话题02 做人与做事（综合训练）（北京专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

话题02 做人与做事 （完形填空、阅读单选、阅读表达） （考试时间：50分钟 试卷满分：44分） 一、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course (障碍赛赛道) race. “I can’t wait to ride Piper,” Serena told Rose, her coach. Rose smiled and said, “Sorry, but we need to save Piper for our newer 1 this year. She’s one of the best-behaved horses. How about you try riding Harley?” Serena felt 2 and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears. “I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to 3 ,” Serena told Rose. “Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” Serena decided that it was time for a fresh 4 . “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley 5 . After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around the ring so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions. Soon, Serena and Harley made progress together as their confidence in each other 6 . By the end of the first week, they had completed the obstacle course together. On the final day of the camp was the bag race. Serena confidently climbed onto Harley. Harley, 7 the excitement of the day, ran through the course like a madman and easily won. The other horses were just no match for Harley. Rose handed Serena the winner’s trophy with a wink (眨眼). Serena suddenly realized that Rose had wanted her to 8 herself to be a better rider, even though she would have had a nice time with Piper. Serena gave Rose a hug and then took the trophy, and a carrot, over to Harley. 1．A．leaders B．riders C．climbers D．drivers 2．A．stupid B．disappointed C．comfortable D．lucky 3．A．refuse B．raise C．cheat D．control 4．A．answer B．memory C．start D．topic 5．A．angrily B．softly C．curiously D．sadly 6．A．fell B．returned C．grew D．remained 7．A．sensing B．breaking C．hiding D．spreading 8．A．advise B．accept C．choose D．challenge 二、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） A When I was young, flowers filled my mom’s garden each spring. I never thought that Mom had done much about them behind the scenes (在幕后), until she shared her secret with me. One day last November, Mom and I spent a whole morning planting flower bulbs. I dropped one in each hole and covered it over with soil. My fingers were numb (麻木的) by the time we finished. However, the ground looked just as flower bulb empty and flat as it had been before. Then Mom told me to wait. I didn’t only wait—I watched. I watched hopefully all through the winter... On the last day of April, I went outside to find the garden full of colorful flowers. Our hard work paid off. “My boy, tomorrow morning,” Mom said, “we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep.” “What?” I almost cried. “Are we selling our flowers?” “Of course not,” she said excitedly. “In fact, nobody will even know they’re from us. We’ll leave them at our neighbors’ as a surprise. Doesn’t that sound fun?” “To me, it doesn’t sound fun at all” I replied unwillingly. “They’re our flowers. We should keep them for ourselves!” “Flowers are like kindness,” Mom said. “Their beauty is meant to be shared.” Early the next morning, Mom woke me up. We brought the baskets and stopped near the first house. I took one basket, set it by the doorstep and rang the bell. Then we quickly ran away, ducked behind the trees and waited. Finally, the door opened. A man came out, looking surprised. He picked up the flower basket and then smiled. Mom hugged me. I got a good feeling inside. Now I knew what she meant about beauty sharing. I couldn’t wait to get to the next house. By the time we got home, I was grinning (咧着嘴笑) from ear to ear. The garden was empty, but my heart was full. 9．How did the writer feel when he watched the garden during the winter? A．Empty. B．Excited. C．Hopeful. D．Bored. 10．What happened to the baskets of flowers in the end? A．They were sold for pocket money. B．They were given to the neighbors. C．They were collected for recycling. D．They were put up on a flower show. 11．What made the writer’s heart full? A．The joy of spreading kindness. B．The excitement of growing flowers. C．The honor of helping people in need. D．The happiness of getting close to nature. B Think of the smartest person you know. What makes them smart? What good qualities do they have? All cultures think wisdom is important, but not all cultures have the same idea or what it is. For some, being smart is the main thing, while others think being kind to others is very important. In some cultures, you need to have a spiritual part to be thought of as wise. Are there any parts of wisdom that all cultures can agree on? A group of 34 researchers from all over the world, all eager to find out the secrets of wisdom, got together to study “How people in twelve countries on five continents see wisdom”. The study found two things that everyone thought were related to (与…有关) wisdom. The first quality a wise person must have is “socio-emotional awareness”. This is about the ability to understand others’ point of view and really care about their thoughts and feelings. However, this person must also have the second quality: “reflective orientation”, which is about using logic (逻辑) and past experience to make judgement. If you just do things because of your feelings and don’t think before you act, then people probably won’t think you are wise. So, if you want to be wise, learn to both keep yourself cool and put yourself in others’ shoes. But, although this study helps us make a more common idea of wisdom, the world is big and cultures are very different. In The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom, the writers make an apple pie example, comparing the pie to wisdom. Imagine your grandma makes your favorite apple pie—she stands for the kind of wisdom you think is the best. Now, imagine you take this apple pie to the Amazon rainforest, where apples don’t grow. For the locals, the pie isn’t as good as their own traditional desserts; they have been used to different tastes and things in their food, just as different cultures have developed their own wisdom traditions. In the end, how wisdom is felt, shared, and valued depends on cultural backgrounds, and these cultural differences enrich the world’s understanding of wisdom, making it more colorful. 12．According to the passage, what can we know about the qualities related to wisdom? A．Socio-emotional awareness and reflective orientation are important. B．Smart thoughts and kind feelings are thought to be necessary qualities. C．Reflective orientation is the key ability to care about what others think. D．A spiritual part and using logic are necessary to deeply understand others. 13．What can we learn from the passage? A．Everyone can easily become wise by just learning two qualities. B．Different cultures may have different understandings of wisdom. C．Wisdom is understood exactly the same way in most countries. D．Traditional apple pie is a popular dessert around the world 14．What is the passage mainly about? A．Different backgrounds and colorful wisdom. B．The importance of wisdom in different cultures. C．A research on different understanding of wisdom. D．Common idea of wisdom and its cultural differences. C Science shows that helping others can make you feel good, too. The key is to find the way that works for you. There’s a Chinese saying that goes: If you want happiness for an hour, take a nap. If you want happiness for a day, go fishing. If you want happiness for a year, inherit a fortune (继承财产). If you want happiness for a lifetime, help somebody. For thousands of years, the greatest thinkers have suggested the same thing: Happiness is found in helping others. Scientific research provides compelling (有说服力的) data to support the idea that helping others may be the secret to living a life that is happier, healthier and more productive and meaningful. Giving can feel great. And as we learn early, it’s better to give than to receive. Plus, the more you give, the more you stand to gain purpose, meaning and happiness. Find your passion (热情). It’s not how much you give. It’s how much love you put into giving. You might care about one cause more than others, and that’s okay. Support the cause that feels right for you. Give your time. The gift of time is often more valuable to the receiver and more satisfying to the giver than the gift of money. We don’t all have the same amount of money, but we all have time. We can give some of this time to help others—whether a few hours each day, or a few days each year. Give to groups with clear goals (目标). Michael Norton, a professor at Harvard Business School in Massachusetts, says “giving to a group that specifies (说明) what they’re going to do with your money or service leads to more happiness.” Don’t forget about yourself. Psychologist Adam Grant advises giving to others, but keeping your personal and emotional (情感的) needs in mind. You matter too! 15．According to this passage, what may cause a person to get happiness for a lifetime? A．Taking a nap. B．Going fishing. C．Inheriting a fortune. D．Helping somebody. 16．According to Michael Norton, ________. A．the more you give, the more happiness you will have B．you should give your time to help others instead of money C．you should keep your personal and emotional needs in mind D．you should give your money or service to groups with clear goals 17．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Give Your Time B．A Chinese Saying C．Help Others, Help Yourself D．Keep Your Needs in Mind D I’m sorry, Mr. Brown. Let me tell you why that idea may fail you. I know people who graduated at 21 and didn’t get a job until they were 27. I know people who graduated late at 25 and they found work immediately. I know people who never went to university but found what they love at 18. I know people who found a job straight out of college making much money but hate what they do. I know people who took gap years and found their purposes. I know people who were so sure about what they were going to do at 16, but they changed their minds at 26. So my point is everything in life happens according to our time, our clock. You may look at some of your friends and think that they’re ahead of you. Maybe some of them you feel are behind. But everything happens at their own pace (速度). They have their own time and clock and so do you. Be patient. It took till 32 for J. K. Rowling to be published for Harry Potter. Ortega set up Zara when he was 39. Morgan Freeman got his big break (机遇) at 52. Steve Carell only got his break after 40 years old. Virgin was started by Richard Branson at 34. Getting your degree (学位) after 25 is still an achievement. Not being married at 30 but still happy is beautiful. Starting a family after 35 is still possible. And buying a house after 40 is still great. Don’t let anyone rush you with their time lines. As Einstein said, “Not everything that counts can be counted and not everything that’s counted truly counts.” And this is the most important thing. I want you to be able to have meaningful, purposeful and fulfilling (让人感觉有意义的) lives for yourselves, and learn how to use that to make a difference in the lives of others. That will be the true success. 18．The underlined “idea” may be the thought that ________. A．buying a house after 40 is great B．getting a job after 35 is wonderful C．starting a family after 30 is a shame D．getting a degree after 25 is an achievement 19．The speaker gives so many examples of famous people in order to ________. A．tell listeners that they are too old to achieve success B．wish listeners to admire their wealthy but busy lives C．ask listeners to keep their own pace of life and be patient D．show listeners that they would never know what the true success is 20．Which is TRUE according to the speech? A．Getting your degree before 25 is still an achievement. B．Everything in life happens according to one clock. C．Remember to look at someone and think they are behind. D．Enjoy your meaningful life and make a difference in others’ as well. 21．The speech may make the listeners think life is full of ________. A．danger B．hope C．fear D．surprise 三、任务型阅读（第1-2题每题2分，第3题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 One Step towards Changing the World You may have heard this story, but I find that it doesn’t hurt to be reminded of it every once in a while. First, let me tell you the story, and then we can talk about it. Once upon a time, there was an old man who used to go to the ocean to do his writing. He had a habit of walking on the beach every morning before he began his work. Early one morning, he was walking along the shore after a big storm had passed and found the beach covered with starfish as far as the eye could see, stretching in both directions. starfish Off in the distance, the old man noticed a small boy approaching. As the boy walked, he paused every so often and as he grew closer, the man could see that he was occasionally bending down to pick up an object and throw it into the sea. The boy came closer still and the man called out, “Good morning! May I ask what it is that you are doing?” The young boy paused, looked up, and replied “Throwing starfish into the ocean. The tide has washed them up onto the beach and they can’t return to the sea by themselves,” the youth replied. “When the sun gets high, they will die, unless I throw them back into the water.” The old man replied, “But there must be tens of thousands of starfish on this beach. I’m afraid you won’t really be able to make much of a difference.” The boy bent down, picked up yet another starfish and threw it as far as he could into the ocean. Then he turned, smiled and said, “It made a difference to that one!” We all have the opportunity to help create positive change, but if you’re like me, you sometimes find yourself thinking, “I’m already really busy, and how much of a difference can I really make?” I think this is especially true when we’re talking about addressing massive social problems like tackling world hunger or finding a cure for cancer, but it pops up all of the time in our everyday lives, as well. So when I catch myself thinking that way, it helps to remember this story. You might not be able to change the entire world, but at least you can change a small part of it, for someone. They say that one of the most common reasons we procrastinate (拖延) is because we see the challenge before us as too big or difficult to deal with, and that a good way to counter that is to break the big challenge down into smaller pieces and then take those one at a time—like one starfish at a time. And to that one starfish, it can make a world of difference. 22．What did the old man find on the beach early one morning? 23．What was the small boy doing on the beach? 24．Why did the boy do that? 25．What do you think of the boy? Why? (Please give two reasons.) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 话题02 做人与做事 （完形填空、阅读单选、阅读表达） （考试时间：50分钟 试卷满分：44分） 一、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp. Last year, Serena and her favorite horse Piper finished second in the obstacle course (障碍赛赛道) race. “I can’t wait to ride Piper,” Serena told Rose, her coach. Rose smiled and said, “Sorry, but we need to save Piper for our newer 1 this year. She’s one of the best-behaved horses. How about you try riding Harley?” Serena felt 2 and was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley, the tallest horse, but she stayed hopeful. As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off. She landed on the hard ground, her eyes filled with tears. “I’m scared of Harley, and he’s too hard to 3 ,” Serena told Rose. “Harley is in a new place with a new person on his back,” Rose explained. “I’m sure he’s pretty scared, too. But if you trust him, he will trust you.” Serena decided that it was time for a fresh 4 . “I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends,” she talked to Harley 5 . After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer. She then led Harley for a walk around the ring so that he could get used to being with her and following her directions. Soon, Serena and Harley made progress together as their confidence in each other 6 . By the end of the first week, they had completed the obstacle course together. On the final day of the camp was the bag race. Serena confidently climbed onto Harley. Harley, 7 the excitement of the day, ran through the course like a madman and easily won. The other horses were just no match for Harley. Rose handed Serena the winner’s trophy with a wink (眨眼). Serena suddenly realized that Rose had wanted her to 8 herself to be a better rider, even though she would have had a nice time with Piper. Serena gave Rose a hug and then took the trophy, and a carrot, over to Harley. 1．A．leaders B．riders C．climbers D．drivers 2．A．stupid B．disappointed C．comfortable D．lucky 3．A．refuse B．raise C．cheat D．control 4．A．answer B．memory C．start D．topic 5．A．angrily B．softly C．curiously D．sadly 6．A．fell B．returned C．grew D．remained 7．A．sensing B．breaking C．hiding D．spreading 8．A．advise B．accept C．choose D．challenge 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了Serena克服恐惧和Harley一起赢得奖杯的故事。 1．句意：抱歉，但我们得把Piper留给今年新来的骑手。 leader领导；rider骑手；climber登山者；driver司机。根据“Every summer, Serena spent two weeks at Green Farm’s horseback riding camp.”及语境可知，此处表示要把Piper留给新的骑手。故选B。 2．句意：Serena一看到那匹最高的马Harley，就感到失望和有点害怕，但她仍然抱有希望。 stupid愚蠢的；disappointed失望的；comfortable 舒服的；lucky幸运的。根据上文中的“I can’t wait to ride Piper”、下文中的“was a little scared (害怕的) at the sight of Harley”及语境可知，Serena不能骑她想骑的马，因此感到失望。故选B。 3．句意：“我害怕Harley，他太难控制了，”Serena告诉Rose。 refuse拒绝；raise升起；cheat作弊；control控制。根据上文“As she was trying to ride Harley, he went up on his back legs, throwing Serena off.”及语境可知，当Serena试图骑到Harley的背上时，Harley用后腿直立了起来，把Serena甩了下去，因此Serena觉得Harley很难控制。control“控制”符合语境。故选D。 4．句意：Serena决定是时候重新开始了。 answer回答；memory记忆；start开始；topic话题。根据下文中的“I know you’re afraid of me. We’re still strangers, and it’s up to me to make sure that we become friends”及语境可知，Serena决定重新开始。start“开始”符合语境。故选C。 5．句意：她轻声地对Harley说。 angrily生气地；softly温柔地；curiously好奇地；sadly伤心地。根据下文中的“After a while, Harley calmed (平静) down, and Serena realized that she was also feeling calmer.”及语境可知，此处表示Serena温柔地对Harley说话，过了一会儿，Harley平静了下来。故选B。 6．句意：很快，Serena和Harley一起取得了进步，他们对彼此的信心也在增强。 fell落下；returned返回；grew增加；remained保持。根据上文中的“Serena and Harley made progress together”及语境可知，Serena和Harley取得了进步，所以对彼此的信心都有所强。grew“增加”符合语境。故选C。 7．句意：Harley感受到了这一天的兴奋，他像疯子一样跑过了赛道，轻松获胜。 sensing感受；breaking打破；hiding躲藏；spreading传播。根据下文中的“ran through the course like madman and easily won”可知，此处表示Harley感受到了这天的兴奋，像疯了一样在赛道上狂奔。故选A。 8．句意：Serena突然意识到，Rose想让她挑战自己，成为一名更好的骑手，尽管她会和Piper度过一段美好的时光。 advise建议；accept接受；choose选择；challenge挑战。根据“herself to be a better rider”可知，此处指“挑战自己，成为更好的骑手”，challenge“挑战”符合语境。故选D。 二、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） A When I was young, flowers filled my mom’s garden each spring. I never thought that Mom had done much about them behind the scenes (在幕后), until she shared her secret with me. One day last November, Mom and I spent a whole morning planting flower bulbs. I dropped one in each hole and covered it over with soil. My fingers were numb (麻木的) by the time we finished. However, the ground looked just as flower bulb empty and flat as it had been before. Then Mom told me to wait. I didn’t only wait—I watched. I watched hopefully all through the winter... On the last day of April, I went outside to find the garden full of colorful flowers. Our hard work paid off. “My boy, tomorrow morning,” Mom said, “we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep.” “What?” I almost cried. “Are we selling our flowers?” “Of course not,” she said excitedly. “In fact, nobody will even know they’re from us. We’ll leave them at our neighbors’ as a surprise. Doesn’t that sound fun?” “To me, it doesn’t sound fun at all” I replied unwillingly. “They’re our flowers. We should keep them for ourselves!” “Flowers are like kindness,” Mom said. “Their beauty is meant to be shared.” Early the next morning, Mom woke me up. We brought the baskets and stopped near the first house. I took one basket, set it by the doorstep and rang the bell. Then we quickly ran away, ducked behind the trees and waited. Finally, the door opened. A man came out, looking surprised. He picked up the flower basket and then smiled. Mom hugged me. I got a good feeling inside. Now I knew what she meant about beauty sharing. I couldn’t wait to get to the next house. By the time we got home, I was grinning (咧着嘴笑) from ear to ear. The garden was empty, but my heart was full. 9．How did the writer feel when he watched the garden during the winter? A．Empty. B．Excited. C．Hopeful. D．Bored. 10．What happened to the baskets of flowers in the end? A．They were sold for pocket money. B．They were given to the neighbors. C．They were collected for recycling. D．They were put up on a flower show. 11．What made the writer’s heart full? A．The joy of spreading kindness. B．The excitement of growing flowers. C．The honor of helping people in need. D．The happiness of getting close to nature. 【答案】9．C 10．B 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和母亲一起种植花并在春天将鲜花分享给邻居的故事。通过这一经历，作者理解了“分享美丽”的意义，并感受到了传播善意的快乐。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I watched hopefully all through the winter…”可知，作者在冬天观察花园时的心情是“充满希望的”。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据“we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep”以及后文描述的行动可知，这些花最终被送给了邻居。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The garden was empty, but my heart was full.”以及前文描述作者看到邻居收到鲜花时的喜悦(“I got a good feeling inside”)可推知，让作者内心充实的是“传播善意的快乐”。故选A。 B Think of the smartest person you know. What makes them smart? What good qualities do they have? All cultures think wisdom is important, but not all cultures have the same idea or what it is. For some, being smart is the main thing, while others think being kind to others is very important. In some cultures, you need to have a spiritual part to be thought of as wise. Are there any parts of wisdom that all cultures can agree on? A group of 34 researchers from all over the world, all eager to find out the secrets of wisdom, got together to study “How people in twelve countries on five continents see wisdom”. The study found two things that everyone thought were related to (与…有关) wisdom. The first quality a wise person must have is “socio-emotional awareness”. This is about the ability to understand others’ point of view and really care about their thoughts and feelings. However, this person must also have the second quality: “reflective orientation”, which is about using logic (逻辑) and past experience to make judgement. If you just do things because of your feelings and don’t think before you act, then people probably won’t think you are wise. So, if you want to be wise, learn to both keep yourself cool and put yourself in others’ shoes. But, although this study helps us make a more common idea of wisdom, the world is big and cultures are very different. In The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom, the writers make an apple pie example, comparing the pie to wisdom. Imagine your grandma makes your favorite apple pie—she stands for the kind of wisdom you think is the best. Now, imagine you take this apple pie to the Amazon rainforest, where apples don’t grow. For the locals, the pie isn’t as good as their own traditional desserts; they have been used to different tastes and things in their food, just as different cultures have developed their own wisdom traditions. In the end, how wisdom is felt, shared, and valued depends on cultural backgrounds, and these cultural differences enrich the world’s understanding of wisdom, making it more colorful. 12．According to the passage, what can we know about the qualities related to wisdom? A．Socio-emotional awareness and reflective orientation are important. B．Smart thoughts and kind feelings are thought to be necessary qualities. C．Reflective orientation is the key ability to care about what others think. D．A spiritual part and using logic are necessary to deeply understand others. 13．What can we learn from the passage? A．Everyone can easily become wise by just learning two qualities. B．Different cultures may have different understandings of wisdom. C．Wisdom is understood exactly the same way in most countries. D．Traditional apple pie is a popular dessert around the world 14．What is the passage mainly about? A．Different backgrounds and colorful wisdom. B．The importance of wisdom in different cultures. C．A research on different understanding of wisdom. D．Common idea of wisdom and its cultural differences. 【答案】12．A 13．B 14．D 【导语】本文通过全球研究揭示智慧的两种普遍品质（社会情感意识和反思导向），同时以文化差异（如苹果派比喻）说明智慧理解的多样性，最终强调文化背景对智慧认知的影响。 12．细节理解题。根据“The study found two things that everyone thought were related to (与…有关) wisdom.”和“The first quality a wise person must have is ‘socio-emotional awareness’...which is about using logic (逻辑) and past experience to make judgement...So, if you want to be wise, learn to both keep yourself cool and put yourself in others’ shoes.”可知，此处明确指出研究发现两种与智慧相关的品质：社会情感意识和反思导向，并强调两者结合的重要性。选项A准确复述原文内容。故选A。 13．推理判断题。根据“All cultures think wisdom is important, but not all cultures have the same idea or what it is.”和“In the end, how wisdom is felt, shared, and valued depends on cultural backgrounds, and these cultural differences enrich the world’s understanding of wisdom, making it more colorful.”可推知，文化差异导致智慧理解的多样性。选项B“不同的文化对智慧可能有不同的理解。”符合。故选B。 14．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先提出跨文化智慧研究的两个共性（社会情感意识和反思导向），再强调文化差异对智慧理解的丰富性。选项D“智慧的普遍观点及它的文化差异。”符合。故选D。 C Science shows that helping others can make you feel good, too. The key is to find the way that works for you. There’s a Chinese saying that goes: If you want happiness for an hour, take a nap. If you want happiness for a day, go fishing. If you want happiness for a year, inherit a fortune (继承财产). If you want happiness for a lifetime, help somebody. For thousands of years, the greatest thinkers have suggested the same thing: Happiness is found in helping others. Scientific research provides compelling (有说服力的) data to support the idea that helping others may be the secret to living a life that is happier, healthier and more productive and meaningful. Giving can feel great. And as we learn early, it’s better to give than to receive. Plus, the more you give, the more you stand to gain purpose, meaning and happiness. Find your passion (热情). It’s not how much you give. It’s how much love you put into giving. You might care about one cause more than others, and that’s okay. Support the cause that feels right for you. Give your time. The gift of time is often more valuable to the receiver and more satisfying to the giver than the gift of money. We don’t all have the same amount of money, but we all have time. We can give some of this time to help others—whether a few hours each day, or a few days each year. Give to groups with clear goals (目标). Michael Norton, a professor at Harvard Business School in Massachusetts, says “giving to a group that specifies (说明) what they’re going to do with your money or service leads to more happiness.” Don’t forget about yourself. Psychologist Adam Grant advises giving to others, but keeping your personal and emotional (情感的) needs in mind. You matter too! 15．According to this passage, what may cause a person to get happiness for a lifetime? A．Taking a nap. B．Going fishing. C．Inheriting a fortune. D．Helping somebody. 16．According to Michael Norton, ________. A．the more you give, the more happiness you will have B．you should give your time to help others instead of money C．you should keep your personal and emotional needs in mind D．you should give your money or service to groups with clear goals 17．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Give Your Time B．A Chinese Saying C．Help Others, Help Yourself D．Keep Your Needs in Mind 【答案】15．D 16．D 17．C 【导语】本文主要论述了帮助他人可以带来幸福和满足感，并提供了如何有效帮助他人的建议，包括找到自己的热情所在、给予时间、捐赠给有明确目标的团体以及不要忘记关注自己的需求。 15．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If you want happiness for a lifetime, help somebody.”可知，帮助别人可以获得一生的幸福。故选D。 16．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Michael Norton, a professor at Harvard Business School in Massachusetts, says ‘giving to a group that specifies what they’re going to do with your money or service leads to more happiness.’”可知，Michael Norton认为应该将钱或服务捐赠给有明确目标的团体。故选D。 17．最佳标题题。文章主要论述了帮助他人可以带来幸福和满足感，同时强调了关注自己需求的重要性，即帮助他人也是帮助自己。选项C“Help Others, Help Yourself”最符合文章主旨。故选C。 D I’m sorry, Mr. Brown. Let me tell you why that idea may fail you. I know people who graduated at 21 and didn’t get a job until they were 27. I know people who graduated late at 25 and they found work immediately. I know people who never went to university but found what they love at 18. I know people who found a job straight out of college making much money but hate what they do. I know people who took gap years and found their purposes. I know people who were so sure about what they were going to do at 16, but they changed their minds at 26. So my point is everything in life happens according to our time, our clock. You may look at some of your friends and think that they’re ahead of you. Maybe some of them you feel are behind. But everything happens at their own pace (速度). They have their own time and clock and so do you. Be patient. It took till 32 for J. K. Rowling to be published for Harry Potter. Ortega set up Zara when he was 39. Morgan Freeman got his big break (机遇) at 52. Steve Carell only got his break after 40 years old. Virgin was started by Richard Branson at 34. Getting your degree (学位) after 25 is still an achievement. Not being married at 30 but still happy is beautiful. Starting a family after 35 is still possible. And buying a house after 40 is still great. Don’t let anyone rush you with their time lines. As Einstein said, “Not everything that counts can be counted and not everything that’s counted truly counts.” And this is the most important thing. I want you to be able to have meaningful, purposeful and fulfilling (让人感觉有意义的) lives for yourselves, and learn how to use that to make a difference in the lives of others. That will be the true success. 18．The underlined “idea” may be the thought that ________. A．buying a house after 40 is great B．getting a job after 35 is wonderful C．starting a family after 30 is a shame D．getting a degree after 25 is an achievement 19．The speaker gives so many examples of famous people in order to ________. A．tell listeners that they are too old to achieve success B．wish listeners to admire their wealthy but busy lives C．ask listeners to keep their own pace of life and be patient D．show listeners that they would never know what the true success is 20．Which is TRUE according to the speech? A．Getting your degree before 25 is still an achievement. B．Everything in life happens according to one clock. C．Remember to look at someone and think they are behind. D．Enjoy your meaningful life and make a difference in others’ as well. 21．The speech may make the listeners think life is full of ________. A．danger B．hope C．fear D．surprise 【答案】18．C 19．C 20．D 21．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，属于励志演讲。文章旨在通过举例和说理，安抚听众对人生节奏的焦虑，鼓励他们按照自己的步调生活，保持耐心，追求有意义的人生。 18．词句猜测题。题干中“idea”指的是会误导人的错误观念，结合全文主旨，演讲者反对用固化的世俗标准评判人生。A、B、D都是演讲者认可的“正确人生选择”，而选项C“30岁没成家是耻辱”是典型的世俗偏见，符合“会让人失望的错误想法”的定义。故选C。 19．推理判断题。根据第一段“But everything happens at their own pace. They have their own time and clock and so do you. Be patient.”可知，演讲者列举J. K. Rowling、Ortega等名人的例子，是因为他们的成功都不是在大众默认的“年轻时段”实现的 (如Rowling 32岁才出版《哈利・波特》、Morgan Freeman 52岁才迎来事业机遇)。这些案例的核心作用是佐证“人生有自己的节奏”的观点，从而劝导听众保持耐心、按自己的步调生活，而非A (说人老不能成功)、B (羡慕名人生活)、D (让人不懂真正成功)。故选C。 20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I want you to be able to have meaningful, purposeful and fulfilling lives for yourselves, and learn how to use that to make a difference in the lives of others. That will be the true success.”可知，作者强调过有意义、有目标的生活，并以此影响他人，选项D表述符合原文。故选D。 21．推理判断题。演讲稿整体基调积极，通过打破世俗时间焦虑、列举不同阶段成功的案例，传递出“不必焦虑，按自己节奏也能拥有精彩人生”的信号，会让听众感受到人生的希望，而非危险、恐惧、意外。故选B。 三、任务型阅读（第1-2题每题2分，第3题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 One Step towards Changing the World You may have heard this story, but I find that it doesn’t hurt to be reminded of it every once in a while. First, let me tell you the story, and then we can talk about it. Once upon a time, there was an old man who used to go to the ocean to do his writing. He had a habit of walking on the beach every morning before he began his work. Early one morning, he was walking along the shore after a big storm had passed and found the beach covered with starfish as far as the eye could see, stretching in both directions. starfish Off in the distance, the old man noticed a small boy approaching. As the boy walked, he paused every so often and as he grew closer, the man could see that he was occasionally bending down to pick up an object and throw it into the sea. The boy came closer still and the man called out, “Good morning! May I ask what it is that you are doing?” The young boy paused, looked up, and replied “Throwing starfish into the ocean. The tide has washed them up onto the beach and they can’t return to the sea by themselves,” the youth replied. “When the sun gets high, they will die, unless I throw them back into the water.” The old man replied, “But there must be tens of thousands of starfish on this beach. I’m afraid you won’t really be able to make much of a difference.” The boy bent down, picked up yet another starfish and threw it as far as he could into the ocean. Then he turned, smiled and said, “It made a difference to that one!” We all have the opportunity to help create positive change, but if you’re like me, you sometimes find yourself thinking, “I’m already really busy, and how much of a difference can I really make?” I think this is especially true when we’re talking about addressing massive social problems like tackling world hunger or finding a cure for cancer, but it pops up all of the time in our everyday lives, as well. So when I catch myself thinking that way, it helps to remember this story. You might not be able to change the entire world, but at least you can change a small part of it, for someone. They say that one of the most common reasons we procrastinate (拖延) is because we see the challenge before us as too big or difficult to deal with, and that a good way to counter that is to break the big challenge down into smaller pieces and then take those one at a time—like one starfish at a time. And to that one starfish, it can make a world of difference. 22．What did the old man find on the beach early one morning? 23．What was the small boy doing on the beach? 24．Why did the boy do that? 25．What do you think of the boy? Why? (Please give two reasons.) 【答案】22．He found the beach covered with starfish after a big storm.   23．He was picking up starfish and throwing them into the ocean.   24．Because the tide washed starfish onto the beach and they couldn’t return to the sea by themselves. They would die when the sun got high, and he wanted to save them. 25．I think the boy is kind-hearted and persistent. First, he is kind-hearted because he is willing to spend time saving the starfish from dying and doesn’t ignore the situation. Second, he is persistent because he keeps throwing starfish into the ocean even when the old man says he can’t make much difference. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了一位老人看到一个小男孩坚持将搁浅的海星扔回大海，尽管数量庞大难以全部拯救，但男孩认为“对这一只来说就是改变”，启示我们即使力量微小，也能为局部带来积极影响。 22．根据“Early one morning, he was walking along the shore after a big storm had passed and found the beach covered with starfish as far as the eye could see, stretching in both directions.”可知，老人在海滩上发现了暴风雨过后满是海星。故填He found the beach covered with starfish after a big storm.    23．根据“the man could see that he was occasionally bending down to pick up an object and throw it into the sea.”和“Throwing starfish into the ocean.”可知，小男孩在海滩上捡海星并把它们扔回海里。故填He was picking up starfish and throwing them into the ocean.   24．根据“The tide has washed them up onto the beach and they can’t return to the sea by themselves,”和“When the sun gets high, they will die, unless I throw them back into the water.”可知，小男孩这么做是因为涨潮把海星冲到了海滩上，它们自己回不了海里，太阳升高后会死去，他想救海星。故填Because the tide washed starfish onto the beach and they couldn’t return to the sea by themselves. They would die when the sun got high, and he wanted to save them. 25．开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填I think the boy is kind-hearted and persistent. First, he is kind-hearted because he is willing to spend time saving the starfish from dying and doesn’t ignore the situation. Second, he is persistent because he keeps throwing starfish into the ocean even when the old man says he can’t make much difference. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $