. 二、单词拼写 31．The flood has (影响) nearly 500,000 people. 32．You’re not allowed to film without (许可)。 33．Most people walk at an (平均的) rate of 5 kilometres an hour. 34．Teachers should be (严厉的) in class to maintain good discipline. 35．Rocks were seen (滚落) down from the hill when the earthquake happened. 36．The (大多数) of women taking part in the meet went for the agreement. 37．Before signing the contract, I asked the lawyer to have legal terms (阐明) to avoid misunderstandings. 38．The police are (催促，力劝) anyone with new information to come forward.   39．She saw her mother’s eyes (闪烁) with amusement. 40．The film Wolf Warrior directed by Wu Jing, (发行) in 2015, turned out to be a great hit. 三、完成句子 41．阳光的量和强度随着时间和地点的变化而变化。(amount) sunlight and the intensity of sunlight vary by the time of the day and the location. 42．日趋严重的极端天气和自然灾害不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。 The growing extreme weather and natural disasters , cost human lives. 43．青少年的好奇心会对他们的创造力产生积极影响。(effect) Adolescents’ curiosity their creativity. 44．有些人把人工智能看成是对他们工作的一种威胁。(see) Some people artificial intelligence their jobs. 45．许多孩子害怕因在讲英语时犯错误而受责备。 being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. 46．制定一个预算并坚持执行它，有助于你在日常生活中减少开支。 can help you in your daily life. 47．这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。 This tree is that one. 48．I from the room. 我发现他从房间里拿走了一些有价值的东西。 49．一个国家的经济问题往往会对全球产生巨大的影响。 The economic problems of one country often the whole world. 50．因为工作忙，并非每个人星期天都回家。 on Sunday because of busy work. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve (保护区), 51 (found) in 1992, focuses on protecting the ecosystem in the Yellow River Estuary (河口), 52 (particular) the endangered birds that live there. The reserve is the largest, most complete 53 youngest wetland nature reserve in the warm temperate zone of China. Over the past 30 years, 54 number of bird species in the reserve has doubled, increasing from 187 to the current 373 species. The migratory bird habitat (候鸟栖息地) at the Yellow River Estuary in Dongying 55 (list) as a World Natural Heritage site last July during the 46th session of UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee in New Delhi. The Yellow River Estuary is an important site for migratory birds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, 56 (earn) the nickname of “international airport for birds” from global experts. It is home to 26 species of birds under national first-class protection and 65 species under national second-class protection. Researchers were excited 57 (discover) bird species such as the Mute Swan and the Black-faced Spoonbill living and breeding (繁殖) in the reserve this year. Li Xingjie, a researcher 58 has been engaged in the study of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, said that the Yellow River Estuary is one of China’s six most beautiful 59 (wetland) . It serves as a successful model for 60 (environment) and ecological conservation. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yuanyang Hani Terraces (梯田) in Southwest China’s Yunnan province, a World Cultural Heritage site and Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System, were further honored when they 61 (add) to the 2025 World Heritage Irrigation Structures list on Sept 10. This mountain farming irrigation system, 62 has been used for over 1,300 years, is now one of the few agricultural 63 (civilization) worldwide to achieve all three heritage titles. The system demonstrates the Chinese nation’s ecological 64 (wise) of “harmonious coexistence between humans and nature”. The Yuanyang Hani Terraces are located in the Ailao Mountains along the southern bank of the Red River in Yunnan. According to research, the terraces were built as early as the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The local Hani ethnic group carved the terraces along the mountain slopes, 65 (pass) down their agricultural practices through generations. Locals regard the mountain forests 66 “sacred”, where trees are banned from being cut down on a whim. Ma Youde, a villager, says: “If anyone needs wood to build a house, it must be approved by the entire village. 67 (specific), after a tree is cut down, it must promptly be replaced.” In recent years, the ecological and cultural value of the Hani Terraces 68 (gain) global recognition. The local government has implemented multiple measures, including village planning and comprehensive monitoring systems, 69 (enhance) the protection and sustainable utilization of this heritage. The Yuanyang Hani Terraces represent both 70 agricultural marvel and a cultural legacy. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Earth first 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的 2．fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气；财富 3．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的 4．devote v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj.挚爱的；投入的→devotion n．致力；献身 5．cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地 6．hunting n．打猎，狩猎→hunt v．打猎，狩猎 7．affect v．影响→effect n．影响 8．fog n．雾 →foggy adj.多雾的；有雾的 9．infection n．感染，传染病→infect v．传染 →infectious adj.传染的；传染性的 10．permission n．允许，许可→permit v．允许；许可 n．许可证 11．urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 n．强烈的欲望；迫切要求→urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的→urgency n．紧急；急迫 12．concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→concern v．担忧；涉及 n．担忧→concerning prep.关于；就……而言 13．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献→contribution n．贡献 一、单句语法填空 1．The (concern) parents gathered to discuss their children’s safety. 【答案】concerned 【详解】考查形容词。句意：忧心忡忡的父母聚在一起讨论孩子的安全问题。所给词“concern”既可作动词也可作名词，此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词“parents”。“concerned”是形容词，意为“担心的；忧虑的”，常用来描述人 “感到担忧的”，符合语境。故填concerned。 2．The doctor explained the (severe) of the patient’s condition. 【答案】severity 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生向患者解释了其病情的严重程度。根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式severity作宾语表示“严重性、严重程度”。故填severity。 3．Strict laws have been made to control the (release) of greenhouse gases. 【答案】release 【详解】考查名词。句意：已经制定了严格的法律来控制温室气体的排放。根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式release作宾语表示“释放、排放”。故填release。 4．The region is facing a shortage of water (supply) during the dry season. 【答案】supply 【详解】考查名词。句意：该地区在旱季面临供水短缺。空处使用名词作of的宾语，water supply“供水”，故填supply。 5．The novel exposes the (cruel) of war through vivid stories. 【答案】cruelty 【详解】考查名词。句意：这部小说通过生动的故事揭露了战争的残酷。根据空前的the可知，空处需用名词作宾语，cruel的名词形式是cruelty“残酷，残忍”，此处表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填cruelty。 6．They compared the two plans carefully, (highlight) the advantages of the second one. 【答案】highlighting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们仔细比较了两个计划，突出了第二个计划的优点。句中已有谓语动词compared，空处需填非谓语动词形式，主语They与highlight之间为主动关系，需用现在分词形式作状语。故填highlighting。 7． (devote) to scientific research, the professor worked late into the night every day. 【答案】Devoted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位教授致力于科学研究，每天都工作到深夜。句中已有谓语动词worked，所以设空处应用非谓语动词，因空白处与其逻辑主语the professor之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词作原因状语，句首单词首字母需大写，故填Devoted。 8．Your great efforts will get you (admit) to a key university. 【答案】admitted 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：你付出的巨大努力会让你被一所重点大学录取。根据语境“巨大努力、重点大学”推测，此处需用“get + 宾语 + 过去分词作宾补 (使……被……)”。you与admit是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式admitted。故填admitted。 9．The woman treated her (adopt) son very well. 【答案】adopted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那位妇女对她的养子很好。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词son，结合句意“收养的”是adopted，符合语境。故填adopted。 10．I reserve the right (make) my own decision. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我保留自己做决定的权利。空处使用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词right，the right to do sth“做某事的权利”，故填to make。 11．It was freezing and (fog), the ground was wet, and our clothes were not enough to keep us warm. 【答案】foggy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：天气寒冷且雾气弥漫，地面湿滑，而我们的衣物根本不足以让我们保暖。and连接形容词freezing和所填词作was的表语，所填词要用形容词。fog对应的形容词是foggy，表示“有雾的”。故填foggy。 12． (sustain) development poses a question to us whether we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment. 【答案】Sustainable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：可持续发展向我们提出了一个问题：我们是否能够在不破坏环境的情况下继续发展世界。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词development；sustain的形容词为sustainable“可持续的”，句首首字母需大写。故填Sustainable。 13．We can’t make sure of your safety if you act without (permit). 【答案】permission 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你未经许可就行动，我们无法保证你的安全。分析句子可知，设空处前为介词without，应填名词作宾语，“许可”对应的名词是permission，且permission为不可数名词，故填permission。 14．Designers improved the pattern of this spacesuit to make it more (suit) for astronauts with slimmer figures. 【答案】suitable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：设计师改进了这种宇航服的式样，使它更适合身材苗条的宇航员。空格处用形容词作宾语补足语，suit的形容词是suitable，意为“适合的”，和前面的more构成比较级，故填suitable。 15．In order to prevent the species from (extinct), the Chinese government took effective measures to place it under national protection. 【答案】extinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了防止该物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施将其列为国家保护动物。空格处用名词作宾语，extinct的名词是extinction，意为“灭绝”，是不可数名词，故填extinction。 16．…had a spare key (send) to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. 【答案】sent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：……让人给我送了一把备用钥匙，时间刚好够我在演员们到达之前进去。句中已有谓语动词had，因此空格处需用非谓语动词形式，此处a spare key与send之间是被动关系，即钥匙被送。have+宾语+过去分词是固定结构，表示“让某事被做”，所以空处使用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填sent。 17．I attended a (present) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. 【答案】presentation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我在高中时参加了野生动物保护主义者格兰特・布朗的一场演讲。作动词的宾语，表示“演讲”用名词presentation，不定冠词提示用单数。故填presentation。 18．The mother left the baby (play) happily with toys while she was preparing dinner. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：妈妈在准备晚餐时，让宝宝开心地玩着玩具。the baby与play为主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。leave sb. doing sth.是固定结构。故填playing。 19．During the rush hour, the (major) of people in this city choose to ride bikes or take public transportation to avoid traffic jams. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：在高峰时段，这个城市的大多数人选择骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具以避免交通堵塞。提示词作主语，用名词majority，意为“大多数”；the majority of“大多数……”。故填majority。 20．When she was cooking , she heard someone (knock) at the door. 【答案】knocking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当她做饭时，她听到有人在敲门。空处应填非谓语动词，hear sb. doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“听见某人正在做某事”，结合句意可知，此处表示她听到有人正在敲门，故空处应填现在分词作宾补。故填knocking。 21．Remember to have the electric car (charge) at night so that we can use it for the long journey tomorrow. 【答案】charged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：记得晚上给电动汽车充电，这样我们明天长途旅行就能用得上它。the electric car与charge为被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语。故填charged。 22．After a big heavenly disaster, Ne zha and his friend Ao Bing almost had their bodies (destroy). 【答案】destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在一场天灾之后，哪吒和他的朋友敖丙几乎被毁了。have sth. done是固定短语，意为“使某物被……”，因此空格处用过去分词destroyed，表被动，作宾语补足语，故填destroyed。 23．There is an (urge) need for the government to take necessary measures to reduce air pollution. 【答案】urgent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府迫切需要采取必要措施来减少空气污染。空格处需要填入形容词来修饰名词“need”，所给词“urge”的形容词形式为urgent，表示“迫切的”。故填 urgent。 24．It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away— from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large (amount) of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 【答案】amounts 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少原本很好的食物被扔掉了———从“丑陋”（但还可以吃）的蔬菜被杂货店拒绝，到大量没吃的菜被扔进餐馆的垃圾桶。句中large amounts of为固定短语，意为“大量的”，填名词amount复数形式。故填amounts。 25．If you don’t concentrate your attention on your study, you’ll end up (fail) in the coming exam. 【答案】failing 【详解】考查动词固定结构。句意：如果你不集中注意力学习，你就会在即将到来的考试中失败。end up doing“最终做某事”。故填failing。 26．Cholera was caused by an (infect) from germs in food or water. 【答案】infection 【详解】考查名词。句意：霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。空处作by的宾语，空前有冠词an，应用infect的名词形式infection，意为“感染”。故填infection。 27．The widespread and serious (dry) in 2024 has had a great effect on crop yields. 【答案】drought 【详解】考查名词。句意：2024年广泛而严重的旱灾对农作物产量产生了很大影响。提示词作主语，用名词drought，表示“干旱，旱灾”，不可数名词。故填drought。 28．To finish the work on time, I had to keep the machine (run) all day. 【答案】running 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：为了按时完成工作，我不得不让机器运转一整天。分析句子可知，这里考查keep sth doing，表“使某物持续进行某动作”，为固定搭配，其中doing为现在分词作宾补。故填running。 29．You must get the report (prepare) before 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. 【答案】prepared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你必须在明天早上7点之前把报告准备好。the report和prepare之间是动宾关系，get在这里为使役动词，get sth. done意为“使某事被做”，过去分词作宾补。故填prepared。 30．If I can do something (make) others aware of the problem, then that’s part of the solution. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查不定式。句意：如果我能做点什么让别人意识到这个问题，那么这就是解决方案的一部分。空处应用动词不定式形式在句中作定语，修饰不定代词something。故填to make。 二、单词拼写 31．The flood has (影响) nearly 500,000 people. 【答案】affected 【详解】考查动词。句意：这场洪水已经影响了大约50万人。表示“影响”用动词affect，句中强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，故空处填affect的过去分词形式和has构成现在完成时。故填affected。 32．You’re not allowed to film without (许可)。 【答案】permission 【详解】考查名词。句意：未经许可，你不允许拍摄。without是介词，后接名词作宾语，permission表示“许可”，表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填permission。 33．Most people walk at an (平均的) rate of 5 kilometres an hour. 【答案】average 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数人以每小时5公里的平均速度行走。修饰名词rate，用形容词形式。形容词“平均的”英文为average。故填average。 34．Teachers should be (严厉的) in class to maintain good discipline. 【答案】strict/severe 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师在课堂上应该严厉以维持良好的纪律。根据句子结构和汉语提示“严厉的”可知，空处应填形容词strict或severe，作表语。故填strict/severe。 35．Rocks were seen (滚落) down from the hill when the earthquake happened. 【答案】rolling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地震发生时，人们看到岩石从山上滚落下来。根据汉语提示“滚落”可知，此处应填动词roll，结合语境可知，此处是固定搭配see sb./sth. doing sth.，意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，其被动形式为sb./sth. be seen doing sth.，故空处应填现在分词作主语补足语。故填rolling。 36．The (大多数) of women taking part in the meet went for the agreement. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：参加会议的大多数妇女都赞成这项协议。根据汉语提示“大多数”可知，空处应用名词majority，作主语，意为“大多数”，为可数名词，the majority of...意为“大多数……”，为固定短语。故填majority。 37．Before signing the contract, I asked the lawyer to have legal terms (阐明) to avoid misunderstandings. 【答案】clarified 【详解】考查动词。句意：在签署合同之前，我请律师对合同中的法律条款进行了详细解释，以避免产生误解。根据汉语提示可知用动词clarify，且与宾语legal terms构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，构成结构：have + 宾语 + 过去分词（have sth. done），表示“让他人完成某事”。故填clarified。 38．The police are (催促，力劝) anyone with new information to come forward.   【答案】urging 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：警方正在敦促任何有新信息的人站出来。“催促，力劝”用动词urge，根据句意和助动词“are”可知，此处要用现在进行时are urging表示正在发生的事情。故填urging。 39．She saw her mother’s eyes (闪烁) with amusement. 【答案】twinkle 【详解】考查动词。句意：她看到她母亲的眼睛闪烁着愉悦的光芒。根据汉语提示“闪烁”可知，应用动词twinkle；句中已有谓语动词saw，所以twinkle要用非谓语形式，eyes与twinkle为主动关系，see sb./sth. doing sth.表示“看见某人/某物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行，此处表示看到母亲的眼睛正闪烁着光芒，所以用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填twinkling。 40．The film Wolf Warrior directed by Wu Jing, (发行) in 2015, turned out to be a great hit. 【答案】released 【详解】考查动词。句意：2015年上映的吴京导演的电影《战狼》大获成功。根据汉语提示可知用动词release，与film构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填released。 三、完成句子 41．阳光的量和强度随着时间和地点的变化而变化。(amount) sunlight and the intensity of sunlight vary by the time of the day and the location. 【答案】 The amount of 【详解】考查固定短语。the amount of为固定表达，意为“……的量”。句首单词首字母大写。故填①The②amount③of。 42．日趋严重的极端天气和自然灾害不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。 The growing extreme weather and natural disasters , cost human lives. 【答案】 not only cause serious damage but also 【详解】考查固定搭配，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“不仅造成严重破坏，还”，“不仅……还……”是固定短语not only...but also...，“造成严重破坏”是cause serious damage，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The growing extreme weather and natural disasters是复数，因此cause用原形，故填①not；②only；③cause；④serious；⑤damage；⑥but；also。 43．青少年的好奇心会对他们的创造力产生积极影响。(effect) Adolescents’ curiosity their creativity. 【答案】 will have a positive effect on/upon 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。根据句意及提示可知，“have an effect on/upon ...”为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”；“积极的”译为positive，修饰名词effect，且positive以辅音音素开头，前面用不定冠词a，即“a positive effect”，此处描述的是一种客观情况，可用一般将来时，表示一种必然的结果或趋势，其结构为“will + 动词原形”。故填①will②have③a④positive⑤effect⑥on/upon。 44．有些人把人工智能看成是对他们工作的一种威胁。(see) Some people artificial intelligence their jobs. 【答案】 see as a threat to 【详解】考查固定搭配。“see ... as ...”为固定搭配，意为“把……看作……”；“一种威胁”可译为a threat，“对……的威胁”用介词to连接，即“a threat to”，根据句意，此处描述的是一种客观情况，应用一般现在时，主语“Some people”为复数，谓语动词用原形see。故填①see；②as；③a；④threat；⑤to。 45．许多孩子害怕因在讲英语时犯错误而受责备。 being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. 【答案】 Many children are scared/frightened/afraid of 【详解】考查固定搭配和主谓一致。“许多孩子”译为“many children”，在句中作主语；“害怕……”译为“be scared/frightened/afraid of ...”，为固定搭配，根据句意，此处描述的是一种客观情况，应用一般现在时，be动词用are。故填①Many；②children；③are；④scared/frightened/afraid；⑤of。 46．制定一个预算并坚持执行它，有助于你在日常生活中减少开支。 can help you in your daily life. 【答案】 Making a budget and sticking to it reduce expenses 【详解】考查动名词及动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，第一空需要补全 “制定一个预算并坚持执行它”，“制定一个预算”译为make a budget，“坚持执行它”译为stick to it，两个动作并列作主语，需用动名词形式，即Making a budget and sticking to it；第二空需要补全“减少开支”，“help sb. do sth.”为固定用法，“减少开支”译为reduce expenses。故填①Making a budget and sticking to it②reduce expenses。      47．这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。 This tree is that one. 【答案】three times as tall as/three times taller than/three times the height of 【详解】考查倍数表达法。表示“A是B的多少倍”应用句型A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B，或者A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B，或A+be+倍数+the+名词(height/width/depth/size,etc.)+of+B。故答案为three times as tall as/three times taller than/three times the height of。 48．I from the room. 我发现他从房间里拿走了一些有价值的东西。 【答案】caught him taking away something valuable 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“发现某人做某事”短语为catch sb. doing sth.；表示“拿走了一些有价值的东西”为taking away something valuable。发生在过去用一般过去时。故填caught him taking away something valuable。 49．一个国家的经济问题往往会对全球产生巨大的影响。 The economic problems of one country often the whole world. 【答案】have a great effect on 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“对……产生巨大影响”为固定短语have a great effect on，根据句意以及副词often可知，此处表示经常发生的动作，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词使用动词原形。故填have a great effect on。 50．因为工作忙，并非每个人星期天都回家。 on Sunday because of busy work. 【答案】Not everyone goes home 【详解】考查部分否定以及时态。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要需补全“并非每个人都回家”。在英语中，“并非每个人”可以用“not everyone”来表达，这是一个部分否定的结构，表示“不是所有人”。而“回家”则可以用“go home”来表达，根据时间状语on Sunday可知，句子为一般现在时态。因为everyone是第三人称单数，所以动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填Not everyone goes home。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve (保护区), 51 (found) in 1992, focuses on protecting the ecosystem in the Yellow River Estuary (河口), 52 (particular) the endangered birds that live there. The reserve is the largest, most complete 53 youngest wetland nature reserve in the warm temperate zone of China. Over the past 30 years, 54 number of bird species in the reserve has doubled, increasing from 187 to the current 373 species. The migratory bird habitat (候鸟栖息地) at the Yellow River Estuary in Dongying 55 (list) as a World Natural Heritage site last July during the 46th session of UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee in New Delhi. The Yellow River Estuary is an important site for migratory birds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, 56 (earn) the nickname of “international airport for birds” from global experts. It is home to 26 species of birds under national first-class protection and 65 species under national second-class protection. Researchers were excited 57 (discover) bird species such as the Mute Swan and the Black-faced Spoonbill living and breeding (繁殖) in the reserve this year. Li Xingjie, a researcher 58 has been engaged in the study of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, said that the Yellow River Estuary is one of China’s six most beautiful 59 (wetland) . It serves as a successful model for 60 (environment) and ecological conservation. 【答案】 51．founded 52．particularly 53．and 54．the 55．was listed 56．earning 57．to discover 58．who/that 59．wetlands 60．environmental 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了1992年成立的山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区，聚焦其对黄河口生态系统及濒危鸟类的保护成果，同时点明该保护区是中国最美湿地之一，也是环境与生态保护的成功典范。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区成立于1992年，重点保护黄河口的生态系统，尤其是栖息于此的濒危鸟类。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语“Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve”与“found（建立）”是被动关系，需用过去分词形式founded。故填founded。 52．考查副词。句意：山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区成立于1992年，重点保护黄河口的生态系统，尤其是栖息于此的濒危鸟类。空处作评注性状语，需用副词particularly。故填particularly。 53．考查并列连词。句意：该保护区是中国暖温带地区面积最大、最完整且最年轻的湿地自然保护区。“largest（最大的）”、“most complete（最完整的）”和“youngest（最年轻的）”是三个并列的形容词最高级，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 54．考查定冠词和固定短语。句意：过去30年间，保护区内的鸟类种类增加了一倍，从187种增至目前的373种。结合句意以及谓语动词“has doubled”可知，这里表达“……的数量”含义，应是“the number of”。故填the。 55．考查时态和语态。句意：去年7月，在印度新德里举行的联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会第四十六届会议上，东营黄河口候鸟栖息地被列入世界自然遗产名录。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“last July”可知，用一般过去时，且主语“The migratory bird habitat(候鸟栖息地)”与动词“list(把……列入名单)”之间为被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故填was listed。 56．考查现在分词。句意：黄河口是东亚——澳大利西亚迁徙路线上候鸟的重要栖息地，被全球专家誉为“鸟类国际机场”。“___6____ (earn) the nickname of...”为结果状语，该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，用现在分词形式。故填earning。 57．考查动词不定式。句意：研究人员今年欣喜地发现，疣鼻天鹅、黑脸琵鹭等鸟类物种正在该保护区内栖息繁殖。“be excited to do sth”是固定用法，表示“兴奋地做某事”，此处为动词不定式作原因状语。故填to discover。 58．考查定语从句关系词。句意：李兴杰（音译）是一位一直致力于黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区研究的学者，他表示黄河入海口是中国六处最美丽的湿地之一。空处引导定语从句，先行词a researcher，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 59．考查名词复数。句意：李兴杰是一名长期从事黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区研究的科研人员，他表示，黄河口是中国六大最美湿地之一。“one of+the+most+adj.+名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，因此，这里用名词复数。故填wetlands。 60．考查形容词。句意：它堪称环境与生态保护的成功典范。根据并列连词“and”可推知，这里应是形容词，与之后的形容词“ecological(生态的)”并列共同修饰名词“conservation(保护)”，environment的形容词形式为environmental。故填environmental。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yuanyang Hani Terraces (梯田) in Southwest China’s Yunnan province, a World Cultural Heritage site and Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System, were further honored when they 61 (add) to the 2025 World Heritage Irrigation Structures list on Sept 10. This mountain farming irrigation system, 62 has been used for over 1,300 years, is now one of the few agricultural 63 (civilization) worldwide to achieve all three heritage titles. The system demonstrates the Chinese nation’s ecological 64 (wise) of “harmonious coexistence between humans and nature”. The Yuanyang Hani Terraces are located in the Ailao Mountains along the southern bank of the Red River in Yunnan. According to research, the terraces were built as early as the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The local Hani ethnic group carved the terraces along the mountain slopes, 65 (pass) down their agricultural practices through generations. Locals regard the mountain forests 66 “sacred”, where trees are banned from being cut down on a whim. Ma Youde, a villager, says: “If anyone needs wood to build a house, it must be approved by the entire village. 67 (specific), after a tree is cut down, it must promptly be replaced.” In recent years, the ecological and cultural value of the Hani Terraces 68 (gain) global recognition. The local government has implemented multiple measures, including village planning and comprehensive monitoring systems, 69 (enhance) the protection and sustainable utilization of this heritage. The Yuanyang Hani Terraces represent both 70 agricultural marvel and a cultural legacy. 【答案】 61．were added 62．which 63．civilizations 64．wisdom 65．passing 66．as 67．Specifically 68．has gained 69．to enhance 70．an 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍云南元阳哈尼梯田入选2025年世界灌溉工程遗产，及其历史、生态智慧、保护措施和双重价值。 61．考查动词语态和时态。句意：9月10日，中国云南省的元阳哈尼梯田——世界文化遗产和全球重要农业文化遗产系统——被列入2025年世界灌溉工程遗产名录，再获殊荣。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“on Sept 10”及语境，描述过去发生的“被列入”动作，用一般过去时；且they（指代梯田）与add为被动关系，主语为复数，所以谓语动词为were added。故填were added。 62．考查定语从句。句意：这一已有1300多年历史的山地农业灌溉系统，如今是全球少数获得三项遗产称号的农业文明之一。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为This mountain farming irrigation system，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 63．考查名词复数。句意：这一已有1300多年历史的山地农业灌溉系统，如今是全球少数获得三项遗产称号的农业文明之一。civilization为可数名词，根据前文“one of the few+名词复数”可知，此处表示“多个农业文明”，应用复数形式civilizations。故填civilizations。 64．考查名词。句意：该系统体现了中华民族“人与自然和谐共生”的生态智慧。此处作宾语，用wise的名词形式wisdom，意为“智慧”，为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：当地哈尼族群众沿山坡开垦梯田，将农耕技艺代代相传。此处为非谓语动词，The local Hani ethnic group与pass为主动关系，所以用现在分词passing作状语。故填passing。 66．考查介词。句意：当地人视山林为“神圣之地”，禁止随意砍伐树木。此处为固定搭配“regard...as...”，意为“把……视为……”，所以用介词as。故填as。 67．考查副词。句意：具体来说，一棵树被砍伐后，必须及时补种。此处修饰整个分句，用specific的副词形式specifically，意为“具体来说”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Specifically。 68．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，哈尼梯田的生态和文化价值获得了全球认可。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In recent years”，强调从过去持续到现在的成果，用现在完成时；主语the ecological and cultural value为单数，所以谓语动词为has gained。故填has gained。 69．考查非谓语动词。句意：当地政府实施了包括村庄规划和综合监测系统在内的多项措施，以加强对这一遗产的保护和可持续利用。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，“实施措施”的目的是“加强保护和利用”，用动词不定式to enhance作目的状语。故填to enhance。 70．考查冠词。句意：元阳哈尼梯田既是一项农业奇迹，也是一份文化遗产。marvel为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一项农业奇迹”，且agricultural是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $