Unit 3 Earth Protection-Reading Acively-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·重庆大学版·Unit3 EarthProtection-Readin gAcively 一、重点单词详解 1:underwater 一、核心考点 词性：ad./adv. 核心义：水下的：在水下 二、构词法（词性转换） 由nder（prep.adv.在…下面；低于)+water(n.水)构成复合词 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(nderwater):nderwater plants（水下植物)；nderwater world(水下世界)； underwater exploration(水下探索) 副词(nderwater):swim underwater（在水下游泳)：work underwater(在水下工作) 四、拓展用法 反义词：abovewater(adj.水上的) 派生词：nderwatered(adj.浇水不足的)：nderwatering(n.浇水不足) 2:damage 一、核心考点 词性：n.. 核心义：损害：损坏；破坏 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：damage(损害；损坏) 动词：damage(损害；损坏) 形容词：damaged(adj.被损坏的) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(damage):do damage to(对…造成损害)；suffer damage(遭受损害)；serious//great damage(严重的损害)；repair the damage(修复损害) 动词(damage):damage sth.（损坏某物)；be damaged by(被…损坏) 四、辨析 damage vs.destroy vs.ruin damage:指部分损坏，可修复。The storm damaged the roof..(暴风雨损坏了屋顶。) destroy:指彻底破坏，无法修复。The fire destroyed the building.（大火烧毁了那栋楼。) uin:指长期损坏，导致某物失去价值或功能。Bad habits ruined his health.(坏习惯毁了 他的健康。) 3:flood 、 核心考点 词性：n.w. 核心义：洪水；水灾；淹没；泛滥 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：food(洪水；水灾) 动词：food(淹没；泛滥) 形容词：flooded(adj.被淹没的)；flooding(n.洪水泛滥) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(flood):cause a f丑ood(引发洪水)：suffer from floods(遭受水灾)；a flood of sth. (大量的某物) 动词(flood):flood into(涌入)；f1 ood with(被…淹没)；bef1 ooded out(因洪水被 迫离开) 四、拓展用法 习语：in flood(洪水泛滥的)The river is in f1ood.(河水泛滥了。) 4:atmosphere 核心考点 词性：n 核心义：大气：大气层；气氛 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：atmospheric/,etmos''ferk/(adj.大气的；有氛围的) 三、用法与常见搭配 表示”大气；大气层”：the earth's atmosphere(地球大气层)；atmosphere pressure（大气 压力) 表示气氛”：create a good atmosphere(营造良好氛围)；a friendly//tense atmosphere（友 好的紧张的气氛) 四、拓展用法 同义词：air(空气)：mood(气氛，指情绪状态) 辨析：atmosphere指某个地方或场合的整体氛围；mood侧重指人的情绪或心境。 5:emission 一、 核心考点 词性：n 核心义：排放；散发；排放量 二、 构词法 动词：emit/i'mrt(v.排放；散发) 名词：emission(由emit+-sion构成) 形容词：emissive/i'mISIV/(adj.发射的：放射性的) 三、用法与常见搭配 carbon dioxide emission(二氧化碳排放) reduce emissions(减少排放量) emission of sth.(某物的排放/散发) 四、拓展用法 派生词：emissions(n.排放物，常用复数) 6:install 核心考点 词性：v 核心义：安装；设置；安顿 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：installation/mste'ler/(n.安装；装置) 过去分词作形容词：installed(adj.已安装的) 三、用法与常见搭配 install sth.(安装某物) install sb.in sth.(安顿某人在某处) install software（安装软件) 四、辨析 install vs.fix vs.set up install:指安装较复杂的设备、系统等。install a new computer(安装新电脑) fix:指修理或安装简单的东西，口语化。fix a shelf（安装架子) setp:指建立、搭建，也可指安装设备。set up a tent(搭帐篷)：set up a printer(安装 打印机) 7:generate “、 核心考点】 词性：v 核心义：产生；引起；生成 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：generation/,d3ena'rern/(n.一代；产生)：generator/'d3 enaret()/(n.发电机；发 生器) 形容词：generative/d3 eneretrv/(ad.生成的；有生产力的) 三、用法与常见搭配 generate electricity(发电) generate interest(引起兴趣) generate heat(产生热量) 四、拓展用法 同义词：produce(生产；产生)；create(创造；引起) 8:burden 一、核心考点 词性：n.w 核心义：负担；重担；加重负担；烦扰 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：burden（负担；重担) 动词：burden(加重负担；烦扰) 形容词：burdensome/'b3:dnsem/(adj.繁重的；累赘的) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(burden):a burden on sb.sth.（某人/某物的负担)：bear/carry a burden（承担重担)： lighten the burden(减轻负担) 动词(burden):burden sb.with sth.(使某人负担某事) 四、辨析 burden vs.load burden::常指精神上的负担或责任。the burden of responsibility(责任的重担) load:常指具体的负荷、装载量。a heavy load(沉重的负荷) 9:persuasive 一、核心考点 词性：ad 核心义：有说服力的：能说服人的 构词法（词性转换） 动词：persuade /pa'swerd(v.说服；劝说) 形容词：persuasive（由persuade+-sive构成) 副词：persuasively/p3'sweIsIvli/（adv.有说服力地》 名词：persuasiveness /pa'sweIsIvnas/(n.说服力) 三、用法与常见搭配 a persuasive argument(有说服力的论点) be persuasive(有说服力的) persuasive speech(有说服力的演讲) 四、拓展用法 派生词：npersuasive(adj.无说服力的) 10:persuade 一、核心考点 词性：v 核心义：说服；劝说：使信服 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：persuasive(ad.有说服力的) 名词：persuasion/p3'swer3/(n.说服；劝说) 三、用法与常见搭配 persuade sb.to do sth.(说服某人做某事) persuade sb.into doing sth.(说服某人做某事) persuade sb.out of doing sth.(说服某人不做某事) persuade sb.that..（说服某人…) 四、辨析 persuade vs.advise vs.convince persuade:强调结果，成功说服某人做某事。I persuaded him to go..(我说服他去了。) advise:强调动作，给某人建议，不涉及结果。I advised him to go,.but he refused.(我劝 他去，但他拒绝了。) convince:强调通过证据、理由等使某人信服。I convinced him that I was right..(我使他 相信我是对的。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The divers are trained to work for long periods A)underwater B)abovewater C)underwatered D)underwatering 2.The storm many houses along the coast. A)damaged B)destroyed C)ruined D)harmed 3.Heavy rains causedin several villages last summer. A)flood B)floods C)flooding D)flooded 4.The of the party was very relaxed and fiiendly A)air B)mood C)atmosphere D)feeling 5.We need to reduce carbon dioxide_to protect the environment. A)emit B)emission C)emissions D)emissive 6.My father willa new air conditioner in our bedroom tomorrow. A)install B)fix C)set up D)build 7.This new machine can enough electricity for 500 families. A)produce B)create C)generate D)make 8.The heavy workload has become a huge_on her health A)load B)burden C)weight D)pressure 9.His_speech convinced many people to support the project. A)persuasive B)convinced C)advised D)persuasive 10.She finally her parents to let her study abroad. A)advised B)persuaded C)convinced D)suggested (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The scientists are studying theecosystem in the deep sea.(underwater) 2.The bridge needs to be repaired immediately.(damage) 3.After the heavy rain,thesreets were with water (flood 4.The_pressure changes with altitude.(atmosphere) 5.The factory was fined for its excessive_of pollutants.(emit) 6.The_of the new software took two hours.(install) 7.Wind turbines are used to_electricity from wind energy.(generation) 8.It's unfair to_children with too much homework.(burden) 9.The lawyer made a_argument in court.(persuade) 10.She used facts and figures to_us of her plan's feasibility.(persuasion) (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Many colorful fish live in the uworld of the coral reef. 2.The earthquake did great d to the ancient temple 3.The river is in f after the continuous rain. 4.The company tried to create a positive work a 5.The government has made laws to limit carbon dioxide e. 6.We need to i a new security system in the office. 7.This solar panel can genough power for a small house. 8.Taking care of her sick parents is a heavy bfor her. 9.His pwords made me change my mind. 10.My teacher tried to p me to join the school debate team. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A AB CC AC B A B 2.补全句子答案： 1.underwater 2.damaged 3.flooded 4.atmospheric 5.emission 6.installation 7.generate 8.burden 9.persuasive 10.convince 3.首字母填空答案： 1.underwater 2.damage 3.flood 4.atmosphere 5.emissions 6.install 7.gen- erate 8.burden 9.persuasive 10.persuade 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit3 Earth Protection-Reading Acively