Unit 3 The art of painting 二-2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册期末词汇复习（译林版）

期末词汇复习 选择性必修第一册·译林版·Unit3 Theartofpainting二 1:ambitious 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：ambition /em'br/(n.野心，雄心；志向，目标) 形容词：ambitious(由ambition+-ous构成) 副词：ambitiously /aem'bIfasli/(adv.雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述人：an ambitious person(有雄心的人)；be ambitious for power/success(渴望权力/成 功) 描述事物：an ambitious project/plan(宏大的项目/计划) 固定搭配：be ambitious to do sth.(渴望做某事) 四、拓展用法 褒贬差异：表示”有雄心的”时含褒义；表示”野心勃勃的”时含贬义，需结合语境判断 五、作文高级句型 Young people should be ambitious to pursue their dreams and contribute to society with their efforts 2:comprehensive 一、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 二、构词法（词性转换） 动词：comprehend/komprI'hend/(t.理解，领会；包含，包括) 名词：comprehension/,kompr'henm/(n.理解，领悟；理解力) 形容词：comprehensive(由comprehend+-ive构成) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述事物：comprehensive knowledge（全面的知识)；comprehensive report(详尽的报告) 专有名词：Comprehensive School(综合中学) 固定搭配：make a comprehensive study of(对…进行全面研究) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：comprehensive(强调内容全面)：overall(强调整体的、概括的) 五、作文高级句型 A comprehensive analysis of the problem is necessary before we put forward solutions. 3:expose 一、 核心考点 词性：动词(t.) 核心义：t.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 构词法（词性转换） 名词：exposure /ik'spau3/(n.暴露；揭露；曝光；接触) 动词：expose 形容词：exposed/ik'spauzd(adj.无遮蔽的：易受攻击的) 三、用法与常见搭配 揭露真相：expose a secret//scandal（揭露秘密/丑闻) 暴露状态：expose sth.to.(使某物暴露于…)；be exposed to danger(面临危险) 使接触：expose children to art(让孩子接触艺术) 四、拓展用法 被动语态：be exposed to表示”接触；暴露于”，to为介词，后接名词或动名词 五、作文高级句型 We should expose the truth to the public to prevent similar incidents from happening again. 4:decline 核心考点 词性：名词(n.)、动词(vi.&vt.) 核心义：n衰退，衰落，减少，下降：i.&t.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 二、 构词法（词性转换） 动词/名词：decline 形容词：declining/d'klan四/(adj.不断下降的，衰退的〉 三、用法与常见搭配 表示”下降：decline in sth.（某事物的下降)：numbers decline(数量减少) 表示”谢绝”：decline an invitation/offer(谢绝邀请/提议)；decline to do sth.(拒绝做某 事) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：decline(强调逐渐下降)；decrease(侧重数量减少)；refuse(语气较强， 直接拒绝) 五、作文高级句型 The decline in traditional culture should arouse people's attention and call for effective protec- tion measures. 5:perspective 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：n.透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力：景观，远景 二migratories（词性转换) 形容词：perspective/p3 spektrv/(adj.透视的) 名词：perspective 用法与常见搭配 表示”观，点：in one's perspective（在某人看来)；from a different perspective(从不同角 度) 表示”透视法：linear perspective(线性透视) 固定搭配：put sth.into perspective(正确看待某事) 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：perspective(强调观察事物的角度)；iew(普通用词，指个人看法)； opinion(侧重个人观点) 五、作文高级句型 Learning history helps us gain a broader perspective on current social issues. 6:precise 、 核心考点 词性：形容词(adj.) 核心义：ad.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的 二、构词法（词性转换） 名词：precision/pr'sI3/(n.精确，准确) 形容词：precise 副词：precisely/pr'sarsli/(adv.精确地，准确地；恰好) 三、用法与常见搭配 描述事物：precise measurements(精确的测量)；precise instructions(明确的指示) 描述时间：at precisely3o'clock(正好三点钟) 固定搭配：to be precise(确切地说)》 四、拓展用法 同义词辨析：precise(强调细节准确)：accurate(强调与事实一致)：exact(强调完全符 合标准) 五、作文高级句型 In scientific research,precise data and careful analysis are essential for obtaining reliable re- sults. 7:crisis 、 核心考点 词性：名词(n.) 核心义：.危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 二、构词法（词性转换） 形容词：critical/'katk/(ad.关键的，危急的；批评的) 名词：crisis 副词：critically/'krtrkli/(adv.危急地；批评地) 三、用法与常见搭配 表示”危机”：economic crisis(经济危机)；environmental crisis(环境危机)；be in crisis (处于危机中) 表示”病危期”：a patient in crisis(病危患者) 固定搭配：face a crisis(面临危机)；overcome a crisis（克服危机) 四、拓展用法 复数形式：crises/krarsi:zl（注意发音和拼写) 五、作文高级句型 International cooperation is crucial to solving global crises such as climate change and pan- demics. (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The government plans to take measures to solve the environmental problem. A)precise B)comprehensive C)declining D)exposed 2.The company's profits have been_steadily since last year due to poor management. A)exposing B)declining C)criticizing D)comprehending 3.It is important for children to be to different cultures from an early age. A)declined B)exposed C)precise D)ambitious 4.The scientist spent three years making a study of the local ecosystem. A)comprehensive B)perspective C)crisis D)exposure 5.The CEO the invitation to the dinner party because of a urgent meeting. A)exposed B)declined C)comprehended D)criticized 6.To make the experiment successful,we need_measurements and careful observation A)precise B)ambitious C)overall D)critical 7.The documentary aims to the truth behind the political scandal. A)expose B)decline C)crisis D)perspective 8.From a historical,this event had a profound impact on global relations. A)exposure B)crisis C)perspective D)precision 9.The country is facing an economic_,and the government is taking emergency actions. A)decline B)crisis C)ambition D)comprehension 10.Young people should be_enough to set high goals and work hard to achieve them A)exposed B)precise C)ambitious D)critical (二)根据提示补全句子(6题) 1.Her(ambition)to become a doctor led her to study day and night. 2.The report provides a_(comprehend)analysis of the current education system 3.The(expose)of the corruption scandal shocked the public 4.The number of tourists has shown a(decline)trend in recent months. 5.The patient's health is in a(crisis)state,and doctors are trying their best to save him. 6.The_(precise)of the data is crucial for the success of the research project. (三)首字母填空(10题) 1.The project requires a capproach that covers all aspects of the problem. 2.He d the job offer because the salary was not satisfactory. 3.The journalist risked her life to e the illegal activities of the company. 4.From a different p,we might find a better solution to the conflict. 5.The sof the mountain is exposed to strong winds all year round. 6.The p_of the experiment must be ensured to avoid errors. 7.The country is going through a severe economic c_ 8.She is an astudent who always aims for the highest grades. 9.Children's e_to secondhand smoke can cause serious health problems. 10.A c_study of the issue will help us make informed decisions. (四)答案与解析 1.单项选择答案：BB B A BA AC B C 解析1（第1题）： 考查comprehensive的用法。comprehensive measures表示”全面的措施”，符合句意” 政府计划采取全面措施解决环境问题；precise强调”精确”，declining表示”下降的”， exposed表示”暴露的”，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析2（第2题)： 考查decline的用法。have been declining表示”一直在下降，符合句意”由于管理不善， 公司利润自去年以来一直在稳步下降”；exposing表示”暴露，criticizing表示”批评， comprehending表示理解”，均不符合语境，故选B。 解析3（第3题）： 考查expose的用法。be exposed to表示”接触”，符合句意”让孩子从小接触不同文化很 重要”；declined表示下降，precise表示”精确”，ambitious表示”有雄心的”，均不符 合语境，故选B。 2.补全句子答案： 1.ambition 2.comprehensive 3.exposure 4.declining 5.critical 6.precision 3.首字母填空答案： 1.comprehensive 2.declined 3.expose 4.perspective 5.slope 6.precision 7.crisis 8.ambi- tious 9.exposure 10.comprehensive 英语词汇复习手册·选择性必修第一册·Unit3 The art of painting二