Unit 2 Section 2 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

[对应知能达标训练P11] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Along the Ring of Fire Off the coast of Alaska，heated liquid rock rises through cracks (裂缝)in the floor of the Pacific Ocean.This superheated material known as lava (熔岩) flows like toothpaste.Stretching and erupting，the earth slowly builds a new island. Along the Pacific coast of South America，one part of the planet's surface gradually moves toward another.Although difficult to believe，the rocky outer surface of Earth is not hard；rather，it is broken up into huge pieces called plates.Up to 250 miles thick，the plates，which float on top of a softer layer (层) of hot rock，move at a pace of 0.39 to 3.94 inches per year.As the plates slide past one another，the action can sometimes result in volcanic activity. These events take place thousands of miles apart，yet they are connected.Surrounding the Pacific Ocean is a circle of volcanoes that includes more than half of the world's active volcanoes.This region is called the Ring of Fire. The Ring of Fire stretches from the west coast of South America northward to Alaska.It curves (成曲线形) left at the Aleutian Islands and crosses the Pacific Ocean.Then it heads down the east coast of Asia toward New Zealand. Major volcanic eruptions along the Ring of Fire make history.In 1883 Krakatoa erupted in four explosions.The third explosion was so loud that it could be clearly heard 3，000 miles away.Krakatoa threw a large dust cloud nearly 50 miles into the air.For a year，that cloud shrouded Earth and changed the weather worldwide. Closer to home，Mount St.Helens，a volcano in the Cascade Range in Washington，erupted in 1980.No lava flew from Mount St.Helens.But the ash was thick enough to affect travel.The side of the mountain fell away，causing a landslide. In 1991，Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted after 600 quiet years.During four days in June，Pinatubo released more than 20 million tons of dust into the air，destroying many homes. Some volcanoes erupt more quietly，with lava flowing through the cracks in Earth's surface.This type of volcano is found in Hawaii.Lava from a volcano，such as Kilauea，advances slowly but still causes great damage. [解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了环太平洋火山带的形成、地理位置以及历史上几次主要的火山爆发事件。 1．What do we know about the plates? A．Their surface is soft. B．They are moving like toothpaste. C．They are formed by volcano lava. D．They float slowly on hot lava. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Up to 250 miles thick，the plates，which float on top of a softer layer of hot rock，move at a pace of 0.39 to 3.94 inches per year”可知答案。 2．What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about? A．Where the Ring of Fire is located. B．How the Ring of Fire is formed. C．What makes up the Ring of Fire. D．Why the Ring of Fire crosses the Pacific Ocean. 解析　A　主旨大意题。第四段主要介绍了环太平洋火山带的起始位置以及经过的区域，故选A。 3．What does the underlined word “shrouded” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Polluted. B．Reached. C．Covered.　 D．Swept. 解析　C　词义猜测题。由“dust cloud nearly 50 miles into the air”以及“changed the weather worldwide”可知，火山爆发产生的尘云笼罩了天空，改变了天气状况，故可推知shroud意为“覆盖”，故选C。 4．What do the eruptions of Mount St.Helens and Mount Pinatubo have in common? A．They both caused much damage. B．They both erupted in the same year. C．They both had no flowing lava. D．They both erupted quietly. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“But the ash was thick enough to affect travel.The side of the mountain fell away，causing a landslide”以及倒数第二段中的“Pinatubo released more than 20 million tons of dust into the air，destroying many homes”可知这两座火山的喷发都造成了巨大损失，故选A。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Do you feel the cold？1. the answer is “yes”，then why not try a cold bath or shower？This unusual advice comes from a natural health therapist (治疗专家) in Germany，2. research is about the effects of cold water. Most people are brought up to believe that it's important for them 3. (keep) warm during the cold weather，with extra clothing and heaters，but research shows that the opposite is true.At a German health centre，hundreds of 4. (visit) follow this advice by taking 5. (they) first cold bath at 6 a．m.，and come out feeling much more 6. (relax).This is due to the fact that the cold water 7. (increase) blood sugar levels，the heart beat and breathing rate.Research at the medical centre of Hanover has shown that those 8. (take) daily cold baths have 50% fewer colds and breathing problems than those who don't.Studies in London have also proven that such treatment will 9. (actual) help protect against heart attacks.So，next time you're suffering 10. the cold，don't sit and complain，take action! [解题导语]　你觉得冷吗？如果答案是肯定的，那为什么不试着洗个冷水澡呢？这个不同寻常的建议来自德国的一位自然健康治疗师。伦敦的研究也证明这种疗法实际上有助于预防心脏病发作。下次你觉得很冷的时候，不要只是坐着抱怨，立即行动吧！ 1．解析　If　此处表示“如果答案是‘是’，那为什么不试试……”，故用if引导条件状语从句。 2．解析　whose　所填词引导非限制性定语从句，作research的定语，故用whose。 3．解析　to keep　此处是“It is＋形容词＋for sb ＋to do sth”结构，表示“对某人来说，做某事……”，故填不定式to keep。 4．解析　visitors　作句子主语，应填名词visitor，前面有hundreds of修饰，应用其复数形式。 5．解析　their　作定语，修饰名词bath，应用形容词性物主代词。 6．解析　relaxed　此处feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，表示“(人)放松的”，应用形容词relaxed。 7．解析　increases　cold water作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 8．解析　taking　those指代前面提到的visitors，与take是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。 9．解析　actually　修饰动词，作状语，应用副词。 10．解析　from　suffer from...“遭受……之苦”，是固定搭配。 Ⅲ.写作 第一节 假定你是学生会主席李华。有人发起了一种在慢跑中捡垃圾的运动，即plogging，目前这一运动在世界各地广受欢迎。请你以学生会的名义写一封倡议信，呼吁全体同学积极参与这项运动。内容包括： 1．介绍plogging； 2．开展plogging的好处。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Friends， Plogging is a new fitness trend which combines jogging with picking up litter.Since it was created in Sweden，it has swept across the world. Let's take action from now on and do our bits! Students' Union 【参考范文】 Dear Friends， Plogging is a new fitness trend which combines jogging with picking up litter.Since it was created in Sweden，it has swept across the world. Plogging has many advantages.To begin with，with some bending and arm strength required to hold all the garbage while plogging，you will work out more efficiently than just jogging.Secondly，plogging is suitable for all ages.You just need to carry a garbage bag as well as a pair of gloves.Furthermore，there is no doubt that plogging will lead to a cleaner environment and a better world to live in.In short，not only does plogging benefit health but it will also bring about great changes to our environment. Let's take action from now on and do our bits! Students' Union 第二节 (2025·全国一卷)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer.She had prepared lots of snacks，while my job was to have the backyard in order. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play.There was just one thing I hadn't counted on：My brother chose to bring his dog Toby，a 50-pound ball of fire.Though friendly，he could easily knock over my niece's small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter.So，when my brother showed up，I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside. My plan was working out just fine.Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room.Unexpectedly，after supper，the weather changed.It started to rain and everyone went indoors. It was an awkward moment.I didn't want Toby to be running around in the house，and my brother wasn't happy with driving home with a wet dog.Eventually，my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. A few days passed，and I hadn't heard anything from my brother.I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again.His reply came as a surprise—a shock，actually：“Not a chance.”Clearly，he was unhappy over the way we had parted.After all，I had left him little choice.Well，he'll get over it，I reasoned. Two months passed.My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother，but I resisted，thinking he should call first.However，my conscience (良心) kept bothering me.I tried to put myself in my brother's shoes.He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier.Toby was his constant companion，the one who kept him going. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I realized it was me who was at fault. With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door. 【参考范文】 I realized it was me who was at fault.As I reflected on what had happened that evening，shame washed over(情绪突然而深刻地袭来) me.My brother，already burdened with (被……困扰) grief and loneliness，had only sought companionship in Toby，while I had treated them both as inconveniences.Instead of finding a compromise by setting up a space indoors for the dog，I had prioritized (优先处理)my own comfort over his feelings.The thought of him spending these months being isolated filled me with deep regret.Seeing this，my wife decided to do something，so she baked some biscuits for me to bring to my brother. With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door.Hesitating，I raised my hand to knock，my heart pounding with uncertainty.When the door opened，my brother's eyes widened in surprise.Before he could speak，I handed him the biscuits，saying sorry to him sincerely.The stiffness in his expression softened slightly.It was at this moment that Toby bounced over，wagging his tail merrily (高兴地).A faint smile touched my brother's lips，which spread into a brilliant smile.The next few hours witnessed us taking a walk outside and talking open-heartedly(善良诚恳地). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $