Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·重庆大学版·Unit4 Space Exploration-Readi ngFurther 一、重点单词详解 1:understandably 一、核心考点 词性：副词(adv.) 核心义：adv.可理解地；难怪 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：understand(v.理解) 形容词：nderstandable/,Anda'standabl/(adj.可理解的；能懂的) 副词：nderstandably（由nderstandable+-y构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 副词(understandably) 置于句首或句中，修饰整个句子或形容词、动词 Understandably,she was upset by the news..(难怪她被这个消息弄得心烦意乱。) He was understandably nervous before the exam.(他考试前紧张，这是可以理解的。) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：understandably侧重”合乎情理地”，naturally侧重”自然地 Understandably,he refused the offer.(情理之中，他拒绝了提议。) Naturally,.plants need sunlight..(植物自然需要阳光。) 2:tendency 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.倾向；趋势；偏好 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：tend(i.倾向；趋向) 名词：tendency(由tend+-ency构成，表性质、状态) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(tendency) have a tendency to do sth.(有做某事的倾向) the tendency towards sth.(…的趋势) show a tendency(表现出倾向) a growing tendency(日益增长的趋势) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：tendency指”长期、内在的倾向”，trend指”社会或事物发展的趋势 She has a tendency to talk too much.(她有爱说话的毛病。) The trend of prices is upwards.(物价有上涨趋势。) 3:benefit from 、核心考点 词性：短语(phrase) 核心义：phrase从…中获益；受益于 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：benefit（n.益处；v.使受益) 名词：benefit（益处；福利) 动词：benefit(使受益) 短语：benefit from(由benefit动词用法扩展而来) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词短语(benefit from) sb.benefit from sth.(某人从某事中获益) sth.benefit sb.(某事使某人受益) be of benefit to sb.(对某人有益=be beneficial to sb.) for the benefit of(为了…的利益) 四、拓展用法 被动语态：sb.be benefited from sth.（较少使用，主动语态更常见) Students have benefited a lot from online courses.(学生从网课中获益良多。) 4:preposition 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.介词 二、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：pose(v.放置；摆放) 前缀：pIre-（在…之前) 复合含义：pIe(前)+pos(放)+-ition→”放在（名词）前面的词”即”介词” 三、用法与常见搭配 名词（preposition） a preposition of time/place(时间/地点介词) use a preposition(使用介词) prepositions followed by gerunds(接动名词的介词，如be good at doing) 四、拓展用法 常见易混介词：i/on/at(时间、地点)：by/with/through(方式) She arrived at5o'clock.(时间点用at) He writes with a pen..(工具用with) 5:prediction 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.预言；预测；预报 巴、 构词法（词性转换） 词根：predict(v.预言；预测) 形容词：predictable /prI'drktabl/(adj.可预测的) 副词：predictably/pr'drktabli/(ad.可预测地) 名词：prediction(由predict+-ion构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 名词(prediction) make a prediction(做预测) the prediction about/for sth.(关于…的预测) come true prediction(应验的预言) 动词(predict) predict sth.(预测某事) predict that.（预测…) predict sb.to do sth.(预测某人做某事) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：prediction指”基于分析的预测”，forecast尤指”天气、经济等的预报 The prediction of rain was accurate.(下雨的预测很准。) The weather forecast says it will snow tomorrow.(天气预报说明天有雪。) 6:forecast 一、 核心考点 词性：动词/名词(v.m.) 核心义：v.m.预报；预测：预报 、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：forecast(过去式/过去分词：forecast或forecasted) 名词：forecast（与动词同形) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词(forecast) forecast sth.(预报某事，如weather/economy) forecast that..（预测…) forecast for sth.(对…的预报) 名词(forecast) a weather/.economic forecast(天气/经济预报) make a forecast(做预报) according to the forecast(根据预报) 四、拓展用法 词义辨析：forecast强调”官方或专业的预报”，predict更通用 The weatherman forecast rain for tomorrow.(气象员预报明天有雨。) Experts predict a rise in unemployment..（专家预测失业率会上升。) 7:technological 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.技术的；工艺的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：technology /tek'nplad3i/(n.技术；科技) 形容词：technological(由technology去y变i+-cal构成) 名词：technologist/tek'npled3rst/(n.技术专家) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(technological) technological development/progress(技术发展/进步) technological innovation(技术创新) a technological revolution(科技革命) 名词(technology) information technology(信息技术IT) high technology(高科技) develop new technology(研发新技术) 四、拓展用法 派生词：tech(n.技术，口语缩写)；technical(adj.技术的，侧重”技能、工艺) technological强调”科技层面”，technical强调？专业技能层面 technological breakthrough(技术突破) technical support(技术支持) 8:adaptive 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.适应的；有适应能力的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：adapt(v.适应；改编) 名词：adaptation/,edep'ter/(n.适应；改编本) 形容词：adaptive(由adapt+-ive构成，表有…性质的) 三、用法与常见搭配 形容词(adaptive) adaptive ability(适应能力) adaptive behavior(适应行为) adaptive to sth.（对…适应的) 动词(adapt) adapt to sth.(适应某事) adapt oneself to(使自己适应) adapt sth.for sth.（为…改编某物) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：adaptive侧重”主动适应的能力”，adaptable侧重？可被适应的 Dolphins have adaptive skills in water.(海豚在水中有适应能力。) This material is adaptable to different climates.(这种材料能适应不同气候。) 9:adapt 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v适应；改编；改写 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：adapt(原形) 形容词：adaptable/'daeptobl/（adj.可适应的；能改编的) 名词：adaptation(适应；改编本) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(adapt) adapt to+n./doing（适应…) adapt sth.from sth.(根据…改编某物) adapt for(为…改编) be adapted into(被改编成，如电影、戏剧) 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.She was_upset when she heard the bad news A)understandably B)naturally C)gradually D)suddenly 2.There is a growing_for people to work from home instead of offices. A)trend B)tendency C)fashion D)style 3.Students can_online courses in many ways. A)benefit from B)result from C)suffer from D)learn from 4.Which of the following is aof time? A)quickly B)under C)yesterday D)at 5.The weathersays it will rain heavily tomorrow. A)prediction B)forecast C)announcement D)warning 6.development has changed the way we communicate A)Technical B)Technological C)Technologist D)Tech 7.Animals in the desert haveskills to survive extreme heat. A)adaptive B)adaptable C)adapted D)adaptation 8.It took her a long time toto the new school life A)adopt B)adjust C)adapt D)admit 9.He has a to interrupt others when they are speaking. A)habit B)tendency C)custom D)hobby 10.According to the_,house prices will rise by 5%next year. A)prediction B)forecast C)plan D)schedule (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.She was_(understand)nervous before the interview. 2.There is a(tend)for children to prefer sweet food. 3.We all (benefit)from the teacher's patient explanation. 4.In”and”on”are examples of_(preposition) 5.The scientist made a(predict)about climate change. 6.The weatherman_(forecast)snow for next week. 7.This is a(technology)problem that requires expert help 8.Dolphins'(adapt)to water is amazing. 9.She needs to(adapt)herself to living alone. 10.The book was_(adapt)into a popular movie last year. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.U he missed the train because of the heavy traffic. 2.She has a t to stay up late studying 3.Regular exercise is of bto our health 4."At"is a p used to indicate specific time. 5.The economic psuggests a recovery next quarter. 6.According to the weather f,it will be sunny tomorrow 7.Tinnovation has led to the invention of smartphones. 8.Plants have afeatures to survive in dry conditions. 9.It's important to a to new environments quickly. 10.The company's success b_from its innovative products. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A BA DB B A C B A 2.补全句子答案： 1.understandably 2.tendency 3.benefit 4.prepositions 5.prediction 6.forecast/forecasted 7. technological 8.adaptation 9.adapt 10.adapted 3.首字母填空答案： 1.Understandably 2.tendency 3.benefit 4.preposition 5.prediction 6.forecast 7.Techno- logical 8.adaptive 9.adapt 10.benefits 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit4 Space Exploration-Reading Further