Unit 1 Hope and Love-Reading Acively-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·重庆大学版·nitlHopeandLove-Reading Acively 一、重点单词详解 1:imitate 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.模仿；效仿；模拟 二、构词法（词汇变形） 形容词：imitative'mItotrv/(adj.模仿的；仿制的) 名词：imitation/nr'te/(n.模仿；仿制品) 三、用法与常见搭配 imitate sb.st山h.(模仿某人/某物) imitate the way sb.does sth.(模仿某人做某事的方式) 四、重点辨析 imitate vs..copy:imitate侧重”模仿行为或风格”（如模仿声音、动作）；copy侧重”复制 原件”（如复制文件、画作）。 2:comprehend 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.理解；领会；包含 二、 构词法（词汇变形） 否定前缀un-:ncomprehending/,n,kompr'hendn)/(adj.不理解的) 名词：comprehension/,kpmprI'henn/(n.理解；理解力) 形容词：comprehensive./,kpmprI'hensrv/（adj.全面的；综合的) 三、用法与常见搭配 comprehend sth..(理解某事) be comprehended in(被包含在.中) beyond comprehension(难以理解) 四、词汇变形对比 comprehend（v.理解)→comprehension（n.理解力，如reading comprehension阅读理 解) 3:justify “、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.证明…正当；为…辩护；是…的正当理由 、二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：just/d3Ast/（adj.公正的：合理的) 副词：jusy/d3 Astli/（adv.公正地) 名词：justification/,d3 Astrfi'kerfn/(n.正当理由；辩护) 三、 用法与常见搭配 justify doing sth.（证明做某事合理) justify oneself(为自己辩护) be justified in doing sth.(有理由做某事) 四、高考常见语境 The decision was justified by the need to protect public safety.(保护公共安全的需要证明 了这一决定的合理性。) 4:shadow 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v) 核心义：n.阴影；影子；阴暗处；v.投阴影于；跟踪 词性转换与搭配 动词短语：shadow sb.(跟踪某人) cast a shadow on/over(给…投下阴影) in the shadow of(在…的阴影下；受…影响) 三、重点辨析 shadow vs.shade:shadow指”人物投射的影子”（有轮廓）；shade指阴凉处”（无具体 轮廓，如树阴)。 5:resolution 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.决心：决定；决议；分辨率 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：resolve'zplv/(v.解决；决心) 形容词：resolved'zDlvd/(adj.坚决的；下定决心的) 三、用法与常见搭配 make a resolution(下定决心，如New Year's resolution新年决心) pass/adopt a1 esolution（通过决议) resolve to do sth.（决心做某事) 四、多义辨析 resolution表示”分辨率”时，常见于科技语境（如screen resolution屏幕分辨率）。 6:freeze 、核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：v.(froze,frozen)结冰；冻结；愣住；n.冻结；严寒期 二、不规则动词变形 原形：freeze→过去式：froze过去分词：frozen 形容词：frozen/'freuzn/(adj.结冰的；冷冻的，如frozen food冷冻食品) 三、用法与常见搭配 freeze to death(冻死) freeze up(冻住；（因紧张)说不出话) put sth.on freeze(冻结某物，如salary freeze工资冻结) 四、 语境运用 The lake froze over last night..(湖面昨晚结冰了。) 7:self-improvement 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.自我完善；自我提升 二、构词法（合成词） self-（前缀，表”自我)+improvement(n.改进，由improve v.+-ment构成) 动词：improve /Im'pI:v/(v.改进；提高) 名词：improvement/.m'pu:mnt/(n.改进；改善) 三、常见搭配 self-improvement books(自我提升类书籍) efforts at self-improvement（自我完善的努力) 四、拓展联想 类似合成词：self-confidence(自信)、self-discipline(自律) 8:rapidly 核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.迅速地；快速地 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：rapid/raepId/(adj.迅速的；快速的) 名词：rapidity/ra'prdati/(n.迅速；急速) 、 用法与辨析 修饰动词：grow rapidly(快速增长) 1 apid vs.quick/fast:1apid侧重”变化速度快”（如rapid development);quick侧重”时间 短”（如a quick answer);fast侧重”动作快”（如n fast)。 四、常见语境 Technology is changing rapidly.(科技正在迅速变化。) 9:frozen 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、动词(v.) 核心义：adj.结冰的：冻结的；冷冻的；v.freeze的过去分词 二、 词性与用法 作为形容词：frozen lake（结冰的湖)：frozen smile(僵硬的微笑) 作为过去分词：The river has frozen.(河已经结冰了。) 三、固定搭配 frozen assets(冻结资产) frozen in time(凝固在时间里；一成不变) 四、与freezing辨析 frozen(adj.结冰的，表状态)：freezing（adj.极冷的，表感受，如It's freezing today) 10:self-improvement 、 高频写作词汇运用 在？个人成长”主题作文中，可写Self-improvement is a lifelong journey.”(自我提升是一 生的旅程。) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The little girl likes to her mother's way of speaking A)copy B)imitate C)print D)paint 2.It's beyondwhy she left without saying goodbye. A)comprehension B)comprehend C)comprehensive D)uncomprehending 3.The company tried to its decision to cut employees by saying it was necessary for sur- vival. A)justify B)justice C)justification D)justly 4.The tall buildings_a shadow over the small park nearby. A)shade B)shadow C)cast D)throw 5.She made a New Year's_to learn a new language this year. A)resolve B)resolution C)resolved D)resolving 6.The temperature dropped so low that the water in the pipeovernight. A)freeze B)froze C)frozen D)freezing 7.Reading books is an important part of her-journey A)self-improve B)self-improving C)self-improvement D)self-improved 8.With the development of technology,our lives are changing-. A)rapid B)rapidly C)rapidity D)more rapid 9.The lake is safe for skating now. A)freezing B)froze C)frozen D)freeze 10.He stood there_,unable to move when he heard the bad news. A)frozen B)freezing C)froze D)freeze (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.Her(imitate)of the teacher's accent made the class laugh. 2.We need to develop our reading_(comprehend)skills 3.There is no (justify)for his rude behavior. 4.The dog followed its owner like a(shadow) 5.She is_(resolve)to achieve her goals this semester. 6.The(freeze)weather caused many accidents on the road 7.Many people are interested in books about(self-improve). 8.The_(rapid)of economic growth surprised everyone. 9.The_(frozen)food section is on the second floor of the supermarket. 10.His(justify)for being late was not convincing. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.It's important to i the correct pronunciation when learning a new language. 2.The poem is so complex that it's beyond my c. 3.The government must jthe new tax policy to the public. 4.The cat hid in the s under the tree to avoid the rain. 5.After the meeting,they passed a rto reduce plastic use. 6.If the temperature keeps dropping,the lake will f soon. 7.S_-improvement requires consistent effort and patience. 8.The population of the city is increasing r due to migration. 9.The mountain is covered with f snow all year round. 10.He bought some f vegetables from the supermarket for dinner. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BAACBBCBCA 2.补全句子答案： 1.imitation 2.comprehension 3.justification 4.shadow 5.resolved 6.freezing 7.self- improvement 8.rapidity 9.frozen 10.justification 3.首字母填空答案： 1.imitate 2.comprehension 3.justify 4.shadow 5.resolution 6.freeze 7.Self-improvement 8.rapidly 9.frozen 10.frozen 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit 1 Hope and Love-Reading Acively