专题04 选择必修第二册Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理（期末复习知识清单）高二英语上学期译林版

该高中英语单元知识清单全面梳理了“Sports culture”单元内容，涵盖词汇（词形转换、词义）、高频短语、核心句型、单元写作及题型练习五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“基础词汇积累”到“句型灵活运用”再到“写作实战输出”的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“词形转换链”“句型功能分类”和“高考题型对接”的方式构建知识体系，如将“compete”拓展为competition、competitive、competitor的词形链，标注“强调句型”“过去分词作状语”等高频考点句型，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计“写作通用表达库”和“易混词对比表”，如“consist of与be made up of用法区别”表，不同水平学生可高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂讲解和练习设计，提升教学针对性。

专题04 选择必修第二册Unit 2 Sports culture单元词汇短语句型梳理 1. participate vi. 参与，参加→participation n. 参加，参与→participant n. 参与者 2. compete vi. 参加比赛；竞争→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n. 竞争者 3. diverse adj. 多种多样的，不同的→diversity n. 多样性；多种多样 4. motivate vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n. 动力；诱因；干劲 5. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威→demonstration n. 表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 6. applaud vt. & vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n. 鼓掌 7. election n. 选举，推选；当选→elect vt. 选举；推选 8. faith n. 信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv. 忠实地 9. ambition n. 追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志→ambitious adj. 有志气的，有野心的 10. limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量→limited adj. 有限的→limitless adj. 无限的→limitation n. 范围；限制 11. opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者→opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的→opposed adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的 12. unselfish adj. 无私的，忘我的→selfish adj. 自私的→selfishness n. 自私自利→selfless adj. 无私的→selflessness n. 无私，忘我 13. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉→complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 14. cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelty n. 残忍；残酷→cruelly adv. 残酷地；残忍地 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1．joint adj.联合的，共同的 n．关节；接合处 2．boundary n．边界，分界线 3．afterwards(also afterward) adv.以后，后来 4．proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 5．flame n．火焰，火舌 6．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 7．rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n．地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 8．trend n．趋势，趋向 9．identical adj.完全同样的 10．fellow adj.同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n．同辈，同类；男人，家伙 11．relay n．接力赛 vt.转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 12．chest n．胸部；大箱子 13．cheek n．面颊，脸颊 14．amateur n．业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj.业余的 15．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 16．session n．一段时间，一场；会议，开庭；学年 17．chairman n．(委员会的)委员长，主席；(会议的)主席，主持人 18．pour vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 19．celebrity n．名人；名望 20．grace n．高雅，文雅；优美；风度，体面 21．dignity n．尊严；自尊；高贵 22．idiom n．习语，成语 23．league n．联赛；等级，级别 24．insurance n．保险业；保险；保险费 25．salesman n．售货员，推销员 26．handle vt.处理，应付；控制，操纵 n．把手，拉手；柄 27．fist n．拳，拳头 28．waist n．腰，腰部；(衣服的)腰部 29．remark n．谈论，言论 vi.& vt.说起，评论 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) 1. throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 2. call on sb. to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 3. walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 4. keep sth. in perspective 正确客观地看待 5. find one’s way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 6. move the goalposts 改变条件(或规则) 7. score an own goal 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 8. in the ballpark 差不多 9. a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 10. throw sb. a curveball 给某人出难题 11. three strikes and you are out 三振出局 12. below the belt 不公正的，伤人的 ( 清单 0401 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) 词 词 类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 1. 强调句型 It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. 是一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。 2. that引导表语从句 His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace. 他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。 3. whether… or…引导让步状语从句 Whether you come first or last, it is important to remember that at any sporting event，you face two opponents: your fellow competitors and yourself. 无论你是第一名还是最后一名，重要的是要记住，在任何体育赛事中，你都面临着两个对手：与你同场竞技的人和你自己。 4. wish后接虚拟语气 Thankfully, goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might wish they did. 谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但当球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她说不定会希望球门真能移动。 5. 先行词为situation，where引导定语从句 This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances. 这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。 6. 过去分词短语作状语 Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster, Higher, Stronger”, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. 在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。 7. such引导倒装句 One such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay. 拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一位奥运选手。 8. as if引导状语从句 As if that were not enough, she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. 似乎那还不够,2016年,在生下第一个孩子仅两年后,她重返奥运会,并获得一枚银牌。 ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) 一、单元写作任务： 本单元的话题是“运动文化”，与此相关的写作一般是写一封关于体育精神的议论文。 二、通用表达 话题词汇 (1)体育活动 ①final　　　　　　　　　　 n. 决赛 ②cheer vt. &vi. 欢呼,喝彩 ③organize vt. 组织 ④take part in/participate in 参加 ⑤try out for 参加选拔 ⑥sports activity 体育活动 ⑦cheering squad 啦啦队 (2)意义和精神 ⑧spirit n. 精神,灵魂 ⑨teamwork n. 团队合作 ⑩strengthen vt. 增强,加强 ⑪pride n. 骄傲,自豪 ⑫proud adj. 骄傲的,自豪的 ⑬character training 品格培养 ⑭take pride in/be proud of 以……为自豪 话题句式 (1)段首句 ①I hold the view that sportsmanship is more important than achievement. 我认为,体育精神比成绩更重要。 ②From my point of view, sportsmanship matters more compared with achievement. 在我看来,与成绩相比,体育精神更重要。 (2)主体段落句 ①I have joined the basketball team,where I not only learn the importance of teamwork but also strengthen my body,which is of great benefit to my mental health as well as physical health. 我加入篮球队,从中我不但懂得了团队合作的重要性,还增强了我的体质,这对我的身心健康大有益处。 ②Sports and games are also very useful for character training. 体育运动还有利于品格的培养。 ③The reason why I think basketball is an art as well as a sport is that it needs both strength and skill. 我认为篮球不仅是一项运动而且是一门艺术的原因是它既需要力量又需要技巧。 ④Only through teamwork can a football team win the game. 一个足球队只有通过团队合作才能赢得比赛的胜利。 (3)段尾句 ①Based on the above reasons, I think sportsmanship should be emphasized. 基于以上原因,我认为应该强调体育精神。 ②All in all, we should keep in mind that the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair competition is the most important. 总之,我们应该牢记,友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神是最重要的。 三、范文背诵 假定你是李华，你们班在上周学校举办的运动会中获得团体第一名，本周一你代表你们班在升旗仪式上发表一个演讲，主题围绕体育运动精神，演讲的主要内容包括：1. 体育运动精神(不少于两点)；2. 你的倡议。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 生词：体育运动精神sportsmanship；3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening! 【参考范文】 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. I feel honored to share the spirit of sportsmanship that led our class to victory in last week’s sports meet. Firstly, sportsmanship means respect—respect for opponents, teammates, and rules. Even in fierce competition, we cheered for rivals and accepted outcomes gracefully. Secondly, it embodies perseverance. Despite injuries or setbacks, every member pushed their limits, embodying the motto “Never give up.” Lastly, teamwork was vital. Each person’s effort, from runners to supporters, created unstoppable synergy. Let’s carry this spirit beyond the field. Face challenges with courage, support others with kindness, and uphold fairness in daily life. Together, we can turn sportsmanship into a lifelong attitude!  Thanks for your listening! ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1． She is amazed that people still risk travelling without insurance (保险). 2．Country boundaries are shown on this map as dotted lines. 3．The twins look so identical that it’s hard to tell them apart. 4．An encouraging teacher is able to motivate students to take charge of their own learning. 5．As a child he was very much an outsider, never participating in the games other children played. 6．The hike in Banff National Park was so tiring that I literally (真正地) couldn’t move my legs after reaching the campsite. 7．Customers often complain (抱怨) about the slow service, but the company hasn’t improved it yet. 8．As young people, we should have the courage to handle (应对) challenges instead of avoiding them. 9．If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally (无意地) harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. 10．We shouldn't be cruel (残忍的) to animals. 11．My friend and I took opposing (相反的) views on smart phones, so we had a heated debate yesterday. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2025北京高考) People with more consistent (consist) stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity. 2. (2025北京高考) Besides, your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science. 3. (2025北京高考)Not standing a chance against competitive （compete）applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. 4. (2025北京高考) It can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation (motivate). 5. (2025北京高考)The headmaster asked my father to come to school, whose shaky faith in me brought a mix of relief and shame. 6. (2025年新课标Ⅰ卷) They had a very limited (limit) vocabulary. 7. (2025北京高考) Instead of simply complaining(complain), he decided to do something about it. 8. (2025北京高考)How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. 9. (2025年新课标Ⅰ卷) I realized it was me who/ that was at fault. 10. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷) I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter. ( 题 型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1．正是人类活动导致全球变暖。 Human activities have caused global warming. (用强调句型强调主语) It is human activities that have caused global warming. 2．最重要的是，友谊带来的和平来自与朋友分享我们的喜悦、悲伤、成功和失败。（that引导表语从句） The most important is that friendship brings about the peace coming from sharing our joy, sadness, success and failure with friends. 3．最后但并非最不重要的是，感谢他们的礼物、努力和牺牲，无论它们是大还是小。(whether...or...引导让步状语从句) Last but not least, appreciate their gifts, efforts, and sacrifices, whether they are big or small. 4．我要是当时没有答应参加吉姆的聚会就好了，因为今晚我必须做一些额外的工作。（wish后的虚拟语气） I wish that I hadn’t agreed to go to Jim’s party, for I have to do some extra work tonight. 5．接近那辆车，眼前的情况让他非常震惊，一名年轻男子被卡在车内，明显非常疼痛。（v. -ing作状语；where引导定语从句） Approaching the vehicle, he was shocked at the situation where a young man was stuck/ trapped in the car, in visible pain. 6．他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。” Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”(过去分词短语作状语) 7．这就是我第一次体验生活的经历。(such引导的完全倒装句) Such was my first experience of life. 8．童年的每件事都像刚刚发生过似的涌上心头。(as if引导方式状语从句) Everything in my childhood crowded in my mind as if they had just happened. 1.各种不同“组成”的用法区别 易混词 用法 consist of 一般不用于进行时态和被动语态。作定语时,一般用现在分词形式。 Be made up of 一般用被动语态。 2.各种不同“call 的短语”的用法区别 易混词 用法及例句 call on/upon 拜访(某人);号召 call for 要求;需要;去接(某人) call up 给……打电话;使……回忆起 学科网（北京）股份有限公7 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 选择必修第二册Unit 2 Sports culture单元词汇短语句型梳理 1. ________ vi. 参与，参加→________ n. 参加，参与→________ n. 参与者 2. ________ vi. 参加比赛；竞争→________ n. 竞争；比赛→________ adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的→________ n. 竞争者 3. ________ adj. 多种多样的，不同的→________ n. 多样性；多种多样 4. ________ vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→________ n. 动力；诱因；干劲 5. ________ vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威→________ n. 表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 6. ________ vt. & vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌→________ n. 鼓掌 7. ________ n. 选举，推选；当选→________ vt. 选举；推选 8. ________ n. 信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→________ adj. 忠实的；守信的→________ adv. 忠实地 9. ________ n. 追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志→________ adj. 有志气的，有野心的 10. ________ n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量→________ adj. 有限的→________ adj. 无限的→________ n. 范围；限制 11. ________ n. 对手，竞争者；反对者→________ adj. 对抗的；相反的→________ adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的 12. ________ adj. 无私的，忘我的→________ adj. 自私的→________ n. 自私自利→________ adj. 无私的→________ n. 无私，忘我 13. ________ vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉→________ n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 14. ________ adj. 刻毒伤人的，残酷的→________ n. 残忍；残酷→________ adv. 残酷地；残忍地 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1．joint adj. n． 2．boundary n． 3．afterwards(also afterward) adv. 4．proceed vi. 5．flame n． 6．consistent adj. 7．rank vi.& vt n． 8．trend n． 9．identical adj. 10．fellow adj. n． 11．relay n． vt. 12．chest n． 13．cheek n． 14．amateur n． adj. 15．gradually adv. 16．session n． 17．chairman n． 18．pour vt.& vi. 19．celebrity n． 20．grace n． 21．dignity n． 22．idiom n． 23．league n． 24．insurance n． 25．salesman n． 26．handle vt. n． 27．fist n． 28．waist n． 29．remark n． vi.& vt. ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) 1. ________________ 认输，承认失败 2. ________________ 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 3. ________________ 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 4. ________________ 正确客观地看待 5. ________________ 偶然来到，无意中处于 6. ________________ 改变条件(或规则) 7. ________________ 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 8. ________________ 差不多 9. ________________ 大致相近的估计 10. ________________ 给某人出难题 11. ________________ 三振出局 12. ________________ 不公正的，伤人的 ( 清单 0401 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) 词 词 类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 1. 强调句型 ________________ a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin, ________ brought the Olympics back to life. 是一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。 2. that引导表语从句 His dream was ________________________________________________________________. 他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。 3. whether… or…引导让步状语从句 ________________________________, it is important to remember that at any sporting event，you face two opponents: your fellow competitors and yourself. 无论你是第一名还是最后一名，重要的是要记住，在任何体育赛事中，你都面临着两个对手：与你同场竞技的人和你自己。 4. wish后接虚拟语气 Thankfully, goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might ________________. 谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但当球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她说不定会希望球门真能移动。 5. 先行词为situation，where引导定语从句 This idiom is often used to talk about ________________________________________________. 这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。 6. 过去分词短语作状语 ________________________________________________, many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. 在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。 7. such引导倒装句 ________________________________ the boxer Cassius Clay. 拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一位奥运选手。 8. as if引导状语从句 ________________________________, she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016, just two years after giving birth to her first child. 似乎那还不够,2016年,在生下第一个孩子仅两年后,她重返奥运会,并获得一枚银牌。 ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) 一、单元写作任务： 本单元的话题是“运动文化”，与此相关的写作一般是写一封关于体育精神的议论文。 二、通用表达 话题词汇 (1)体育活动 ①final　　　　　　　　　　 n. 决赛 ②cheer vt. &vi. 欢呼,喝彩 ③organize vt. 组织 ④take part in/participate in 参加 ⑤try out for 参加选拔 ⑥sports activity 体育活动 ⑦cheering squad 啦啦队 (2)意义和精神 ⑧spirit n. 精神,灵魂 ⑨teamwork n. 团队合作 ⑩strengthen vt. 增强,加强 ⑪pride n. 骄傲,自豪 ⑫proud adj. 骄傲的,自豪的 ⑬character training 品格培养 ⑭take pride in/be proud of 以……为自豪 话题句式 (1)段首句 ①I hold the view that sportsmanship is more important than achievement. 我认为,体育精神比成绩更重要。 ②From my point of view, sportsmanship matters more compared with achievement. 在我看来,与成绩相比,体育精神更重要。 (2)主体段落句 ①I have joined the basketball team,where I not only learn the importance of teamwork but also strengthen my body,which is of great benefit to my mental health as well as physical health. 我加入篮球队,从中我不但懂得了团队合作的重要性,还增强了我的体质,这对我的身心健康大有益处。 ②Sports and games are also very useful for character training. 体育运动还有利于品格的培养。 ③The reason why I think basketball is an art as well as a sport is that it needs both strength and skill. 我认为篮球不仅是一项运动而且是一门艺术的原因是它既需要力量又需要技巧。 ④Only through teamwork can a football team win the game. 一个足球队只有通过团队合作才能赢得比赛的胜利。 (3)段尾句 ①Based on the above reasons, I think sportsmanship should be emphasized. 基于以上原因,我认为应该强调体育精神。 ②All in all, we should keep in mind that the spirit of friendship, solidarity and fair competition is the most important. 总之,我们应该牢记,友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神是最重要的。 三、范文背诵 假定你是李华，你们班在上周学校举办的运动会中获得团体第一名，本周一你代表你们班在升旗仪式上发表一个演讲，主题围绕体育运动精神，演讲的主要内容包括：1. 体育运动精神(不少于两点)；2. 你的倡议。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 生词：体育运动精神sportsmanship；3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for your listening! 【参考范文】 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. I feel honored to share the spirit of sportsmanship that led our class to victory in last week’s sports meet. Firstly, sportsmanship means respect—respect for opponents, teammates, and rules. Even in fierce competition, we cheered for rivals and accepted outcomes gracefully. Secondly, it embodies perseverance. Despite injuries or setbacks, every member pushed their limits, embodying the motto “Never give up.” Lastly, teamwork was vital. Each person’s effort, from runners to supporters, created unstoppable synergy. Let’s carry this spirit beyond the field. Face challenges with courage, support others with kindness, and uphold fairness in daily life. Together, we can turn sportsmanship into a lifelong attitude!  Thanks for your listening! ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1．She is amazed that people still risk travelling without (保险). 2．Country b are shown on this map as dotted lines. 3．The twins look so i that it’s hard to tell them apart. 4．An encouraging teacher is able to m students to take charge of their own learning. 5．As a child he was very much an outsider, never p in the games other children played. 6．The hike in Banff National Park was so tiring that I (真正地) couldn’t move my legs after reaching the campsite. 7．Customers often (抱怨) about the slow service, but the company hasn’t improved it yet. 8．As young people, we should have the courage to (应对) challenges instead of avoiding them. 9．If someone makes a bad mistake which (无意地) harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. 10．We shouldn't be (残忍的) to animals. 11．My friend and I took (相反的) views on smart phones, so we had a heated debate yesterday. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2025北京高考) People with more (consist) stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity. 2. (2025北京高考) Besides, your parents will also be able to participate workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science. 3. (2025北京高考)Not standing a chance against （compete）applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. 4. (2025北京高考) It can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of (motivate). 5. (2025北京高考)The headmaster asked my father to come to school, whose shaky faith me brought a mix of relief and shame. 6. (2025年新课标Ⅰ卷) They had a very (limit) vocabulary. 7. (2025北京高考) Instead of simply (complain), he decided to do something about it. 8. (2025北京高考)How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. 9. (2025年新课标Ⅰ卷) I realized it was me was at fault. 10. (2025年新课标Ⅱ卷) I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him simply drop the matter. ( 题 型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1．正是人类活动导致全球变暖。 Human activities have caused global warming. (用强调句型强调主语) have caused global warming. 2．最重要的是，友谊带来的和平来自与朋友分享我们的喜悦、悲伤、成功和失败。（that引导表语从句） The most important coming from sharing our joy, sadness, success and failure with friends. 3．最后但并非最不重要的是，感谢他们的礼物、努力和牺牲，无论它们是大还是小。(whether...or...引导让步状语从句) Last but not least, appreciate their gifts, efforts, and sacrifices, . 4．我要是当时没有答应参加吉姆的聚会就好了，因为今晚我必须做一些额外的工作。（wish后的虚拟语气） Jim’s party, for I have to do some extra work tonight. 5．接近那辆车，眼前的情况让他非常震惊，一名年轻男子被卡在车内，明显非常疼痛。（v. -ing作状语；where引导定语从句） Approaching the vehicle, he was shocked at the situation in the car, in visible pain. 6．他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。” , he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”(过去分词短语作状语) 7．这就是我第一次体验生活的经历。(such引导的完全倒装句) of life. 8．童年的每件事都像刚刚发生过似的涌上心头。(as if引导方式状语从句) Everything in my childhood crowded in my mind . 1.各种不同“组成”的用法区别 易混词 用法 consist of 一般不用于进行时态和被动语态。作定语时,一般用现在分词形式。 Be made up of 一般用被动语态。 2.各种不同“call 的短语”的用法区别 易混词 用法及例句 call on/upon 拜访(某人);号召 call for 要求;需要;去接(某人) call up 给……打电话;使……回忆起 学科网（北京）股份有限公7 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $