摘要:
这是一份初中英语八年级上册期末复习课件,聚焦Units 5~6内容,以考情透视、知识梳理、语法串讲、真题引领为支架,涵盖单词短语句型积累、后缀-y/-ness构词法等语法点及中考真题训练,助力学生系统复习。
资料特色突出,融合核心素养:语言能力上,通过不定式、比较级等语法即时检测提升运用能力;文化意识方面,结合世界自然景观、宇宙探秘话题渗透科学探索精神;思维品质上,引导用思维导图整合知识、提取语篇关键信息;学习能力上,设置真题实战训练培养应试技巧。能帮助学生夯实基础、提升综合语言运用能力,也为教师提供高效复习框架,节省备课时间。八年级学生处于巩固基础、衔接中考的关键期,此资料可有效助力期末复习与能力提升。
内容正文:
期末复习考点串讲
Units 5~6
仁爱版2024·八年级英语上册
考 情 透 视
知 识 梳 理
语 法 串 讲
真 题 引 领
目 录
01
考情透视·目标导航
语法串讲·融会贯通
知识梳理·夯实基础
真题引领·实战训练
(单词、短语、句型积累)
02
03
04
(后缀-y、-ness构词法;不定式to do;形容词比较级和最高级的用法)
课标要求
考情分析
第一部分
考情透视·目标导航
考情透视·目标导航
课标要求
掌握后缀-y、-ness构词法,理解不定式to do及形容词比较级和最高级的用法。
能用相关词汇表达自然文化景观、宇宙探秘等话题。
1.借助图表、思维导图整理知识,提取语篇关键信息,培养知识整合与逻辑思维能力。
2.通过分析语篇逻辑关系、辨析事实与观点,提升批判性阅读与推断能力。
3.运用目标语法和词汇描述景观、天体,交流相关知识,增强表达与写作应用能力。
了解世界著名景观、宇宙探索历程及航天事业发展,初步形成文化多样性与科学探索意识。
感受人类追求真理、勇于创新的精神,树立对自然与宇宙的探索兴趣和敬畏之心。
01
语言知识
02
语言能力
03
文化意识与情感态度
考情透视·目标导航
考情分析
语法与词汇 掌握世界自然文化景观、宇宙与航天相关核心词汇;
理解运用后缀-y、-ness构成的派生词;
不定式to do用法;形容词比较级和最高级的形式与语境运用。
阅读理解 主题:围绕世界自然文化景观、地球与宇宙探秘及航天发展的说明文语篇。
能力:提取整理核心信息,辨析客观事实与主观观点;推断代词指代、语义关联及信息间逻辑关系;概括信息并判断异同。
写作与表达 写名胜古迹介绍文交流自然文化景观、宇宙相关知识;
写天体介绍文,表达对宇宙探秘的好奇与未来向往。
题型说明 客观题:5%-10%语音节奏/重音判断题;20%-25%词汇语法单选/填空(侧重派生词、核心语法);20%-25%阅读细节/推断/概括题。
主观题:5%-10%句型转换/单词拼写;15%-20%主题写作(名胜/天体介绍);10%-15%口语交际问答/主题交流。
单词、短语、句型
第二部分
知识梳理·夯实基础
一、重点单词
1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________
6. ___________
7. ___________
8. ___________
9. ____________
10. ____________
11. ____________
12. ____________
13. ____________
14. ____________
15. ____________
16. ____________
知识梳理·夯实基础
Unit 5 Amazingou Places
王宫;宫殿
文化
景色;风景
风景;景色
海滩;沙滩
材料
贸易
国家;民族
palace
culture
view
landscape
beach
material
trade
nation
石头
皇帝
茶(水);茶叶
政府
位于;坐落在;躺
修理;校正
期待;指望
劝告;警告
stone
emperor
tea
government
lie
fix
expect
warn
17. ___________
18. ___________
19. ___________
20. ___________
21. ___________
22. ___________
23. ___________
24. ___________
25. ___________
26. ___________
27. ___________
28.___________
29. ___________
30. ___________
知识梳理·夯实基础
完成;做好
发送(消息等)
保持;保留
在中心的;中央的
圆形的;环形的
丰富多彩的;富有的
全部的;整体的
茂密的;厚的
平坦的;平的
十分;非常;相当
keep
central
round
rich
whole
thick
flat
quite
已经;早已
圆形的;环形的(adj.);旋转;环绕(adv.)
在(或向)上面(adv.);在(或向)……上面(prep.)
在(或到)下面(adv.);在(或到)……下面(prep.)
above
below
send
finish
round
already
二、重点短语
1. ______________
2. ______________
3. ______________
4. ______________
5. ______________
6. ______________
7. ______________
8. ______________
9. ______________
10. ______________
11. ______________
12. ________________
13. ________________
14. ______________
15. ______________
16. ______________
知识梳理·夯实基础
长城
故宫博物院
天安门广场
文化名胜
在……中心
在……东南部
数以万计的
迫不及待做某事
the Great Wall
the Palace Museum
Tian'anmen Square
places of cultural interest
in the center of...
in the south-east of...
tens of thousands of
can't wait to do sth.
由……制成
富含;充满
因……而众所周知
一年到头
期望某人做某事
告诫某人(不要)做某事
盼望做某事
丝绸之路
be made of
be rich in
be known for
all year round
expect sb. to do sth.
warn sb. (not) to do sth.
look forward to doing sth.
the Silk Road
Unit 5 Amazingou Places
知识梳理·夯实基础
三、重点句型
1.Mount Huangshan ___________ its ___________.
黄山因为它的云海而著名。
2.It ________ the south of Anhui Province. 它位于安徽省南部。
3.The Great Wall runs _____ the west ____ the east in northern China. 长城在中国北部从西到东绵延开来。
4.Tian'anmen Square _________________ Beijing.
天安门广场位于北京的中心。
is famous for
sea of clouds
lies in
lies in the center of
from
Unit 5 Amazingou Places
to
知识梳理·夯实基础
5.—Which place do you plan to visit _________________?
你假期打算去哪里?
—I ___________ visit Mount Huangshan. 我打算去参观黄山。
6.We ____________ see the national flag going up.
我们迫不及待地想看国旗升起。
7._____________________, "Heaven above, Suzhou and Hangzhou below".中国有句谚语,“上有天堂,下有苏杭”。
8.It _______________ the beautiful design of its buildings.
它也因其建筑的精美设计而众所周知。
during your holiday
plan to
can't wait to
As a Chinese saying goes
is also known for
知识梳理·夯实基础
9.It's ______________________________ of the world.
它是世界上最令人惊叹的奇迹之一。
10.It is ________a place of interest _______a symbol of the nation.
它不仅是一处名胜古迹,还是中华民族的象征。
11.The teacher _______ the students ________ swim in the river.
老师警告学生们不要在河里游泳。
12.I'm _______________ hearing from you.
我盼望收到你的来信。
one of the most amazing wonders
not only
but also
looking forward to
warns
not to
一、重点单词
1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________
6. ___________
7. ___________
8. ___________
9. ___________
10.___________
11. ___________
12. ___________
13. ___________
14. ___________
15. ___________
16. ___________
知识梳理·夯实基础
宇宙
表面;表层
度,度数;学位
火箭
物体;天体
气体;天然气
岩石
能量;电力供应
universe
surface
degree
rocket
object
gas
rock
power
环形地带(小行星带)
死;死亡
黑洞
银河系
彗星
出现;显现
发送;派遣
(使)分开;划分
belt
death
black hole
Milky Way
comet
appear
send
separate
Unit 6 Earth and Beyond
17. ___________
18. ___________
19. ___________
20. ___________
21. ___________
22. ___________
23. ___________
24. ___________
25. ___________
26. ___________
27. ___________
28. ___________
29. ___________
30. ___________
知识梳理·夯实基础
生存;存活
包括;包含
(使)充满
升起;上升
证明;证实
(使)冻结;结冰
活着;在世
低的
最少;最小
奇怪的;奇特的
fill
rise
prove
freeze
alive
low
least
strange
热量;热(n.);加热;变热(v.)
在(或向)里面(adv.);在(或向)……里(prep.)
也不(adv.);两者都不(det. / pron.);也不(conj.)
公地(n.);共有的;普遍的(adj.)
inside
neither
common
include
survive
heat
二、重点短语
1. ______________
2. ______________
3. ______________
4. ______________
5. ______________
6. ______________
7. ______________
8. ______________
9. ______________
10. ______________
11. ______________
12. ________________
13. ________________
14. ______________
15. ______________
16. ______________
知识梳理·夯实基础
太阳系
绕圈;转圈
把……送/派遣到
在太空
摄氏度
至少
把……分成……
内行星
the solar system
go around
send...into
in space
degree Celsius
at least
separate...into...
the inner planets
外行星
小行星带
既不……也不……
与……相似
充满着……
与……有关
作为……而闻名
由于
the outer planets
Asteroid Belt
neither...nor...
be similar to
be alive with
be related to
be known as
due to
Unit 6 Earth and Beyond
17. _____________
18. _____________
19. _____________
知识梳理·夯实基础
用……填满……
有共同之处
出生于……
fill...with...
have something in common
be born in/on
知识梳理·夯实基础
三、重点句型
1.On clear nights, you can see them _______in the sky.
在晴朗的夜晚,你能看到它们在天空中闪闪发亮。
2.It is ____________ than Earth and goes around Earth once about every 27 days. 它比地球小得多,大约每27天绕着地球转一圈。
3.It is the _________and _________ object in the solar system, and it gives us light and warmth.它是太阳系最大最亮的天体,给予我们光和温暖。
largest
much smaller
brightest
shining
Unit 6 Earth and Beyond
知识梳理·夯实基础
4.Asteroid Belt _________ the planets ____ two groups—the inner planets and the outer planets.小行星带将行星分为两部分——内行星和外行星。
5.There are _____________ two reasons:.... 至少有两个理由:……
6.It is __________ too close _____ too far from the sun.
它离太阳既不太近也不太远。
7.Although the two planets have many differences, they have something __________ —water.
虽然两颗行星有很多区别,但是它们有共同之处——水。
separates
into
at least
in common
neither
nor
知识梳理·夯实基础
8.He _____________ Poland on February 19th, 1473.
他于1473年2月19日出生于波兰。
9.It is ____ cold on the planet ____ air would freeze into something like snow. 这个星球是如此寒冷,以至于空气都会凝结成类似雪花的东西。
10.Mars ____________ us to explore, and ______ the universe.
火星正等着我们去探索,宇宙也一样。
was born in
so
is waiting for
that
so is
语法串讲
即时检测
第三部分
语法串讲·融会贯通
语法串讲·融会贯通
核心:均为名词/形容词构词后缀;-y多接名词表“充满……的、有点……的”(形容词);-ness多接形容词表“……的状态/性质”(名词)。
后缀 -y、-ness 构词法
•-y(形容词后缀,接名词):① 表“充满……的”;例:cloud→cloudy(多云的)、wind→windy(有风的);② 表“有点……的”;例:honey→honey(错误,正确为honey是名词,sun→sunny(晴朗的)、luck→lucky(幸运的)
•-ness(名词后缀,接形容词):表“状态/性质”;例:happy→happiness(幸福)、sad→sadness(悲伤)、kind→kindness(善良)、ill→illness(疾病)
•注意:-y接以“辅音+y”结尾的名词时,需变y为i;例:baby→babyish(孩子气的),-ness接以“辅音+y”结尾的形容词时,直接加;例:busy→busyness(忙碌)
语法串讲·融会贯通
即时检测:用 “名词+-y” 或 “形容词+-ness” 填空
1.It’s ________ (rain) today — don’t forget to take an umbrella.
2.Her __________ (kind) made everyone like her.
3.The soup tastes _______ (salt) — you put too much salt.
4.__________ (happy) is the most important thing in life.
5.He has a _______ (sleep) look — he must be tired.
6.The ________ (ill) made him stay in bed for a week.
后缀 -y、-ness 构词法
kindness
salty
Happiness
sleepy
rainy
illness
语法串讲·融会贯通
核心:由“to+动词原形”构成,可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、
状语等,部分动词后需接to do,部分需省to。
•常见接to do的动词:
want(想要)、hope(希望)、plan(计划)、
decide(决定)、try(努力)、learn(学习);
例:
I want to go to the park.(我想去公园。)
She plans to study abroad.(她计划出国留学。)
不定式 to do
语法串讲·融会贯通
•省to的情况:
① 情态动词后(can、may、must等);
例:You can finish it tomorrow.(你可以明天完成。);
② 使役动词后(make、let、have);
例:My mom lets me watch TV after dinner.(妈妈让我晚饭后看电视。);
③ 感官动词后(see、hear、watch等);
例:I saw her run away.(我看见她跑了。);
④ 固定搭配:had better(最好)、why not(为什么不);
例:You had better go now.(你最好现在走。)
•作其他成分:
① 主语(常用it作形式主语);
例:It’s important to learn English.(学英语很重要。);
② 状语(表目的);例:He came here to see his friend.(他来这儿是为了看朋友。)
语法串讲·融会贯通
即时检测:用动词的正确形式(to do/do)填空:
1.She hopes _______ (visit) her grandparents next weekend.
2.My teacher made me ________ (correct) the mistakes again.
3.It’s necessary __________ (exercise) every day.
4.We decided ______(go) to the cinema this evening.
5.He can ______ (swim) very well — he learned it when he was young.
6.Why not ____ (ask) the teacher for help?
to go
to visit
correct
swim
to exercise
ask
不定式 to do
语法串讲·融会贯通
核心:用于两者/三者及以上比较;比较级表“更……”(两者比),最高级表“最……”(三者及以上比),需掌握变化规则和常用搭配。
•变化规则:
① 单音节词/部分双音节词:直接加-er/-est;
例:tall→taller→tallest、fast→faster→fastest;
② 以e结尾:加-r/-st;例:nice→nicer→nicest、late→later→latest;
③ 重读闭音节(辅+元+辅):双写尾字母加-er/-est;
例:big→bigger→biggest、hot→hotter→hottest;
④ 以“辅音+y”结尾:变y为i加-er/-est;例:happy→happier→happiest;
⑤ 多音节词/部分双音节词:前加more/most;例:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful、interesting→more interesting→most interesting
形容词比较级和最高级的用法
语法串讲·融会贯通
•常用搭配:
① 比较级:than(比)、much/a little(……得多/一点,修饰比较级);
例:Tom is taller than Jim.(汤姆比吉姆高。)
This book is much more interesting.(这本书有趣得多。);
② 最高级:the+最高级+in/of(在……中最……);
例:She is the tallest in our class.(她是我们班最高的。)
•不规则变化:good/well→better→best、bad/ill→worse→worst、
many/much→more→most、little→less→least
形容词比较级和最高级的用法
语法串讲·融会贯通
即时检测:用形容词的正确形式(原级/比较级/最高级)填空
1.This story is ______________ (interesting) than that one — I like it better.
2.She is the _______ (kind) person I have ever met.
3.My home is _______ (near) to school than yours.
4.This is the ________ (big) apple in the basket.
5.Health is ______________ (important) than money.
6.He runs ______ (fast) than his brother.
biggest
more interesting
kindest
more important
nearer
faster
形容词比较级和最高级的用法
第四部分
真题引领·实战训练
综合训练
拓展提升
真题引领·实战训练
一、单项选择
1. (2025年江苏省扬州市中考)Mount Huangshan ______ in the south of Anhui Province and is famous for its sea of clouds.
A. lies B. lays C. located D. stands
2. (2025年湖北省武汉市中考)The sun is the largest and brightest ______ in the solar system, giving us light and warmth.
A. object B. thing C. matter D. subject
3. (2024年浙江省杭州市中考)Tian'anmen Square is ______ the center of Beijing. Tens of thousands of people visit it every day.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
A
A
B
真题引领·实战训练
4. (2024年江苏省苏州市中考)The moon ______ around the Earth once about every 27 days.
A. goes B. moves C. runs D. walks
5. (2023年四川省成都市中考)The Palace Museum is made ______ wood and has more than 70 palaces in different sizes.
A. of B. from C. by D. with
6. (2025年广东省中考)Scientists are trying to send more satellites into ______ to explore the universe.
A. sky B. space C. air D. heaven
7. (2024年湖南省长沙市中考)Earth is ______ too hot nor too cold, so it's alive with living things.
A. either B. neither C. both D. not only
A
A
B
B
真题引领·实战训练
8. (2023年陕西省中考A卷)—Which place do you plan to visit during your summer vacation?
— I plan to visit the West Lake because it's beautiful ______ year round.
A. all B. whole C. each D. every
9. (2025年浙江省杭州市中考)Mars may be ______ to Earth in size and temperature, scientists say.
A. same B. different C. similar D. familiar
10. (2024年山东省青岛市中考)When we walked through the forest, we saw some hills ______ the shapes of animals.
A. on B. in C. with D. for
C
A
B
真题引领·实战训练
11. (2023年河南省中考)______ the sun is far away from Earth, it still gives us enough light and heat.
A. Because B. Although C. Since D. If
12. (2025年重庆市中考A卷)—What ______ you ______ at this time yesterday?
— I was watching a documentary about space exploration.
A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing
13. (2024年安徽省中考)It's ______ to cut in line when visiting scenic spots. We should follow the rules.
A. polite B. impolite C. non-polite D. unpolite
C
B
B
真题引领·实战训练
14. (2023年北京中考真题)—Must I stay here and wait for you?
— No, you ______. You can go to visit the nearby temple first.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. shouldn't
15. (2025年广西中考)The old city wall is a ______ place of interest. It shows the wisdom of ancient people.
A. helpful B. wonderful C. careless D. homeless
A
B
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2025年江苏省苏州市中考)The Yellowstone National Park is famous for its beautiful natural __________ (landscape).
2. (2024年四川省眉山市中考)Human beings can't _______ (survive) on Mars without air and water.
3. (2023年浙江省嘉兴市中考)It's said that there are about 9,000 ______ (room) in the Palace Museum.
4. (2025年四川省德阳市中考)The universe is the whole body of things, and no one knows how _____ (wide) it is.
5. (2024年安徽省中考)We are looking forward to ________ (visit) the Taj Mahal, one of the most famous sites in India.
6. (2023年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考)The high cost is a big weakness in space ___________ (explore).
真题引领·实战训练
landscapes
survive
wide
rooms
visiting
exploration
7. (2025年广西中考)When we arrived at the beach, we saw some children __________ (play) with sand happily.
8. (2024年四川省南充市中考)The Great Wall __________ (build) by ancient workers with earth and stones thousands of years ago.
9. (2023年山东省枣庄市中考)As a Chinese saying __________ (go), "Heaven above, Suzhou and Hangzhou below".
10. (2025年云南省中考)The boy _______________ (understand) his parents' love because he is too young.
11. (2024年江苏省扬州市中考)The window __________ (need) cleaning. It's too dirty to see the scenic view outside.
12. (2023年湖南省衡阳市中考)The __________ (care) driver caused the accident near the scenic spot.
真题引领·实战训练
playing
was built
misunderstands
goes
needs
careless
三、将下列句中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式。
1. (2023年北京市中考)The Great Wall __________________ (起始于山海关)and ends at Jiayuguan.
2. (2024年山东省烟台市中考)_______________ (太阳系)includes the sun, eight planets and other objects.
3. (2025年四川省广安市中考)We plan to ________________________ (参观北京奥林匹克公园)during our winter holiday.
4. (2023年四川省凉山州中考)The temperature on Mercury can _____________ (下降到)-173°C at night.
5. (2024年山西省中考)___________________ (数以万计的)people come to see the national flag-raising ceremony every morning.
真题引领·实战训练
starts from Shanhaiguan
The solar system
visit Beijing Olympic Park
drop down to
Tens of thousands of
6. (2024年江苏省扬州市中考)We should ____________________________ (尊重和保护古老文化)when we visit ancient cities.
7. (2023年湖南省衡阳市中考)________ (至少)two reasons make Earth suitable for living things.
8. (2024年湖北省武汉市中考)Mars is waiting for us to explore, and _______________ (宇宙也一样).
真题引领·实战训练
At least
so is the universe
respect and protect the ancient culture
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