Unit 2 Section 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

[对应知能达标训练P8] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It is not uncommon for human-generated fires－lit to clear the land out for farming－in the Amazon rainforest to get out of control.However，this year，the number of wildfires has been extraordinarily high.Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE) has recorded over 73，000 fires in the world's largest tropical rainforest between January and August 2019，2，500 of which are currently active.This is the highest number observed since the agency began keeping records in 2013. Brazil，which is home to 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest，has been the hardest hit.The thick smoke from the fires currently covers half of the country and can be seen clearly from space.The fires have recently also spilled over into the neighboring country of Bolivia，where they have thus far torched over 113，000 acres，including forests and grasslands in Chiquitania，a popular nature reserve. The area's dry season，which spans from August to November，is undoubtedly a factor in the unusually high number of fires.“However，there is nothing abnormal about the climate this year or the rainfall in the Amazon region，which is just a little below average，” INPE researcher Alberto Setzer told Reuters.“Starting a fire is the work of humans.” While all wildfires are harmful to the environment，the ones in the Amazon can be particularly so.Often referred to as the “lungs of the planet”，the tropical rainforest generates more than 20% of the world's oxygen.It also sucks up about a quarter of the 2.4 billion metric tons of carbon that global forests absorb each year.The rainforest is，therefore，crucial in regulating global climate.If the Amazon disappears or is reduced in size greatly，it could change weather patterns everywhere，impacting everything from how much food farms can produce to the availability of clean drinking water. [解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。2019年1月至8月，亚马孙热带雨林发生了73 000多起火灾，可能会对全球气候造成严重影响。 1．What do we know about the Amazon wildfires in 2019? A．Most of them are still on. B．They caused many deaths. C．Their numbers reached the lowest. D．They affected more than one country. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Brazil...the hardest hit”“The fires have recently also spilled over into the neighboring country of Bolivia，where they have thus far torched over 113，000 acres，including forests and grasslands in Chiquitania，a popular nature reserve”可知，2019年亚马孙热带雨林大火影响了不止一个国家。 2．What accounted for the start of the wildfires according to Alberto Setzer? A．Human activities. B．The high temperature. C．Strong winds. D．The dry season. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Starting a fire is the work of humans”可知，Alberto Setzer认为人类活动引起了火灾。 3．What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The severity of the Amazon wildfires. B．The significance of the Amazon rainforest. C．The potential effects of the Amazon wildfires. D．The best ways to battle the Amazon wildfires. 解析　C　段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“While all wildfires are harmful to the environment...particularly so”“If the Amazon disappears...change weather patterns everywhere，impacting everything from how much food farms can produce to the availability of clean drinking water”可知，本段主要介绍亚马孙热带雨林大火的潜在影响。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Amazon Rainforest：the Lungs of the Planet B．Brazil：the Hardest Hit of the Amazon Wildfires C．The Amazon Wildfires Spread Across South America D．Record Amazon Wildfires Could Accelerate Climate Change 解析　D　标题判断题。阅读全文内容可知，文章首段提到2019年1月至8月，亚马孙热带雨林发生超过73 000起火灾，创有记录以来的新高，接着简要陈述了火灾波及的范围及原因，最后一段讲到亚马孙热带雨林对调节全球气候至关重要以及大火对气候的潜在影响，故D项作文章标题最佳。 B Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely.They stamp their feet and signal toward the hills.The sea draws back from the beaches.Fish fall heavily in the mud.Suddenly，a huge wave appears.This is no ordinary wave.It is a tsunami! Tsunami waves are larger and faster than normal surface waves.A tsunami wave can travel as fast as a jet plane and can be as tall as a ten-story building.Imagine dropping a stone into a pond.The water on the surface ripples (起涟漪).A tsunami is like a very powerful ripple.Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly.Large amounts of seawater are displaced．This movement causes huge waves. If a tsunami happens，there must be some kind of force that causes the ocean water to become displaced.Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes.However，volcanoes，landslides (塌方)，large icebergs，and even meteorites (陨石) are able to cause one of these giant waves. Tsunamis are extremely powerful.Ordinary waves lose power when they break.Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days.Because tsunami waves are so strong，they can kill people，damage property，and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour. Scientists have no way of predicting when a tsunami will hit.However，if a powerful enough earthquake happens，scientists can send out a warning or a watch.A warning means that a tsunami will very likely hit soon.A watch means that conditions are favorable for a tsunami.When people are informed of a watch or a warning，they have more time to prepare.It is best not to get caught unaware when a tsunami is on the way! [解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海啸形成的原因以及造成的破坏。 5．Why are elephants acting strangely before the Tsunamis? A．They dislike the huge wave. B．They are afraid of the big fish. C．They can sense something out of the ordinary. D．They see the ocean drawing back from the beaches. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Elephants on the coast of Thailand are acting strangely”以及“Suddenly，a huge wave appears.This is no ordinary wave.It is a tsunami”可知，发生海啸时，大象的行为异常，由此可以推断大象应该能感知出将有不同寻常的事情发生。 6．What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Moved out of normal place. B．Pushed by human force. C．Pulled to great heights. D．Hung down quickly. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Tsunamis begin when the ocean rises or falls very suddenly”可知，发生海啸时，海浪突然起起落落，故displace是“不在原位”的意思。 7．Why do Tsunamis cause so much destruction? A．They are not familiar to most people. B．They are very powerful and long-lasting. C．They break on the coast，unlike normal waves. D．They are caused by underwater earthquakes. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Tsunami waves can remain powerful for several days.Because tsunami waves are so strong，they can kill people，damage property，and completely ruin an ecosystem in just one hour”可知，海啸之所以能造成毁灭性的破坏，是因为它太强大了，并且持续时间长。第二段中的“can be as tall as a ten-story building”也说明了海啸的威力。 8．What is this text mainly about? A．How to guard against tsunamis. B．Differences between wave types. C．What to do with tsunami waves. D．Causes and effects of tsunamis. 解析　D　主旨大意题。文章开头点名了文章的主题，第二、三段说明了海啸形成的原因，第四段说明了它的破坏性，故这篇文章主要介绍了海啸形成的原因以及造成的破坏。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·全国一卷) An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that，and more. 1 Catherine Murphy，a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat，makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order.She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand，she smiles and says，“Hello，how is your day？” Even when the line is getting longer，she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students.I know they need it in the morning，” Murphy said.Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is.She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her.Joanna Wright，a senior political science major，loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face，which always puts me in a cheerful mood，” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe，” Murphy said. 5 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B．She has two children aged eight and four. C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D．After finishing an order，she calls out the name on the cup. E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks，it also serves up smiles. F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G．She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else. [解题导语]　本文是一篇记叙文。College Cafe的员工Catherine Murphy每天忙碌工作，用心为顾客制作饮品、热情交流，她的笑容感染了学生。她以服务他人为宗旨，在岗位上工作17年，用积极的态度点亮他人的一天。 1．解析　E　空前提到“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that，and more.”，由此可知，College Cafe能在课间提供休息和提神饮品，以及其他东西。E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品而且提供笑容”通过“not only...(but)also...”结构，呼应上文提到的提供休息和提神饮品以及“and more”。 2．解析　D　空前提到Catherine Murphy在机器间来回走动，制作饮品，空后提到顾客从她手中拿饮品时，她会微笑问候。D项“完成订单后，她喊出杯上的名字”衔接了制作饮品与交付饮品的动作，符合工作流程的逻辑，且“calls out the name”与空后顾客接饮品的场景连贯。 3．解析　C　空前提到Murphy每天4：45起床，开车30分钟准时上班，空后提到Murphy喜欢为学生制作咖啡，她知道学生们早上需要咖啡。C项“有时她提前到岗以提前服务学生”，进一步说明她对工作的投入，与上文呼应，且与下文形成因果关系。 4．解析　F　空前提到学生Wright每周至少去咖啡馆6天，空后提到Wright说Catherine的笑容让她心情愉快。F项“去咖啡馆让她以良好的方式开启一天，为上课做准备”解释了Wright高频去咖啡馆的原因，空后提到Catherine的笑容对Wright的影响，进一步解释了F项的“starts her day off good”。 5．解析　G　空前提到Murphy喜欢在咖啡馆工作，空后提到她打算继续做热爱的事，即继续在咖啡馆工作。G项“已在此服务17年，她无法想象去其他地方工作”描述了她的工作年限与情感归属，与“喜欢工作”和“留下”衔接紧密。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $