Unit 5 History and the World-Reading Further-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册期末词汇复习（重大版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第四册·重庆大学版·Unit5 Historyandthe World-.Re adingFurther 一、重点单词详解 1:employer 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n) 核心义：n.雇主；老板 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：employ(v.雇佣；使用) 名词：employer(由employ+-er构成，表”动作执行者”) 名词：employee/r'ploi:/(n.雇员；由employ+-ee构成，表”动作承受者) 名词：employment/m'plommont/(n.就业；雇佣；由employ+-ment构成) 形容词：employable/m'plorabl/(adj.可雇佣的；具备受雇条件的) 三、用法与常见搭配 动词(employ) employ sb.as(雇佣某人为…) employ sth.to do sth.（使用某物做某事) be employed in doing sth.(忙于做某事) 名词（employer). employer and employee(雇主与雇员) a fair employer(公正的雇主) 名词(employment) get/find employment（找到工作) lose employment(失业) in employment(在就业中) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：employer侧重”雇佣方”；boss口语化，侧重？上级、老板”；manager侧重， 管理者” 写作替换：形容”好雇主”可用considerate employer(体贴的雇主)、responsible employer (负责任的雇主) 2:anniversary 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.周年纪念日 二、构词法（词汇变形） 词源：源自拉丁语anniversarius(annual+versus,”每年转向”) 形容词：annual/'enjuel/（ad.每年的；年度的) 副词：annually/cenjusli/(adv.每年地) 三、用法与常见搭配 基础用法 wedding anniversary(结婚周年纪念日) company anniversary（公司周年庆) on the anniversary of sth.(在某事的周年纪念日) 序数词搭配 1st anniversary=first anniversary(一周年) 25 th anniversary=silver anniversary（银婚，25周年) 50 th anniversary=golden anniversa1y（金婚，50周年) 动词搭配 celebrate an anniversary(庆祝周年纪念日) mark an anniversary(纪念周年纪念日) 四、拓展用法 名词复数：anniversaries(以”辅音+y”结尾，变y为i+es) 写作场景：描述家庭活动或社会事件时可用，如They held a party to celebrate their 10th wedding anniversary." 3:advanced 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.先进的；高级的；晚期的 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：advance /ad'vans/(v.前进；推进；n.进步；预付款) 动词：advance(v.前进；提出；提前) 名词：advance(n.进展；预付款) 形容词：advanced(由advance+-ed构成) 副词：advancedly /ad'va:nsti/(adv.高级地；先进地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 ”先进的”含义 advanced technology(先进技术) advanced equipment(先进设备) advanced ideas(先进理念) ”高级的”含义 advanced level(高级水平) advanced course(高级课程) advanced students(高年级学生) ”晚期的”含义 advanced cancer(晚期癌症) advanced age(高龄) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：advanced侧重'超越一般水平”；progressive侧重”逐步发展的”；developed 侧重”已发展完成的” 反义词：elementary/,elr'mentri/(基础的)、basic/bersik/（基本的) 写作替换：形容科技时可用cutting-.edge（尖端的)替换advanced,如”cutting-edge technology" 4:storage 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.储存；存储；仓库 二、构词法（词性转换） 词根：store/sto:)/(v.储存；n.商店；储备) 动词：store/sto:)/(v.储存；存放) 名词：storage(由store+-age构成，表”行为或状态) 形容词：stored/sto:d/(adj.储存的；存放的) 三、用法与常见搭配 ”储存？含义 in storage(储存中) cold storage(冷藏) data storage(数据存储) ”仓库”含义 a storage room(储藏室) a storage facility(存储设施) 动词搭配 put sth.into storage(把某物存入仓库) keep sth.in storage(把某物存放起来) 四、拓展用法 不可数名词：泛指储存”时不可数，如We need more storage space.”;特指”仓库”时 可数（较少见） 科技领域扩展：cloud storage(云存储)、memory storage(内存存储) 5:native 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.)、名词(n.) 核心义：adj.本地的；土著的；n.本地人；本国人 一、 构词法（词汇变形） 名词：nativity /ne'trvati/(n.出生；诞生) 副词：natively/'nertrvli/(adv.生来地；天然地) 三、 用法与常见搭配 形容词用法 native language（母语) native place(故乡；出生地) native species(本地物种) 名词用法 a native of Beijing(北京本地人) natives and foreigners(本地人和外国人) 固定搭配 be native to（原产于…；是…的本地物种) go native（入乡随俗；变得像当地人一样) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：native强调出生地的”；local强调居住地的”，如”a local restaurant?(当 地餐馆) 写作注意：指？”母语'时，native language=mother tongue,避免重复使用 6:attack 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.)、名词(n.) 核心义：vn.攻击；袭击；抨击；进攻 二、构词法（词汇变形） 形容词：attacking/月'taek/(adj.攻击性的；进攻的) 名词：attacker/teka()/(n.攻击者；袭击者) 三、 用法与常见搭配 动词用法 attack sb./sth.（攻击某人/某物) be attacked by（被…攻击) attack with sth.(用某物攻击) 名词用法 make/launch an attack on（对…发动攻击) come under attack(受到攻击) a heart attack(心脏病发作) 抽象含义（抨击） attack a policy(抨击一项政策) a personal attack（人身攻击) 四、拓展用法 动词时态：过去式/过去分词attacked(规则变化) 词义辨析：attack泛指各种攻击；assault/a'slt/侧重”暴力袭击”；offend /a'fend/侧重” 冒犯、得罪” 7:awkward 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：adj.令人尴尬的；笨拙的；棘手的 二、构词法（词汇变形） 副词：awkwardly/'o:kwedli/(adv.笨拙地；尴尬地) 名词：awkwardness/':kwadness/(n.尴尬；笨拙) 三、用法与常见搭配 ”令人尴尬的”含义 an awkward situation(尴尬的局面) feel awkward(感到尴尬) awkward silence(尴尬的沉默) ”笨拙的”含义 an awkward person(笨拙的人) move awkwardly(动作笨拙) ”棘手的”含义 an awkward problem(棘手的问题) awkward questions（难回答的问题) 四、拓展用法 近义词辨析：awkward侧重”不自然、难处理”；embarrassing /Im'ber3s/侧重”使人难 堪”；clumsy/kmzi/侧重”肢体不灵活” 写作场景：描述社交或问题解决时可用，如He tried to explain but only made the situation more awkward." 8:convince 一、核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：V.说服；使确信：使信服 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：convinced /ken'nst/(adj.确信的；信服的) 形容词：convincing /kan'msm四/(adj.有说服力的；令人信服的) 名词：conviction/kan'vk/ 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The company provides training programs for its_to improve their skills A)employers B)employees C)employments D)employables 2.We will hold a big party to celebrate our school's 50th_ A)anniversary B)annual C)annually D)anniversaries 3.This new factory uses_technology to reduce energy consumption. A)advanced B)advancing C)advance D)advancely 4.All the old books have been put into because we need more space in the office. A)store B)storing C)storage D)stored 5.As a_of Paris,she knows all the best restaurants in the city. A)native B)local C)national D)natural 6.The soldiers launched a sudden_on the enemy's camp at midnight A)attacker B)attack C)attacking D)attacked 7.He felt_when he realized he had forgotten his friend's birthday. A)awkward B)embarrassing C)clumsy D)convinced 8.It took me hours tomy parents to let me study abroad. A)convince B)conviction C)convincing D)convinced 9.The age of the participants in the competition is over 60. A)advanced B)annual C)native D)awkward 10.Cloud has made it easier for people to access their data anywhere. A)store B)storage C)storing D)stored (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The company's_(employ)policy focuses on equal opportunities for all. 2.They celebrated their 25th wedding(anniversary)with a trip to Hawaii. 3.The(advance)of AI technology has changed many industries. 4.We need to find a better way for the(store)of these fragile items 5.She speaks English(native)because she grew up in the US 6.The(attack)was arrested by the police within 24 hours 7.His(awkward)in social situations made him avoid parties. 8.Her_(convince)argument won the support of most people 9.-(annual)meetings are held every January to discuss the company's plans. 10.The_(employ)rate has increased by 2%compared to last year. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The e is responsible for paying the employees'salaries on time. 2.We usually have a family dinner on the aof my grandparents'marriage 3.This course is designed for students with an a level of English. 4.The old furniture is kept in suntil we move to the new house. 5.Pandas are n to China and can't be found in the wild elsewhere. 6.The president's new policy came under afrom the opposition party. 7.It was an a moment when no one knew how to answer the teacher's question. 8.She tried to chim that the plan would work,but he refused to listen. 9.The company's a report shows a 15%increase in profits this year. 10.With the development of technology,data shas become more secure and efficient. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BAA CA B AAAB 2.补全句子答案： 1.employment 2.anniversary 3.advance 4.storage 5.natively 6.attacker 7.awkwardness 8. convincing 9.Annual 10.employment 3.首字母填空答案： 1.employer 2.anniversary 3.advanced 4.storage 5.native 6.attack 7.awkward 8.convince 9.annual 10.storage 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第四册·Unit5 History and the World-Reading Further