内容正文:
期末词汇复习
选择性必修第四册·重庆大学版·Challenge YourselfC
一、
重点单词详解
1:record
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)、动词(v)
核心义:n.记录;唱片;记载;v.记录;录制;记载
二、构词法(词性转换)
无明显词根,词性转换通过重音变化区分:
名词:record(重音在前/reko:d/)
动词:record(重音在后m'ko:d/)
形容词:record(adj.创纪录的,如record high历史新高)
三、用法与常见搭配
名词(record)
keep a record of(记录…)
break a record(打破纪录)
set a record(创造纪录)
on record(记录在案的;公开的)
动词(1 ecord)
record sth.(记录/绿制某事)
record sb.doing sth.(记录某人做某事)
record that.(记录…情况)
形容词(record)
a record number/temperature(创纪录的数字/温度)
四、拓展用法
易混词辨析:record vs.register
record:侧重?记录事实、事件或信息”,如record data(记录数据)
register:侧重”登记、注册(姓名、信息等)”,如register for a course(注册课程)
2:consume
一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:V.消耗;消费;耗尽;吃/喝
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:smpt(拿取,如assume承担)
形容词:consuming(adj.强烈的;消耗性的,如consuming interest强烈的兴趣)
名词:consumption(n.消耗;消费;消费量)
三、用法与常见搭配
动词(consume)
consume time/energy/.el(消耗时间/精力/燃料)
consume food/drinks(吃/喝食物/饮料)
be consumed with(被…充满,如be consumed with anger怒火中烧)
名词(consumption)
energy consumption(能源消耗)
consumption of resources(资源消耗)
domestic consumption(国内消费)
四、拓展用法
派生词:ime-consuming(adj.耗时的,由ime+consume+-ing构成)
3:consumption
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.消耗;消费;消费量
、
构词法(词性转换)
动词:consume(v.消耗;消费)
形容词:consumptive(adj.消费的;消耗性的,较少见)
名词:consumption(由consume+-tion构成)
三、
用法与常见搭配
不可数名词,无复数形式
increase/reduce consumption(增加/减少消费)
per capita consumption(人均消费量)
consumption pattern(消费模式)
四、拓展用法
高频搭配:economic growth driven by consumption(消费驱动的经济增长)
4:revitalize
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.使复苏;使振兴;使恢复活力
二、构词法(词性转换)
前缀:re(重新,再)+vital(adj.生命的;至关重要的)+-ize(动词后缀)
形容词:vital(adi.生命的;至关重要的)
名词:vitality(n.活力;生命力)
动词:revitalize(使重新获得活力)
三、用法与常见搭配
revitalize the economy(振兴经济)
revitalize a neighborhood(使社区复苏)
revitalize traditional culture(使传统文化恢复活力)
四、拓展用法
近义词辨析:revitalize vs.refresh
revitalize:强调'使长期衰落的事物恢复活力”,如revitalize an industry(振兴行业)
refresh:强调”使精神/体力恢复”,如refresh oneself with coffee(喝咖啡提神)
5:similarity
、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.相似性;相像性;相似点
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:simil(相似,如simulate模拟)
形容词:similar(adj.相似的)
名词:similarity(由similar+-ity构成)
三、用法与常见搭配
形容词(similar)
be similar to(与…相似)
名词(similarity)
similarity between A and B(A与B的相似性)
have similarities to(与…有相似之处)
the similarity of..(…的相似性)
四、拓展用法
反义词:difference(n.差异)、dissimilarity(n.不相似性)
搭配对比:be similar to(主语为物,如The book is similar to that one.)vs.be familiar to
(主语为人,如He is familiar to us..他为我们所熟悉)
6:mutual
核心考点
词性:形容词(ad山j.)
核心义:adj.相互的:彼此的;共同的
二、构词法(词性转换)
词根:mut(改变,如commute通勤)
名词:mutuality(n.相互关系;共同性,较少见)
副词:mutually(adv.相互地;共同地)
三、用法与常见搭配
形容词(mutual)
mutual respect/.nderstanding/benefit(相互尊重/理解/利益)
mutual friends(共同的朋友)
mutual aid(互助)
副词(mutually)
mutually beneficial(互利的)
mutually agree(共同同意)
四、拓展用法
易混词辨析:mutual vs.common
mutual:强调”双方相互的,如mutual support(相互支持)
common::强调多人共同的”,如common goal(共同目标)
7:rediscover
一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.重新发现;再发现
二、构词法(词性转换)
前缀:re-(重新,再)+discover(v.发现)
名词:rediscovery(n.重新发现)
三、用法与常见搭配
rediscover sth.(重新发现某物)
rediscover oneself(重新认识自己)
rediscover the beauty of.(重新发现…的美)
名词(rediscovery)
the rediscovery of ancient culture(古代文化的重新发现)
四、拓展用法
例句:Scientists rediscovered the rare plant in the rainforest.(科学家在雨林中重新发现了
这种稀有植物。)
8:time-consuming
核心考点
词性:形容词(ad山j.)
核心义:adj.耗时的;费时间的
二、构词法(词性转换)
合成词:ime(n.时间)+consume(v.消耗)+-ing(形容词后缀)
动词原形:consume(v.消耗)
三、
用法与常见搭配
仅作形容词,无词性转换
aime-consuming task(耗时的任务)
be time-consuming to do sth.(做某事耗时,如It is time-consuming to learn a language.)
四、拓展用法
近义词:ime-wasting(浪费时间的,含贬义):labor-intensive(劳动密集的,侧重人力
消耗)
9:hieroglyph
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.象形文字;象形符号
二、
构词法(词性转换)
词根:gyph(雕刻符号,如cipher密码)
名词复数:hieroglyphs
三、用法与常见搭配
ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs(古埃及象形文字)
hieroglyph writing(象形文字书写)
decipher hieroglyphs(破译象形文字)
四、拓展用法
文化背景:Hieroglyphs were used in ancient Egypt to record information..(象形文字在古
埃及用于记录信息。)
10:monument
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.纪念碑:纪念馆:历史遗迹
二、构词法(词性转换)
无明显词根
形容词:monumental(adj.纪念碑的;巨大的)
三、用法与常见搭配
historical monument(历史遗迹)
build a monument(建造纪念碑)
national monument(国家纪念碑)
四、拓展用法
文化背景:Monuments are built to commemorate important people or events.(纪念a碑是为
了纪念重要人物或事件而建造的。)
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.The scientists need to_the data accurately for future research.(record/register)
2.With the development of society,people'sof natural resources is increasing rapidly
(consumption/consume)
3.The government has taken measures to_the local economy which has been in decline for
years.(revitalize/refresh)
4.There are many between the two cultures,such as their traditional festivals.(similari-
ties/similar)
5.The two countries signed abeneficial agreement to promote trade cooperation.(mutu-
ally/mutual)
6.After years of exploration,the archaeologistsan ancient city buried under the sand.(re-
discovered/discovered)
7.Learning a foreign language is a-process that requires patience and persistence.(time-
consuming/time-wasting)
8.Ancient Egyptianwere used to record important events and religious beliefs.(hiero-
glyphs/hieroglyph)
9.The Great Wall of China is not only a famous_but also a symbol of the Chinese nation.
(monument/monuments)
10.We should try to reduce energy_to protect the environment.(consumption/consume)
(二)根据提示补全句子(10题)
1.The company has set a new_(record v.)for sales this year.
2.The(consume)of electricity in summer is usually higher than in winter.
3.The old town is being(revitalize)to attract more tourists.
4.There is a clear(similar)between the two paintings.
5.They have a_(mutual)understanding of each other's needs
6.The_(rediscover)of the lost manuscript caused a sensation in the academic world.
7.This task is very(time-consuming),so we need to start early
8.Many ancient(hieroglyph)have not been deciphered yet.
9.The(monument)was built in memory of the soldiers who died in the war.
10.We should pay attention to the_(consume)of water in our daily life
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.Please keep a r of all the expenses during the trip
2.The factory consumes a lot of eevery month.
3.The government plans to rthe old industrial area
4.There are some s_between the two novels.
5.They have a mgoal to win the competition.
6.The explorers ra new species of plant in the forest.
7.Wiiting a book is at-consuming job
8.Hwere used by ancient Egyptians to write.
9.The Eiffel Tower is a famous m in Paris.
10.The c_of oil has increased in recent years
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:record consumption revitalize similarities mutually
rediscov-
ered time-consuming hieroglyphs monument consumption
解析1(第1题):
考查record的固定用法。1 ecord表示”记录”,符合句意”科学家需要准确记录数据以供
未来研究;register表示”登记、注册”,不符合语境,故选record。
解析2(第2题):
考查consumption的固定用法。consumption表示”消耗、消费”,符合句意”随着社会发
展,人们对自然资源的消耗正在迅速增加;consume是动词形式,不符合语法要求,故
选consumption。
解析3(第3题):
考查revitalize的固定用法。revitalize表示”使复苏、使振兴,符合句意”政府已采取措
施振兴多年来一直衰退的地方经济;1 efresh表示”使精神/体力恢复”,不符合语境,故
选revitalize。
2.补全句子答案:
1.record 2.consumption 3.revitalized 4.similarity 5.mutual 6.rediscovery 7.time-
consuming 8.hieroglyphs 9.monument 10.consumption
3.首字母填空答案:
1.record 2.energy 3.revitalize 4.similarities 5.mutual 6.rediscovered 7.time 8.Hiero-
glyphs 9.monument 10.consumption
英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Challenge Yourself C