寒假作业10 语法填空+高考必考题型（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业10 语法填空+高考必考题型 一、语法填空四大核心题型及解题技巧 1. 纯空格类（无提示词） 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型无任何提示词，需考生根据语篇语境和语法规则，直接填入恰当的单词（多为虚词）。在高考中占比约4-6题，是基础必得分题型，也是高一学生需重点掌握的核心题型。 考查内容主要涉及：冠词、介词、代词、连词（并列连词、从属连词）、情态动词等。其中，冠词的泛指/特指辨析、介词的固定搭配、定语从句/名词性从句引导词、并列连词（and/but/or/so）的逻辑判断是高频考点。 技巧点拨 (1) 先判词性，锁定范围：无提示词空格后若为名词（单数可数），优先考虑冠词（a/an/the）；若空格后为动词-ing形式或名词，且前后为修饰关系，优先考虑介词；若空格在句中作主语、宾语，且指代前文或后文内容，优先考虑代词（it/they/this/that/those/these/one等）。 (2) 分析句式，确定连词：若空格前后为两个完整句子（有主谓结构），则需判断逻辑关系，填入并列连词（表转折but、因果so、选择or、并列and等）或从属连词（引导状语从句的when/while/if/because等、引导名词性从句的that/what/who等、引导定语从句的which/that/who/where等）。 (3) 验证语境，排除干扰：填入单词后，需通读前后句，确认语法正确且符合语义逻辑。例如，定语从句引导词需判断先行词在从句中作主语、宾语还是状语，避免误填which/that。 2. 词形变化类（有提示词） 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型给出提示词（多为实词：动词、名词、形容词、副词），需考生根据语法规则和语境，将提示词变形为正确形式。在高考中占比约6-8题，是考查实词用法的核心题型，对高一学生的词形转换能力和语境分析能力要求较高。 考查内容主要涉及：动词的时态/语态/非谓语动词、名词的单复数/所有格、形容词与副词的转换及比较级/最高级、词性转换（如动词变名词、形容词变名词等）。 技巧点拨 (1) 提示词为动词：先判断谓语/非谓语。若空格在句中作谓语，需结合主语单复数、时间状语判断时态（一般现在/过去时、现在完成时等），再判断语态（主动/被动）；若空格不作谓语（如作定语、状语、宾语补足语等），则考虑非谓语动词（to do/doing/done），注意固定搭配（如want to do、enjoy doing、seen done等）。 (2) 提示词为名词：若空格前有冠词（a/an/the）、数词（many/few/three等）或形容词修饰，需判断单复数；若表示“……的”，则考虑所有格（'s或of结构）。 (3) 提示词为形容词/副词：修饰名词、代词用形容词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用副词；若有比较范围（than、of all、in the class等），则考虑比较级/最高级。 (4) 词性转换：若空格处需要的词性与提示词不一致，需进行转换（如vary→variety/various、strong→strength、decide→decision等），注意常见后缀（-tion/-ment/-ness/-ful/-ly等）。 3. 固定搭配类 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型可分为“有提示词”和“无提示词”两种情况，核心考查考生对英语固定短语、固定句型的掌握程度。在高考中占比约2-3题，是易失分题型，因为高一学生常因记忆不牢固或忽视语境而错填。 考查内容主要涉及：介词+名词/代词/动名词的固定搭配（如take part in、be good at）、动词+介词/副词的固定短语（如look forward to、turn down）、固定句型（如It's + adj. + for/of sb. to do、so...that...、such...that...、not only...but also...等）。 技巧点拨 (1) 锁定核心词，联想搭配：看到空格前后的核心动词、名词或形容词，立即联想与之相关的固定搭配。例如，看到“devote”，想到“devote oneself to doing”；看到“accustomed”，想到“be accustomed to”。 (2) 关注句型结构，精准补全：若句子结构符合某一固定句型，需根据句型要求补全单词。例如，看到“It's + adj. + ____ sb. to do”，需判断用for（形容词描述事情难易）还是of（形容词描述人的品质）；看到“____ + hard work + that...”，需想到强调句型“It is/was...that...”。 (3) 结合语境验证，避免机械记忆：部分固定搭配有多种含义，需根据语篇语义选择正确形式。例如，“put on”（穿上、上演）、“put off”（推迟），需结合上下文判断。 4. 语境逻辑类 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型需考生跳出单纯的语法规则，结合语篇的上下文语义、逻辑关系（转折、因果、递进、让步等）来确定答案，是体现新课标“语用能力”考查要求的核心题型。在高考中占比约1-2题，对高一学生的语篇理解能力要求较高。 考查内容主要涉及：逻辑连接词（however、therefore、besides、although等）、代词（指代前文/后文的人或物）、动词/形容词/副词的语义匹配（需符合上下文情感或逻辑）。 技巧点拨 (1) 通读上下文，把握逻辑关系：解题前先通读全段或全文，明确空格前后句子的语义关系（是转折、因果、递进还是让步）。例如，前文说“天气不好”，后文说“我们还是去了公园”，则空格需填表转折的however/but。 (2) 锁定指代对象，精准选代词：若空格为代词，需找到其指代的前文内容（单数/复数、人/物），避免指代错误。例如，前文提到“the book”，后文空格需填it；提到“the students”，需填they/them。 (3) 结合情感态度，匹配语义：若提示词为形容词/副词，需根据上下文的情感倾向（积极/消极、褒义/贬义）选择正确形式。例如，前文说“he failed the exam”，后文空格填“sadly”而非“happily”。 二、通用解题步骤 1. 通读全文，把握主旨：快速浏览全文，了解文章体裁（记叙文/议论文/说明文）、主题和大致情节，为语境逻辑判断奠定基础。 2. 分题突破，先易后难：先做纯空格类、固定搭配类等基础题，再做词形变化类、语境逻辑类等稍难题，避免在难题上浪费时间。 3. 验证复查，确保无误：完成所有空格后，通读全文，检查语法是否正确（时态、语态、单复数等）、语义是否连贯、固定搭配是否准确，修正错误。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 （一） Nowadays, more and more people are paying attention to environmental protection. One of the effective ways is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones. For example, using cloth bags instead of plastic bags can reduce pollution. Many people don't realize that disposable products are harmful to 1. ____ environment. They take hundreds of years to decompose (分解). 2. ____ (throw) them away randomly will not only pollute the land but also the water. Last month, our school organized 3. ____ activity called “Green Life, Start with Me”. Students brought their own cloth bags to school and refused to use plastic bags. Some students also made posters to tell people about the 4. ____ (important) of environmental protection. As teenagers, we should take part in environmental protection activities actively. We can also advise our families and friends 5. ____ (save) energy and reduce waste. Only by working together 6. ____ we make the world a better place to live in. 7. ____ is everyone's duty to protect the environment. Let's take action now! Don't wait until it's too late. In addition, the government should make more laws to punish those 8. ____ damage the environment. With the joint efforts of the government, society and individuals, we 9. ____ (sure) achieve our goal of environmental protection. Remember, every small action counts. Even 10. ____ simple thing like turning off the lights when leaving a room can make a difference. 11. ____ we stick to these small actions, we will see great changes in the environment. A recent survey shows that 80% of people are willing to take part in environmental protection activities. This is 12. ____ encouraging result. It shows that people's environmental awareness 13. ____ (improve) greatly in recent years. Let's continue to spread the idea of green life and make 14. ____ (we) planet more beautiful. 15. ____ (final), we believe that a green future is waiting for us. （二） My favorite hobby is reading. I have loved reading 1. ____ I was a little child. My parents often read stories to me before I went to bed, 2. ____ made me fall in love with books. Books are my best friends. They can take me to different places and let me know about different 3. ____ (culture). When I read a book about history, I feel as if I were traveling back to the past and 4. ____ (meet) great people in history. When I read a novel, I can experience the feelings of the characters in the story. I usually read books in the library or at home. The library is a quiet place 5. ____ I can read freely without being disturbed. There are all kinds of books in the library, 6. ____ (include) history books, novels, science books and so on. I often borrow books from the library and read them at home. Sometimes, I read books 7. ____ (careful) and take notes of the important points. Reading is very 8. ____ (benefit) to me. It improves my vocabulary and helps me 9. ____ (improve) my writing skills. It also broadens my horizons and makes me more knowledgeable. 10. ____ I meet difficulties in my study or life, reading can help me relax and find solutions to the problems. Last week, I read a book called The Old Man and the Sea. It tells a story about an old fisherman 11. ____ fights with a big fish. The old man never gives up 12. ____ facing difficulties. His spirit deeply touches me. I learned that we should be brave and persistent when we meet challenges. I hope more people can love reading. Reading can make our life 13. ____ (color) and meaningful. Let's read more books and enjoy 14. ____ pleasure of reading. 15. ____ (read) is a lifelong journey that brings us endless happiness. （三） Sports are an important part of people's life. They not only help people keep healthy but also bring people happiness. Different people like different sports. Some people like ball games, 1. ____ others like outdoor sports. I like playing basketball very much. I started playing basketball when I was in junior high school. At first, I was not good at it. My teacher taught me how 2. ____ (play) it. He told me that I should practice more and never give up. With his help, I made great progress. Now, I can play basketball 3. ____ (well) than before. Playing basketball is a team sport. It requires cooperation 4. ____ team members. When we play basketball together, we need to pass the ball to each other and help each other. This helps me learn how to work with others. 5. ____ (play) basketball also makes me more confident. When I score a goal, I feel very proud. Every weekend, I play basketball with my friends in the park. We usually play for two hours. After playing basketball, we feel tired 6. ____ happy. Sometimes, we also watch basketball matches on TV. We cheer for our favorite teams and players. There are many benefits of playing sports. First, it can improve our physical health. Playing sports can strengthen our muscles and bones, and reduce the risk of illness. Second, it can improve our mental health. Sports can help us reduce stress and anxiety. Third, it can help us make more friends. When we take part in sports activities, we can meet people 7. ____ have the same interest as us. It's important for teenagers 8. ____ (take) part in sports activities regularly. We should spend more time 9. ____ (do) sports instead of playing computer games all day. 10. ____ we keep doing sports, we will have a strong body and a healthy mind. Last month, our school held a sports meeting. I took part in the basketball match. Our team fought hard and won the match. We were all very excited. This experience made me realize the importance of teamwork 11. ____ more deeply. I think everyone should choose a sport that he or she likes and stick to it. Sports can make our life 12. ____ (good) and more enjoyable. 13. ____ (final), I want to say that sports are not only for winning but also for enjoying the process. 14. ____ is the spirit of sports that makes us stronger and braver. 15. ____ (play) sports is a good way to live a healthy life. （四） Traveling is a wonderful experience. It allows us to see different places, meet different people and learn about different customs. 1. ____ my opinion, traveling is one of the best ways to relax and broaden our horizons. Last summer vacation, I traveled to Beijing with my family. Beijing is the capital of China. It has a long history and many famous 2. ____ (attract). We first visited the Great Wall. The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. It is very long and magnificent. When I stood on the Great Wall, I felt very proud of our country. 3. ____ (climb) the Great Wall was a little tiring, but I enjoyed the process very much. Then we visited the Forbidden City. It was the home of the emperors in ancient China. The buildings there are very beautiful and grand. We learned a lot about Chinese history from the guide. We also visited Tiananmen Square. It is the largest square in the world. There are many people 4. ____ visit Tiananmen Square every day. During our trip, we tried many local foods, such as Beijing Roast Duck and noodles with soybean paste. They were very delicious. We also bought some souvenirs for our friends. Traveling not only lets us enjoy the beauty of nature and culture but also helps us 5. ____ (understand) the world better. When we travel to different places, we can learn about the local people's life and customs. This helps us respect different cultures and 6. ____ (become) more open-minded. I think traveling is very meaningful. It can make our life more colorful and unforgettable. 7. ____ we travel, we should respect the local customs and protect the environment. We should not throw rubbish everywhere or damage the cultural relics. My parents often say that traveling is a kind of education. It teaches us things that we can't learn from books. I agree with them. 8. ____ (travel) makes me grow up. I have learned how to communicate with different people and how to solve problems 9. ____ (independent). Next year, I want to travel to Xi'an. I hear that Xi'an is a city with a long history and many cultural relics, such as the Terracotta Army. I am looking forward to 10. ____ (visit) it. I hope more people can have the chance to travel around the world. 11. ____ (see) different places and experiencing different cultures is a great pleasure. 12. ____ is important for us to keep a curious heart and explore the world. During the trip, we also took many photos. These photos will be precious memories for us. Every time I look at them, I will think of the wonderful time we 13. ____ (spend) in Beijing. Traveling is a journey of discovery. It brings us happiness and knowledge. 14. ____ (final), I want to say that everyone should go traveling at least once in their life. It will be an experience that you will never forget. 15. ____ you have the chance, don't miss it! （一） Kunming, the “Spring City”of China, has become more than just a place on the map for me — it has become my second home. I lived there for four years, a time 1 holds countless memories and unforgettable moments. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, I stayed back in Kunming, which allowed me 2 (experience) its peaceful pace and the diverse cultures. Kunming’s gentle weather and flavorful cuisine have left me with a deep sense of homesickness whenever I’m away from the city, 3 (make) me long to return. As a dancer, I am 4 (natural) attracted to art and culture, and Yunnan provided endless opportunities to explore these interests. Yunnan is home 5 26 of China’s 56 ethnic groups, each with its own rich heritage. Yunnan introduced me to the music, dance, clothing and customs of many different 6 (culture). Four year ago, I 7 (know) little about Yunnan, as it is often overshadowed by China’s larger, bustling cities. When I finally arrived, Kunming surprised me with its 8 (impress) development and organization. The city has become 9 important center for transport, technology, trade and tourism, connecting China with Southeast Asia and beyond. Thanks to Kunming’s favorable weather and breathtaking landscapes, it attracts thousands of visitors each year, boosting its economy 10 transforming it into one of China’s premier tourist destinations. Kunming, my heart remains with you. Until we meet again, I carry your warmth and beauty with me, always. （二） Chinese tea culture has four parts: its start, the thinking behind it, its ties to other cultures, 11 its modern development. The start is often connected with the story of Shennong 12 is said to have found that tea could 13 (use) as medicine long ago. Drinking tea includes more than just preparation and beautiful tea sets, and also 14 (show) how the Chinese get along with the outside world. The ancient Chinese used the term chadao (the way of tea) 15 (honor) their dream of living in harmony (和谐) with nature and the world. Throughout history, many emperors were tea 16 (lover). For example, Emperor Qianlong, a big tea fan, had over ten teahouses 17 (build) in Beijing. These teahouses are a mix of 18 (difference) cultures, and mirror the openness of Chinese culture. Today, people can visit modern teahouses where they can sit down, look at tea leaves, and enjoy 19 cup of tea. This tradition not only passes on the cultural heritage (遗产), but also provides a space 20 people to relax and connect with the history of tea. （三） With the help of technology, one can print a paper-cut nowadays. Technological advances have pushed 21 (tradition) art forms like Chinese paper-cutting into the brink (边缘) of a sunset business. 22 , for Leong Koon Meng, the machines would never be able to copy the charm of handmade artworks. That is 23 biggest motivation(动力) for this 64-year-old retired teacher in 24 (keep) the tradition alive. “Machine-made art can never achieve the same results. There is rarely anything unique about it,” said Leong, one of the few remaining 25 (artist) of this ancient art form 26 has existed for more than 1,500 years. As a true artist in every sense of the word, the mother of two chooses 27 (create) her art by hand, which she believes is the only way to truly get in touch with the charm of the paper-cutting art. “Today, paper-cutting is 28 (main) created for festive seasons and special occasions such as the Spring Festival. Modern machines could produce thousands of paper-cuts in a matter of minutes, so this skill has faded (逐渐消失) over the years,” said Leong. Leong first 29 (discover) her love for the art 11 years ago when she joined an art course in China. “To truly master the art of paper-cutting, one must first understand the 30 (important) of the basic techniques. From there, inspiration, creativity, and love will lead the artist to create true masterpieces,” said Leong. （四） When did you last spend time in nature? Maybe you spent one hour just 31 (lie) on the ground to enjoy the peace of the summer evening. If it’s been a while, you might want to try it again—because research shows we get big health benefits from spending time in such 32 (nature) spaces. “ 33 idea,” explains Anne Schutte 34 works at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, “is that because we get close to nature, then nature is 35 (actual) where our brains work the best.” Research by Schutte shows that people who spend time in nature are more likely 36 (breathe) cleaner air. But there’s more. That outdoor time also can help people once they move indoors again. They are better able to stay 37 (focus) and feel calm. There’s some evidence (证据) that when we’re indoors, in cities or in other built environments, our brains have to work harder to focus. One reason may be that these 38 (place) are full of people, cars and other things which are all around us with movement and sound. Those things use up our attention. “Green spaces—the plants and the trees and so on— 39 (think) to be more restful and relaxing to our attention,” Schutte says. So is listening 40 birds singing in the trees. We can let our minds relax in this environment. （一） （24-25高一上·四川遂宁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture has long been shaped by its deep-rooted emphasis (重视) on family values, 1 form the bedrock of Chinese society. At the core of Chinese family values lies the principle of harmony, known 2 “he”. Containing the ideas of mutual respect, understanding, and tolerance, “he” is seen as the key to 3 (maintain) balance and peace within the family unit. Filial piety, or “xiao”, is a cornerstone of Chinese family values. It 4 (stress) the importance of respecting and caring for one’s parents and elders. Children are taught to honor their parents’ 5 (wise) and experience, to prioritize their well-being, and 6 (provide) support and care as they age. Chinese family values place a strong emphasis on collective responsibility. Individual desires are often 7 (important) than the needs and well-being of the family as a whole. Family members are expected to contribute to the 8 (family) success, both financially and emotionally. Education is also 9 (high) valued. Parents invest significant resources into their children’s education. They regard academic achievements as a symbol of family honor and believe they can promise a better future for the family. As China undergoes rapid social and economic changes, traditional family values are changing along. However, the basic principles remain the same 10 continue to guide generations and generations. （二） （24-25高一上·湖北荆州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From dancers waving long green sticks like 11 (fresh) growing grass to six ice hockey players slapping pucks (冰球) toward the Olympic rings, the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games 12 (intend) to represent unity and a new beginning. 13 a freezing Friday evening, 45,000 spectators half-filled Beijing’s National Stadium, also 14 (know) as the “Bird’s Nest”. It was also the day 15 marked the start of spring in the traditional lunar calendar. “The performances, featuring mostly child 16 (performer), reflect a shift from talking about the past to 17 (focus) on the future.” Zhang Yimou, 18 director of both the 2008 and 2022 Opening Ceremonies, told Chinese media. Besides, the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics took on a 19 (simple) look than the one in Beijing 14 years ago. Ensuring that the Winter Olympic Games were held on schedule 20 (show) the great efforts China made. And it was also a firm declaration that no force can stop Chinese people from realizing their dreams. （三） （24-25高一上·山西·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When American swimmer Ali Truwit first got back into the water after 21 (lose) her leg in a shark attack (袭击), the sound of water around the pool brought back memories of that day. Truwit, a competitive swimmer at Yale University, was 22 holiday with her teammate Sophie Pilkinton in the Turks and Caicos Islands when 23 attack happened. “It was a terrible moment, one that I wouldn’t wish on my worst enemy,” Truwit said. “But when I look back now, I really try to instead focus on the 24 (strong) that Sophie and I showed and how thankful I am for Sophie’s bravery and quick thinking 25 saved my life.” They managed 26 (fight) off the shark and swim back to the boat. Truwit was then airlifted to hospital where doctors gave her medical treatment and 27 (final) amputated (截肢) her left leg just below the knee on her 23rd birthday. Despite the challenges, she found moments of peace and joy in the water as she rediscovered her love for it. Just 16 months later, she 28 (swim) on the biggest stage of all, and won two silver 29 (medal) at the Paralympic Games in Paris. “It’s an indescribable feeling, but it’s on the shoulders of so many who have been such a great support to 30 (I) this year and even in the stands in Paris,” Truwit said. （四） （24-25高一上·贵州毕节·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Han people (汉族) have its own spoken and written language—Chinese. It is the most commonly used language in China and among the largest languages in the world. One possibility is that written Chinese came out in 31 (it) earliest form about 6,000years ago. The Chinese characters today, also 32 (call) “Hanzi”, develop from those used on bones and tortoiseshell (龟甲) more than 3,000 years ago. It’s said that there are more than 80,000 characters, of 33 only about 3,500 are in common use. The Chinese character is a type of character that shows great 34 (creative). Mandarin (普通话) is a kind of Chinese dialect spoken across most of 35 (north) China. The term “Mandarin” can also refer 36 Standard Mandarin, which 37 (base) on the Mandarin dialect spoken in Beijing. It is 38 (official) regarded as the standard for the People’s Republic of China. Why do most non-Chinese speakers choose 39 (learn) Standard Mandarin? Because they are aware of the importance of Mandarin. Mandarin is understood by most Chinese people. As mentioned above, it is China’s national language. Whether you are interested in basic communication, scholarly research, or you are searching for a career in China, Standard Mandarin is 40 necessary tool for communication. And it often serves as a bridge for communication. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业10 语法填空+高考必考题型 一、语法填空四大核心题型及解题技巧 1. 纯空格类（无提示词） 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型无任何提示词，需考生根据语篇语境和语法规则，直接填入恰当的单词（多为虚词）。在高考中占比约4-6题，是基础必得分题型，也是高一学生需重点掌握的核心题型。 考查内容主要涉及：冠词、介词、代词、连词（并列连词、从属连词）、情态动词等。其中，冠词的泛指/特指辨析、介词的固定搭配、定语从句/名词性从句引导词、并列连词（and/but/or/so）的逻辑判断是高频考点。 技巧点拨 (1) 先判词性，锁定范围：无提示词空格后若为名词（单数可数），优先考虑冠词（a/an/the）；若空格后为动词-ing形式或名词，且前后为修饰关系，优先考虑介词；若空格在句中作主语、宾语，且指代前文或后文内容，优先考虑代词（it/they/this/that/those/these/one等）。 (2) 分析句式，确定连词：若空格前后为两个完整句子（有主谓结构），则需判断逻辑关系，填入并列连词（表转折but、因果so、选择or、并列and等）或从属连词（引导状语从句的when/while/if/because等、引导名词性从句的that/what/who等、引导定语从句的which/that/who/where等）。 (3) 验证语境，排除干扰：填入单词后，需通读前后句，确认语法正确且符合语义逻辑。例如，定语从句引导词需判断先行词在从句中作主语、宾语还是状语，避免误填which/that。 2. 词形变化类（有提示词） 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型给出提示词（多为实词：动词、名词、形容词、副词），需考生根据语法规则和语境，将提示词变形为正确形式。在高考中占比约6-8题，是考查实词用法的核心题型，对高一学生的词形转换能力和语境分析能力要求较高。 考查内容主要涉及：动词的时态/语态/非谓语动词、名词的单复数/所有格、形容词与副词的转换及比较级/最高级、词性转换（如动词变名词、形容词变名词等）。 技巧点拨 (1) 提示词为动词：先判断谓语/非谓语。若空格在句中作谓语，需结合主语单复数、时间状语判断时态（一般现在/过去时、现在完成时等），再判断语态（主动/被动）；若空格不作谓语（如作定语、状语、宾语补足语等），则考虑非谓语动词（to do/doing/done），注意固定搭配（如want to do、enjoy doing、seen done等）。 (2) 提示词为名词：若空格前有冠词（a/an/the）、数词（many/few/three等）或形容词修饰，需判断单复数；若表示“……的”，则考虑所有格（'s或of结构）。 (3) 提示词为形容词/副词：修饰名词、代词用形容词，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用副词；若有比较范围（than、of all、in the class等），则考虑比较级/最高级。 (4) 词性转换：若空格处需要的词性与提示词不一致，需进行转换（如vary→variety/various、strong→strength、decide→decision等），注意常见后缀（-tion/-ment/-ness/-ful/-ly等）。 3. 固定搭配类 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型可分为“有提示词”和“无提示词”两种情况，核心考查考生对英语固定短语、固定句型的掌握程度。在高考中占比约2-3题，是易失分题型，因为高一学生常因记忆不牢固或忽视语境而错填。 考查内容主要涉及：介词+名词/代词/动名词的固定搭配（如take part in、be good at）、动词+介词/副词的固定短语（如look forward to、turn down）、固定句型（如It's + adj. + for/of sb. to do、so...that...、such...that...、not only...but also...等）。 技巧点拨 (1) 锁定核心词，联想搭配：看到空格前后的核心动词、名词或形容词，立即联想与之相关的固定搭配。例如，看到“devote”，想到“devote oneself to doing”；看到“accustomed”，想到“be accustomed to”。 (2) 关注句型结构，精准补全：若句子结构符合某一固定句型，需根据句型要求补全单词。例如，看到“It's + adj. + ____ sb. to do”，需判断用for（形容词描述事情难易）还是of（形容词描述人的品质）；看到“____ + hard work + that...”，需想到强调句型“It is/was...that...”。 (3) 结合语境验证，避免机械记忆：部分固定搭配有多种含义，需根据语篇语义选择正确形式。例如，“put on”（穿上、上演）、“put off”（推迟），需结合上下文判断。 4. 语境逻辑类 题型特点与考查方向 此类题型需考生跳出单纯的语法规则，结合语篇的上下文语义、逻辑关系（转折、因果、递进、让步等）来确定答案，是体现新课标“语用能力”考查要求的核心题型。在高考中占比约1-2题，对高一学生的语篇理解能力要求较高。 考查内容主要涉及：逻辑连接词（however、therefore、besides、although等）、代词（指代前文/后文的人或物）、动词/形容词/副词的语义匹配（需符合上下文情感或逻辑）。 技巧点拨 (1) 通读上下文，把握逻辑关系：解题前先通读全段或全文，明确空格前后句子的语义关系（是转折、因果、递进还是让步）。例如，前文说“天气不好”，后文说“我们还是去了公园”，则空格需填表转折的however/but。 (2) 锁定指代对象，精准选代词：若空格为代词，需找到其指代的前文内容（单数/复数、人/物），避免指代错误。例如，前文提到“the book”，后文空格需填it；提到“the students”，需填they/them。 (3) 结合情感态度，匹配语义：若提示词为形容词/副词，需根据上下文的情感倾向（积极/消极、褒义/贬义）选择正确形式。例如，前文说“he failed the exam”，后文空格填“sadly”而非“happily”。 二、通用解题步骤 1. 通读全文，把握主旨：快速浏览全文，了解文章体裁（记叙文/议论文/说明文）、主题和大致情节，为语境逻辑判断奠定基础。 2. 分题突破，先易后难：先做纯空格类、固定搭配类等基础题，再做词形变化类、语境逻辑类等稍难题，避免在难题上浪费时间。 3. 验证复查，确保无误：完成所有空格后，通读全文，检查语法是否正确（时态、语态、单复数等）、语义是否连贯、固定搭配是否准确，修正错误。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 （一） Nowadays, more and more people are paying attention to environmental protection. One of the effective ways is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones. For example, using cloth bags instead of plastic bags can reduce pollution. Many people don't realize that disposable products are harmful to 1. ____ environment. They take hundreds of years to decompose (分解). 2. ____ (throw) them away randomly will not only pollute the land but also the water. Last month, our school organized 3. ____ activity called “Green Life, Start with Me”. Students brought their own cloth bags to school and refused to use plastic bags. Some students also made posters to tell people about the 4. ____ (important) of environmental protection. As teenagers, we should take part in environmental protection activities actively. We can also advise our families and friends 5. ____ (save) energy and reduce waste. Only by working together 6. ____ we make the world a better place to live in. 7. ____ is everyone's duty to protect the environment. Let's take action now! Don't wait until it's too late. In addition, the government should make more laws to punish those 8. ____ damage the environment. With the joint efforts of the government, society and individuals, we 9. ____ (sure) achieve our goal of environmental protection. Remember, every small action counts. Even 10. ____ simple thing like turning off the lights when leaving a room can make a difference. 11. ____ we stick to these small actions, we will see great changes in the environment. A recent survey shows that 80% of people are willing to take part in environmental protection activities. This is 12. ____ encouraging result. It shows that people's environmental awareness 13. ____ (improve) greatly in recent years. Let's continue to spread the idea of green life and make 14. ____ (we) planet more beautiful. 15. ____ (final), we believe that a green future is waiting for us. 【答案】 1．the 2．Throwing 3．an 4．importance 5．to save 6．can 7．It 8．who/that 9．surely 10．a 11．If 12．an 13．has improved 14．our 15．Finally 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了保护环境的重要性，呼吁政府、社会和个人共同努力，践行绿色生活方式。 1．考查冠词。句意：很多人没有意识到一次性产品对环境有害。“environment”为独一无二的事物，此处表示特指，固定搭配“harmful to the environment”，故填the。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：随意丢弃它们不仅会污染土地，还会污染水源。空处作句子主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式，throw的动名词为Throwing，故填Throwing。 3．考查冠词。句意：上个月，我们学校组织了一项名为“绿色生活，从我做起”的活动。“activity”是单数可数名词，且发音以元音音素开头，此处表示“一项活动”，应用不定冠词an，故填an。 4．考查词性转换。句意：一些学生还制作海报，向人们宣传保护环境的重要性。空处前有定冠词the修饰，作介词about的宾语，应用名词形式，important的名词为importance，故填importance。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们也可以建议家人和朋友节约能源、减少浪费。固定搭配“advise sb. to do sth.”表示“建议某人做某事”，故填to save。 6．考查情态动词。句意：只有大家共同努力，我们才能让这个世界变得更宜居。“Only+状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构，结合句意，此处表示“能够”，应用情态动词can，故填can。 7．考查代词。句意：保护环境是每个人的责任。此处为固定句型“It's one's duty to do sth.”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，故填It。 8．考查定语从句。句意：此外，政府应该制定更多法律，惩罚那些破坏环境的人。空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，指代人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导，故填who/that。 9．考查词性转换。句意：在政府、社会和个人的共同努力下，我们一定能实现保护环境的目标。空处修饰动词achieve，应用副词形式，sure的副词为surely，故填surely。 10．考查冠词。句意：即使是离开房间时随手关灯这样一件小事，也能带来改变。“thing”是单数可数名词，simple发音以辅音音素开头，此处表示“一件简单的事”，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 11．考查连词。句意：如果我们坚持这些小行动，我们就会看到环境发生巨大的变化。空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用连词If，故填If。 12．考查冠词。句意：这是一个令人鼓舞的结果。“result”是单数可数名词，encouraging发音以元音音素开头，此处表示“一个结果”，应用不定冠词an，故填an。 13．考查动词时态。句意：这表明近年来人们的环保意识有了很大的提高。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语awareness是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填has improved。 14．考查代词。句意：让我们继续传播绿色生活的理念，让我们的星球变得更美丽。空处修饰名词planet，应用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词为our，故填our。 15．考查词性转换。句意：最后，我们相信一个绿色的未来正等着我们。空处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，final的副词为Finally，句首单词首字母大写，故填Finally。 （二） My favorite hobby is reading. I have loved reading 1. ____ I was a little child. My parents often read stories to me before I went to bed, 2. ____ made me fall in love with books. Books are my best friends. They can take me to different places and let me know about different 3. ____ (culture). When I read a book about history, I feel as if I were traveling back to the past and 4. ____ (meet) great people in history. When I read a novel, I can experience the feelings of the characters in the story. I usually read books in the library or at home. The library is a quiet place 5. ____ I can read freely without being disturbed. There are all kinds of books in the library, 6. ____ (include) history books, novels, science books and so on. I often borrow books from the library and read them at home. Sometimes, I read books 7. ____ (careful) and take notes of the important points. Reading is very 8. ____ (benefit) to me. It improves my vocabulary and helps me 9. ____ (improve) my writing skills. It also broadens my horizons and makes me more knowledgeable. 10. ____ I meet difficulties in my study or life, reading can help me relax and find solutions to the problems. Last week, I read a book called The Old Man and the Sea. It tells a story about an old fisherman 11. ____ fights with a big fish. The old man never gives up 12. ____ facing difficulties. His spirit deeply touches me. I learned that we should be brave and persistent when we meet challenges. I hope more people can love reading. Reading can make our life 13. ____ (color) and meaningful. Let's read more books and enjoy 14. ____ pleasure of reading. 15. ____ (read) is a lifelong journey that brings us endless happiness. 【答案】 1．since 2．which 3．cultures 4．meeting 5．where 6．including 7．carefully 8．beneficial 9．improve 10．When 11．who/that 12．when/while 13．colorful 14．the 15．Reading 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者热爱阅读的原因，介绍了阅读带来的好处，以及阅读对个人成长的积极影响。 1．考查连词。句意：我从小就喜欢阅读。根据主句的现在完成时和从句的一般过去时可知，空处应用since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，故填since。 2．考查定语从句。句意：父母经常在我睡前给我讲故事，这让我爱上了书。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。 3．考查名词复数。句意：它们可以带我去不同的地方，让我了解不同的文化。根据空前的different可知，空处应用可数名词的复数形式，culture表示“文化”时是可数名词，故填cultures。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我读一本历史书时，我感觉仿佛回到了过去，遇见了历史上的伟人。空处与traveling并列，在as if引导的从句中作表语，应用动名词形式，故填meeting。 5．考查定语从句。句意：图书馆是一个安静的地方，我可以在那里自由阅读而不受打扰。空处引导定语从句，先行词是place，指地点，且在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 6．考查介词。句意：图书馆里有各种各样的书，包括历史书、小说、科学书等等。空处表示“包括……在内”，应用介词including，故填including。 7．考查词性转换。句意：有时，我会仔细读书，并把重点内容记下来。空处修饰动词read，应用副词形式，careful的副词为carefully，故填carefully。 8．考查词性转换。句意：阅读对我非常有益。固定搭配“be beneficial to”表示“对……有益”，故填beneficial。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：它扩大了我的词汇量，帮助我提高了写作技巧。固定搭配“help sb. (to) do sth.”表示“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略，故填improve。 10．考查连词。句意：当我在学习或生活中遇到困难时，阅读可以帮助我放松，并找到解决问题的方法。空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用连词When，故填When。 11．考查定语从句。句意：它讲述了一个老渔夫与一条大鱼搏斗的故事。空处引导定语从句，先行词是fisherman，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导，故填who/that。 12．考查连词。句意：面对困难时，老人从不放弃。空处引导时间状语从句，从句省略了主语和be动词，补充完整是when/while he is facing difficulties，故填when/while。 13．考查词性转换。句意：阅读可以让我们的生活丰富多彩且有意义。固定搭配“make sth. + adj.”表示“使某物处于某种状态”，空处应用形容词作宾语补足语，color的形容词为colorful，故填colorful。 14．考查冠词。句意：让我们多读书，享受阅读的乐趣。此处特指“阅读的乐趣”，应用定冠词the，故填the。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读是一场带来无尽快乐的终身旅程。空处作句子主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Reading。 （三） Sports are an important part of people's life. They not only help people keep healthy but also bring people happiness. Different people like different sports. Some people like ball games, 1. ____ others like outdoor sports. I like playing basketball very much. I started playing basketball when I was in junior high school. At first, I was not good at it. My teacher taught me how 2. ____ (play) it. He told me that I should practice more and never give up. With his help, I made great progress. Now, I can play basketball 3. ____ (well) than before. Playing basketball is a team sport. It requires cooperation 4. ____ team members. When we play basketball together, we need to pass the ball to each other and help each other. This helps me learn how to work with others. 5. ____ (play) basketball also makes me more confident. When I score a goal, I feel very proud. Every weekend, I play basketball with my friends in the park. We usually play for two hours. After playing basketball, we feel tired 6. ____ happy. Sometimes, we also watch basketball matches on TV. We cheer for our favorite teams and players. There are many benefits of playing sports. First, it can improve our physical health. Playing sports can strengthen our muscles and bones, and reduce the risk of illness. Second, it can improve our mental health. Sports can help us reduce stress and anxiety. Third, it can help us make more friends. When we take part in sports activities, we can meet people 7. ____ have the same interest as us. It's important for teenagers 8. ____ (take) part in sports activities regularly. We should spend more time 9. ____ (do) sports instead of playing computer games all day. 10. ____ we keep doing sports, we will have a strong body and a healthy mind. Last month, our school held a sports meeting. I took part in the basketball match. Our team fought hard and won the match. We were all very excited. This experience made me realize the importance of teamwork 11. ____ more deeply. I think everyone should choose a sport that he or she likes and stick to it. Sports can make our life 12. ____ (good) and more enjoyable. 13. ____ (final), I want to say that sports are not only for winning but also for enjoying the process. 14. ____ is the spirit of sports that makes us stronger and braver. 15. ____ (play) sports is a good way to live a healthy life. 【答案】 1．while 2．to play 3．better 4．among 5．Playing 6．but 7．who/that 8．to take 9．doing 10．If 11．even 12．better 13．Finally 14．It 15．Playing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢打篮球的原因，介绍了运动带来的好处，强调青少年应该积极参与体育活动。 1．考查连词。句意：有些人喜欢球类运动，而另一些人喜欢户外运动。空处表示对比关系，应用连词while，故填while。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：老师教我如何打篮球。固定结构“疑问词+to do”作宾语，故填to play。 3．考查副词比较级。句意：现在，我打篮球比以前打得好。根据空后的than before可知，空处应用副词的比较级形式，well的比较级为better，故填better。 4．考查介词。句意：它需要团队成员之间的合作。空处表示“在……之间（三者或三者以上）”，应用介词among，故填among。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：打篮球也让我更加自信。空处作句子主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Playing。 6．考查连词。句意：打完篮球后，我们感到很累但很开心。空处连接两个并列的形容词，且表示转折关系，应用连词but，故填but。 7．考查定语从句。句意：当我们参加体育活动时，我们可以遇到和我们有相同兴趣的人。空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导，故填who/that。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于青少年来说，定期参加体育活动是很重要的。此处为固定句型“It's important for sb. to do sth.”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，故填to take。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该花更多的时间做运动，而不是整天玩电脑游戏。固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”表示“花费时间做某事”，故填doing。 10．考查连词。句意：如果我们坚持做运动，我们就会有强壮的身体和健康的心态。空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用连词If，故填If。 11．考查副词。句意：这次经历让我更加深刻地认识到团队合作的重要性。固定搭配“even more deeply”表示“更加深刻地”，even用来加强比较级的语气，故填even。 12．考查形容词比较级。句意：运动可以让我们的生活更美好、更愉快。根据空后的more enjoyable可知，空处应用形容词的比较级形式，good的比较级为better，故填better。 13．考查词性转换。句意：最后，我想说，运动不仅仅是为了赢，更是为了享受过程。空处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，final的副词为Finally，句首单词首字母大写，故填Finally。 14．考查代词。句意：正是体育精神让我们变得更强大、更勇敢。此处为强调句型“It's...that...”，强调主语the spirit of sports，故填It。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：做运动是一种健康的生活方式。空处作句子主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Playing。 （四） Traveling is a wonderful experience. It allows us to see different places, meet different people and learn about different customs. 1. ____ my opinion, traveling is one of the best ways to relax and broaden our horizons. Last summer vacation, I traveled to Beijing with my family. Beijing is the capital of China. It has a long history and many famous 2. ____ (attract). We first visited the Great Wall. The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. It is very long and magnificent. When I stood on the Great Wall, I felt very proud of our country. 3. ____ (climb) the Great Wall was a little tiring, but I enjoyed the process very much. Then we visited the Forbidden City. It was the home of the emperors in ancient China. The buildings there are very beautiful and grand. We learned a lot about Chinese history from the guide. We also visited Tiananmen Square. It is the largest square in the world. There are many people 4. ____ visit Tiananmen Square every day. During our trip, we tried many local foods, such as Beijing Roast Duck and noodles with soybean paste. They were very delicious. We also bought some souvenirs for our friends. Traveling not only lets us enjoy the beauty of nature and culture but also helps us 5. ____ (understand) the world better. When we travel to different places, we can learn about the local people's life and customs. This helps us respect different cultures and 6. ____ (become) more open-minded. I think traveling is very meaningful. It can make our life more colorful and unforgettable. 7. ____ we travel, we should respect the local customs and protect the environment. We should not throw rubbish everywhere or damage the cultural relics. My parents often say that traveling is a kind of education. It teaches us things that we can't learn from books. I agree with them. 8. ____ (travel) makes me grow up. I have learned how to communicate with different people and how to solve problems 9. ____ (independent). Next year, I want to travel to Xi'an. I hear that Xi'an is a city with a long history and many cultural relics, such as the Terracotta Army. I am looking forward to 10. ____ (visit) it. I hope more people can have the chance to travel around the world. 11. ____ (see) different places and experiencing different cultures is a great pleasure. 12. ____ is important for us to keep a curious heart and explore the world. During the trip, we also took many photos. These photos will be precious memories for us. Every time I look at them, I will think of the wonderful time we 13. ____ (spend) in Beijing. Traveling is a journey of discovery. It brings us happiness and knowledge. 14. ____ (final), I want to say that everyone should go traveling at least once in their life. It will be an experience that you will never forget. 15. ____ you have the chance, don't miss it! 【答案】 1．In 2．attractions 3．Climbing 4．who/that 5．understand 6．become 7．When/While 8．Traveling 9．independently 10．visiting 11．Seeing 12．It 13．spent 14．Finally 15．If 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去年暑假和家人去北京旅行的经历，介绍了旅行的所见所闻，以及旅行带来的收获和感悟。 1．考查介词。句意：在我看来，旅行是最好的放松和开阔眼界的方式之一。固定搭配“in one's opinion”表示“在某人看来”，句首单词首字母大写，故填In。 2．考查词性转换和名词复数。句意：它有着悠久的历史和许多著名的景点。根据空前的many可知，空处应用可数名词的复数形式，attract的名词为attraction，表示“景点”，故填attractions。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：爬长城有点累，但我非常享受这个过程。空处作句子主语，表示具体的某次行为，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Climbing。 4．考查定语从句。句意：每天都有很多人参观天安门广场。空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导，故填who/that。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行不仅让我们欣赏自然和文化之美，还帮助我们更好地了解这个世界。固定搭配“help sb. (to) do sth.”表示“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略，故填understand。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于我们尊重不同的文化，并变得思想更开放。空处与respect并列，作help的宾语补足语，应用动词原形，故填become。 7．考查连词。句意：当我们旅行时，我们应该尊重当地的习俗，保护环境。空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用连词When或While，故填When/While。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行让我成长。空处作句子主语，表示一般性的行为，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Traveling。 9．考查词性转换。句意：我学会了如何与不同的人交流，以及如何独立解决问题。空处修饰动词solve，应用副词形式，independent的副词为independently，故填independently。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我期待着去参观它。固定搭配“look forward to doing sth.”表示“期待做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词形式，故填visiting。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：看到不同的地方，体验不同的文化是一种极大的乐趣。空处与experiencing并列，作句子主语，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Seeing。 12．考查代词。句意：保持好奇心，探索世界对我们来说很重要。此处为固定句型“It's important for sb. to do sth.”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，故填It。 13．考查动词时态。句意：每当我看到这些照片，我就会想起我们在北京度过的美好时光。空处引导的定语从句描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，spend的过去式为spent，故填spent。 14．考查词性转换。句意：最后，我想说，每个人一生中至少应该去旅行一次。空处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，final的副词为Finally，句首单词首字母大写，故填Finally。 15．考查连词。句意：如果你有机会，不要错过它。空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用连词If，故填If。 我可以帮你整理这份讲义的知识点分类清单，方便你按考点给学生做专项复习，需要吗？ （一） Kunming, the “Spring City”of China, has become more than just a place on the map for me — it has become my second home. I lived there for four years, a time 1 holds countless memories and unforgettable moments. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, I stayed back in Kunming, which allowed me 2 (experience) its peaceful pace and the diverse cultures. Kunming’s gentle weather and flavorful cuisine have left me with a deep sense of homesickness whenever I’m away from the city, 3 (make) me long to return. As a dancer, I am 4 (natural) attracted to art and culture, and Yunnan provided endless opportunities to explore these interests. Yunnan is home 5 26 of China’s 56 ethnic groups, each with its own rich heritage. Yunnan introduced me to the music, dance, clothing and customs of many different 6 (culture). Four year ago, I 7 (know) little about Yunnan, as it is often overshadowed by China’s larger, bustling cities. When I finally arrived, Kunming surprised me with its 8 (impress) development and organization. The city has become 9 important center for transport, technology, trade and tourism, connecting China with Southeast Asia and beyond. Thanks to Kunming’s favorable weather and breathtaking landscapes, it attracts thousands of visitors each year, boosting its economy 10 transforming it into one of China’s premier tourist destinations. Kunming, my heart remains with you. Until we meet again, I carry your warmth and beauty with me, always. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．to experience 3．making 4．naturally 5．to 6．cultures 7．knew 8．impressive 9．an 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在昆明生活的经历、感受以及昆明的发展变化。 1．考查定语从句。句意：我在那里生活了四年，那是一段充满无数回忆和难忘时刻的时光。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，我留在了昆明，这让我体验到了昆明宁静的节奏和多元的文化。allow sb. to do sth.为固定短语，表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to experience。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：昆明的温和天气和美味佳肴让我每次离开这座城市时都深感思乡之情，让我渴望回到那里。空处作非谓语动词，表示前面句子产生的一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填making。 4．考查副词。句意：作为一名舞者，我自然被艺术和文化所吸引，而云南为我提供了无尽的机会去探索这些兴趣。空处修饰动词attracted，应用副词形式作状语，natural的副词形式为naturally，表示“自然地”。故填naturally。 5．考查介词。句意：云南是中国56个民族中26个民族的家园，每个民族都有自己丰富的文化遗产。be home to为固定短语，表示“是……的家园”。故填to。 6．考查名词复数。句意：云南让我了解了许多不同文化的音乐、舞蹈、服装和习俗。根据空前的many different可知，空处应用culture的复数形式cultures。故填cultures。 7．考查时态。句意：四年前，我对云南知之甚少，因为它常常被中国更大、更繁华的城市所掩盖。根据时间状语Four years ago可知，句子描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，know的过去式为knew。故填knew。 8．考查形容词。句意：当我终于到达时，昆明以其令人印象深刻的发展和组织让我感到惊讶。空处修饰名词development和organization，应用形容词形式作定语，impress的形容词形式为impressive，表示“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。 9．考查冠词。句意：这座城市已成为交通、技术、贸易和旅游的重要中心，将中国与东南亚及其他地区连接起来。center为可数名词，此处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，important的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 10．考查连词。句意：得益于昆明宜人的天气和令人惊叹的风景，它每年吸引着成千上万的游客，促进了经济发展，使其成为中国首屈一指的旅游目的地之一。boosting its economy与transforming it into one of China’s premier tourist destinations之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 （二） Chinese tea culture has four parts: its start, the thinking behind it, its ties to other cultures, 11 its modern development. The start is often connected with the story of Shennong 12 is said to have found that tea could 13 (use) as medicine long ago. Drinking tea includes more than just preparation and beautiful tea sets, and also 14 (show) how the Chinese get along with the outside world. The ancient Chinese used the term chadao (the way of tea) 15 (honor) their dream of living in harmony (和谐) with nature and the world. Throughout history, many emperors were tea 16 (lover). For example, Emperor Qianlong, a big tea fan, had over ten teahouses 17 (build) in Beijing. These teahouses are a mix of 18 (difference) cultures, and mirror the openness of Chinese culture. Today, people can visit modern teahouses where they can sit down, look at tea leaves, and enjoy 19 cup of tea. This tradition not only passes on the cultural heritage (遗产), but also provides a space 20 people to relax and connect with the history of tea. 【答案】 11．and 12．who/that 13．be used 14．shows 15．to honor 16．lovers 17．built 18．different 19．a 20．for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的起源、内在思想、与其他文化的联系以及现代发展情况。 11．考查连词。句意：中国茶文化包含四个方面：其起源、背后的内涵、与其他文化的关联以及现代的发展。此处列举中国茶文化的四个部分，前三个部分用逗号分隔，最后一个部分前需用and连接。故填and。 12．考查定语从句。句意：这个起源通常与神农的故事有关，据说很久以前神农就发现了茶叶可以作为药物使用。该空引导一个限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语；先行词为Shennong，指人，故此处填关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 13．考查动词语态。句意同上。情态动词could后接动词原形，而名词tea与动词use之间是被动关系，故此处填被动语态be used。故填be used。 14．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：喝茶不仅仅涉及茶的冲泡以及精美的茶具，它还展现了中国人与外界交流的方式。根据空前Drinking tea includes可知，此处采用一般现在时；Drinking tea是动名词短语作主语，故此处谓语动词用第三人称单数形式shows。故填shows。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：古代中国人用“茶道”这一术语来表达他们渴望与自然及世界和谐共处的理想。根据句意可知，表示目的，此处填动词不定式作状语。故填to honor。 16．考查名词复数。句意：纵观历史，众多帝王都是茶的爱好者。根据空前many emperors were可知，此处填名词的复数形式。故填lovers。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，乾隆皇帝是一位热衷于饮茶的君主，他在北京修建了超过十家茶馆。have sth. done表示“使某事被做”，这里指让人建造茶馆，故此处填过去分词built作宾语补足语，表示被动。故填built。 18．考查形容词。句意：这些茶馆融合了多种文化元素，体现了中国文化的开放性。根据空后名词cultures可知，此处填所给名词的形容词different作定语。故填different。 19．考查冠词。句意：如今，人们可以去现代化的茶馆里坐下来，观察茶叶的形态，然后品尝一杯茶。根据句意可知，此处意思为“一杯茶”，且cup为辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 20．考查介词。句意：这一传统不仅传承了文化遗产，还为人们提供了一个放松身心、与茶的历史产生联系的空间。provide sth. for sb.表示“为某人提供某物”，为固定搭配。故填for。 （三） With the help of technology, one can print a paper-cut nowadays. Technological advances have pushed 21 (tradition) art forms like Chinese paper-cutting into the brink (边缘) of a sunset business. 22 , for Leong Koon Meng, the machines would never be able to copy the charm of handmade artworks. That is 23 biggest motivation(动力) for this 64-year-old retired teacher in 24 (keep) the tradition alive. “Machine-made art can never achieve the same results. There is rarely anything unique about it,” said Leong, one of the few remaining 25 (artist) of this ancient art form 26 has existed for more than 1,500 years. As a true artist in every sense of the word, the mother of two chooses 27 (create) her art by hand, which she believes is the only way to truly get in touch with the charm of the paper-cutting art. “Today, paper-cutting is 28 (main) created for festive seasons and special occasions such as the Spring Festival. Modern machines could produce thousands of paper-cuts in a matter of minutes, so this skill has faded (逐渐消失) over the years,” said Leong. Leong first 29 (discover) her love for the art 11 years ago when she joined an art course in China. “To truly master the art of paper-cutting, one must first understand the 30 (important) of the basic techniques. From there, inspiration, creativity, and love will lead the artist to create true masterpieces,” said Leong. 【答案】 21．traditional 22．However 23．the 24．keeping 25．artists 26．that/which 27．to create 28．mainly 29．discovered 30．importance 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了剪纸艺术家Leong Koon Meng。 21．考查形容词。句意：技术进步已将像中国剪纸这样的传统艺术形式推向了夕阳产业的边缘。这里修饰名词“art forms”，用形容词，“tradition”的形容词形式是“traditional”，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 22．考查副词。句意：然而，对于Leong Koon Meng来说，机器永远无法复制手工艺术品的魅力。前文提到技术进步使传统剪纸艺术面临困境，后文表明机器无法复制手工艺术品魅力，前后为转折关系，“however” 意为“然而”，表转折，且用逗号与句子隔开。首字母大写。故填However。 23．考查定冠词。句意：这就是这位 64 岁退休教师让这一传统延续下去的最大动力。形容词最高级“biggest”前需用定冠词the。故填the。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是这位 64 岁退休教师让这一传统延续下去的最大动力。“in” 是介词，后接动名词，“keep”的动名词形式是“keeping”。故填keeping。 25．考查名词复数。句意：Leong 说：“机器制造的艺术品永远无法达到相同的效果。它很少有独特之处。” Leong 是这一存在了 1500 多年的古老艺术形式仅存的几位艺术家之一。“one of + 名词复数” 表示“…… 之一”，“artist”的复数形式是“artists”。故填artists。 26．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：Leong 说：“机器制造的艺术品永远无法达到相同的效果。它很少有独特之处。” Leong 是这一存在了 1500 多年的古老艺术形式仅存的几位艺术家之一。此句为定语从句，先行词是“this ancient art form”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用“that”或 “which”引导。故填that/which。 27．考查固定搭配。句意：作为一名名副其实的真正艺术家，这位两个孩子的母亲选择手工创作她的艺术作品，她认为这是真正领略剪纸艺术魅力的唯一途径。“choose to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”。故填to create。 28．考查副词。句意：Leong 说：“如今，剪纸主要是为节日和春节等特殊场合创作的。现代机器能在几分钟内生产出成千上万的剪纸，因此这项技艺多年来逐渐失传。”这里修饰动词“created”，用副词作状语，“main”的副词形式是“mainly”，意为“主要地”。故填mainly。 29．考查时态。句意：11 年前，Leong 在中国参加一个艺术课程时，首次发现自己对这门艺术的热爱。根据“11 years ago” 可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“discover”的过去式是“discovered”。故填discovered。 30．考查名词。句意：Leong 说：“要真正掌握剪纸艺术，首先必须理解基本技巧的重要性。从那开始，灵感、创造力和热爱将引导艺术家创作出真正的杰作。”“the”后接名词，“important” 的名词形式是“importance”，意为“重要性”作宾语。故填importance。 （四） When did you last spend time in nature? Maybe you spent one hour just 31 (lie) on the ground to enjoy the peace of the summer evening. If it’s been a while, you might want to try it again—because research shows we get big health benefits from spending time in such 32 (nature) spaces. “ 33 idea,” explains Anne Schutte 34 works at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, “is that because we get close to nature, then nature is 35 (actual) where our brains work the best.” Research by Schutte shows that people who spend time in nature are more likely 36 (breathe) cleaner air. But there’s more. That outdoor time also can help people once they move indoors again. They are better able to stay 37 (focus) and feel calm. There’s some evidence (证据) that when we’re indoors, in cities or in other built environments, our brains have to work harder to focus. One reason may be that these 38 (place) are full of people, cars and other things which are all around us with movement and sound. Those things use up our attention. “Green spaces—the plants and the trees and so on— 39 (think) to be more restful and relaxing to our attention,” Schutte says. So is listening 40 birds singing in the trees. We can let our minds relax in this environment. 【答案】 31．lying 32．natural 33．The 34．who/that 35．actually 36．to breathe 37．focused 38．places 39．are thought 40．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了花时间在自然环境中对我们的大脑和健康有益，解释了在自然环境中大脑能更好地工作，以及绿色空间对我们注意力的积极影响等。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：也许你曾花一个小时躺在地上享受夏日夜晚的宁静。“spend + 时间 + （in）doing sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “花费时间做某事”，这里 lie 要用动名词形式 lying。故填 lying。 32．考查形容词。句意：如果有一段时间没这样做了，你可能想再试一次 —— 因为研究表明，我们从花时间在这样的自然空间中获得了很大的健康益处。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词 spaces，nature 的形容词形式是 natural，意为 “自然的”。故填 natural。 33．考冠词。句意：在内布拉斯加大学林肯分校工作的安妮・舒特解释说：“这个想法是，因为我们接近自然，所以自然实际上是我们大脑工作得最好的地方”。这里的 idea 是特指上文提到的关于自然对大脑有益的想法，所以用定冠词 the 表示特指。首字母大写。故填 The。 34．考查定语从句。句意：在内布拉斯加大学林肯分校工作的安妮・舒特解释说：“这个想法是，因为我们接近自然，所以自然实际上是我们大脑工作得最好的地方。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词 Anne Schutte，在从句中作主语，指人，所以关系代词可以用 who 或 that 引导。故填 who/that。 35．考查副词。句意：在内布拉斯加大学林肯分校工作的安妮・舒特解释说：“这个想法是，因为我们接近自然，所以自然实际上是我们大脑工作得最好的地方。”这里需要一个副词来修饰后文整个句子 ，actual 的副词形式是 actually，意为 “实际上”。故填 actually。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：舒特的研究表明，花时间在大自然中的人更有可能呼吸到更清洁的空气。“be likely to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “可能做某事”，所以这里用 to breathe。故填 to breathe。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们再次进入室内时，户外时间也能帮助他们。他们能够更好地保持专注并感到平静。“stay + 过去分词” 表示 “保持某种状态”，focus 的过去分词是 focused，stay focused 意为 “保持专注”。故填 focused。 38．考查名词复数。句意：一个原因可能是这些地方到处都是人、汽车和其他有运动和声音的东西。根据 these 可知，后面的名词要用复数形式，place 的复数是 places，作主语。故填 places。 39．考查时态语态。句意：舒特说：“绿色空间 —— 植物和树木等等 —— 被认为对我们的注意力更具宁静和放松作用。”句子的主语 Green spaces 和 think 之间是被动关系，即 “绿色空间被认为……”，且句子描述的是一般事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是 “be + 过去分词”，主语是复数，be 动词用 are，think 的过去分词是 thought。故填 are thought。 40．考查介词。句意：听鸟儿在树上唱歌也是如此。“listen to” 是固定短语，意为 “听……”，所以这里用介词 to。故填 to。 （一） （24-25高一上·四川遂宁·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture has long been shaped by its deep-rooted emphasis (重视) on family values, 1 form the bedrock of Chinese society. At the core of Chinese family values lies the principle of harmony, known 2 “he”. Containing the ideas of mutual respect, understanding, and tolerance, “he” is seen as the key to 3 (maintain) balance and peace within the family unit. Filial piety, or “xiao”, is a cornerstone of Chinese family values. It 4 (stress) the importance of respecting and caring for one’s parents and elders. Children are taught to honor their parents’ 5 (wise) and experience, to prioritize their well-being, and 6 (provide) support and care as they age. Chinese family values place a strong emphasis on collective responsibility. Individual desires are often 7 (important) than the needs and well-being of the family as a whole. Family members are expected to contribute to the 8 (family) success, both financially and emotionally. Education is also 9 (high) valued. Parents invest significant resources into their children’s education. They regard academic achievements as a symbol of family honor and believe they can promise a better future for the family. As China undergoes rapid social and economic changes, traditional family values are changing along. However, the basic principles remain the same 10 continue to guide generations and generations. 【答案】 1．which 2．as 3．maintaining 4．stresses 5．wisdom 6．to provide 7．less important 8．family’s 9．highly 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国家庭价值观的核心内容及其对社会的深远影响。 1．考查定语从句。句意：中国文化深受其根深蒂固的家庭价值观的影响，这些价值观构成了中国社会的基础。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是family values，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查介词。句意：中国家庭价值观的核心是和谐的原则，即“和”。known as表示“被称为”，为固定短语，本空用介词as，符合题意。故填as。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：“和”包含了相互尊重、理解和宽容的理念，被视为维持家庭内部平衡与和平的关键。本句谓语为is seen as，此处为非谓语动词，key to doing sth.“做某事的关键”，为固定短语。本空用maintain“维持”的动名词，作宾语。故填maintaining。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它强调了尊重和关心父母和长辈的重要性。设空处为句子谓语，此处陈述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用stress“强调”的第三人称单数形式。故填stresses。 5．考查名词。句意：孩子们被教导要尊重父母的智慧和经验，优先考虑他们的幸福，并在他们年老时提供支持和照顾。设空处作honor的宾语，应用名词，与experience并列，此处表示“智慧”，应用名词wisdom。故填wisdom。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们被教导要尊重父母的智慧和经验，优先考虑他们的幸福，并在他们年老时提供支持和照顾。本句谓语为are taught，此处为非谓语动词，设空处与to honor和to prioritize并列，应用不定式形式。故填to provide。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：个人欲望往往不如整个家庭的需要和幸福重要。根据than可知，此处表示比较，结合句意应用形容词比较级形式less important“较不重要”。故填less important。 8．考查名词所有格。句意：家庭成员被期望在财务和情感上为家庭的成功做出贡献。设空处作定语，修饰名词success，表示“家庭的”，应用名词所有格family’s。故填family’s。 9．考查副词。句意：教育也受到高度重视。设空处修饰动词valued，应用副词形式highly“高度地”，作状语。故填highly。 10．考查连词。句意：然而，基本原则保持不变，继续引导着一代又一代人。remain the same和continue to guide generations and generations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 （二） （24-25高一上·湖北荆州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From dancers waving long green sticks like 11 (fresh) growing grass to six ice hockey players slapping pucks (冰球) toward the Olympic rings, the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games 12 (intend) to represent unity and a new beginning. 13 a freezing Friday evening, 45,000 spectators half-filled Beijing’s National Stadium, also 14 (know) as the “Bird’s Nest”. It was also the day 15 marked the start of spring in the traditional lunar calendar. “The performances, featuring mostly child 16 (performer), reflect a shift from talking about the past to 17 (focus) on the future.” Zhang Yimou, 18 director of both the 2008 and 2022 Opening Ceremonies, told Chinese media. Besides, the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics took on a 19 (simple) look than the one in Beijing 14 years ago. Ensuring that the Winter Olympic Games were held on schedule 20 (show) the great efforts China made. And it was also a firm declaration that no force can stop Chinese people from realizing their dreams. 【答案】 11．freshly 12．was intended 13．On 14．known 15．which/that 16．performers 17．focusing 18．the 19．simpler 20．showed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2022冬奥会的开幕式的成功和它的意义。 11．考查副词。句意：从舞者挥舞着像新长出的草一样的绿色长棍，到六名冰球运动员朝奥运五环拍手，北京2022年冬奥会的开幕式旨在代表团结和一个新的开始。空处修饰现在分词growing，应用副词freshly作状语，表示“刚刚，新近”。故填freshly。 12．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从舞者挥舞着像新长出的草一样的绿色长棍，到六名冰球运动员朝奥运五环拍手，北京2022年冬奥会的开幕式旨在代表团结和一个新的开始。固定短语be intended to表示“意图，是用来……”，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时，主语the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games是单数，be动词用was。故填was intended。 13．考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的周五晚上，45000名观众坐满了北京国家体育场（也被称为“鸟巢”）的一半。描述具体的某一天的晚上用介词on。句首单词首字母要大写。故填On。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个寒冷的周五晚上，45000名观众坐满了北京国家体育场（也被称为“鸟巢”）的一半。句中已有谓语动词half-filled，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Beijing’s National Stadium与动词know是被动关系，所以用动词过去分词作后置定语。故填known。 15．考查定语从句。句意：这一天也标志着传统农历中春天的开始。空处引导定语从句，先行词the day，指物，在定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 16．考查名词。句意：“这些以儿童演员为主的表演反映了一种从谈论过去到关注未来的转变。”2008年和2022年开幕式导演张艺谋告诉中国媒体。表示“演员”用名词performer，根据上文mostly可知指多名儿童演员，应用名词的复数形式。故填performers。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这些以儿童演员为主的表演反映了一种从谈论过去到关注未来的转变。”2008年和2022年开幕式导演张艺谋告诉中国媒体。介词短语from…to…意为“从……到……”，介词to后用动名词形式。故填focusing。 18．考查冠词。句意：“这些以儿童演员为主的表演反映了一种从谈论过去到关注未来的转变。”2008年和2022年开幕式导演张艺谋告诉中国媒体。这里特指2008年和2022年奥运会开幕式的导演，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 19．考查比较级。句意：此外，与14年前的北京冬奥会相比，北京冬奥会开幕式显得更加简洁。根据后文than可知为比较级simpler。故填simpler。 20．考查时态。句意：确保冬奥会如期举行，体现了中国付出的巨大努力。空处是句子的谓语动词，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填showed。 （三） （24-25高一上·山西·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When American swimmer Ali Truwit first got back into the water after 21 (lose) her leg in a shark attack (袭击), the sound of water around the pool brought back memories of that day. Truwit, a competitive swimmer at Yale University, was 22 holiday with her teammate Sophie Pilkinton in the Turks and Caicos Islands when 23 attack happened. “It was a terrible moment, one that I wouldn’t wish on my worst enemy,” Truwit said. “But when I look back now, I really try to instead focus on the 24 (strong) that Sophie and I showed and how thankful I am for Sophie’s bravery and quick thinking 25 saved my life.” They managed 26 (fight) off the shark and swim back to the boat. Truwit was then airlifted to hospital where doctors gave her medical treatment and 27 (final) amputated (截肢) her left leg just below the knee on her 23rd birthday. Despite the challenges, she found moments of peace and joy in the water as she rediscovered her love for it. Just 16 months later, she 28 (swim) on the biggest stage of all, and won two silver 29 (medal) at the Paralympic Games in Paris. “It’s an indescribable feeling, but it’s on the shoulders of so many who have been such a great support to 30 (I) this year and even in the stands in Paris,” Truwit said. 【答案】 21．losing/having lost 22．on 23．the 24．strength 25．that/which 26．to fight 27．finally 28．swam 29．medals 30．me 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。耶鲁大学游泳选手Ali Truwit在度假中遭遇鲨鱼袭击，左腿被迫截肢，她没有被这次意外事故击垮，而是坚守自己的热爱，16个月后参加巴黎残奥会并斩获两枚银牌。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：当美国游泳运动员阿里·特鲁维特在被鲨鱼袭击失去一条腿后第一次回到水里时，泳池周围的水声让她想起了那一天。after为介词，空处用动名词作宾语，也可以强调“失去腿”这件事在回到水里之前，用动名词的完成式。故填losing/having lost。 22．考查介词。句意：特鲁维特是耶鲁大学的游泳运动员，袭击发生时，她正和队友Sophie Pilkinton在特克斯和凯科斯群岛度假。on holiday意思为：度假，固定短语。故填on。 23．考查冠词。句意同上。此处的“袭击”为特指的鲨鱼袭击，用定冠词the。故填the。 24．考查名词。句意：但当我现在回首往事时，我真正想的是我和苏菲展现出的力量，以及我是如何感谢苏菲的勇敢和敏捷的思维救了我的命。空处作介词on的宾语，用名词。故填strength。 25．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为bravery and quick thinking，作从句的主语，表示物，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：她们设法击退了鲨鱼，游回了船上。manage to do意思为：设法成功做某事。故填to fight。 27．考查副词。句意：特鲁维特随后被空运到医院，医生对她进行了治疗，最后在她23岁生日那天截掉了她左腿膝盖以下的部分。空处修饰动词amputated，用副词作状语。故填finally。 28．考查动词时态。句意：仅仅16个月后，她就在最大的舞台上游泳，并在巴黎残奥会上获得了两枚银牌。空处作谓语，结合won和Just 16 months later可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填swam。 29．考查名词。句意同上。medal为可数名词单数，two后用名词复数。故填medals。 30．考查代词。句意：“这是一种难以言表的感觉，但它肩负着太多人的期望，他们今年一直给予我极大的支持，甚至在巴黎的看台上也是如此，” 特鲁维特说。空处作介词的宾语，用人称代词宾格形式。故填me。 （四） （24-25高一上·贵州毕节·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Han people (汉族) have its own spoken and written language—Chinese. It is the most commonly used language in China and among the largest languages in the world. One possibility is that written Chinese came out in 31 (it) earliest form about 6,000years ago. The Chinese characters today, also 32 (call) “Hanzi”, develop from those used on bones and tortoiseshell (龟甲) more than 3,000 years ago. It’s said that there are more than 80,000 characters, of 33 only about 3,500 are in common use. The Chinese character is a type of character that shows great 34 (creative). Mandarin (普通话) is a kind of Chinese dialect spoken across most of 35 (north) China. The term “Mandarin” can also refer 36 Standard Mandarin, which 37 (base) on the Mandarin dialect spoken in Beijing. It is 38 (official) regarded as the standard for the People’s Republic of China. Why do most non-Chinese speakers choose 39 (learn) Standard Mandarin? Because they are aware of the importance of Mandarin. Mandarin is understood by most Chinese people. As mentioned above, it is China’s national language. Whether you are interested in basic communication, scholarly research, or you are searching for a career in China, Standard Mandarin is 40 necessary tool for communication. And it often serves as a bridge for communication. 【答案】 31．its 32．called 33．which 34．creativity 35．northern 36．to 37．is based 38．officially 39．to learn 40．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了汉语（包括汉字和普通话）的起源、特点及其在中华人民共和国的地位，并阐述了大多数非中文母语者选择学习普通话的原因。 31．考查代词。句意：有一种可能是，书面汉语在大约6000年前就有了它最早的形式。此处指“它（汉语）的最早形式”，应用形容词性物主代词its修饰earliest form。故填its。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天的汉字，也被称为“Hanzi”，是从3000多年前刻在骨头和龟甲上的文字发展而来的。句中develop为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。call与逻辑主语The Chinese characters构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。 33．考查定语从句。句意：据说有8万多字，其中只有3500字是常用的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词characters，先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 34．考查名词。句意：汉字是一种极具创造力的文字。根据上文great为形容词，修饰名词，故此处应用名词creativity，作宾语。故填creativity。 35．考查形容词。句意：普通话是一种在中国北方大部分地区使用的汉语方言。此处修饰名词China应用形容词northern，作定语。故填northern。 36．考查介词。句意：“普通话”一词也可以指标准普通话，它是以北京话为基础的。结合句意表示“指”可知短语为refer to。故填to。 37．考查动词时态和语态。句意：“普通话”一词也可以指标准普通话，它是以北京话为基础的。此处描述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为which，指代Standard Mandarin，与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，助动词用is。故填is based。 38．考查副词。句意：它已被正式确立为中华人民共和国的标准。修饰动词regard应用副词officially，作状语。故填officially。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：为什么大多数非中文母语者选择学习标准普通话？分析句子结构可知choose在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处表示“选择做某事”短语为choose to do sth.。故填to learn。 40．考查冠词。句意：无论你是对基本交流、学术研究感兴趣，还是在中国寻找职业，标准普通话都是一种必要的交流工具。tool为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且necessary是辅音音素开头的单词，故应用a。故填a。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $