Unit 2 The Universal Language 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·译林版·Unit2 TheUniversalLanguage二 一、重点单词详解 1:complicated 一·、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.复杂的，难懂的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：complicate/komplikert/(vt.使复杂化；使难懂) 形容词：complicated(由complicate+-ed构成) 名词：complication/kompli'ker/(n.并发症；复杂情况) 三、用法与常见搭配 a complicated problem/situation(复杂的问题情况) sth.be complicated to do(做某事很复杂) 四、重点辨析 complicated vs.complex:均含”复杂”之意。complicated侧重因结构、关系繁多而难以 理解或处理，如a complicated machine(复杂的机器)；complex指由许多相互关联部分 组成的整体，强调内在联系的复杂性，如a complex system（复杂的系统)。 2:possess 、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：t.具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：possessed/p3'zest/（adj.着魔的；拥有的)；possessive/pa'zesv/(adj.占有的； 所有格的) 名词：possession/p3'zen/(n.拥有；财产；所有物) 三、用法与常见搭配 possess sth.(拥有某物) possess sb.（支配/控制某人) possess a quality/.trait（具有某种品质/特质) in possession of(拥有…) in the possession of(被…拥有) personal possessions(个人财产) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：be possessed by/with(被…迷住；被…支配) 3:abandon 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(v.) 核心义：t.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃：舍弃 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：abandonment./a'baendenmant/(n.放弃；抛弃) 形容词：abandoned/e'bandend/.(adj.被遗弃的；放纵的) 三、用法与常见搭配 abandon sth.sb.(放弃/抛弃某物/某人) abandon doing sth.(放弃做某事》 abandon oneself to(沉溺于…) 四、重点辨析 abandon vs.desert vs.quit:abandon强调彻底、永远地放弃，可能带有不负责任的意味， 如abandon a project(放弃一个项目)；desert指违背责任或义务而抛弃，如desert one's family(抛弃家庭)；qit指主动辞去工作、停止做某事，如quit smoking(戒烟)。 4:desperate 一、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：desperately/'desparatli/(adv.绝望地；极度地) 名词：desperation/.desp3'rern/(n.绝望；不顾一切) 三、用法与常见搭配 be desperate for sth.(极其需要某物) be desperate to do sth.（迫切想要做某事) a desperate situation/measure（极严重的情况/孤注一掷的措施) 四、拓展用法 语境提示：desperate作”不惜冒险的？”解时，常含贬义，如a desperate criminal(亡命之 徒)。 5:reputation 一、核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.名誉，名声 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：repute/'pju:t/(vt.认为；把…称为) 形容词：reputable /'repjatabl/(adj.声誉好的；受尊敬的)；disreputable/ds'repjatabl/(adj. 声名狼藉的) 三、用法与常见搭配 have a good/.bad reputation（有好/坏名声) eam/build a reputation(赢得/树立声誉) damage/in one's reputation(损害/毁掉某人的名誉) 四、重点辨析 reputation vs.fane:reputation侧重公众对某人/某物的评价，可好可坏，如a reputation for honesty（诚实的名声)；fame指广泛的”名气，声誉”，通常指好的名声，且程度比 reputation更深，如win international fame(赢得国际声誉)。 6:brilliant 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的：很成功的；明亮的 二、 构词法（词性转换） 副词：brilliantly/'brilientli/(adv.出色地；明亮地) 名词：brilliance/biliens/,(nworking光辉；才华；显赫) 三、 用法与常见搭配 a brilliant mind/idea(聪颖的头脑/巧妙的主意) a brilliant success/performance(很成功的成就/出色的表演) brilliant sunshine(明媚的阳光) 四、重点辨析 brilliant vs.clever vs.intelligent:brilliant强调才华横溢、极为聪明，程度最高，如a brilliant scientist(杰出的科学家)；clever侧重头脑灵活、善于学习或解决问题，如a clever child(聪明的孩子)；intelligent指具有较高的智力水平，善于思考，如an intelligent decision(明智的决定)。 7:extraordinary 、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 二、构词法（词性转换） 副词：extraordinarily /ik'stro:dnreli/(adv.极其；非凡地) 名词：extraordinariness/ik'stro:dnrines/(n.非凡；离奇) 三、用法与常见搭配 an extraordinary achievement/talent(非凡的成就/天赋) extraordinary weather（反常的天气) in extraordinary circumstances(（在特殊情况下) 四、拓展用法 固定搭配：extraordinary session（特别会议) 8:enthusiastic 核心考点 词性：形容词(ad山j.) 核心义：adj.热情的，热心的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：enthusiasm/In'0ju:ziaezem/(n.热情；热心；热衷的事物) 副词：enthusiastically /In,ju:zi'estrkli/(adv.热情地；热心地) 三、用法与常见搭配 be enthusiastic about sth./sb.(对某事/某人热情) an enthusiastic supporter(热心的支持者) enthusiastic applause(热烈的掌声) show enthusiasm for（对…表现出热情) with enthusiasm（热情地) 四、拓展用法 派生词记忆：enthusiast/m'0ju:ziaest/(n.爱好者；热衷者) 9:remarkable “、核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注日的 二、 构词法working(词性转换) 动词：remark /i'mak/(t.&vi.评论；谈论；注意到) 名词：remark红'ma:k/(n.评论；话语)；remarkableness/'ma:kablnes/(n.显著；非凡) 副词：remarkably红'ma:kabli/(adv.显著地；非常) 三、用法与常见搭配 a remarkable event//achievement(非凡的事件/成就) remarkable for(（因…而显著) 四、重点辨析 1 remarkable vs.notable vs.outstanding:remarkable强调因不寻常或独特而引人注目，如 a remarkable story(引人注日的故事)：notable指值得注意或有重要意义的，如a notable scholar(著名学者)：outstanding指在同类中突出、优秀的，如an outstanding student（优 秀学生)。 10:prediction 一、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.预言 二、词汇巩固练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The instructions for assembling the furniture are so that I spent three hours trying to figure them out. A)complicated B)complex C)simple D)ordinary 2.She is said to_a great talent for music,which has earned her worldwide fame. A)abandon B)possess C)predict D)remark 3.Due to financial problems,the company decided to its plan to expand overseas. A)quit B)desert C)abandon D)leave 4.The villagers were_for water after the drought lasted for months. A)desperate B)enthusiastic C)brilliant D)remarkable 5.The restaurant has a good for serving delicious seafood at reasonable prices A)fame B)reputation C)possession D)abandonment 6.Einstein was a scientist whose theories changed the way we understand the universe. A)clever B)intelligent C)brilliant D)wise 7.The_success of the project surprised everyone involved in it. A)extraordinary B)usual C)common D)average 8.The students are_about the upcoming school trip to the science museum A)desperate B)enthusiastic C)remarkable D)abandoned 9.Her_courage in fighting against the disease inspired many people around her. A)ordinary B)remarkable C)common D)usual 10.The weather forecast made a_that a strong storm would hit the coastal area tomorrow. A)prediction B)reputation C)enthusiasm D)abandonment (二)根据提示补全句子(10题) 1.The_(complicate)of the problem requires careful analysis 2.He was_(possess)by a strong desire to win the competition 3.The_(abandon)of the old factory left many workers unemployed. 4.She looked at him_(desperate),hoping he would help her. 5.The company has built a(repute)for high-quality customer service. 6.The(brilliant)of the fireworks lit up the night sky 7.The team performed_(extraordinary)well in the final match 8.His_(enthusiastic)for painting started when he was a child. 9.The invention was(remarkable)for its simplicity and effectiveness. 10.The accuracy of the(predict)depends on the quality of the data. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The pof wealth does not always bring happiness 2.Don't a hope-everything will get better soon. 3.She made a d attempt to save the drowning child. 4.The school has a good rfor academic excellence. 5.His bidea solved the problem that had confused scientists for years. 6.The ebeauty of the mountain scenery took my breath away 7.The crowd cheered ewhen their team scored the winning goal. 8.The rgrowth of the city has attracted many new residents 9.The teacher's pabout the exam results turned out to be correct. 10.The c relationship between the two countries needs to be handled carefully. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：AB CA B C AB B A 解析1（第1题）： 考查complicated的用法。complicated表示”复杂的，难懂的”，符合句意”组装家具的 说明太复杂了，我花了三个小时才弄明白”；complex虽然也表示”复杂”，但更强调内 在联系的复杂性；simple和ordinary与句意相反，故选A。 解析2（第2题）： 考查possess的用法。possess表示”具有，拥有”，符合句意”据说她具有音乐天赋，这 为她赢得了世界声誉”；abandon表示”放弃，predict表示”预测”，1 emark表示”评论， 均不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第4题）： 考查desperate的用法。be desperate for表示”极其需要”，符合句意干旱持续数月后， 村民们极其需要水；enthusiastic表示”热情的”，brilliant表示聪颖的”，remarkable表 示”非凡的”，均不符合语境，故选A。 2.补全句子答案： 1.complication 2.possessed 3.abandonment 4.desperately 5.reputation 6.brilliance 7.ex- traordinarily 8.enthusiasm 9.remarkable 10.prediction 3.首字母填空答案： 1.possession 2.abandon 3.desperate 4.reputation 5.brilliant 6.extraordinary 7.enthusiasti- cally 8.remarkable 9.prediction 10.complicated 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit2 The Universal Language二