Unit 1 Section 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

[对应知能达标训练P1] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·全国一卷) The greening of planes，trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).As the world races to decarbonize everything，it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green，cheap and powerful，but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs.Much is still to be settled，but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. This energy transition (变革) is global，and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing”，says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately，analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy，and it will all get used，” says Wipke. [解题导读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要围绕全球交通领域的碳排放及绿色转型展开，说明不同交通方式有特定燃料需求，全球能源转型中可再生能源需求巨大。 1．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A．11.6%. B．45.1%. C．74.5%.　 D．86.1%. 解析　C　数据分析题。根据文中第一张图中的相关数据“ROAD( PASSENGER) 45.1%”和“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%”可知，公路车辆在全球交通排放中的总占比为45.1%＋29.4%＝ 74.5%。故选C。 2．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A．Planes.　 B．Trucks. C．Trains.　 D．Ships. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文中第二张图中“TRAINS—Electricity”部分的描述可知，火车使用电能作为能源，一些火车已经实现了电气化，其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电气化。相对图中描述的飞机、卡车和轮船的燃料转型，火车绿色转型更简单。故选C。 3．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文中最后一段Wipke的话“We need to speed up...used”可知，Wipke认为需要加快绿色能源的发展，绿色能源将全部投入使用。B项“加大对可再生能源的投入”与文意相符。故选B。 B Sort trash，save Earth You might not think much about where your garbage goes.But now you might want to know.On July 1，Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策).People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins.Other cities in China will do the same soon. Why is garbage sorting a big problem? It's because there is too much garbage these days.It is bad for our soil，air and water.Actually we can make use of some garbage again. And first，we need to sort our garbage.For example，if you put an old battery into the “harmful waste” bin，people can use it to make new batteries.But if you don't，the battery will end up somewhere else.Then，it will pollute the environment. Can't factories sort garbage for us? Yes，they can.But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money.If we all sort our own garbage，things will become much easier. Garbage sorting and recycling around the world • Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets.You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.You can get one to two yuan per bottle.People like this because they can get money and protect the environment at the same time. • Japan: A trash truck comes to people's doors to pick up their garbage.It plays music when it's coming.There are eight or more kinds of garbage.If you sort any of them wrong，you will get a notice on your door. • Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations.An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles，five medium bottles or 10 plastic cups.But the bottles must be clean. • Shanghai: Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai Recyclable garbage includes paper，books，boxes，newspapers，and glass bottles. Harmful garbage includes lamps，batteries，nail polish (指甲油)，and other things with harmful chemicals. Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen，such as food，vegetables，flowers，leaves and eggshells. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins.It includes pens，toilet paper，tape，hair，and towels. [解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。通过垃圾分类，拯救我们的地球。 4．What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A．Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies. B．Many people don't like Shanghai's garbage-sorting policy. C．Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy. D．China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“On July 1，Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策).People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins.Other cities in China will do the same soon.( 7月1日，上海出台了一项新的垃圾分类政策。那里的人们需要把不同种类的垃圾放进不同的垃圾箱。中国的其他城市很快也会这么做。)”可推断，上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。 5．With the battery example，the writer tries to tell us ． A．how to sort our garbage B．the importance of sorting our garbage C．what harmful waste is D．the difficulty of sorting our garbage 解析　B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For example，if you put an old battery into the ‘harmful waste’ bin，people can use it to make new batteries.But if you don't，the battery will end up somewhere else.Then，it will pollute the environment.(例如，如果你把一个旧电池放入‘有害废物’箱，人们可以用它来制造新电池。但如果你不这样做，电池就会被扔到别的地方。然后，它会污染环境。)”可推测，作者举电池的例子，是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。故选B。 6．Why can't we ask factories to sort garbage? A．Because we don't have this kind of factory. B．Because factories ask for too much money. C．Because it takes too many workers to do it. D．Because not all garbage can go to factories. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money.(但这需要很多工人来做，花费很多钱。)”可知，我们不能要求工厂对垃圾进行分类，是因为这需要太多的工人来做此工作。故选C。 7．In which country can people take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations? A．Germany. B．Indonesia. C．Japan.　 D．China. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章“Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations.(印度尼西亚：如果人们把塑料瓶送到公交车站，就可以免费乘坐公交车。)”可知，在印度尼西亚，如果给公交车站塑料瓶，人们可以免费乘坐公共汽车。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 Fish come in all kinds of shapes，sizes and colors.They first appeared in the oceans of the earth about 500 million years ago.Today there are tens of thousands of different kinds of fish and new species are discovered every year. Where fish live 1 They preferably live in areas where warm and cold currents meet.And about 40% of fish species are in fresh water.Some of them live in the clear water of rivers while others prefer muddy pond water.A few types of fish can swim in both salt and fresh water. Senses Fish have organs that tell them what is happening in the water around them.They can see left and right at the same time.They not only can hear sounds in the water but can also sense sounds that happen on the surface. 2 Bodies of fish Fish have no neck.The head and the body are combined.Most fish are shaped like cigars so that they can travel very quickly.Fish are cold-blooded. 3 The skin of most fish is made out of a special slippery substance.Fish breathe oxygen from the water they live in. 4 Fish were among the first animals hunted by primitive human beings.Millions of people all over the world depend on fish as a main form of nutrition.In many coastal countries，such as Japan or Norway，people depend on fishing to make a living. 5 They eat other sea animals and are eaten by other sea creatures，thus keeping up the balance of nature. A．Dangers to fish B．The importance of fish C．Fish are a part of the food chain. D．Most of the world's fish live in salt water. E．Their body temperature changes with their surroundings. F．Fish are also endangered by pollution of the world's oceans. G．Fish can also feel water movements，thus feeling the dangers that approach them. [解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鱼的起源、感官、身体结构以及重要性。 1．解析　D　根据后文“And about 40% of fish species are in fresh water.(大约40%的鱼类生活在淡水中。)”以及本段小标题“Where fish live(鱼生活在哪里)”可知，大多数鱼是生活在盐水中的。D选项“Most of the world's fish live in salt water.(世界上大多数的鱼生活在盐水中。)”符合题意，故选D。 2．解析　G　根据前文“Fish have organs that tell them what is happening in the water around them.(鱼的器官告诉它们周围的水里发生了什么。)”可知，本段讲述的是与鱼的感官有关。G选项“Fish can also feel water movements，thus feeling the dangers that approach them.(鱼也能感觉到水的运动，从而感觉到接近它们的危险。)”符合题意，故选G。 3．解析　E　根据前文“Fish are cold-blooded.(鱼是冷血动物。)”可知，本句讲述的是鱼的体温。E选项“Their body temperature changes with their surroundings.(他们的体温随着周围环境的变化而变化。)”符合题意，故选E。 4．解析　B　根据下文“Millions of people all over the world depend on fish as a main form of nutrition.(全世界有数百万人以鱼为主要营养来源。)”可知，本段是讲述鱼的重要性。B选项“The importance of fish(鱼的重要性)”符合题意，故选B。 5．解析　C　根据下文“They eat other sea animals and are eaten by other sea creatures，thus keeping up the balance of nature.(它们吃其他海洋动物，也被其他海洋生物吃，因此保持了自然界的平衡。)”可知，鱼是食物链的一部分。C选项“Fish are a part of the food chain.(鱼是食物链的一部分。)”符合题意，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $