寒假作业08 七选五+高考必考题型（巩固培优）高一英语人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 七选五+高考必考题型 一、题型解读——明确考查核心 七选五的本质是“补全语篇、衔接逻辑”，命题人设置空白的目的是考查考生对以下核心能力的掌握： 1.语篇结构把握能力：能否识别文章总分、总分总、对比、因果等常见结构，明确段落间及句间的逻辑关系； 2.衔接关系分析能力：能否通过词汇、句式、语义等线索，判断空白处与上下文的衔接关系； 3.语义连贯性理解能力：能否确保所选选项与上下文语义一致、语气连贯，无逻辑断层。 4.高考七选五常见空白位置及考查重点：①段首空白：多考查段落主旨句或过渡句（承上启下）；②段中空白：多考查句间逻辑衔接（如因果、转折、并列等）；③段尾空白：多考查总结句、递进句或呼应句。 二、核心解题步骤——四步搞定七选五 结合高一学生学情，推荐“先整体后局部”的四步解题法，避免盲目选择： 第一步：略读全文，把握主旨与结构 快速浏览全文（不纠结生词），重点关注首段、尾段及各段首句，明确文章核心话题（主题词）和整体结构（如“提出问题-解决问题”“介绍方法-分点说明”）。同时标记出空白处的位置（段首/段中/段尾），初步预判空白处的功能。 第二步：通读选项，标注关键信息 逐句阅读7个选项，划出核心名词、动词、逻辑连接词（如but、so、however、in addition等）、代词（如it、they、this等）及数字、专有名词等关键信息，同时预判每个选项的语义方向（如观点、举例、总结、转折等），为后续匹配做准备。 第三步：逐空匹配，锁定衔接线索 回到原文，结合空白处上下文，通过“衔接线索”匹配最佳选项。这是解题核心步骤，具体线索见下文技巧拆解。匹配时需注意：一个空白可能对应多个线索，需综合判断；排除明显与上下文语义、逻辑矛盾的选项。 第四步：代入验证，检查连贯性 将选出的5个选项代入原文，通读全文，检查：①语义是否连贯，无明显逻辑断层；②语法是否正确，无指代不明、时态混乱等问题；③语篇结构是否完整，段落间过渡自然。 三、核心解题技巧——三大衔接线索拆解 七选五解题的关键是找到“衔接线索”，即连接空白处与上下文的“桥梁”。高考高频线索主要分为三类，也是高一学生需重点掌握的核心技巧： （一）技巧一：抓逻辑连接词——锁定句间关系 逻辑连接词是语篇逻辑的“显性标志”，直接提示空白处与上下文的关系（转折、因果、并列、递进等），可快速匹配选项。高考高频逻辑连接词及对应关系如下： 1.转折关系：but、however、yet、on the contrary、in fact、instead等 【解题要点】空白处前后语义需相反或形成对比，选项中含上述连接词时，需确认其语义与上下文是否构成转折。 【示例】原文：Most students think English grammar is difficult. ______ With the right methods, it can be easy to master. 选项：However, this is not necessarily true.（通过however衔接“难”与“不难”的转折关系） 2.因果关系：so、therefore、thus、as a result、because、since、for等 【解题要点】若上下文存在“原因-结果”逻辑，含因果连接词的选项优先匹配；需注意“原因在前、结果在后”或“结果在前、原因在后”的语序。 【示例】原文：We need to get enough sleep every night. ______ Lack of sleep will affect our memory and study efficiency. 选项：Because sleep helps our brain organize information and recover energy.（通过because解释前文“需要充足睡眠”的原因） 3.并列/递进关系：and、also、besides、in addition、what’s more、not only...but also...等 【解题要点】空白处前后语义需同类（并列）或更深入（递进），选项内容需与上下文话题一致。 【示例】原文：Reading English books can improve our vocabulary. ______ It can also help us understand English culture better. 选项：In addition, it can enhance our reading speed.（通过in addition递进，补充阅读的另一好处） 4.例证关系：for example、for instance、such as、that is等 【解题要点】若空白前是观点句，空白处可能是举例说明；选项含上述连接词时，需确认例子是否支撑前文观点。 【示例】原文：There are many ways to practice oral English. ______ You can talk with your classmates in English during breaks. 选项：For example, you can join an English corner.（通过for example举例说明“练习口语的方法”） （二）技巧二：抓词汇衔接——利用“重复与指代”锁定匹配 词汇衔接是语篇连贯的重要保障，也是七选五的高频隐性线索，主要包括“词汇重复”和“代词指代”两类： 1.词汇重复（原词/同义/近义/同根词） 【解题要点】空白处前后文出现的核心名词、动词等，往往会在正确选项中以原词、同义词、近义词或同根词的形式重复出现，通过“词汇呼应”锁定匹配选项。 【示例】原文：Learning to manage time is important for high school students. ______ Good time management can help us balance study and rest. 选项：Mastering time management skills can bring many benefits.（“manage time”与“time management”同根词重复，“important”与“benefits”语义呼应） 2.代词指代（it、they、this、that、these、those等） 【解题要点】选项或上下文出现代词时，需明确代词指代的内容（必须是前文出现过的名词或句子），通过“指代一致性”排除无关选项。 【示例】原文：Many students like using smart phones to study. ______ They can help us look up new words quickly. 选项：These devices are convenient and efficient.（代词“These devices”指代前文“smart phones”，确保指代一致） （三）技巧三：抓语义衔接——匹配主旨与语境 若没有明显的逻辑连接词和词汇线索，需通过“语义一致性”判断选项，核心是确保选项与上下文的主旨、语境相符： 1.段首空白：优先匹配主旨句 段首句多为段落中心句，选项需概括该段核心内容，且与全文主旨一致。 【示例】原文：______ First, we should make a study plan. Second, we need to review what we’ve learned every day. Third, we should ask teachers for help when we have questions. 选项：There are three effective ways to improve our study.（概括下文“三个学习方法”，作为段首主旨句） 2.段尾空白：优先匹配总结/呼应句段尾句多为总结前文内容，或呼应段首主旨、全文主题，选项需具备“总结性”或“呼应性”。 【示例】原文：By following these steps, we can easily finish our homework on time. We will also have more time to do what we like. ______ 选项：In short, good homework habits are important for high school students.（通过“In short”总结前文，呼应“养成良好作业习惯”的核心） 3.段中空白：优先匹配语境衔接句 段中句需填补上下文语义断层，确保语气连贯、话题不偏离。 【示例】原文：When preparing for an English exam, we should focus on key points. ______ We should also do more practice to check our progress. 选项：For example, we can review important grammar rules and core vocabulary.（承接前文“聚焦重点”，衔接后文“多练习”，语义连贯） （四）避坑指南——常见错误选项特征 高一学生解题时易被干扰项迷惑，需牢记以下3类错误选项特征，快速排除： 1.语义无关：选项内容与上下文话题不一致，无任何衔接线索； 2.逻辑矛盾：选项语义与上下文形成对立（无转折词衔接），或因果、递进关系颠倒； 3.细节冗余：选项内容过于细节，无法匹配段首主旨或段尾总结的功能； 4.指代不明：选项中的代词无法在前文找到明确的指代对象。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 （一）练习一 How to Make Friends in High School Entering high school means meeting new people and making new friends. But for many students, this can be a little difficult. ___1___ Here are some useful tips to help you. ___2___ Smile and say hello when you meet someone new. A friendly attitude can make others feel comfortable and willing to talk to you. Don’t be afraid to start a conversation. You can ask others about their hobbies, favorite subjects or weekend plans. Join clubs or activities. High school has many clubs and activities, such as sports clubs, music clubs and art clubs. ___3___ You can meet people who share the same interests as you. It’s easier to make friends with someone who likes the same things as you do. Be a good listener. When your new friends talk to you, listen carefully and show that you are interested. ___4___ Ask follow-up questions to keep the conversation going. This will make your friends feel valued. ___5___ If you make a mistake, apologize sincerely. Don’t be too proud to admit your mistakes. Being honest and reliable will help you keep your friends. Remember, making friends takes time and effort. Be patient and you will have many good friends in high school. A.Be friendly to others. B.Don’t worry, you are not alone. C.Join as many clubs as possible. D.Avoid talking about your own problems all the time. E.Being in a club helps you meet new people easily. F.Be honest and trustworthy. G.Try to remember their names and hobbies. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要向高一新生介绍了在高中结交朋友的四条实用建议，语篇结构为“总-分-总”，空白处均为段首或段中衔接句，考查逻辑衔接和语义匹配能力。 1. 空白1（段中）：前文提到“对很多学生来说，结交新朋友有点难”，后文给出建议。选项B（Don’t worry, you are not alone.）承接前文的“困难”，安抚情绪并引出下文建议，语义衔接自然。排除其他选项：A是具体建议，此时尚未引出建议；C、E聚焦俱乐部，话题不符。 2. 空白2（段首）：该段内容围绕“微笑、打招呼、主动交谈”展开，核心是“友好”。选项A（Be friendly to others.）作为段首主旨句，概括全段内容，符合语义。排除其他选项：E、C话题为俱乐部，与本段无关；D是倾听的细节，不适合段首。 3. 空白3（段中）：前文提到“高中有很多俱乐部和活动”，后文说“可以遇到有相同兴趣的人”。选项E（Being in a club helps you meet new people easily.）衔接“俱乐部”话题，说明加入俱乐部的好处，与上下文语义一致。排除C（“尽可能多加入俱乐部”与原文“加入俱乐部”不符，原文未强调“数量”）。 4. 空白4（段中）：本段主旨是“做一个好倾听者”，前文说“认真倾听并表现出兴趣”，后文说“问后续问题延续对话”。选项D（Avoid talking about your own problems all the time.）补充“倾听”的注意事项，避免自我中心，符合语境。排除G（“记住名字和爱好”原文未提及）。 5. 空白5（段首）：该段内容围绕“犯错要道歉、诚实可靠”展开，选项F（Be honest and trustworthy.）作为段首主旨句，概括全段核心，“honest and trustworthy”与后文“honest and reliable”同义呼应。排除其他选项：A是友好，话题不符。 （二）练习二 The Importance of Reading English Books Reading English books is one of the best ways to improve your English skills. ___1___ It can help you in many aspects. First, reading English books can expand your vocabulary. __2____ You will meet new words and phrases in the books, and you can guess their meanings from the context. This is a natural and effective way to learn new words. Second, reading English books can improve your reading comprehension. By reading regularly, you will get used to the structure of English sentences and the logic of English articles. ____3__ You will find it easier to understand English materials in exams. Third, reading English books can help you learn about different cultures. Many English books are about the history, customs and lifestyles of other countries. ___4___ This can broaden your horizons and make you more knowledgeable. ___5___ For example, you can choose storybooks if you like stories, or science books if you are interested in science. It’s important to choose books that are suitable for your level. If the books are too difficult, you may feel frustrated. If they are too easy, you won’t make progress. In conclusion, reading English books is beneficial for your English learning and personal development. Start reading today and you will see the difference. A.It can also help you improve your writing skills. B.You should choose the right books to read. C.Unlike memorizing words from a dictionary, reading makes learning words fun. D.Reading can help you relax after a long day of study. E.By reading these books, you can learn about the world outside your own country. F.This will help you read faster and more efficiently. G.Many students don’t like reading English books. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. F 4. E 5. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，阐述了阅读英语书籍的重要性及益处，最后给出“选择合适书籍”的建议，语篇结构为“总-分-总”，空白处考查因果衔接、语义补充等逻辑关系。 1. 空白1（段中）：前文说“读英语书是提升英语技能的最佳方式之一”，后文说“在很多方面有帮助”。选项A（It can also help you improve your writing skills.）补充“提升写作技能”这一益处，“also”体现递进关系，衔接前文“提升英语技能”，符合逻辑。排除其他选项：D是“放松”，与“英语技能”话题不符；G是“学生不喜欢读”，语义矛盾。 2. 空白2（段中）：本段主旨是“扩大词汇量”，前文说“读英语书能扩大词汇量”，后文说“从语境中猜词义”。选项C（Unlike memorizing words from a dictionary, reading makes learning words fun.）对比“字典记词”与“阅读记词”，补充阅读记词的优势，衔接“扩大词汇量”的话题，符合语境。排除其他选项：A已在前文用过“also”，且话题不匹配。 3. 空白3（段中）：前文说“习惯英语句子结构和语篇逻辑”，后文说“更容易理解考试中的英语材料”。选项F（This will help you read faster and more efficiently.）中“this”指代前文“习惯句子结构和逻辑”，说明其带来的“阅读更快更高效”的结果，衔接后文“更容易理解材料”，因果逻辑清晰。 4. 空白4（段中）：前文说“很多英语书关于其他国家的历史、风俗和生活方式”，后文说“拓宽视野、增长知识”。选项E（By reading these books, you can learn about the world outside your own country.）中“these books”指代前文“关于其他国家的英语书”，衔接“了解他国”与“拓宽视野”，语义连贯。排除其他选项：D话题无关。 5. 空白5（段首）：该段内容围绕“选择合适的书”展开（故事书、科学书、适合自己水平的书），选项B（You should choose the right books to read.）作为段首主旨句，概括全段内容，符合语义。 （三）练习三 How to Keep a Healthy Lifestyle as a High School Student As a high school student, keeping a healthy lifestyle is important for your study and growth. ___1___ Here are some suggestions for you. First, eat a balanced diet. You should eat more vegetables and fruits, which are rich in vitamins and fiber. __2____ Avoid eating too much fast food and snacks, which are high in fat and sugar. They are bad for your health. Second, exercise regularly. Exercise can help you stay strong and energetic. __3____ You can play basketball, run, swim or take a walk after class. Try to exercise at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week. Third, get enough sleep. _4_____ Teenagers need at least 8-9 hours of sleep every night. If you don’t get enough sleep, you may feel tired in class and can’t concentrate on your study. Fourth, manage your stress. High school study can be stressful. ____5__ You can talk to your parents, teachers or friends about your problems. You can also listen to music or do some sports to relax yourself. Following these suggestions, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and enjoy your high school life. A.It can also help you reduce stress. B.Sleep is important for your body and brain to rest. C.Many students don’t have time to exercise. D.You should also eat some grains and protein, such as rice, meat and eggs. E.But many students don’t know how to keep healthy. F.Don’t stay up late playing games or watching TV. G.Eating too much is bad for your stomach. 【答案】1. E 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，向高中生介绍保持健康生活方式的四条建议（均衡饮食、规律运动、充足睡眠、管理压力），语篇结构清晰，空白处考查递进、因果、语义补充等衔接关系。 1. 空白1（段中）：前文说“保持健康生活方式很重要”，后文给出建议。选项E（But many students don’t know how to keep healthy.）通过“but”转折，引出“学生不知道如何保持健康”的问题，自然过渡到下文的建议，逻辑连贯。排除其他选项：A是“减压”，话题不符；C是“没时间运动”，语义无关。 2. 空白2（段中）：本段主旨是“均衡饮食”，前文说“多吃蔬菜和水果”，后文说“避免快餐和零食”。选项D（You should also eat some grains and protein, such as rice, meat and eggs.）中“also”体现递进，补充“谷物和蛋白质”，完善“均衡饮食”的建议，符合语义。排除G（“吃太多伤胃”与本段“均衡饮食”话题不符）。 3. 空白3（段中）：前文说“运动能让你强壮有活力”，后文说“具体运动方式和时长”。选项A（It can also help you reduce stress.）补充运动的另一好处“减压”，“also”递进，衔接前文“运动的益处”，且与后文运动建议不冲突。排除C（“没时间运动”与前文“运动有益”语义矛盾）。 4. 空白4（段首）：本段主旨是“充足睡眠”，选项B（Sleep is important for your body and brain to rest.）作为段首句，解释“睡眠的重要性”，引出后文“青少年需8-9小时睡眠”的具体建议，符合语义。排除F（“别熬夜”是具体要求，不适合段首主旨）。 5. 空白5（段中）：本段主旨是“管理压力”，前文说“高中学习有压力”，后文说“倾诉、听音乐、运动减压”。选项F（Don’t stay up late playing games or watching TV.）补充“避免熬夜”这一避免压力加重的细节，衔接后文减压方法，符合语境。排除其他选项：A已在前文提及，话题重复。 （四）练习四 How to Prepare for an English Exam Exams are important for checking your learning progress. Preparing well for an English exam can help you get good grades. __1____ Here are some useful tips. First, review your notes regularly. Your English notes are full of key points, such as grammar rules and important words. __2____ Reviewing them every day can help you remember the knowledge better. Second, do more practice. Practice makes perfect. __3____ You can do past exam papers, which can help you get familiar with the exam format and types of questions. You can also do exercise books to improve your weak points. Third, improve your listening skills. Listening is an important part of the English exam. ___4___ You can listen to English news, songs or dialogues every day. Try to understand the main idea and key details. Fourth, pay attention to your writing. For the writing part of the exam, you should practice writing different types of articles, such as letters, diaries and essays. __5____ You can ask your teacher or classmates to check your writing and give you suggestions. Finally, keep a good attitude. Don’t be too nervous before the exam. Believe in yourself and you will do well. A.But how to prepare for it effectively? B.You should take notes carefully in class. C.It’s important to practice listening every day. D.You should also pay attention to your handwriting. E.Doing more practice can help you improve your skills. F.You can make a review plan and stick to it. G.Listening to English is boring for many students. 【答案】1. A 2. F 3. G 4. C 5. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，向高中生介绍备考英语考试的五条建议，语篇结构为“总-分”，空白处考查转折衔接、语义补充、主旨匹配等逻辑关系，贴近高一学生备考实际。 1. 空白1（段中）：前文说“好好备考英语能得好成绩”，后文给出建议。选项A（But how to prepare for it effectively?）通过“but”转折，提出“如何有效备考”的问题，自然引出下文建议，逻辑衔接紧密。排除其他选项：B是“上课认真记笔记”，与前文“备考”话题衔接不自然；E是“多练习”，属于具体建议，此时尚未引出建议。 2. 空白2（段中）：本段主旨是“定期复习笔记”，前文说“笔记有重点”，后文说“每天复习帮助记忆”。选项F（You can make a review plan and stick to it.）补充“制定复习计划并坚持”这一复习方法，衔接“定期复习”的话题，符合语境。排除B（“认真记笔记”是记笔记的要求，而非复习的方法）。 3. 空白3（段中）：本段主旨是“多练习”，前文说“熟能生巧”，后文说“做真题、练习册”。选项G（Doing more practice can help you improve your skills.）解释“多练习”的好处，衔接前文“熟能生巧”与后文具体练习方式，语义连贯。 4. 空白4（段中）：本段主旨是“提升听力技能”，前文说“听力是考试重要部分”，后文说“听新闻、歌曲、对话”。选项C（It’s important to practice listening every day.）强调“每天练习听力”的重要性，衔接前文“听力的重要性”与后文具体听力材料，符合语义。排除H（“听英语无聊”与本段积极建议不符）。 5. 空白5（段中）：本段主旨是“重视写作”，前文说“练习写不同类型文章”，后文说“让老师同学检查”。选项D（You should also pay attention to your handwriting.）中“also”体现递进，补充“注意书写”这一写作注意事项，完善写作备考建议，符合语境。排除其他选项：B话题无关。 （一） How to Improve Your Memory Memory is an important part of our lives. A good memory can help us learn new things quickly and easily. Here are some tips on how to improve your memory. 1 When you want to remember something, it is very important to pay attention. For example, if you are listening to a lecture, don’t think about other things at the same time. Try to focus on what the speaker is saying. If you are reading a book, don’t watch TV or play with your phone at the same time. 2 Another way to improve your memory is to repeat the information. For example, if you are learning a new word, repeat it several times. You can also write it down several times. This will help you remember the word better. 3 Making associations is also a good way to improve your memory. For example, if you are trying to remember a person’s name, you can associate the name with something you know. If the person’s name is Rose, you can think of a rose flower. 4 Getting enough sleep is also very important for memory. When you sleep, your brain has a chance to rest and process the information you have learned during the day. If you don’t get enough sleep, your memory may be affected. 5 Finally, reducing stress can also help improve your memory. Stress can make it difficult for you to concentrate and remember things. You can do some relaxation exercises, such as yoga or meditation, to reduce stress. A．Pay attention. B．Repeat information. C．Use memory techniques. D．Get enough sleep. E．Reduce stress. F．Eat healthy food. G．Do more exercise. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何提高记忆力。 1．根据下文“When you want to remember something, it is very important to pay attention. (当你想要记住某事时，集中注意力是非常重要的。)”可知本段重点讲集中注意力，所以A选项“专心。”符合题意，故选A。 2．根据下文“Another way to improve your memory is to repeat the information. (另一种提高记忆力的方法是重复这些信息。)”可知本段围绕重复信息展开，所以B选项“重复信息。”符合题意，故选B。 3．根据下文“Making associations is also a good way to improve your memory. (建立联想也是提高记忆力的好方法。)”可知本段说的是记忆技巧，所以C选项“使用记忆技巧。”符合题意，故选C。 4．根据下文“Getting enough sleep is also very important for memory. (充足的睡眠对记忆力也很重要。)”可知本段说的是充足的睡眠，所以D选项“保证充足的睡眠。”符合题意，故选D。 5．根据下文“Finally, reducing stress can also help improve your memory. (最后，减轻压力也有助于提高你的记忆力。)”可知本段说的是减轻压力，所以E选项“减轻压力。”符合题意，故选E。 （二） If you have a big test coming up or just want to do well in class, studying is one of the best things you can do to improve your grade. Even though revising things you already learned might seem boring, you’ll feel a lot more comfortable with the material. 6 Study in 1-hour blocks. Keep your study time shorter so you don’t get tired. Set aside (留出) an hour for each of your subjects so you have time to revise them. 1 In this way, you don’t get information mixed up between classes. 2 Step away for a few minutes every hour so you don’t feel overworked. Since studying takes up a lot of energy and brainpower, schedule in 5-10 minutes every hour where you just relax. Avoid working through the breaks. Schedule time to study every day. Try to set aside a regular time to go over notes for class. 3 So, you’re able to focus a little better. If you can, try to plan the same time every day so you can get into a regular routine (惯例). Work somewhere quiet. 4 Avoid studying in a room with other loud people or distractions since it’ll be hard to focus and remember the material. Instead, go into your room and shut the door, or find a quiet spot at the school library where you can sit. A．Plan regular breaks. B．Revise your notes in your own words. C．Only focus on one subject at a time during each block. D．Find a time when you feel the most energetic to study. E．We’ll start by looking at some tips on forming the best study habits! F．Find a place where you won’t have trouble concentrating on the material. G．If you live with others, ask them to be quiet when you plan your study time. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四条有效养成最佳学习习惯的建议：以1小时为单元学习；计划定期休息；每天安排时间学习；找个安静的地方学习。 1．设空句为第一段末尾句，应是一个“承前启后”句。根据前文“If you have a big test coming up or just want to do well in class, studying is one of the best things you can do to improve your grade.(如果你有一个重要的考试，或者只是想在课堂上取得好成绩，学习是你能做的最好的事情之一，以提高你的成绩)”可知，第一段主题是“学习”，因此设空句应提到“学习”；根据后文段落“Study in 1-hour blocks.(以1小时为单元学习)”，“Schedule time to study every day.(每天安排时间学习)”可知，后文段落讲到了学习方面的建议。选项E“We’ll start by looking at some tips on forming the best study habits!(我们将从一些养成最佳学习习惯的建议开始！)”既呼应第一段主题“学习”，也可用“some tips on forming the best study habits(一些养成最佳学习习惯的建议)”承启后文段落内容，符合语境。故选E项。 2．后文“In this way, you don’t get information mixed up between classes.(这样，就不会在课程之间混淆信息)”提出了“不会混淆课程信息”的效果，由此可推知，设空句应是一个如何不会混淆课程信息的学习方式。选项C“Only focus on one subject at a time during each block.(在每个时间段内，一次只关注一个科目)”提出了学习方式：一个时间段内只关注一门科目，这样就不会混淆内容，在逻辑上可与空后内容构成“因果”逻辑，符合语境。故选C项。 3．设空句为该段小标题，应是该段的主旨要义句。根据后文内容“Step away for a few minutes every hour so you don’t feel overworked. Since studying takes up a lot of energy and brainpower, schedule in 5-10 minutes every hour where you just relax. (每小时休息几分钟，这样你就不会觉得工作过度。因为学习需要大量的精力和脑力，所以每小时安排5-10分钟的放松时间)”可知，本段主要强调了学习期间要每小时安排一次休息时间。选项A“Plan regular breaks.(计划有规律的休息时间)”符合该段主旨。故选A项。 4．后文“So, you’re able to focus a little better. (这样你就能更好地集中注意力了)”提到了效果“更好地集中注意力”，且结合语境主题“Schedule time to study every day.(每天安排时间学习)”以及常识可推知，设空句应是讲述了一个集中注意力的时间。选项D“Find a time when you feel the most energetic to study.(找一个你觉得最有精力的时间学习)”提出了找出最有精力时间用来学习，符合语境。故选D项。 5．根据主题句“Work somewhere quiet.(找个安静的地方学习)”可知，该段强调的是要有一个安静的学习环境，设空句作为该段首句应对该建议进行进一步的强调和解释。选项F“Find a place where you won’t have trouble concentrating on the material.(找一个能让你集中注意力在学习材料上的地方)”解释了安静的地方能让人集中注意力学习，符合语境。故选F项。 （三） There’s no doubt that when it comes to friendship，you want positive people in your life and not negatives ones． 1 ．Support when you need it. With positive friends，you don’t need to beg for help when you need it because chances are they will be there for you without asking． 2 ．Health benefits of being positive．The more positive friends you have，the better you will be at remaining optimistic yourself． 3 . For example，it helps people to deal with stress and illness better．Health benefits may include lower rates of depression，a greater ability to throw off colds，and a reduced risk of developing disease．Bring out the best in you． 4 . This means trying new things，achieving goals，and having the kind of life you dreamed of for yourself．With positive people in your life，you’11 feel more comfortable sharing your goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life．Attracting More Positive FriendsYou naturally attract the kinds of friends who are most like you．So if you’re a downer，you’11 probably find that negative people flock to you． 5 . The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude，the more likeminded people you’11 attract in return． A．Here are some benefits of spending time with positive friends． B．That’s why you’d better surround yourself with positive friends． C．In most cases，they will go out of their way to help you when you’re in trouble． D．The same is true for being positive． E．As we all know，there are many benefits of being optimistic． F．Your positive friends will inspire you to be the best you can be． G．Most of the time，you have to ask them to help you when in trouble． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．B 【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何交朋友的一些方式，跟积极乐观的朋友交往有很好的帮助。 1．根据后文“Support when you need it. ”可知讲述的是朋友会在需要的时候帮助你，选项C意为，C项中“help”与“support”一致，因此推断C项“在大多数情况下, 当你遇到了麻烦他们会用自己的方式去帮助你”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“With positive friends，you don’t need to beg for help when you need it because chances are they will be there for you without asking．(与积极的朋友在一起，当你需要帮助的时候，你不需要乞求，因为很可能无需询问随时为你服务。)”可知这是讲跟积极乐观的朋友一起对自己有好处，而选项A表达的就是这个意思，故选A 3．根据上文“Health benefits of being positive”可知这段是讲述变得积极乐观对健康有好处，选项E中的“benefits of being optimistic”与此处一致，因此推断E项符合语境，故选E。 4．根据下文“This means trying new things，achieving goals，and having the kind of life you dreamed of for yourself．”可知这意味着尝试新事物，实现目标，并拥有你梦寐以求的生活。因此推断此处讲述尝试新事物，成为更好的自己。F项“你的积极向上的朋友会激励你成为最好的自己”，符合句意，故选F。 5．前文讲述积极乐观的朋友交往有很好的帮助，而选项B意为“这就是为什么要跟积极乐观的朋友相处”，符合语境，故选B （四） Have you ever thought to yourself, “I’d love to learn a foreign language but it’s just too hard”? Here are good ways to learn a new language. Schedule time for language study Starting your day with a study period, and language learning should come first. Putting language learning first will result in more time spent on your foreign language goals, and in return, more progress. 1 . By ending your day with another study period, you create a “habit sandwich”, which helps to strengthen the language learning habit. Read the news in the language Reading the news in the language you are learning is a great way to stay connected to present events happening in the country. Regularly reading in the language gets you to know various words, many of which you might not meet in your regular language studies. 2 . For example, a quick Google search for “newspapers in China” brings up Asia Today, Beijing Daily and Chinese Daily. Find a conversation partner 3 . You’ll likely meet people who can set an example to you, but you’ll also meet those who aren’t as skilled in the language. Teaching them some new words and phrases can help improve what you’ve already learned. 4 Adults always comment on how children seem to get information like sponges(海绵). Children are more willing to try new things and make mistakes. Try to think like a kid when it comes to learning the language. 5 —even if you make mistakes. A．Think like a kid B．Set goals for yourself C．Study again right before bed D．Don’t be afraid to use the language you’re learning E．You can find an online newspaper from just about any country F．As you continue to read more, challenge yourself to try more difficult texts G．Joining a meet-up group can connect you with other people learning the language 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学习一门新语言的几种好方法，包括安排学习时间、阅读用该语言写的新闻、找一个对话伙伴以及像孩子一样思考等。 1．根据第二段 “Starting your day with a study period, and language learning should come first. (以一段学习时间开启你的一天，并且语言学习应放在首位)” 以及 “ By ending your day with another study period, you create a “habit sandwich”, which helps to strengthen the language learning habit.(通过在一天结束时再进行一段学习时间，你就创造了一个‘习惯三明治’，这有助于强化语言学习习惯)” 可知，除了开始一天时学习语言，还提到了结束一天时也进行学习，所以此处应是关于睡前再学习的内容。C 选项“就在睡前再学习一”符合语境，可承上启下。故选C。 2．根据第三段“Reading the news in the language you are learning is a great way to stay connected to present events happening in the country. (用你正在学习的语言阅读新闻是与这个国家正在发生的时事保持联系的好方法)” 以及 “ For example, a quick Google search for “newspapers in China” brings up Asia Today, Beijing Daily and Chinese Daily.(例如，在谷歌上快速搜索“中国的报纸”会出现《今日亚洲》《北京日报》和《中国日报》)” 可知，这里在讲用所学语言阅读新闻，且举例说明了能找到中国的一些报纸，可推知能找到不同国家的在线报纸来阅读。E 选项 “你几乎可以找到来自任何国家的在线报纸”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据上文“Find a conversation partner(找一个对话伙伴)”以及 “You’ll likely meet people who can set an example to you, but you’ll also meet those who aren’t as skilled in the language.(你可能会遇到能给你树立榜样的人，但你也会遇到那些在这门语言上不太熟练的人)” 可知，此段围绕找对话伙伴展开，且提到会遇到不同的人，所以应该是加入某个组织能让你和其他学这门语言的人联系起来。G 选项 “加入一个聚会小组可以让你与其他学习这门语言的人建立联系”符合语境。故选G。 4．根据下文 “Adults always comment on how children seem to get information like sponges (海绵). Children are more willing to try new things and make mistakes. Try to think like a kid when it comes to learning the language. (成年人总是评论孩子们似乎像海绵一样吸收信息。孩子们更愿意尝试新事物并犯错。在学习语言时，试着像孩子一样思考)” 可知，此段主要强调在语言学习中要像孩子一样思考。A 选项“像孩子一样思考”可作为该段小标题。故选A。 5．根据上文“Children are more willing to try new things and make mistakes. Try to think like a kid when it comes to learning the language. (孩子们更愿意尝试新事物并犯错。在学习语言时，试着像孩子一样思考)” 以及 “—even if you make mistakes.(—— 即使你犯了错)” 可知，像孩子一样不怕犯错去尝试新事物，对应在语言学习中就是不要害怕使用正在学习的语言。D 选项 “不要害怕使用你正在学习的语言”符合语境。故选D。 （一） Social activities for the elderly are necessary because they help in bringing about considerable improvement in their overall well-being. 1 It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them. Dance is also what people of any age can enjoy. As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. 2 Then, hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. 3 Some may have the skills to play the piano for example. Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. Besides, there are some creative activities for the elderly, for example, encouraging them to make a collage (拼贴画) using all their family photographs and mementos. All of us love to look at the old photographs. 4 They can decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. Outdoors, fishing, boating, playing golf, etc. are loved by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. 5 Such activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body, making it easier for them to enjoy the leisure time. A．Elderly people are no exception to that. B．They can record their dance in a video recorder. C．Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. D．Its basic aim is to improve elderly people’s flexibility. E．Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot. F．Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. G．The elderly can join a hobby class where they will learn music. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是适合老年人参与的各种活动，以提升他们的幸福感和身心健康。 1．根据下文“It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them.(他们可能很难照顾整个花园，但一些小型盆栽室内植物正适合他们)”可知，照顾整个花园对老人来说可能太过困难，由此推知，上文提到了老人照顾花园的工作，E选项“Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot.(园艺是老年人非常喜欢的一种典型活动)”符合文意，gardening呼应下文的garden。故选E项。 2．前文提到“Dance is also what people of any age can enjoy. As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. (舞蹈也是任何年龄段的人都能享受的活动。由于老年人行动不便，轮椅舞蹈越来越受欢迎)”，下文提到“Then, hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. (然后，聘请一位专门教授这种舞蹈的教练)”，中间需要一个过渡句，F选项“Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. (召集一群对舞蹈感兴趣的人)”，先召集人，再聘请教练，符合逻辑。故选F项。 3．下文提到“Some may have the skills to play the piano for example. Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. (例如，有些人可能会弹钢琴。为那种乐器做好必要的安排，以便他或她可以在闲暇时间弹奏)”，这表明此处是在讲与音乐相关的活动。G选项“The elderly can join a hobby class where they will learn music. (老年人可以参加一个学习音乐的兴趣班)”能够引出下文关于老年人学习音乐的内容。故选G项。 4．根据上文“All of us love to look at the old photographs. (我们所有人都喜欢看老照片)”可知，人们都喜欢看老照片，结合下文“They can decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. (他们可以用树叶和手工纸等小装饰品来装饰拼贴画)”进一步说明老年人在制作拼贴画时可以用到老照片，由此可知，此处涉及到老人也喜欢看老照片，A选项“Elderly people are no exception to that. (老年人也不例外)”能够很好地承接上文，说明老年人也喜欢看老照片。故选A项。 5．上文提到“Outdoors, fishing, boating, playing golf, etc. are loved by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. (在户外，钓鱼、划船、打高尔夫球等活动深受老年人喜爱，因为这些活动所需的身体运动量最小)”，这里在讲户外活动，接下来应该讲室内活动，结合下文“Such activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body, making it easier for them to enjoy the leisure time.(这类以娱乐形式开展的活动对老年人的身心具有治疗作用，使他们更容易享受闲暇时光)”可知，此处总结了上文所涉及到的开展的与老人相关的活动，由此可知，此空仍涉及到与老年人开展的活动相关，C选项“Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. (在室内，有带自适应控制的电子游戏)”，从户外转到室内活动的介绍，符合语境。故选C项。 （二） An increasing number of people choose to learn a foreign language, but in the process of learning, they may develop foreign language anxiety (FLA). 6 Anxiety can make us perform poorly because it divides our attention. Athletes and performing artists are able to work effectively under great pressure. 1 They forget about everything other than the task at hand. If you can focus only on the task at hand, you might enjoy the experience and turn stress into productive energy. One way to deal with FLA is to accept making mistakes. 2 Perfectionists cannot accept making mistakes. However, being afraid of making mistakes can affect how well you do and how much you enjoy it. Taking risks when speaking your second language helps build confidence. To beat anxiety, be brave. When you meet a foreigner, it’s sometimes a good idea to have the goal of “We’re going to understand each other.” rather than “I’m going to speak correctly.” 3 Learning a new language makes people see the world differently. Our new language holds much of how we view the world and connect with others. Speaking a second language might make us worry that people are misunderstanding who we really are. 4 We may find freedom in accepting that we can’t control how others see us. It’s okay if few people know you as well as you know yourself. Since you can’t be the same person in your second language as you are in your native one, you get the chance to create a new identity. A．You have a limited vocabulary. B．You can also think the other way. C．However, there’s a positive side too. D．This is because they enter a special state. E．We should not always be afraid of making mistakes. F．FLA has a bad effect on learning and performance. G．A study found that FLA is related to perfectionism. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨外语学习焦虑（FLA）的影响及应对方法。 1．前文“An increasing number of people choose to learn a foreign language, but in the process of learning, they may develop foreign language anxiety (FLA). (越来越多的人选择学习外语，但在学习过程中，他们可能会产生外语焦虑(FLA))”提出外语焦虑现象，此处是段末句，需要接续说明其影响，因此F项“FLA has a bad effect on learning and performance. (FLA对学习和表现有不良影响)”符合语境，承接前文。故选F。 2．前文“Athletes and performing artists are able to work effectively under great pressure. (运动员和表演艺术家能够在高压环境下高效工作)”举例运动员、艺术家高压下表现优异，后文“They forget about everything other than the task at hand. (他们会忘却眼前任务以外的所有事情)”具体描述他们所处的状态，此处是过渡句，需说明他们进入了另一状态，因此D项“This is because they enter a special state. (这是因为他们进入了特殊状态)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的This指代前一句的内容。故选D。 3．前文“One way to deal with FLA is to accept making mistakes. (应对FLA的一种方法是学会接受犯错)”建议接受犯错，后文“Perfectionists cannot accept making mistakes. However, being afraid of making mistakes can affect how well you do and how much you enjoy it. (完美主义者往往难以接纳错误。然而，过度惧怕犯错不仅会影响你的表现水平，更会剥夺学习过程中的乐趣)”指出完美主义不利于接受犯错，影响外语学习，此处是过渡句，应指出FLA和完美主义之间的关联，因此G项“A study found that FLA is related to perfectionism. (研究发现FLA与完美主义相关)”符合语境，承前启后。故选G。 4．后文“Learning a new language makes people see the world differently. Our new language holds much of how we view the world and connect with others. (学习一门新语言能让人以不同视角认知世界。这门新语言承载着我们看待世界的方式，也维系着我们与他人的联结)”描述语言学习带来的世界观转变等积极影响，此处是段首句，和前一段都是应对FLA的方法，应总的建议从另一角度思考语言学习，因此B项“You can also think the other way. (你也可以反过来想)”符合语境，引出后文。故选B。 5．前文“Speaking a second language might make us worry that people are misunderstanding who we really are. (使用第二语言交流时，我们常会担忧他人误解真实的自我)”指出会有被误解的担心，后文“We may find freedom in accepting that we can’t control how others see us. It’s okay if few  people know you as well as you know yourself. (当我们学会接纳无法左右他人如何看待自己时，反而能获得一种心灵解脱。即便这世上真正懂你的人寥寥无几，也完全不必介怀)”主要建议不用在意被人误解，此处应是转折句，指出积极方面，因此C项“However, there’s a positive side too. (然而也有积极的一面)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选C。 （三） Do you want to be at the top of your class? Add these tips to your life and you should be on your way to being a top student! Pay attention to everything the teacher says. I can’t stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worthwhile to add. 1 . Taking notes is important. You don’t need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he or she writes on the blackboard, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. 2 . This way it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing. Don’t skip school. You will be missing out on stuff. 3 . However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures and in-class movies. Also, try not to be late for class. It’s most likely that your teacher won’t appreciate it and you will get yourself behind. Keep a good attitude towards things. 4 , then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for the lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make a mistake. 5 . There is no shame in needing some help. If you don’t understand, ask someone. Read your textbook and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent etc. Get a tutor if you need one. A．Enjoy your class B．Write in your own words C．Always ask questions D．It is true that you could make up the work E．When you do poorly in your study F．Pay attention during class, especially during lectures G．If you have an "I don’t care about study" attitude 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何成为班级尖子生，给出了具体且可操作的学习建议，旨在帮助读者通过践行这些技巧提升学习表现，逐步向优等生迈进。 1．上文“Pay attention to everything the teacher says. I can’t stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worthwhile to add.(要专心听老师讲的每一句话。我再怎么强调专心听老师讲课的重要性都不为过。如果有有价值的内容可以补充，就积极参与课堂讨论。)”围绕专注老师所讲内容和参与课堂讨论展开，强调课堂专注的重要性。选项 F“Pay attention during class, especially during lectures(课堂上一定要专心，尤其是老师讲课时。)”是对前文专注主题的进一步补充和细化，逻辑上衔接自然，符合课堂专注的话题延续性。故选F。 2．根据段首句“Taking notes is important. (记笔记也很关键。)”可知，本段主题是记笔记。上文“You don’t need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he or she writes on the blackboard, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. (你不需要把老师说的每一个字都记下来，但要记下老师写在黑板上的内容，以及任何你认为考试可能会用到的重要知识点。)”则提到无需记下老师说的每一个字，只需记录黑板内容和考点，后文“This way it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing. (这样一来，通过主动思考自己所写的内容，你能更高效地学习。)”则说明这样做能通过思考所写内容更高效学习。选项B“Write in your own words (用自己的话来记录)”是连接记录重点和高效学习的关键，即用自己的话转述笔记，需要主动思考内容逻辑，恰好能实现后文通过思考提升学习效果的目的，符合逻辑。故选B。 3．前文“You will be missing out on stuff. (逃学只会让你错过很多重要内容。)”指出逃学会错过内容，后文“However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures and in-class movies. (但你会面临更多的学习任务，而且还错过了老师的讲课内容和课堂播放的影片。)”用“However”转折，强调逃学后会有更多作业，且错过讲课和课堂影片。选项 D“It is true that you could make up the work(确实你可以补完作业)”中的“能补作业”与后文“更多作业”形成对比：先承认补作业的可能性，再通过转折突出补作业之外的损失，强化不要逃学的观点，符合转折逻辑的衔接需求。故选D。 4．下文“then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for the lazy attitude.(那么老师可能就不太愿意帮你解决问题，也不会给你额外的加分机会。懒惰的态度也是如此。)”提到老师会不太愿意帮助你，且补充说明懒惰态度。选项G“If you have an "I don’t care about study" attitude (如果你抱着“我不在乎学习”的态度)”是对不良态度的具体举例：不在乎学习属于负面态度，与后文“老师不愿帮忙”构成因果关系，同时与后文“lazy attitude”形成并列，共同说明不良态度的危害，符合逻辑。故选G。 5．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据本段内容“There is no shame in needing some help. If you don’t understand, ask someone. Read your textbook and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent etc. Get a tutor if you need one.(需要帮助并不是什么丢人的事。如果有不明白的地方，就开口问。先阅读课本和笔记，要是还是不懂，就去寻求帮助。可以问老师、朋友、同学、父母等等。如果有需要，也可以找一位辅导老师。)”可知，本段围绕寻求帮助展开。选项C“Always ask questions (总是提问)”是对后文“寻求帮助”的核心概括，符合逻辑。故选C。 （四） Simple Health Habits Worth Adopting into Your Life It’s hard to break bad habits. But when it comes to building healthy habits, small decisions add up over time. Take a 10-minute walk. Even a 10-minute walk is beneficial. Take a walk during your lunch hour or to a store that is a block away to buy a gallon of milk. If you’re at work, walk to the furthest bathroom and take the stairs. 16 Find creative alternatives for unhealthy foods. Try to avoid foods and snacks you buy regularly that are high in calories but low on their health benefits. 1 Try using low-fat milk, whole grains, healthy oils and natural sweeteners like fruit instead of high fat or sugary food. 2 It’s nothing new that there are health benefits to drinking more water. It helps keep your temperature normal and help get rid of waste in your body. If plain water isn’t your favorite, you can add some flavor to your water to help up your intake. Correct your posture. When you were a kid, did your parents ever yell at you for having bad posture? Well, they were right. 3 Not only that, but good posture prevents backaches. You can try to leave yourself a note to sit up straight until it becomes an unconscious habit. Walking with your shoulders back and head held high can also make you feel good about yourself. Remember that building new healthy habits can take some time. And it’s OK to treat yourself to avoid bad feelings. 4 And if you slip along the way, just start again. A．Stay focused on your goal. B．Drink soft drinks just at times. C．Having good posture can prevent neckaches. D．Eat them less often as an occasional treat. E．Drink one extra glass of water every day. F．But we often ignored their warning against bad posture. G．Remember, even the smallest amount of steps still add up. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些值得养成的小的健康习惯，比如爬楼梯、多喝水及保持良好的姿势等。 1．根据上文“Take a 10-minute walk. Even a 10-minute walk is beneficial. Take a walk during your lunch hour or to a store that is a block away to buy a gallon of milk. If you’re at work, walk to the furthest bathroom and take the stairs. (散步10分钟。即使是10分钟的散步也是有益的。午餐时间散散步，或者走到一个街区外的商店去买一加仑牛奶。如果你在工作，走到最远的洗手间，然后走楼梯。)”可知，上文主要介绍了散步这一健康习惯，并给出了具体的建议，G选项“Remember, even the smallest amount of steps still add up. (记住，即使是最少的步数也会累积起来。)”承接上文，强调了即使是少量的步行也能带来益处。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Find creative alternatives for unhealthy foods. Try to avoid foods and snacks you buy regularly that are high in calories but low on their health benefits. (寻找不健康食品的创意替代品。尽量避免经常购买的高热量但低营养价值的食品和零食。)”可知，上文建议避免高热量低营养的食物，D选项“Eat them less often as an occasional treat. (偶尔吃一次，但不要经常吃。)”进一步提出了具体的建议，即偶尔吃一次这些食物作为奖励，而不是经常吃，与上文内容相呼应。故选D项。 3．根据设空位置和下文“It’s nothing new that there are health benefits to drinking more water. It helps keep your temperature normal and help get rid of waste in your body. If plain water isn’t your favorite, you can add some flavor to your water to help up your intake. (多喝水对健康有益，这并不是什么新鲜事。它有助于保持你的体温正常，并帮助排出体内的废物。如果你不喜欢白开水，你可以在水里加一些调味料来增加你的饮水量。)”可知，下文主要介绍了多喝水的好处，E选项“Drink one extra glass of water every day. (每天多喝一杯水。)”，概括了段落主题，即建议每天多喝一杯水，可作为小标题。故选E项。 4．根据上文“Correct your posture. When you were a kid, did your parents ever yell at you for having bad posture? Well, they were right. (纠正你的姿势。当你还是个孩子的时候，你的父母是否曾经因为你姿势不好而对你大喊大叫？嗯，他们是对的。)”以及下文“Not only that, but good posture prevents backaches. (不仅如此，良好的姿势还能预防背痛。)”可知，上文提到父母曾因姿势不好而责备，下文则指出良好姿势的好处，C选项“Having good posture can prevent neckaches. (保持良好的姿势可以预防颈部疼痛。)”承上启下，指出良好姿势的另一个好处，即预防颈部疼痛。故选C项。 5．根据上文“Remember that building new healthy habits can take some time. And it’s OK to treat yourself to avoid bad feelings. (记住，养成新的健康习惯需要一些时间。偶尔犒劳一下自己以避免不良情绪也是可以的。)”以及下文“And if you slip along the way, just start again. (如果你中途失误了，就重新开始。)”可知，上文提到养成新习惯需要时间，并建议偶尔犒劳自己，下文则鼓励在失误时重新开始，A选项“Stay focused on your goal. (专注于你的目标。)”承接上文，强调在养成新习惯的过程中要专注于目标，与下文鼓励重新开始相呼应，共同构成了一个完整的建议链条。故选A项。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 七选五+高考必考题型 一、题型解读——明确考查核心 七选五的本质是“补全语篇、衔接逻辑”，命题人设置空白的目的是考查考生对以下核心能力的掌握： 1.语篇结构把握能力：能否识别文章总分、总分总、对比、因果等常见结构，明确段落间及句间的逻辑关系； 2.衔接关系分析能力：能否通过词汇、句式、语义等线索，判断空白处与上下文的衔接关系； 3.语义连贯性理解能力：能否确保所选选项与上下文语义一致、语气连贯，无逻辑断层。 4.高考七选五常见空白位置及考查重点：①段首空白：多考查段落主旨句或过渡句（承上启下）；②段中空白：多考查句间逻辑衔接（如因果、转折、并列等）；③段尾空白：多考查总结句、递进句或呼应句。 二、核心解题步骤——四步搞定七选五 结合高一学生学情，推荐“先整体后局部”的四步解题法，避免盲目选择： 第一步：略读全文，把握主旨与结构 快速浏览全文（不纠结生词），重点关注首段、尾段及各段首句，明确文章核心话题（主题词）和整体结构（如“提出问题-解决问题”“介绍方法-分点说明”）。同时标记出空白处的位置（段首/段中/段尾），初步预判空白处的功能。 第二步：通读选项，标注关键信息 逐句阅读7个选项，划出核心名词、动词、逻辑连接词（如but、so、however、in addition等）、代词（如it、they、this等）及数字、专有名词等关键信息，同时预判每个选项的语义方向（如观点、举例、总结、转折等），为后续匹配做准备。 第三步：逐空匹配，锁定衔接线索 回到原文，结合空白处上下文，通过“衔接线索”匹配最佳选项。这是解题核心步骤，具体线索见下文技巧拆解。匹配时需注意：一个空白可能对应多个线索，需综合判断；排除明显与上下文语义、逻辑矛盾的选项。 第四步：代入验证，检查连贯性 将选出的5个选项代入原文，通读全文，检查：①语义是否连贯，无明显逻辑断层；②语法是否正确，无指代不明、时态混乱等问题；③语篇结构是否完整，段落间过渡自然。 三、核心解题技巧——三大衔接线索拆解 七选五解题的关键是找到“衔接线索”，即连接空白处与上下文的“桥梁”。高考高频线索主要分为三类，也是高一学生需重点掌握的核心技巧： （一）技巧一：抓逻辑连接词——锁定句间关系 逻辑连接词是语篇逻辑的“显性标志”，直接提示空白处与上下文的关系（转折、因果、并列、递进等），可快速匹配选项。高考高频逻辑连接词及对应关系如下： 1.转折关系：but、however、yet、on the contrary、in fact、instead等 【解题要点】空白处前后语义需相反或形成对比，选项中含上述连接词时，需确认其语义与上下文是否构成转折。 【示例】原文：Most students think English grammar is difficult. ______ With the right methods, it can be easy to master. 选项：However, this is not necessarily true.（通过however衔接“难”与“不难”的转折关系） 2.因果关系：so、therefore、thus、as a result、because、since、for等 【解题要点】若上下文存在“原因-结果”逻辑，含因果连接词的选项优先匹配；需注意“原因在前、结果在后”或“结果在前、原因在后”的语序。 【示例】原文：We need to get enough sleep every night. ______ Lack of sleep will affect our memory and study efficiency. 选项：Because sleep helps our brain organize information and recover energy.（通过because解释前文“需要充足睡眠”的原因） 3.并列/递进关系：and、also、besides、in addition、what’s more、not only...but also...等 【解题要点】空白处前后语义需同类（并列）或更深入（递进），选项内容需与上下文话题一致。 【示例】原文：Reading English books can improve our vocabulary. ______ It can also help us understand English culture better. 选项：In addition, it can enhance our reading speed.（通过in addition递进，补充阅读的另一好处） 4.例证关系：for example、for instance、such as、that is等 【解题要点】若空白前是观点句，空白处可能是举例说明；选项含上述连接词时，需确认例子是否支撑前文观点。 【示例】原文：There are many ways to practice oral English. ______ You can talk with your classmates in English during breaks. 选项：For example, you can join an English corner.（通过for example举例说明“练习口语的方法”） （二）技巧二：抓词汇衔接——利用“重复与指代”锁定匹配 词汇衔接是语篇连贯的重要保障，也是七选五的高频隐性线索，主要包括“词汇重复”和“代词指代”两类： 1.词汇重复（原词/同义/近义/同根词） 【解题要点】空白处前后文出现的核心名词、动词等，往往会在正确选项中以原词、同义词、近义词或同根词的形式重复出现，通过“词汇呼应”锁定匹配选项。 【示例】原文：Learning to manage time is important for high school students. ______ Good time management can help us balance study and rest. 选项：Mastering time management skills can bring many benefits.（“manage time”与“time management”同根词重复，“important”与“benefits”语义呼应） 2.代词指代（it、they、this、that、these、those等） 【解题要点】选项或上下文出现代词时，需明确代词指代的内容（必须是前文出现过的名词或句子），通过“指代一致性”排除无关选项。 【示例】原文：Many students like using smart phones to study. ______ They can help us look up new words quickly. 选项：These devices are convenient and efficient.（代词“These devices”指代前文“smart phones”，确保指代一致） （三）技巧三：抓语义衔接——匹配主旨与语境 若没有明显的逻辑连接词和词汇线索，需通过“语义一致性”判断选项，核心是确保选项与上下文的主旨、语境相符： 1.段首空白：优先匹配主旨句 段首句多为段落中心句，选项需概括该段核心内容，且与全文主旨一致。 【示例】原文：______ First, we should make a study plan. Second, we need to review what we’ve learned every day. Third, we should ask teachers for help when we have questions. 选项：There are three effective ways to improve our study.（概括下文“三个学习方法”，作为段首主旨句） 2.段尾空白：优先匹配总结/呼应句段尾句多为总结前文内容，或呼应段首主旨、全文主题，选项需具备“总结性”或“呼应性”。 【示例】原文：By following these steps, we can easily finish our homework on time. We will also have more time to do what we like. ______ 选项：In short, good homework habits are important for high school students.（通过“In short”总结前文，呼应“养成良好作业习惯”的核心） 3.段中空白：优先匹配语境衔接句 段中句需填补上下文语义断层，确保语气连贯、话题不偏离。 【示例】原文：When preparing for an English exam, we should focus on key points. ______ We should also do more practice to check our progress. 选项：For example, we can review important grammar rules and core vocabulary.（承接前文“聚焦重点”，衔接后文“多练习”，语义连贯） （四）避坑指南——常见错误选项特征 高一学生解题时易被干扰项迷惑，需牢记以下3类错误选项特征，快速排除： 1.语义无关：选项内容与上下文话题不一致，无任何衔接线索； 2.逻辑矛盾：选项语义与上下文形成对立（无转折词衔接），或因果、递进关系颠倒； 3.细节冗余：选项内容过于细节，无法匹配段首主旨或段尾总结的功能； 4.指代不明：选项中的代词无法在前文找到明确的指代对象。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 （一）练习一 How to Make Friends in High School Entering high school means meeting new people and making new friends. But for many students, this can be a little difficult. ___1___ Here are some useful tips to help you. ___2___ Smile and say hello when you meet someone new. A friendly attitude can make others feel comfortable and willing to talk to you. Don’t be afraid to start a conversation. You can ask others about their hobbies, favorite subjects or weekend plans. Join clubs or activities. High school has many clubs and activities, such as sports clubs, music clubs and art clubs. ___3___ You can meet people who share the same interests as you. It’s easier to make friends with someone who likes the same things as you do. Be a good listener. When your new friends talk to you, listen carefully and show that you are interested. ___4___ Ask follow-up questions to keep the conversation going. This will make your friends feel valued. ___5___ If you make a mistake, apologize sincerely. Don’t be too proud to admit your mistakes. Being honest and reliable will help you keep your friends. Remember, making friends takes time and effort. Be patient and you will have many good friends in high school. A.Be friendly to others. B.Don’t worry, you are not alone. C.Join as many clubs as possible. D.Avoid talking about your own problems all the time. E.Being in a club helps you meet new people easily. F.Be honest and trustworthy. G.Try to remember their names and hobbies. （二）练习二 The Importance of Reading English Books Reading English books is one of the best ways to improve your English skills. ___1___ It can help you in many aspects. First, reading English books can expand your vocabulary. __2____ You will meet new words and phrases in the books, and you can guess their meanings from the context. This is a natural and effective way to learn new words. Second, reading English books can improve your reading comprehension. By reading regularly, you will get used to the structure of English sentences and the logic of English articles. ____3__ You will find it easier to understand English materials in exams. Third, reading English books can help you learn about different cultures. Many English books are about the history, customs and lifestyles of other countries. ___4___ This can broaden your horizons and make you more knowledgeable. ___5___ For example, you can choose storybooks if you like stories, or science books if you are interested in science. It’s important to choose books that are suitable for your level. If the books are too difficult, you may feel frustrated. If they are too easy, you won’t make progress. In conclusion, reading English books is beneficial for your English learning and personal development. Start reading today and you will see the difference. A.It can also help you improve your writing skills. B.You should choose the right books to read. C.Unlike memorizing words from a dictionary, reading makes learning words fun. D.Reading can help you relax after a long day of study. E.By reading these books, you can learn about the world outside your own country. F.This will help you read faster and more efficiently. G.Many students don’t like reading English books. （三）练习三 How to Keep a Healthy Lifestyle as a High School Student As a high school student, keeping a healthy lifestyle is important for your study and growth. ___1___ Here are some suggestions for you. First, eat a balanced diet. You should eat more vegetables and fruits, which are rich in vitamins and fiber. __2____ Avoid eating too much fast food and snacks, which are high in fat and sugar. They are bad for your health. Second, exercise regularly. Exercise can help you stay strong and energetic. __3____ You can play basketball, run, swim or take a walk after class. Try to exercise at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week. Third, get enough sleep. _4_____ Teenagers need at least 8-9 hours of sleep every night. If you don’t get enough sleep, you may feel tired in class and can’t concentrate on your study. Fourth, manage your stress. High school study can be stressful. ____5__ You can talk to your parents, teachers or friends about your problems. You can also listen to music or do some sports to relax yourself. Following these suggestions, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and enjoy your high school life. A.It can also help you reduce stress. B.Sleep is important for your body and brain to rest. C.Many students don’t have time to exercise. D.You should also eat some grains and protein, such as rice, meat and eggs. E.But many students don’t know how to keep healthy. F.Don’t stay up late playing games or watching TV. G.Eating too much is bad for your stomach. （四）练习四 How to Prepare for an English Exam Exams are important for checking your learning progress. Preparing well for an English exam can help you get good grades. __1____ Here are some useful tips. First, review your notes regularly. Your English notes are full of key points, such as grammar rules and important words. __2____ Reviewing them every day can help you remember the knowledge better. Second, do more practice. Practice makes perfect. __3____ You can do past exam papers, which can help you get familiar with the exam format and types of questions. You can also do exercise books to improve your weak points. Third, improve your listening skills. Listening is an important part of the English exam. ___4___ You can listen to English news, songs or dialogues every day. Try to understand the main idea and key details. Fourth, pay attention to your writing. For the writing part of the exam, you should practice writing different types of articles, such as letters, diaries and essays. __5____ You can ask your teacher or classmates to check your writing and give you suggestions. Finally, keep a good attitude. Don’t be too nervous before the exam. Believe in yourself and you will do well. A.But how to prepare for it effectively? B.You should take notes carefully in class. C.It’s important to practice listening every day. D.You should also pay attention to your handwriting. E.Doing more practice can help you improve your skills. F.You can make a review plan and stick to it. G.Listening to English is boring for many students. （一） How to Improve Your Memory Memory is an important part of our lives. A good memory can help us learn new things quickly and easily. Here are some tips on how to improve your memory. 1 When you want to remember something, it is very important to pay attention. For example, if you are listening to a lecture, don’t think about other things at the same time. Try to focus on what the speaker is saying. If you are reading a book, don’t watch TV or play with your phone at the same time. 2 Another way to improve your memory is to repeat the information. For example, if you are learning a new word, repeat it several times. You can also write it down several times. This will help you remember the word better. 3 Making associations is also a good way to improve your memory. For example, if you are trying to remember a person’s name, you can associate the name with something you know. If the person’s name is Rose, you can think of a rose flower. 4 Getting enough sleep is also very important for memory. When you sleep, your brain has a chance to rest and process the information you have learned during the day. If you don’t get enough sleep, your memory may be affected. 5 Finally, reducing stress can also help improve your memory. Stress can make it difficult for you to concentrate and remember things. You can do some relaxation exercises, such as yoga or meditation, to reduce stress. A．Pay attention. B．Repeat information. C．Use memory techniques. D．Get enough sleep. E．Reduce stress. F．Eat healthy food. G．Do more exercise. （二） If you have a big test coming up or just want to do well in class, studying is one of the best things you can do to improve your grade. Even though revising things you already learned might seem boring, you’ll feel a lot more comfortable with the material. 6 Study in 1-hour blocks. Keep your study time shorter so you don’t get tired. Set aside (留出) an hour for each of your subjects so you have time to revise them. 1 In this way, you don’t get information mixed up between classes. 2 Step away for a few minutes every hour so you don’t feel overworked. Since studying takes up a lot of energy and brainpower, schedule in 5-10 minutes every hour where you just relax. Avoid working through the breaks. Schedule time to study every day. Try to set aside a regular time to go over notes for class. 3 So, you’re able to focus a little better. If you can, try to plan the same time every day so you can get into a regular routine (惯例). Work somewhere quiet. 4 Avoid studying in a room with other loud people or distractions since it’ll be hard to focus and remember the material. Instead, go into your room and shut the door, or find a quiet spot at the school library where you can sit. A．Plan regular breaks. B．Revise your notes in your own words. C．Only focus on one subject at a time during each block. D．Find a time when you feel the most energetic to study. E．We’ll start by looking at some tips on forming the best study habits! F．Find a place where you won’t have trouble concentrating on the material. G．If you live with others, ask them to be quiet when you plan your study time. （三） There’s no doubt that when it comes to friendship，you want positive people in your life and not negatives ones． 1 ．Support when you need it. With positive friends，you don’t need to beg for help when you need it because chances are they will be there for you without asking． 2 ．Health benefits of being positive．The more positive friends you have，the better you will be at remaining optimistic yourself． 3 . For example，it helps people to deal with stress and illness better．Health benefits may include lower rates of depression，a greater ability to throw off colds，and a reduced risk of developing disease．Bring out the best in you． 4 . This means trying new things，achieving goals，and having the kind of life you dreamed of for yourself．With positive people in your life，you’11 feel more comfortable sharing your goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life．Attracting More Positive FriendsYou naturally attract the kinds of friends who are most like you．So if you’re a downer，you’11 probably find that negative people flock to you． 5 . The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude，the more likeminded people you’11 attract in return． A．Here are some benefits of spending time with positive friends． B．That’s why you’d better surround yourself with positive friends． C．In most cases，they will go out of their way to help you when you’re in trouble． D．The same is true for being positive． E．As we all know，there are many benefits of being optimistic． F．Your positive friends will inspire you to be the best you can be． G．Most of the time，you have to ask them to help you when in trouble． （四） Have you ever thought to yourself, “I’d love to learn a foreign language but it’s just too hard”? Here are good ways to learn a new language. Schedule time for language study Starting your day with a study period, and language learning should come first. Putting language learning first will result in more time spent on your foreign language goals, and in return, more progress. 1 . By ending your day with another study period, you create a “habit sandwich”, which helps to strengthen the language learning habit. Read the news in the language Reading the news in the language you are learning is a great way to stay connected to present events happening in the country. Regularly reading in the language gets you to know various words, many of which you might not meet in your regular language studies. 2 . For example, a quick Google search for “newspapers in China” brings up Asia Today, Beijing Daily and Chinese Daily. Find a conversation partner 3 . You’ll likely meet people who can set an example to you, but you’ll also meet those who aren’t as skilled in the language. Teaching them some new words and phrases can help improve what you’ve already learned. 4 Adults always comment on how children seem to get information like sponges(海绵). Children are more willing to try new things and make mistakes. Try to think like a kid when it comes to learning the language. 5 —even if you make mistakes. A．Think like a kid B．Set goals for yourself C．Study again right before bed D．Don’t be afraid to use the language you’re learning E．You can find an online newspaper from just about any country F．As you continue to read more, challenge yourself to try more difficult texts G．Joining a meet-up group can connect you with other people learning the language （一） Social activities for the elderly are necessary because they help in bringing about considerable improvement in their overall well-being. 1 It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them. Dance is also what people of any age can enjoy. As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. 2 Then, hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. 3 Some may have the skills to play the piano for example. Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. Besides, there are some creative activities for the elderly, for example, encouraging them to make a collage (拼贴画) using all their family photographs and mementos. All of us love to look at the old photographs. 4 They can decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. Outdoors, fishing, boating, playing golf, etc. are loved by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. 5 Such activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body, making it easier for them to enjoy the leisure time. A．Elderly people are no exception to that. B．They can record their dance in a video recorder. C．Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. D．Its basic aim is to improve elderly people’s flexibility. E．Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot. F．Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. G．The elderly can join a hobby class where they will learn music. （二） An increasing number of people choose to learn a foreign language, but in the process of learning, they may develop foreign language anxiety (FLA). 6 Anxiety can make us perform poorly because it divides our attention. Athletes and performing artists are able to work effectively under great pressure. 1 They forget about everything other than the task at hand. If you can focus only on the task at hand, you might enjoy the experience and turn stress into productive energy. One way to deal with FLA is to accept making mistakes. 2 Perfectionists cannot accept making mistakes. However, being afraid of making mistakes can affect how well you do and how much you enjoy it. Taking risks when speaking your second language helps build confidence. To beat anxiety, be brave. When you meet a foreigner, it’s sometimes a good idea to have the goal of “We’re going to understand each other.” rather than “I’m going to speak correctly.” 3 Learning a new language makes people see the world differently. Our new language holds much of how we view the world and connect with others. Speaking a second language might make us worry that people are misunderstanding who we really are. 4 We may find freedom in accepting that we can’t control how others see us. It’s okay if few people know you as well as you know yourself. Since you can’t be the same person in your second language as you are in your native one, you get the chance to create a new identity. A．You have a limited vocabulary. B．You can also think the other way. C．However, there’s a positive side too. D．This is because they enter a special state. E．We should not always be afraid of making mistakes. F．FLA has a bad effect on learning and performance. G．A study found that FLA is related to perfectionism. （三） Do you want to be at the top of your class? Add these tips to your life and you should be on your way to being a top student! Pay attention to everything the teacher says. I can’t stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worthwhile to add. 1 . Taking notes is important. You don’t need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he or she writes on the blackboard, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. 2 . This way it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing. Don’t skip school. You will be missing out on stuff. 3 . However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures and in-class movies. Also, try not to be late for class. It’s most likely that your teacher won’t appreciate it and you will get yourself behind. Keep a good attitude towards things. 4 , then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for the lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make a mistake. 5 . There is no shame in needing some help. If you don’t understand, ask someone. Read your textbook and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent etc. Get a tutor if you need one. A．Enjoy your class B．Write in your own words C．Always ask questions D．It is true that you could make up the work E．When you do poorly in your study F．Pay attention during class, especially during lectures G．If you have an "I don’t care about study" attitude （四） Simple Health Habits Worth Adopting into Your Life It’s hard to break bad habits. But when it comes to building healthy habits, small decisions add up over time. Take a 10-minute walk. Even a 10-minute walk is beneficial. Take a walk during your lunch hour or to a store that is a block away to buy a gallon of milk. If you’re at work, walk to the furthest bathroom and take the stairs. 16 Find creative alternatives for unhealthy foods. Try to avoid foods and snacks you buy regularly that are high in calories but low on their health benefits. 1 Try using low-fat milk, whole grains, healthy oils and natural sweeteners like fruit instead of high fat or sugary food. 2 It’s nothing new that there are health benefits to drinking more water. It helps keep your temperature normal and help get rid of waste in your body. If plain water isn’t your favorite, you can add some flavor to your water to help up your intake. Correct your posture. When you were a kid, did your parents ever yell at you for having bad posture? Well, they were right. 3 Not only that, but good posture prevents backaches. You can try to leave yourself a note to sit up straight until it becomes an unconscious habit. Walking with your shoulders back and head held high can also make you feel good about yourself. Remember that building new healthy habits can take some time. And it’s OK to treat yourself to avoid bad feelings. 4 And if you slip along the way, just start again. A．Stay focused on your goal. B．Drink soft drinks just at times. C．Having good posture can prevent neckaches. D．Eat them less often as an occasional treat. E．Drink one extra glass of water every day. F．But we often ignored their warning against bad posture. G．Remember, even the smallest amount of steps still add up. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $