Unit 4 Perseverance and Success-Reading Acively-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第二册·重庆大学版·Unit4 PerseveranceandSuccess -ReadingAcively 1:unwillingly 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.不情愿地；勉强地 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：wil(n.意志；意愿v.想要) 形容词：willing/'wlry/(adj.愿意的；乐意的) 反义词：mwilling/n'wlu/(adj.不情愿的；勉强的，由willing+m-否定前缀构成) 副词：nwillingly（由nwilling+-y构成) 三、 用法与常见搭配 形容词(nwilling) be unwilling to do sth.(不情愿做某事) 副词(nwillingly） act unwillingly(勉强行动) accept unwillingly(不情愿地接受) 四、拓展用法 否定前缀m-:加在形容词前构成反义词，如happy→nhappy,able→unable 2:forgive 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v原谅；宽恕；饶恕 二、构词法（词性转换） 过去式/过去分词：forgave/fa'gerv/,forgiven/fa'gIv/ 名词：forgiveness/f'grvnas/(n.原谅；宽恕) 形容词：forgiving/fo'grvr/(adj.宽恕的；宽容的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(fo1give) forgive sb.for sth.(因某事原谅某人) forgive sb.doing sth.(原谅某人做某事) forgive and forget(不念I旧恶；既往不咎) 名词(forgiveness) ask for forgiveness(请求原谅) offer/give forgiveness(给予原谅) 四、辨析 forgive vs.excuse vs.pardon:forgive侧重情感上的宽恕；excuse强调对小过失的原谅： pardon较正式，多与法律或官方场合相关（如Pardon me.口语中表”请再说一遍） 3:grand 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：ad.宏伟的；壮丽的：重大的；（亲属关系）隔一代的 二、构词法（词性转换） 副词：grandly/graendli/(adv.宏伟地；堂皇地) 名词：grandeur∥grand3()/(n.宏伟；壮丽；庄严) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述事物：grand building(宏伟建筑)/grand view(壮丽景色)/grand occasion(重大 场合) 亲属称谓：grandparent(祖父母/外祖父母)/grandson(孙子/外孙)/granddaughter(孙 女外孙女) 固定短语：grand total（总计；合计)/grand prize(特等奖) 四、辨析 grand vs.magnificent:grand侧重规模大或地位重要；magnificent强调视觉上的华丽和 辉煌（如magnificent palace) 4:midst 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.中间：中部；当中（多用于书面语或固定搭配） 二、构词法（词性转换） 同根词：niddle/nrd/(n./adj.中间；中间的) 三、 用法与常见搭配 介词短语：in the midst of(在…中间；在…过程中) 例：in the midst of the crowd(在人群中)/in the midst of discussion(在讨论过程中) 四、注意事项 midst为名词，不可单独作介词，必须搭配in the构成固定短语；middle可作名词(in the middle of)或形容词(middle school) 5:vision 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.视力：视野；构想：幻象 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：visualize3 uolarz/(t.想象；设想) 形容词：visual /'v3ual/(adj.视觉的；视力的) 副词：visually/3uli/(adv.视觉上；外表上) 二、 用法与常见搭配 名词(vision) 表示”视力”：poor vision(视力差)/20/20 vision(正常视力) 表示”构想：a vision of the future(对未来的构想)/have a clear vision(有清晰的愿景) 动词(visualize) visualize sb./sth.doing sth.（想象某人/某物做某事) 例：visualize the scene（想象那个场景) 四、辨析 vision vs.sight vs.view:vision指视力或抽象的”远见；sight侧重具体看到的事物或视 觉能力：view指从某处看到的景色或观点 6:inspiration 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事：启发 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：inspire /in'spare(r)/(t.激励：启发；赋予灵感) 形容词：inspiring /m'spaIorI)/(adj.鼓舞人心的)；inspired/n'sparad/(adj.受启发的；有 灵感的) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(inspiration) source of inspiration(灵感来源)/draw inspiration from(从…中汲取灵感) an inspiration to sb.(对某人来说是鼓舞人心的人/事) 动词(inspire) inspire sb.to do sth.(激励某人做某事) inspire confidence/tust(激发信心/信任) 形容词(inspiring/inspired) an inspiring speech(鼓舞人心的演讲)/inspired idea(富有灵感的想法) 四、注意事项 inspiration表示”灵感”时不可数；表示”鼓舞人心的人/事”时可数（如He is an inspiration to us.) 7:accumulation 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.积累；积聚；堆积物 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：accumulate /a'kju:mjalert/(v.积累；积聚) 形容词：accumulative/'kju:mjaletrv/(adj.累积的；渐增的) 三、 用法与常见搭配 名词(accumulation) accumulation of sth.(某物的积累) 例：accumulation of knowledge(知识的积累)/accumulation of snow(积雪) 动词(accumulate) accumulate wealth/experience(积累财富/经验) 例：Dust accumulates quickly.（灰尘很快堆积起来。) 四、注意事项 accumulate可作及物动词(accumulate data)或不及物动词(Riches accumulate.) 8:accumulate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.积累；积聚；堆积 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：accumulation/a,kju:mja'ler/(n.积累；积聚) 形容词：accumulative/a'kju:mjaletrv/(adj.累积的；渐增的) 三、用法与常见搭配 及物动词：accumulate+宾语（财富/数据/经验等） 例：accumulate evidence(积累证据)/accumulate savings(积攒储蓄) 不及物动词：主语（物/抽象事物）+accumulate 例：Debts accumulated.（债务越积越多。)/Interest accumulates over time.(利息随时间 累积。) 四、辨析 accumulate vs.gather vs.collect:accumulate强调长期、逐渐的堆积；gather侧重将分散 的事物聚集；collect指有目的地收集（如collect stamps) (一)单项选择(10题) 1.She accepted the invitation_,knowing she would have to cancel her original plans. A)willingly B)unwillingly C)hopeful D)careless 2.You should others for their mistakes if you want to maintain good relationships A)forgive B)excuse C)pardon D)forget 3.The_opening ceremony of the Olympics left a deep impression on the audience A)grand B)magnificent C)small D)simple 4.the noise,she continued to focus on her studies A)In B)On C)In the midst of D)At the middle of 5.His poor made it difficult for him to read small print. A)sight B)vision C)view D)scene 6.The artist drew from the beautiful scenery of the countryside. A)inspiration B)inspire C)inspiring D)inspired 7.The_of garbage in the street has become a serious environmental problem. A)accumulate B)accumulation C)accumulative D)accumulating 8.Over the years,she has_a lot of experience in teaching English A)gathered B)collected C)accumulated D)assembled 9.The teacher'swords encouraged the students to work harder. A)inspire B)inspiration C)inspiring D)inspired 10.We are now living_a technological revolution that changes our daily lives. A)in the midst of B)in middle of C)midst D)middle (二)根据提示补全句子(8题) 1.He was_(willing的反义词)to admit his mistake in front of the class. 2.After the argument,,she found it hard to_(forgive的名词形式)him. 3.The palace was decorated_(grand的副词形式)for the royal wedding. 4.The team showed great courage_(midst的固定搭配)difficulties 5.The architect presented a clear_(vision的动词形式)of the new city plan. 6.The_(inspiration的动词形式)speech moved everyone to tears. 7.The_(accumulate的名词形式)of wealth requires patience and wisdom. &.She has_(accumulate的过去分词)enough money to buy a new car. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.She a the gift unwillingly,as she didn't want to hurt his feelings. 2.It's important to fothers for their small mistakes to keep friendships. 3.The Great Wall is known for its garchitecture and historical significance. 4.In the mof the storm,the villagers helped each other stay safe 5.Regular eye exams are necessary to protect your v 6.The poet found i in the beauty of nature and wrote many famous poems. 7.The a of snow on the road made driving dangerous. 8.He has aa large collection of stamps from around the world over 10 years. 9.The company aims to i its employees to innovate and take risks. 10.The m_of the crowd made it hard to see the stage clearly. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BAA C B AB CC A 解析1（第1题）： 考查unwilling]y的用法。根据句意”她知道必须取消原计划，所以不情愿地接受了邀 请”，nwillingly表示”不情愿地”，符合语境；willingly表示”愿意地”，与句意相反； hopeful和careless不符合语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题）： 考查forgive的用法。forgive表示”原凉；宽恕”，符合句意”如果你想维持良好关系，就 应该原谅别人的错误”；excuse强调对小过失的原谅；pardon较正式；forget表示”忘 记”，均不符合语境，故选A。 解析3（第4题）： 考查midst的固定搭配。in the midst of表示”在…中间；在…过程中，符合句意” 在噪音中，她继续专注于学习；其他选项不符合固定搭配，故选C。 2.补全句子答案： 1.unwilling 2.forgiveness 3.grandly 4.in the midst of 5.visualize 6.inspiring 7.accumula- tion 8.accumulated 3.首字母填空答案： 1.accepted 2.forgive 3.grand 4.midst 5.vision 6.inspiration 7.accumulation 8.accumu- lated 9.inspire 10.midst 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第二册·Unit4 Perseverance and Success-Reading Acively