Unit 5 Natural Disasters-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 必修第二册·重庆大学版·Unit5 NaturalDisasters-ReadingFurt her 一、重点单词详解 1:disaster-prone 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.易受灾的；多发灾害的 二、构词法（词性转换） 合成词：disaster(n.灾难)+prone(adj.易于…的) 名词：disaster(灾难) 副词：disaster--prone(无直接副词形式，需用短语表达) 三、用法与常见搭配 作定语：a disaster--prone area（易受灾地区) 作表语：The region is disaster-prone.(这个地区易受灾) 四、拓展用法 派生词：disaster-proneness(n.易受灾性) 五、作文高级句型 Measures should be taken to protect people living in disaster-prone regions from frequent natural disasters. 2:predict 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.预测；预报；预言 构词法（词性转换） 词根：dict(说) 名词：prediction(预测，由predict+-ion构成) 形容词：predictable(可预测的，predict+-able) 副词：predictably(可预测地，predictable+-ly) 三、 用法与常见搭配 及物动词：predict the future（预测未来) predict a result(预测结果) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：predict强调根据已知信息推断；forecast尤指对天气、经济等的预报 五、作文高级句型 It is difficult to predict how climate change will affect our lives in the long term 3:evacuate 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.疏散；撤离；撤出 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：evacuation（疏散， evacuate +-ion) 三、用法与常见搭配 evacuate sb.from sp..(从某地疏散某人) evacuate to sp.(撤离到某地) 、四、拓展用法 被动语态：be evacuated(被疏散) 五、作文高级句型 Residents were ordered to evacuate the area before the hurricane arived. 4:donate 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.捐赠；捐献；赠予 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：donation（捐赠物，donate+-ion) 名词：donor(捐赠者，don+-or) 三、 用法与常见搭配 donate sth.tosb./p.(向某人/某地捐赠某物) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：donate强调自愿捐赠；contribute侧重贡献、捐献（不一定是财物） 五、作文高级句型 Many people donated money and supplies to the victims of the earthquake. 5:rebuild 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v.重建；改建；重新组装 二、 构词法（词性转换） 名词：reconstruction（重建，1re+construction) 三、 用法与常见搭配 rebuild sth.(重建某物) rebuild one's life(重建生活) 四、拓展用法 过去式过去分词：rebuilt(rebuild的特殊变形) 五、作文高级句型 After the war,the country began to rebuild its economy and infrastructure. 6:affect 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.影响：使改变；（感情上）深深打动 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：effect(影响，与affect为同根词，词性不同) 形容词：affective(情感的，affect+-ive) 三、用法与常见搭配 affect sb./sth.(影响某人/某物) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：affect为动词；effect为名词，常用搭配have an effect on 五、作文高级句型 Pollution can affect people's health in many negative ways 7:response 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.回应；反应；响应 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：respond(回应，response的动词形式) 形容词：responsive(响应的，respond+-ive) 三、用法与常见搭配 in1 esponse to(作为对…的回应) make a response(作出回应) 四、拓展用法 固定短语：response rate(响应率) 五、作文高级句型 The government's response to the crisis was widely criticized by the public. 8:recovery 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.恢复；康复；复原 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词：recover(恢复，recovery的动词形式) 形容词：recoverable(可恢复的，recover+-able) 三、用法与常见搭配 recovery from sth.（从.中恢复) economic recovery (经济复苏) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：recovery侧重恢复的过程或状态；1 estoration强调修复到原来的样子 五、作文高级句型 The patient's recovery was slow but steady after the operation. 9:volunteer 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(v.) 核心义：n.志愿者；义务工作者v.自愿做；义务做 、 构词法（词性转换） 形容词：voluntary（自愿的，volunteer的形容词形式) 副词：voluntarily（自愿地，voluntary+-ly) 三、用法与常见搭配 volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事) as a volunteer(作为志愿者) 四、拓展用法 名词复数：volunteers(志愿者们) 五、作文高级句型 Thousands of volunteers helped in the relief work after the flood. 10:restore 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：v恢复；修复；复原 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：restoration(修复，1 estore+-ation) 形容词：restored(被修复的，restore的过去分词作形容词) 三、用法与常见搭配 restore sth.to sth.(把某物恢复到某种状态) restore order(恢复秩序) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：restore强调恢复原样；recover侧重身体或健康的恢复 五、作文高级句型 Efforts are being made to restore the old temple to its original beauty. 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.This region is highly_due to its location near the earthquake zone A)disaster-prone B)predict C)evacuate D)donate 2.Scientists are trying to the path of the upcoming typhoon A)affect B)predict C)rebuild D)restore 3.All residents were forced to the village before the flood arrived. A)evacuate B)donate C)response D)recovery 4.Many people food and clothes to the homeless after the storm. A)restored B)rebuilt C)donated D)predicted 5.It will take years to the city after the devastating earthquake A)evacuate B)rebuild C)affect D)volunteer 6.The change in climate has seriously_agricultural production in this area. A)responded B)donated C)affected D)restored 7.The government's quick-to the crisis saved many lives. A)response B)recovery C)donation D)prediction 8.The patient's from the illness was faster than expected. A)restoration B)evacuation C)recovery D)volunteer 9.She decided to_at the local hospital during the summer vacation A)volunteer B)donate C)evacuate D)predict 10.Efforts are being made to the old bridge to its original condition. A)rebuild B)restore C)affect D)recover (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The(predict)of the storm's path was accurate. 2.Thousands of people needed(evacuate)from the flood-stricken area. 3.We appreciate all the(donate)from the public 4.The city's(rebuild)after the war took more than a decade 5.Her_(respond)to the emergency was calm and effective 6.The(recover)of the ecosystem will take a long time. 7.He made a(volunteer)to help clean up the park 8.The-(restore)of the ancient temple was completed last year. 9.The area's_(disaster-prone)makes it necessary to build stronger houses. 10.The(affect)of the policy on the economy is still unclear. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.Many countries are d-prone due to climate change 2.Can you pwhether it will rain tomorrow? 3.People were ordered to e the building immediately 4.They plan to d money to the children's charity. 5.It's important to r hope after a natural disaster. 6.The new policy will a all citizens in this country. 7.We need a quick r to the customer's complaint. 8.His full r from the injury allowed him to return to work 9.She is a vat the animal shelter every weekend. 10.The team worked hard to r the damaged paintings. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：A B A CB C ACA B 解析1（第1题）： 考查disaster--prone的用法。disaster-prone表示”易受灾的”，符合句意”这个地区由于靠 近地震带而极易受灾”；predict表示”预测”，evacuate表示”疏散”，donate表示”捐赠”， 均不符合语境，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查predict的用法。predict表示预测”，符合句意”科学家正在尝试预测即将到来的 台风路径；affect表示”影响”，rebuild表示”重建”，restore表示恢复，均不符合语 境，故选B。 解析3（第3题）： 考查evacuate的用法。evacuate表示”疏散”，符合句意”所有居民被迫在洪水到来前撤 离村庄；donate表示”捐赠”，response表示”回应”，recovery表示恢复”，均不符合语 境，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.prediction 2.evacuation 3.donations 4.rebuilding 5.response 6.recovery 7.volunteer 8. restoration 9.disaster-proneness 10.effect 3.首字母填空答案： 1.disaster 2.predict 3.evacuate 4.donate 5.rebuild 6.affect 7.response 8.recovery 9.vol- unteer 10.restore 英语词汇复习手册·必修第二册·Unit5 Natural Disasters-Reading Further